La isasazwa ngokubeka Bubuchule obubalulekileyo bokuvelisa izityalo kubuchwephesha kunye negadi yasekhaya, njengoko ivumela izityalo ukuba ziphindaphindeke kumasebe ahlala eqhagamshelwe kwisityalo sikamama ngexesha lenkqubo yokuhluma. Le ndlela yohlulwe kwi-cuttings kunye ne-clump division kuba isityalo esitsha sifumana zonke izondlo ukusuka kwi-matrix de inkqubo yayo yeengcambu ikhule ngokwaneleyo, ekwandisa kakhulu izinga lempumelelo, ngakumbi kwiintlobo ezinobunzima bokuthatha iingcambu zisebenzisa iindlela zemveli.
Yintoni ukumaleko kwaye kutheni isebenza kangaka?
Ukugoba kubandakanya ukwenza iingcambu zikhule kwisiqu okanye kwisebe ngaphandle kokuyahlula kwisityalo esingumzaliEmva kokuba icandelo le-stem lihlulwe, liyasikwa kwaye lityalwe ngokuzimeleyo. Esi sicwangciso sifanelekile kuba kunciphisa uxinzelelo kwisityalo esitsha, ekubeni ingahlukaniswanga ide ibe neengcambu, ihlala inompompolo wamanzi, izondlo kunye noshukela kwisityalo sokuqala.
Kwakhona, Ukwaleka kunokwenziwa ngamaxesha abandayo, xa ezinye iindlela zokusasaza, ezinje ngokusikwa, zisoloko zisilela ngenxa yokucotha kwemetabolism yezityalo. Izibonelelo ezongezelelweyo ziquka:
- Ikuvumela ukuba uvelise iintlobo ezinzima ngezinye iindlela (umz. Acer palmatum, Ifotinia fraseri, Actinidia emnandi).
- Ayifuni rhoqo iindawo zokufuma eziphezulu okanye ii-greenhouses ezinzima.
- Ubungakanani bezithole obufunyenweyo budla ngokuba bukhulu kwaye bunamandla.
- Ingasetyenziselwa zombini ngaphakathi nangaphandle, yodwa, kwii-flowerbeds okanye kwimifuno yemifuno.
Izityalo ezininzi ngokwemvelo zivelisa ngolu hlobo: iintlobo ezirhubuluzayo ezifana ne iblackberry okanye irasbheri Zikhula iingcambu ngokuzenzekelayo xa amasebe azo edibana nomhlaba.
Eyona nto iphambili iintlobo zokubeka kunye nendlela yokwenza
Ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo yesebe, indawo apho i-rooting iqhutywe khona, kunye neentlobo ezikhethiweyo, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokubeka. Ngamnye ulungelelaniswe kuhlobo olwahlukileyo lwesityalo kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo okanye ze-substrate. Iindlela eziphambili zokumaleko zezi:
I-Layering elula
Le yeyona ndlela iqhelekileyo kwaye ilula. Ibandakanya ukusonga a isebe eliguquguqukayo, yihlisele phantsi kwaye uyingcwabe ngokuyinxenye, ngokuqhelekileyo ishiya incam yetheminali ngaphezu komhlaba.
- Ilungele i amatyholo, imidiliya kunye nezityalo ezineziqu ezinde, ezibhetyebhetye (umz. IJasmine, iClematis, iForsythia).
- Kwindawo engcwatyiweyo kuyacetyiswa ukuba wenze i-longitudinal cut encinci okanye ususe i-ring bark vuselela ukuvela kweengcambu.
- Isebe likhuselekile ngeefolokhwe zocingo, iziteki okanye amatye acaba.
- I-substrate kufuneka ikhululeke kwaye ibe nomthamo omhle wokufuma, kwaye kuyacetyiswa ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo.
Elona xesha lilungileyo lidla ngokuba yi primavera, usebenzisa amasebe anonyaka owodwa, nangona inokuthi iqhutywe ekwindla kwimozulu epholileyo. Emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa, iingcambu ziya kube zenziwe, kwaye isiqu sinokuhlukana kwaye sitshintshwe njengomntu ozimeleyo.
I-Compound, i-multiple okanye i-serpentine layering
Ukusuka kwelinye, elide, isebe eliguquguqukayo, amacandelo atshintshana phakathi kokungcwatywa kunye nokuvezwa ngaphezu kwe-substrate. Icandelo ngalinye elingaphantsi komhlaba liya kubangela ukubunjwa kweengcambu, ukuvumela phinda-phinda inani lezityalo ezitsha ukusuka kwisikhondo esinye.
- Isetyenziswa kakhulu ekunyukeni kwezityalo (I-Honeysuckle, iWisteria, iPothos) kunye nezityalo zangaphakathi.
- Ifuna ukuba indawo nganye engcwatyiweyo ibe nehlumelo elibonakalayo ukuqinisekisa uphuhliso lwexesha elizayo.
- Ingasetyenziselwa kwiimbiza usebenzisa iimbiza ezininzi ezincedisayo ukungcwaba iindawo eziyimfuneko.
Ingcebiso okanye i-Elbow yeTheminali
Obu buchule buxhaphakile kwi amaqunube, amaqunube kunye namaqunube. Ukuhluma kwenzeka kanye kwindawo incam yesebe, engcwatywe kancinane, iisentimitha ezimbalwa ubunzulu. Ihlumelo elinamandla elithe nkqo liya kuntshula kulo mmandla ungcwatywe kwintlakohlaza elandelayo.
- Ivumela ukuhlaziya izityalo kwiintlobo ze-stem zonyaka kunye ne-biennial.
- Ingcebiso kufuneka igcinwe nge-hairpin yocingo ukuyikhusela ukuba ihambe.
- Ingcambu ikhula ngokukhawuleza kwigophe elenziwe phantsi komhlaba.
I-Aerial Layering
Ukugoba komoya kukulungele imithi enemithi okanye amatyholo nezityalo ekunzima ukuphinda zikhule emhlabeniInkqubo ibandakanya ukunyanzeliswa kweengcambu kwindawo yesebe lomoya, ukuyigubungela nge-sphagnum moss okanye i-peat moss kwaye uyitywine ngeplastiki ecacileyo ukugcina umswakama kunye nobumnyama.
- Khetha isiqu esithe nkqo okanye esithambekele kancinane, kukhethwa ukuba sibe ngaphezu kwama-50 cm ubude.
- Yenza i-ring incision, ususe i-1 okanye i-2 cm ye-bark. Faka i-rooting powder.
- Gubungela indawo nge-substrate yakho ekhethiweyo kwaye ubophe ngokupheleleyo ngeplastiki, utywine iziphelo.
- Ngokuzikhethela, yongeza isambatho sesibini se-opaque ukwenzela ubumnyama obunokuthi bube yingcambu.
- Ukufakwa kwamanzi kufuneka kugcinwe phezulu, ukunkcenkceshela i-moss ngaphandle kokumanzisa ngokugqithiseleyo indawo.
Isebenza kakhulu kwi Acer, Ficus, Citrus, Camellia, Dracaena, Hibiscus, Magnolia kunye nezinye iintlobo ezininzi zemithi, kuquka izityalo zangaphakathi. Isiphumo sibonwa xa iingcambu ezimhlophe zijikeleze ingaphakathi leplastiki kwaye zinokwahlulwa kwisityalo somzali.
Ukwaleka kwiSiduli okanye kwibhentshi
Le ndlela ibonakaliswe ngokukodwa kwi ukwanda kwemithi yeziqhamo kunye neziqu zengcambu zeclonal, njengemithi yama-apile, imithi yecurrant, imithi yequince, imithi yehazelnut kunye nemithi yeediliya. Kubandakanya ukusika isityalo sikamama kufutshane nomhlaba ngexesha lasebusika. Xa amasebe amatsha ehluma entlakohlaza, agalelwa ngomhlaba de inxalenye yehlumela igqunywe. Ukubonelela ukufuma kunye nokungenisa umoya kubalulekile.
- Amahlumela aphathwa ngolu hlobo aphuhlisa iingcambu kwisiseko sawo.
- Zivumelekile ukuba zikhule zide zifikelele kwi-10-12 centimeters phambi kokugubungela inxalenye yobude bazo.
- Ezi hlumelo zisikwa kwisiseko sokutshintshwa.
Lo mjikelo unokuphinda-phinda unyaka nonyaka, nto leyo evumela ukuhluma kwesityalo esingumzali ukuba kusetyenziswe ngokupheleleyo.
Ukubekwa kwi-Trench
Umsebenzi ophucukileyo, ojoliswe ikakhulu kwii-nursery kunye nokusasazwa kwezorhwebo. Isetyenziswa kwi Imithi kunye nezihlahla ezineziqu eziguquguqukayo, kodwa azilawuleki kangako xa kuthelekiswa nokubekwa ngokululaKubandakanya ukubeka phantsi isityalo esincinci okanye isebe elide kumsele owombiweyo, ngokuthe ngcembe uwugqume ngomhlaba njengoko amahlumela asecaleni avela. Iziseko ezifakwe iblitshi zala mahlumela ziya kuntshula iingcambu.
- Inkqubo ifuna ukucwangciswa, njengoko ukwakheka okuthe tye kunokuthatha indawo enkulu.
- Isetyenziswa ngakumbi kukusasazwa kobungcali kwemithi yeziqhamo ekunzima ukuyiphindaphinda ngokusikwa okanye ukuxhunyelelwa.
- Amahlumela aneengcambu anqunyulwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye atshintshelwe ngokuzimeleyo.
Le ndlela ivumela ukufumana izixa ezikhulu zezityalo ezincinci ngexesha elifutshane ngelixa ugcina umgangatho wemfuzo wesityalo sikamama.
Uninzi lweentlobo ezifanelekileyo kunye neengqwalasela ezibalulekileyo
Ukwalekwa, kuyo nayiphi na intlobo ezahlukeneyo, luncedo kwinani elikhulu leentlobo zezityalo:
- Izidalwa: I-Wisteria, i-Honeysuckle, i-Clematis, i-Pothos
- Izihlahla zokuhombisa: Rhododendron, Forsythia, Philadelphus, Daphne, Euonymus, Spiraea
- Imithi nemithi yeziqhamo: Iapile, iquince, iblueberry, idiliya, ihazelnut, umnquma, irharnati kunye nesitokhwe sesitrasi
- Ngaphakathi kwezityalo: Dracenas, Ficus, Dieffenbachia, Camellia
Ukongeza kwimizekelo ekhankanywe ngasentla, iintlobo ekunzima ukusasaza ngembewu okanye ngembewu zinokuphinda ziveliselwe, ukuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kweempawu ezixabisekileyo zemfuza ezinjengobukhulu, uhlobo lweentyatyambo, umbala wamagqabi, okanye ukumelana nezinambuzane.
Ezinye iintlobo, ezifana I-Forsythia, i-blackberry kunye ne-jasmine nudiflorum, benza umaleko ngokuzenzekelayo, ukwenza umsebenzi womgadi wegadi ube lula.
Izinto eziyimpumelelo, ukunakekelwa kunye neengcebiso ezongezelelweyo
- Yenza umaleko ngamaxesha omsebenzi wencopho. (intwasahlobo okanye ekwindla kwimozulu epholileyo), ngaphandle kokulinywa kwenduli kunye nomsele, ongaqala ngexesha lokuphumla kwasebusika.
- Soloko usebenzisa amasebe amancinci nasempilweni, unyaka omnye okanye emibini yokukhula.
- Zama ukugcina indawo enengcambu enomswakama owaneleyo, kodwa ukuphepha amanzi amaninzi abangela ukubola.
- Ukusetyenziswa kwehomoni ye-rooting kwandisa kakhulu impumelelo., ngakumbi kwiintlobo ekunzima ukuzisusa.
Wakuba ufumene lo mzekelo mtsha, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uwutyale embizeni kuqala ukuqinisekisa ukuba uziqhelanisa nawo phambi kokuba uwutshintshele egadini okanye kwigadi yeziqhamo, ingakumbi kwiintlobo ezithambileyo okanye ezikhula kade.
Uthelekiso: umaleko uthelekiswa nezinye iindlela zokuzala
Nangona kukho ezinye iindlela zokuphindaphinda, ezifana ukusika, ukwahlulwa kwezityalo kunye nokuxhunyelelwaUkumaleka kuneengenelo ezingenakuphikiswa kwiintlobo ezininzi. Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe ngezinye iindlela zokuvelisa, tyelela ukuveliswa kwezityalo.
Kuzo zonke ezi zizathu, ukwaluka kuba yeyona ndlela ilungileyo xa kufikwa ekuphindaphindeni iisampulu ezixabisekileyo, ezithambileyo, okanye ekunzima ukuzisasaza, ukukhulisa ukusetyenziswa kwemathiriyeli yezityalo ekhoyo.
