Esona sikhokelo siGqibeleyo seZityalo eziQhubelekayo: Ukhathalelo, iimpawu, kunye noKhetho lweEvergreen Gardens kunye neOrchards

Las iminyaka engapheliyo Zibalasele kwimiyezo ejikeleze ihlabathi ngokukwazi kwazo ukugcina amandla kunye nohlaza unyaka wonkeUkomelela kwabo, ukuguquguquka, kunye nobuhle kubenza babe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kubo bobabini abagadi abanamava kunye nabo batsha ekulimeni bekhangela indawo ebukekayo ehlala intle enokugcinwa okuphakathi. Kwesi sikhokelo siqinisekileyo, uya kufumanisa ukuba zeziphi iiperennials, iimpawu zazo eziphambili, ezona ntlobo zidumileyo, ukhetho olubalulekileyo lokhathalelo, imizekelo yemozulu nganye, kunye nendlela yokusasaza ngempumelelo.

Zithini izinto ezingapheliyo?

Ixesha ezingapheliyo Ibhekisa kwiintlobo eziphila iminyaka engaphezu kwemibini, zigcina amagqabi azo okanye zihluma ixesha ngalinye, ngokungafaniyo nezityalo zonyaka kunye nezineminyaka emibini, ezigqibezela umjikelo wobomi bazo kunyaka okanye emibini ngokulandelelanayo. Ezi zityalo zinokuwagcina amagqabi azo aluhlaza ngamaxesha onyaka okanye ziwalahlekele ngokuyinxenye kwaye zihlume ngamandla emva kwexesha lokuphumla.

Phakathi kweempawu ezibalulekileyo zezityalo ezingapheliyo zizo ixesha elide, ukukwazi ukuhluma kunye nokudumba amaxesha amaninzi kunye ne ukuziqhelanisa neemeko ezahlukeneyo kunye neemozuluOku kuthetha ukuba, xa sele zisekiwe egadini okanye kwigadi yeziqhamo, zinokubonelela ngesakhiwo, umbala, kunye nozinzo iminyaka, zibe sisiseko salo naluphi na uyilo lomhlaba.

Iimpawu eziphambili zezityalo ezingapheliyo

• Ixesha elide: Bahlala iminyaka engaphezu kwemibini, ezinye iintlobo zinokufikelela amashumi eminyaka kwiimeko ezigqibeleleyo.
• Ukukhula konyaka: Zintshula rhoqo entwasahlobo okanye ekwindla, kuxhomekeka kwiindidi kunye nemozulu.
• Amagqabi aluhlaza: Izityalo ezininzi ezingapheliyo zigcina amagqabi unyaka wonke, ngelixa ezinye zingalahleka ngokuyinxenye okanye okwethutyana.
• Ukuchasana: Ziyakwazi ukumelana nemozulu embi, izinambuzane nezifo; xa sele zisekiwe, zifuna ukukhathalelwa kancinci kunezityalo zonyaka.
• Iintyatyambo ezahlukeneyo: Zinika ixesha elide leentyatyambo, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, iintyatyambo ezininzi ngonyaka.
• Ukugcinwa okuphantsi: Emva kokuba zilungelelaniswe, zifuna ukunkcenkceshelwa okuncinci kunye nokunyamekelwa rhoqo kunezinye iintlobo.

Izinto eziluncedo kunye nokungonakali kwezityalo ezingapheliyo

Inzuzo:

• Luhlaza unyaka wonke: Bagcina igadi inomtsalane nasebusika.
• Ufakelo olusezantsi: Akuyomfuneko ukuphinda kutyalwe rhoqo ngexesha lonyaka, njengakwiminyaka.
• Ukuziqhelanisa: Kukho iintlobo zazo zonke iintlobo zemozulu kunye neemeko zomhlaba.
• Umthombo wendalo: Babonelela ngekhusi kunye nokutya kwi-pollinators efana neenyosi, amabhabhathane kunye neentaka.

Iingxaki:

• Utshintsho oluncinci lwamaxesha onyaka: Ubume bomhlaba butshintsha kancinci xa kuthelekiswa nezitiya zonyaka.
• Ulondolozo olukhulu lonyaka: Eminye imizekelo ifuna ukuthenwa okanye ukwahlulahlula ukuze uhlale usempilweni.
• Ukuqokelelana okunokwenzeka kwezitshabalalisi: Ukuba ayikhange iqwalaselwe, inokuba yindawo yokufihla izinambuzane ezizingisileyo.

Umahluko phakathi kwezityalo ezingapheliyo kunye nezityalo ezivuthulukayo

Ukubhideka okuqhelekileyo kulele ekwahluleni phakathi iminyaka engapheliyo y izityalo ezivuthulukayoNgelixa izityalo ezihlala ziluhlaza zigcina ubume bazo kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo amahlamvu azo ixesha elininzi lonyaka, izityalo ezivuthulukayo zilahlekelwa ngamagqabi azo ngokupheleleyo ngexesha elinye (ngokuqhelekileyo ekwindla), zilala kude kube yintwasahlobo.

• Ukuhlala ixesha elide: Bagcina amagqabi abo okanye iziqu zabo ziluhlaza unyaka wonke kwaye ukukhula kwabo kunokuhlala rhoqo nangona kuncinci ebusika.
• Izityalo ezivuthulukayo: Ziphulukana namagqabi awo ixesha lonyaka elinye kwaye ziphinde ziwabuyisele xa imozulu iphucuka, nto leyo ethetha ukunqongophala kwesondlo ebusika kodwa inkangeleko ethe kratya.

Iintlobo zezityalo ezingapheliyo ngokokusetyenziswa kwazo egadini

Ngaphakathi kweqela elibanzi lezityalo ezingapheliyo, kukho iindidi ezahlukeneyo ngokusekelwe kwimbonakalo yazo kunye nomsebenzi wokuhlobisa okanye ovelisayo. Sigxininisa:

• Iiperennials zeHerbaceous: Izityalo ezingenamithi, ezifana ne-hostas, i-daylilies, okanye i-astilbes.
• Izihlahla eziluhlaza: Imizekelo efana ne-boxwood, i-lavender okanye i-rosemary, enika isakhiwo esisisigxina.
• Imithi eluhlaza: Njengeepayini, i-magnolias, imithi ye-orenji okanye imithi yomnquma.
• I-Succulents kunye nezigqubuthelo zomhlaba: I-sedums okanye i-thymes, ilungele ukugquma indawo kunye nokumelana nembalela.
• Ezityiwayo ezihlala ixesha elide: Imifuno efana ne-sage, i-mint, i-oregano, okanye iziqhamo ezifana ne-raspberries kunye namaqunube amnyama.

Imizekelo yezityalo ezingapheliyo kuzo zonke iintlobo zegadi

Ezidweliswe apha ngezantsi zezinye ze uninzi lwezityalo ezihlala zixatyiswa zombini ukulungiswa kwayo ngokulula kunye nokukwazi kwayo ukuhombisa iigadi, iitesi kunye negadi yeziqhamo:

• I-lavender: Ivumba elimnandi kunye neentyantyambo ezimfusa. Ukumelana nembalela kunye nezinambuzane. Ilungele imida, iirockeries, izikhongozeli, kunye nezitiya zemifuno. Ifuna umhlaba oyisanti, otsalwe kakuhle; ukuba sesichengeni selanga ubuncinane iiyure ezintandathu; kunye nokunkcenkceshela okuphakathi. Emva kweentyatyambo, ukuthena okulula kukhuthaza ukukhula okuhlangeneyo.
• Irozi engapheliyo: Iintlobo ngeentlobo zeentyatyambo ezibukekayo, ezihlala ixesha elide. Bakhetha umhlaba onzulu, ongenamanzi kunye nokutshiswa lilanga ngokupheleleyo. Ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo, ukuphepha ukuchithwa kwamanzi, kunye nokukhuthaza ukuthenwa ngonyaka.
• Ihostela: Ibalasele ngamahlamvu awo kwimithunzi eyahlukeneyo eluhlaza, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye emthubi. Ifanelekile kwiindawo ezinomthunzi okanye ezinomthunzi ophakathi, kunye nomhlaba otyebileyo kwizinto eziphilayo ezihlala zifumile kodwa zingenamanzi. Ifuna ukukhuselwa kwi-slugs.
• I-Perennial geranium (Pelargonium peltatum): Iintyatyambo ezinde kwimithunzi epinki, ebomvu, namhlophe. Ifuna ilanga eligcweleyo kunye nomhlaba otsalwe kakuhle. Iyayinyamezela imbalela kwaye ifuna amanzi aphakathi, angakhukulayo.
• Umboniso weSedum: I-succulent eyomeleleyo enamagqabi ayinyama kunye nezihloko zeentyatyambo ezipinki. Igqibelele kwiigadi zolondolozo oluphantsi; ifuna ilanga elininzi kunye nokunkcenkceshelwa kwezithuba.
• I-Coreopsis: Zininzi iintyatyambo ezinemibala etyheli, e-orenji, okanye ebomvu. Ukugcinwa okuphantsi, kukhetha ukukhanya kwelanga kunye nokunkcenkceshela okuphakathi. Ukuthenwa okulula emva kokutyatyamba kuya kukhuthaza ukukhula.
• I-Echinacea: Iintyatyambo ezimangalisayo kwimithunzi emfusa, epinki, okanye emhlophe. Ifuna ilanga elipheleleyo, umhlaba ongenamanzi, kunye nokunkcenkceshelwa okuphakathi. Itsala i-pollinators kwaye iyeza.
• i-nemorous sage: Iintyatyambo eziluhlaza, ezimfusa, okanye ezimhlophe; yomelele kakhulu. Ilungele umhlaba ococekileyo, ukukhanya kwelanga, kunye nokunkcenkceshela okuphakathi.
• Delphinium: Izikhonkwane ezide eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ezimfusa, okanye iintyatyambo ezimhlophe. Ifuna ilanga elipheleleyo, umhlaba ochumileyo, kunye nokunkcenkceshelwa rhoqo.
• IiDaylilies (Hemerocallis): Zivelisa iintyatyambo ezidlamkileyo ezihlala usuku olunye, kodwa zivuleleke ngokuqhubekayo ngalo lonke ixesha lokudumba. Zikhula kakuhle elangeni kwaye zifuna ukunkcenkceshelwa okuphakathi.
• I-coneflower etyheli (Rudbeckia fulgida): Iintyatyambo eziqinileyo kunye negolide. Ifanelekile kumhlaba ochumileyo, onelanga.
• I-Astilbe: Imibala eqaqambileyo, i-inflorescences engumphunga, ilungele umthunzi okanye i-semi-shade kunye nomhlaba ocebileyo wezondlo.
• Helenium: Ixesha elide leentyatyambo, ukususela ehlobo ukuya ekwindla, kwii-hues ezifudumele. Umhlaba otyebileyo kunye nokuvela kwelanga.
• Ikapa lenenekazi (Alchemilla mollis): Amahlamvu ahlobisayo kunye neentyantyambo ezityheli, ezifanelekileyo kumthunzi wenxalenye kunye nomhlaba omanzi.
• Ipopi yaseMpuma (Papaver orientale): Iintyatyambo ezinkulu ezibomvu, eziorenji okanye ezimhlophe; zidibanisa kakuhle nezityalo ezikhula emva kwexesha.
• I-Delphinium hybrid (i-Delphinium hybrid): Ubude obude kunye neblowu okanye iintyatyambo ezimhlophe ehlotyeni nasekwindla.
• Ithyme: Isixhobo sokupheka, ivumba elimnandi, kunye neentyatyambo ezincinci ezitsala i-pollinators. Ifanelekile njengokhuselo lomhlaba kwindawo eyomileyo kunye namatye.
• I-Boxwood (Buxus): I-shrub eqhubekayo kunye neshinyeneyo, esetyenziswa kwi-hedges kunye nemida.
• Ipayina (Pinus): Umthi oqhelekileyo oluhlaza, udala umoya wemithi unyaka wonke.
• IMagnolia grandiflora: Amagqabi akhazimlayo kunye neentyatyambo ezimhlophe ezinevumba elimnandi.

Ukhathalelo olubalulekileyo lwezityalo ezingapheliyo

Ukugcina iiperennials kulula, kodwa kufuna ukungaguquguquki ukuzigcina zisempilweni kwaye ziqhakaza iminyaka. Landela ezi ngcebiso kwaye ulungelelanise ukunkcenkceshela, ukuthena, kunye nokukhusela kwiimfuno zohlobo ngalunye:

• Unkcenkceshelo: Iiperennials zifuna ukunkcenkceshelwa rhoqo, ngakumbi kunyaka wokuqala kunye nexesha elide elomileyo. Zakuba zisekiwe, zininzi iintlobo zezilwanyana ezikwaziyo ukumelana nembalela. Ukunkcenkceshela okunzulu, ngokulinganayo kuyacetyiswa, ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-substrate ikhupha kakuhle. Ukusebenzisa igeyiji yemvula kunceda ukujonga ubungakanani bamanzi afunyenweyo.
• Ukuprintwa: Yenza ukuthena okulula ukususa amagqabi awomileyo okanye awonakeleyo kunye neziqu. Ukuthenwa ngonyaka, ngokuqhelekileyo entwasahlobo, kukhuthaza ukukhula okunamandla kunye nokuphucula iintyatyambo. Ezinye iintlobo zezityalo ziyakuxabisa ukucheba emva kokudubula kweentyatyambo ukuze zingabi neenkuni.
• Umbhalisi: Sebenzisa izichumisi eziphilayo okanye umgquba entlakohlaza ukunika izondlo ekuqaleni kwexesha lokukhula. Ziphephe izichumisi zekhemikhali ezigqithisileyo, njengoko zinokulimaza ubomi bentsholongwane yomhlaba.
• Ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula: Gcina umhlaba ungenakho ukhula olukhuphisanayo, ingakumbi kwiinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala emva kokutyala. Sebenzisa i-mulch ukugcina ukufuma kunye nokunciphisa ukukhula kokhula.
• Ukukhuselwa kwizinambuzane kunye nezifo: Yenza uhlolo rhoqo. Ukuba uqaphela izinambuzane, khetha izisombululo zebhayoloji nezothintelo kuqala. Ukujikeleziswa kwezityalo kunye nokuthena ngococeko kunceda ukuthintela iingxaki.
• Ukukhuselwa kwingqele: Ezinye iiperennials aziyinyamezeli iqabaka egqithisileyo. Sebenzisa i-mulch, i-straw, okanye izigqubuthelo ukukhusela iingcambu kunye neendawo ezingaphezulu komhlaba ebusika.
• Ukucoca kunye nokugcinwa: Susa iintyatyambo ezibunile ukuthintela ukumila kwembewu kwaye ukhuthaze iintyatyambo zesibini. Coca amagqabi awonakeleyo ukukhusela i-fungus kunye nezinambuzane.

Indlela yokutyala kunye nokuseka i-perennials ngokufanelekileyo?

Ukuqinisekisa impumelelo kwasekuqaleni, landela la manyathelo abalulekileyo:

1. Ukulungiswa komhlaba: Yomba umngxuma onesisa (malunga nama-50 x 50 x 50 cm kwizityalo ezinkulu ezizigcinayo). Yongeza i-30% ye-compost okanye i-organic matter kwi-substrate.
2. Ukubekwa kwezityalo: Tyala kubunzulu obucetyiswayo, ngaphandle kokuvala intamo (indawo apho ingcambu kunye nesiqu zidibana khona) ukuphepha ukubola.
3. Ukunkcenkceshela kokuqala: Nkcenkceshela kakuhle emva kokutyala kwaye ugcine ukufuma okungaguquguqukiyo kwiinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala. Musa ukuxhomekeka kuphela kwimvula; sebenzisa igeyiji yemvula ukujonga amanqanaba okwenene okufuma.
4. Ukugquma: Faka umaleko we-mulch (amagqabi, iinaliti zepine, okanye ixolo) emhlabeni, ushiye intamo yesityalo ikhululekile. Oku kunciphisa ukuguquka kwamanzi kunye nokukhula kokhula.
5. Indawo kunye nokuvezwa: Khetha indawo yegadi ngokweemfuno zokukhanya kwesityalo (ilanga elipheleleyo, i-semi-shade okanye umthunzi).

Ukuphindaphinda kunye nokusasazwa kwezityalo ezingapheliyo

Ukusasaza iiperennials yeyona ndlela ibalaseleyo yokwandisa isitiya sakho ngaphandle kweendleko ezinkulu. Ezona ndlela zisebenzayo zezi:

• ICandelo eliyiNgcambu: Ilungele iihostas, ii-astilbes, kunye neminililies. Ukwahlula isityalo sibe ngamacandelo, ngalinye liqukethe amahlumela kunye neengcambu, entwasahlobo okanye ekwindla, xa isityalo silele.
• Izicucu zengcambu: Thatha iingcambu zeengcambu kwiintlobo ezifana ne-raspberries; Zityale zithe tye kumhlaba ofumileyo ngexesha lokulala.
• IiStolons: Ezinye iintlobo (amaqunube, ingca ethile) zithumela izikhondo ezilandelanayo ezivelisa izityalo ezitsha. Ezi zinokubotshelelwa okanye zitshintshelwe kwiindawo ezintsha.
• Ukusika iziqu: Sika iingceba zeziqu eziselula kwiintlobo ezifana nelavenda kunye nesage kwaye uzibeke kumhlaba ofumileyo de zibe neengcambu.
• Ukuhlwayela imbewu: Qokelela imbewu evuthiweyo kwaye uyihlwayele kwiibhedi ezilungiselelwe okanye iibhedi zembewu. Ixesha elifanelekileyo lixhomekeke kwiintlobo; ngokubanzi, emva kweentyatyambo.
• Umaleko womoya: Isetyenziselwa iintlobo zemithi. Yenza i-screen encinci kwi-stem, uyigubungele nge-moss emanzi, kwaye uyibophe ngeplastiki de ibe neengcambu.

Ukuze ugweme ukusasazeka kwezifo, sebenzisa izixhobo zokusika iintsholongwane kwaye usebenzise i-substrates entsha, ene-aerated.

Ukukhethwa kwezityalo ezingapheliyo ngokwemozulu kunye nendawo

Impumelelo xa kukhula iperennials ixhomekeke ekukhetheni iintlobo ezilungele imozulu kunye nodidi lomhlaba. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso kwindawo nganye:

• Imozulu yeMeditera: I-Lavender, i-rosemary, i-sage, i-thyme, i-euphorbia, i-cistus.
• Iimeko ezingqongileyo ezifumileyo: I-Hostas, i-astilbes, i-ferns, i-echinaceas.
• Imozulu ebandayo: I-Pine, i-boxwood, i-magnolia grandiflora, i-rudbeckia, i-hellebores.
• Umhlaba oyisanti okanye ombi: I-Sedum, i-sage, i-lavender, i-achillea.
• Isithunzi: I-Hosta, i-ferns, i-brunnera, i-alchemilla mollis.
• Ilanga eligcweleyo: Coreopsis, delphinium, rudbeckia, helenium, poppies oriental.

Iimveliso ezicetyiswayo kunye nezixhobo zokhathalelo lwezityalo ezingapheliyo

Ukugcina izityalo zakho zisempilweni kwaye zikhangeleka zinomtsalane, xhobisa isitiya sakho nge:

• Izikere zokuthena ezisemgangathweni: Ukucoca nokusikeka okukhuselekileyo.
• Ukunkcenkceshela inkonkxa ngesitshizi esihlengahlengiswayo: Iququzelela unkcenkceshelo olulawulwayo ngokweentlobo kunye nenqanaba lokukhula.
• Iiglavu zomsebenzi onzima: Zikhusela izandla ngexesha lokuthena, ukutyala nokucoca.
• Ukulima egadini: Isixhobo esibalulekileyo sofakelo.
• Isichumisi sendalo: Yenzelwe ngokukhethekileyo izityalo ezingapheliyo kunye nokukhululwa okucothayo.

Iingcebiso ezikwinqanaba elisezantsi leGadi engapheliyo

• Khetha iintlobo zemveli okanye ezilungelelanisiweyo: Zifuna amanzi amancinci kwaye ziyakwazi ukumelana nezinambuzane zasekuhlaleni.
• Tyala ngokwamaqela: Ukwahlulahlula izityalo ezininzi zohlobo olufanayo kuququzelela ulondolozo kwaye kudala iziphumo ezibonakalayo ezimangalisayo.
• Sebenzisa i-mulch rhoqo: Khusela umhlaba kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kwaye uthintele ukukhula kokhula.
• Dibanisa ubude obahlukeneyo kunye neentyatyambo: Ngale ndlela, uyakonwabela umdla wobuhle unyaka wonke kwaye utsale izilwanyana zasendle eziluncedo.
• Nxulumanisa iiperennials kunye nonyaka kunye neebhalbhu: Iintyatyambo zonyaka zigqibezela umjikelo wokuhombisa kwaye zigqume iindawo ezingenanto phakathi kweentyatyambo.
• Cwangcisa ukuthena: Ikhalenda yokuthena inceda ukugcina amandla kunye nobuhle bezinto ezihlala ixesha elide.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo malunga noKhathalelo lweZityalo eziPheleleyo

• Lingakanani ilanga elifunekayo kwizityalo ezikhula rhoqo? Kuxhomekeke kwiintlobo. Ezinye zifuna ilanga elipheleleyo, ngelixa ezinye zikhula kakuhle emthunzini opheleleyo okanye ogcweleyo.
• Bangakwazi ukuhlala ezimbizeni? Ewe, iiperennials ezininzi zilungele ngokugqibeleleyo kwizikhongozeli ukuba zinendawo eyaneleyo kunye ne-substrate efanelekileyo.
• Ndigalele nini isichumiso kwaye ndithene? Ukuchumisa kucetyiswa entwasahlobo. Ukuthena kuyahluka; yenziwa entlakohlaza okanye emva kwexesha leentyantyambo eziphambili.
• Ngaba ziyakwazi ukumelana neqabaka eqatha? Abaninzi benza, nangona kwiimeko zezulu ezigqithisileyo kuyacetyiswa ukukhusela isiseko kunye neengcambu nge-mulch okanye i-geotextile.
• Ngaba zifanelekile kubaqalayo? Ngokuqinisekileyo. Uninzi lwezityalo ezihlala ixesha elide ezifana nelavender, sage, thyme, sedum, kunye nerudbeckia zifuna ukugcinwa okuncinci kwaye zilungele abaqalayo.
• Ngaba zinokudibaniswa egadini? Ewe. Iintlobo ezifana nelavender, sage, thyme, kunye nerosemary zitsala i-pollinators kwaye zigxotha izinambuzane, zizenza amaqabane abalaseleyo ezityalo.

Ngenxa yeyantlukwano, ubuhle, kunye nokomelela kwezityalo ezihlala ixesha elide, kuyenzeka ukuyila igadi okanye igadi yeziqhamo ehlala iluhlaza kunye neentyantyambo ezimangalisayo ezingakhathalelwanga kangako. Ezi ntlobo aziniki ixabiso lobuhle kuphela kodwa zibonelela ngexabiso le-ikholoji kunye nokusebenza, ukwenza ubomi bube lula kubalimi kunye nokukhuthaza ukuhlukahluka kwezityalo. Ngokudibanisa ezona ngcebiso zikhulayo kunye neentlobo ezifanelekileyo kakhulu kwindawo yakho, impumelelo iqinisekisiwe, kwaye unyaka nonyaka indawo yakho eluhlaza iya kuhlala igcwele ubomi, umbala kunye nempilo.

[iindaba ezinxulumeneyo]