Umahluko ophambili phakathi komthi kunye nesihlahla: ubume, ukusetyenziswa, kunye neengcebiso

Yintoni umthi kwaye yintoni isihlahla?

Ukuqonda umahluko phakathi komthi kunye nesihlahla Ibalulekile nakweyiphi na igadi, imbonakalo yomhlaba, okanye umthandi wendalo nje. Nangona zisenokubonakala zifana xa uqala ukuzibona, iimpawu zazo zesakhiwo, zebhayoloji, kunye nokusebenza zicace gca.

imithi Zizizityalo ezinemithi, okuthetha ukuba isiqu sazo, okanye isiqu, kwaye amasebe atyhubela inkqubo yokukhanya, omelele kwaye abe ngqongqo. Olu phawu lubavumela ukuba bafikelele kubude obuninzi, ngokufuthi budlula iimitha ezintlanu, kwaye iintlobo ezininzi zeentlobo zifikelela kwimilinganiselo enomtsalane. Isiqu siqhelekile kwaye sisongamile, sixhaswa yinkqubo yeengcambu ezinzulu esinika uzinzo kunye nokuphila ixesha elide. Imithi inokuphila iinkulungwane kwaye ivelise i-canopy edla ngokuba namasebe phezulu kwisiqu.

Amatyholo, kwelinye icala, nazo zizityalo zemithi, kodwa ezincinci ngobukhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo azidluli kwiimitha ezi-8 ubude kwaye zihlala ziphakathi kwe-1 kunye ne-3 yeemitha ubude. Olona phawu lwazo lwahluke kakhulu kukuba zineziqu ezininzi ezivela kwisiseko okanye kufutshane kakhulu emhlabeni, ngaphandle kokuphuhlisa isiqu esinye esilawulayo. Oku kuzenza zixinene kwaye zixinene, zilungele ukwenza iheji okanye imida kwiigadi.

Umahluko ophambili phakathi komthi kunye nesihlahla

1. Isakhiwo kunye nemofoloji

• UmbokoNgelixa umthi ngokuqhelekileyo unesiqu esichazwe kakuhle, esomeleleyo, nesiphakanyisiweyo ngaphambi kokuba amasebe aqale, i-shrub ayinaso esi siqu siphambili; iziqu zayo zivame ukwandisa ngokuthe ngqo kwisiseko.
• IsebeEmithi, i-branching idla ngokuvela ngaphezu komgangatho womhlaba, ukudala isithsaba esingaphezulu okanye esincinci okanye esisasazekayo. Kwizihlahla, i-branching iphantsi kwaye ixinene, idala i-bushier kunye nokubonakala okuhlangeneyo.

2. Ubungakanani kunye nobomi obude

• UkuphakamaImithi ikholisa ukodlula iimitha ezintlanu ubude, kunye nemizekelo ethile ifikelela kwishumi elinesibini leemitha. Amatyholo akafane abe ngaphezu kweemitha ezisi-8 kwaye ahlala ephakathi kwe-1 ne-3 yemitha ubude.
• Ixesha elideIindidi ezininzi zemithi zaziwa ngokuphila kwazo ixesha elide, eziphila kangangamakhulu okanye kwanamawaka eminyaka. I-Shrubs, kwelinye icala, ithande ukuba nobomi obufutshane, nangona kukho ukungafani okuphawulekayo.

3. Ukwakhiwa kweengcambu

• Iingcambu ezinzuluImithi ivelisa iingcambu ezinzulu, ezibanzi ezinikezela uzinzo olukhulu kwaye zivumela ukuba zimelane neemeko zemozulu ezimbi kwaye zibambe amanzi kwiindawo ezinzulu.
• Iingcambu ezinzulu okanye ezixineneyoIzihlahla zikholisa ukwenza iinkqubo zeengcambu ezingaphezulu, nangona zihlala zinamasebe kwaye zixinene, zivumela ukuba zigqume iindawo ezinkulu ezikufutshane nomphezulu.

4. Ubudlelwane kunye nokusingqongileyo kunye nokusebenza

• imithi Zibonelela ngomthunzi, zilawula ubushushu, zibambe i-CO2, kwaye ziindawo zokuhlala zezilwanyana nezityalo ezininzi. Bangumqolo osisiseko weepaki, amahlathi kunye neendawo zasezidolophini.
• Amatyholo Zisetyenziswa ikakhulu egadini nasekujongeni umhlaba ukucanda izithuba, zenze uthango, zibonelele ngombala kunye nokuthungwa, kwaye zikhuthaze ukuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo ngokutsala i-pollinators kunye nokukhusela izilwanyana ezincinci.

Ukuhlelwa kwezityalo kunye neentlobo

Imithi

Ngokwendlela yokukhula kwayo, Imithi yohlulwe yangamaqela amabini amakhulu:

• IimonopodsZine-trunk engundoqo enye ubude bayo bunyuka unyaka nonyaka ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Amasebe asemacaleni avela kule axis esembindini. Imizekelo: ipayini, ifir.
• SympodicI-axis ephambili yomthi iyayeka ukukhula emva kwexesha, kwaye amasebe asecaleni ayaqhubeka ekhula, evelisa amasebe alandelayo. Imizekelo: umthi womnquma, umthi wom-oki.

Shrubbery

Ukwahluka kwezihlahla kukhulu kakhulu. Banokuba njalo isigqibo (balahlekelwa ngamagqabi abo ekwindla-ebusika) okanye iminyaka engapheliyo (Zigcina amagqabi azo unyaka wonke). Ubume bawo obubambeneyo bubangelwa kukuba bamasebe ukusuka kwisiseko, kwaye banokubonisa iimilo ezingqukuva, ezisasazekileyo okanye ezirhubuluzayo.

Iimpawu zendalo kunye neenzuzo zodidi ngalunye

Iinzuzo zendalo zemithi

• Ukuveliswa kweoksijiniNgephotosynthesis, imithi iguqula iCO2 ibe yioksijini.
• Ummiselo wokutshintsha kwemozulu: Zihlengahlengisa ubushushu kunye nokufuma, zikhusela elangeni nasemoyeni.
• Indawo yokuhlala: Zilikhaya leentaka, izilwanyana ezanyisayo, izinambuzane kunye nezinye izinto eziphilayo, ezisebenza njengee-microecosystems zokwenyani.
• Ulawulo lokhukulisekoNgombulelo kwiingcambu zabo ezinzulu, zinzinzisa umhlaba kwaye zithintele ukudilika komhlaba.

Izinto eziluncedo kwizihlahla ezisingqongileyo

• Indawo yokuhlala kunye nokutya kwezilwanyana ezincinci: Zibonelela ngamaqunube, incindi kunye nokukhusela iintaka, izinambuzane kunye nezilwanyana ezincancisayo.
• Ukugcinwa okuphantsiAmatyholo amaninzi afuna ukukhathalelwa okuncinci, oko kuwenza alungele izitiya ezinamanzi aphantsi.
• Ukusetyenziswa komhlaba okuninzi: Ziqhelana nazo zonke iintlobo zomhlaba kunye neemeko, ukusuka kwimida ukuya kwibhedi yeentyatyambo kunye neerockeries.
• Uthintelo lokukhukuliseka komhlaba: Iingcambu zayo ezinamagatsha zinceda ukugcina i-substrate yomhlaba, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezithe tyaba okanye ezithambekileyo.

Ubume bomhlaba kunye nokusetyenziswa kokuhombisa: imithi kunye namatyholo kwiigadi

Ukusetyenziswa ngokubambisana kwemithi kunye nezihlahla Kubalulekile kuyilo lwegadi kunye neendawo zendalo. Ngamnye udlala indima ethile kwaye unikezela ngeenzuzo ezahlukeneyo, okuvumela ukudalwa kweendawo ezilinganayo kunye ezikhangayo.

Imithi kwiigadi kunye neepaki

• izithunzi zendalo: Ukukwazi kwayo ukwenza isithunzi akunakubuyiselwa.
• Iindawo ekugxilwe kuzoUmthi okhethwe kakuhle uqondisa ingqalelo kunye nokwakha indawo.
• Ukhuseleko lwemozulu: Zisebenza njengomqobo ngokuchasene nomoya kunye nelanga eligqithiseleyo.
• Ubuhle bobuhle: Iintyatyambo, iziqhamo, amaxolo kunye nombala wamagqabi wonyaka wonyaka uyatyebisa nayiphi na indawo.

Izihlahla kwi-landscaping

• IiHedges kunye nemida: Bachaza imida kunye neendlela, ukunika ubumfihlo kunye nokukhuselwa okubonakalayo.
• umbala kunye nokwakhekaKukho iintlobo ezininzi ezineentyantyambo zokubonisa, iziqhamo zokuhombisa kunye namagqabi eemilo ezahlukeneyo kunye nemibala.
• I-Ground CoverEzinye izihlahla zisebenza njengokhuselo lomhlaba, zithintela ukukhula kokhula.
• Ulondolozo olulula: Ngokuqhelekileyo zifuna ukuthenwa nokukhathalelwa kancinci kunemithi.

Imizekelo yeentlobo kunye namatyala akhethekileyo

Imizekelo yemithi

• Um-oki (UQuercus)
• Umthi wepayini (Ipeyinti)
• Ifir (vula)
• Umsedare (ICedrus)
• Iisundu, njengesundu (IPhoenix dactylifera)

Imizekelo yamatyholo

• Ibhokisi yomthi (I-Sexus sempervirens)
• Ilavenda (ilavenda)
• I-Oleander (I-oeriander yaseNerium)
• IHibiscus (Hibiscus)
• Ayuga (UAjuga reptans) kwifom ye-upholstery

Izityalo ezixubeneyo: Umthi okanye isihlahla?

Kukho iintlobo ezinokuthi, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko zokusingqongileyo kunye nokuthenwa, zinokuthatha zombini izihlahla kunye nemithi efana nemithi. Umzekelo, umthi womnquma (I-Olea europaea) inokukhula njengesihlahla endle, kodwa ngokuthenwa ngabantu iguqulwa ibe ngumthi ukuze kube lula ukuvunwa nokuphucula imveliso yeziqhamo. Olunye uhlobo oluphawulekayo yilaurel (laurus nobilis), ezinokubumba kuzo zombini izihlahla ezixineneyo kunye nemithi emincinci ukuya kwephakathi.

Ukwahlula okongeziweyo kwamatyholo ngokobude kunye nobuninzi

I-Botany kunye negadi yegadi iyahlula izihlahla kungekuphela nje ngobume bazo, kodwa nangobude bazo kunye nokuxinana kwamagqabi. Ezinye iinkqubo, ezifana nezo zamkelwe eOstreliya naseMntla Melika, zizibeka ngokweendidi ngolu hlobo:

• Amatyholo amade: Phakathi kwe-2 kunye ne-8 yeemitha, ziyakwazi ukuvalwa (i-70-100% i-cover yamagqabi), ivuleke, ikhuhle ide okanye ivule i-scrub emide (i-cover engaphantsi kwe-10%).
• Izihlahla eziphantsi okanye i-heathers: Ngaphantsi kweemitha ezi-2, zikwahlulahlulwe ngokwesigqubuthelo samagqabi, ukusuka kwindawo evaliweyo (exinene kakhulu) ukuya kwi-heath evulekileyo okanye ukuvula i-scrub ephantsi.

Ukukhathalelwa, ukugcinwa kunye nokuguquguquka

Imithi

Zifuna izithuba ezibanzi, ezinzulu, ezinomhlaba otsalwe kakuhle, otyebileyo wezondlo. Ukuthenwa ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwa ukususa amasebe afileyo, ukulawula ukumila kwawo, okanye ukuthintela imingcipheko. Zinovelwano kuqhaqho-fakelo, ingakumbi xa sele zikhulile, ngenxa yenkqubo yazo yeengcambu ezibanzi nezinzulu.

Shrubbery

Ngenxa yobukhulu bawo buncinci, banokukhuliswa kwi-flowerbeds, abatyali, okanye kwimihlaba embi. Ukuthenwa rhoqo kukhuthaza ukudubula kweentyatyambo kunye ne-branching, kwaye iintlobo ezininzi zinyamezela ukuthenwa okubukhali ukuze kuhlaziywe (ukuthenwa kwesiphunzi). Ngokuqhelekileyo baqhelana neentlobo zemihlaba kunye neemeko; ezinye ziyayinyamezela imbalela okanye umhlaba ombi.

Inqaku elidibeneyo:

Imithi enesondlo esisezantsi namatyholo: isikhokelo esipheleleyo kunye noluhlu lweentlobo ezomeleleyo

Izibonelelo zemithi kunye namatyholo kwi-ikhosistim

• Ukwanda kwezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyoZombini ezi ndidi zezityalo zibonelela ngekhusi, ukutya nendawo yokuhlala kwiintlobo ezininzi zezityalo.
• Ukuphucula umgangatho womoya kunye nomhlaba: Zihluza amasuntswana, zifunxa izinto ezingcolisayo kwaye zizinzise umhlaba.
• Intlalontle yabantuBanika umthunzi, ubuhle bembonakalo, kunye neendawo zokuphumla. Uphononongo oluninzi lubonise isiphumo esihle seendawo ezibekelwe umhlaba kwimpilo yengqondo.

Imithi namatyholo: iingcebiso zokukhetha igadi yakho

1. Chaza indawo ekhoyo: Qwalasela ubungakanani bomntu omdala weentlobo ezikhethiweyo.
2. Hlalutya imozulu kunye nodidi lomhlaba: Qhagamshelana neengcali zasekuhlaleni okanye iindawo zogcino-zilwanyana ukuze ubone ukuba zeziphi iintlobo ezikhula kakuhle kwindawo yakho.
3. Khetha ngokusekelwe kwinjongoNgomthunzi kunye nesakhiwo, khetha imithi. Kwiheji, imida, okanye umdla oqhubekayo wokubonwayo, amatyholo anezinto ezininzi.
4. Cinga ngesantya sokukhulaImithi ithanda ukukhula kancinci, kodwa iphila ixesha elide. Izihlahla zinika iziphumo ezikhawulezayo.
5. Hlanganisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo: Ukudityaniswa kwemithi namatyholo kuvelisa imihlaba ehambelanayo nesebenzayo.

Curiosities kunye neentlobo eziphawulekayo

• Ezinye iiconifers ezincinci okanye iintendelezo ezincinci zinokuthathwa njengezihlahla ngenxa yobude bazo obuphantsi, nangona ziqhelekile kwiintsapho zemithi.
• Izityalo ezininzi ezikhuliswe njengezihlahla zinokuthi, xa zithenwa, zifikelele ubude kunye nobukhulu bomthi omncinci.
• Iintlobo ezithile, njenge holly (Ilex aquifolium) okanye umthi wamaqunube (IArbutus unedo), ingenzeka kuzo zombini ubungakanani, kuxhomekeke kwiimeko kunye nonyango.

Ukwazi umahluko phakathi kwemithi kunye nezihlahlana kukuvumela ukuba usebenzise ngcono izibonelelo zabo, wenze ukhetho olufanelekileyo kwindawo nganye, kwaye ube negalelo kwibhalansi kunye nobuhle bendalo. Nokuba ujonge umthunzi, indawo yokuhlala yezilwanyana zasendle, imfihlo, okanye indawo eluhlaza enobuntu, imithi kunye nezihlahlana ziya kuba zizinto eziphambili kwigadi yakho kunye nembonakalo yomhlaba.