La strelitzia, ekwaziwa njenge "ntaka yeparadesi", sesinye sezona zityalo zithandekayo zangaphandle ngaphakathi kunye nasezigadini ngenxa yamagqabi ayo amangalisayo kunye neentyatyambo ezintle. Imvelaphi yayo eMzantsi Afrika inika ukuxhathisa okukhethekileyo, kodwa ikwafuna okuthile Unonophelo oluthile ukuqinisekisa ukukhula okugqibeleleyo, iintyatyambo kunye nempilo ekuhambeni kweminyaka.
Yintoni iStrelitzia kwaye kutheni uyikhetha?
La strelitzia Sisityalo esihlala ixesha elide se-herbaceous sosapho lweStrelitziaceae. Igama layo linika imbeko kuKumkanikazi uCharlotte waseMecklenburg-Strelitz, kwaye iye yaba luphawu lwe-exoticism kunye nobugocigoci kumakhaya nakwiigadi kwihlabathi liphela. Ilungele abo bafuna isityalo esibethayo, ubungakanani obukhulu kwaye kulula ukuyinyamekela.
- Iintyatyambo ezintle ezixelisa ukumila kwentaka engaqhelekanga.
- Amagqabi amakhulu luhlaza ngokunzulu ngombala, umkhonto okanye okumilise okwefeni, okuvusa imimandla yetropiki.
- Ukuhluka kwezinto: Ingakhuliswa ngaphakathi nangaphandle, kwaye kukho iintlobo ezifanelekileyo kwiimbiza okanye umhlaba.
- Ukuchasa: Inyamezela iimeko ezinomoya, ixesha elifutshane lembalela kwaye, ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo oluthile, ukunyamezela kwingqele.
Iintlobo eziphambili zeStrelitzia
Kukho iindidi ezininzi zolu didi, nganye kuzo inobukhulu obahlukileyo, iintyatyambo kunye nenkangeleko. Ezona zilinywayo kwaye zaziwayo zezi:
- IStrelitzia reginae: Ezona zidume kakhulu, kunye neentyantyambo ezinzulu ze-orange kunye ne-blue, ngokuqhelekileyo zincinci (ukuya kwi-1,8 m ngaphakathi).
- I-Strelitzia nicolai: Enkulu, ifikelela ngaphezulu kwe-6 m ngaphandle kwaye ukuya kuthi ga kwi-3 m ngaphakathi. Iintyatyambo zayo zimhlophe kwaye zibhlowu. Amagqabi awo afana nalawo omthi webhanana.
- Strelitzia augusta okanye alba: Ngokufana neyangaphambili, nayo inde kwaye ineentyatyambo ezimhlophe.
- IStrelitzia juncea: I-compact ngakumbi, enamagqabi amancinci, angama-cylindrical, ahlobisa kakhulu.
Ezi ntlobo zabelana ngezidingo ezininzi zokulima, kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi umahluko ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezingcono kwimeko nganye.
Iimfuno ezisisiseko zempumelelo ngeStrelitzia
Ukuze iStrelitzia ibonakale isempilweni kwaye intle, kubalulekile ukuseka ezinye iimeko zokukhula ezifanelekileyo:
- eLuzi: Ifuna ukukhanya okukhulu, okuqaqambileyo. Ngaphakathi, ifestile ejonge emazantsi okanye empuma yeyona ilungileyo, ukuthintela ilanga elitshisayo lasemini ngexesha lobushushu obuphezulu ukuthintela ukutshiswa lilanga.
- temperatura: Ikhetha indawo ezifudumeleyo, phakathi kwe 18 kunye ne 30°C. Ayikunyamezeli kakuhle ingqele eqhaqhazelisa amazinyo okanye iqabaka ixesha elide (iyakwazi ukumelana nokuhla kwamathuba ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2°C, kodwa ixeshana nje elifutshane).
- UkufumaNangona iyabunyamezela ukoma okulinganiselweyo, iyayixabisa imekobume efumileyo. Ukutshiza amagqabi kunye nokubeka imbiza kwitreyi yeengqalutye kunye namanzi kunceda ukuphucula ukufuma.
- I-Substrate kunye nomhlaba: Ikhetha imihlaba etyebileyo ngezinto eziphilayo, enzulu, enomoya owaneleyo, kunye nokuphuma kwamanzi okugqwesileyo. Imixube ye-universal substrate eneperlite kunye nesanti erhabaxa zilungele iimbiza.
Indawo efanelekileyo yeStrelitzia
Indawo echanekileyo ngundoqo kuphuhliso lwayo:
- Iindawo eziqaqambileyoI-Strelitzia idinga iiyure ezininzi zokukhanya ngemini, kwaye inokunyamezela ukukhanya kwelanga, kodwa kwiindawo ezishushu kakhulu, kusasa okanye ilanga elihluziweyo likhethwa ukukhusela amagqabi ekutshiseni.
- Gwema isithunzi: Ukunqongophala kokukhanya kunciphisa ukukhula kunye neentyantyambo, kubangele amaqabunga abuthathaka, angenambala.
- Iifestile ezinkulu:Ngaphakathi, indawo egqwesileyo ikufuphi neefestile eziqaqambileyo, kwiindawo ezinkulu, kuba ikhula kakhulu kubude nobubanzi.
- phandleKwigadi, khetha indawo ekhuselweyo kwimimoya ebhudla ngamandla. Nangona iStrelitzia inonyamezelo, iziphango ezinamandla zinokuwonakalisa amagqabi.
Umhlaba kunye nohlobo lwesubstrate yeStrelitzia
Umhlaba ofanelekileyo okanye i-substrate yi udongwe, uchumile kwaye ugalelwe amanziI-pH eneasidi kancinane (5,5 ukuya kwi-6,5) yeyona ifanelekileyo ekukhuleni kwezityalo. Ukulungiselela imbiza:
- I-80% ye-universal substrate, i-20% ye-perlite okanye isanti erhabaxa ukuze kungene umoya.
- Isiseko se udongwe olwandisiweyo ukwenza lula ukukhupha amanzi.
- Kuphephe ukugangatheka okanye ukukhupha amanzi ngendlela engafanelekanga, njengoko ukufumba kwamanzi kunokubangela ingcambu ukubola.
Kumhlaba ongaphandle, yongeza i-compost okanye iintshulube kwindawo yokutyala kwaye uqinisekise ukuba indawo ayigalelwa ngamanzi emva kwemvula.
Ukunkcenkceshela okufanelekileyo kweStrelitzia
Nangona sisityalo esomeleleyo, ukunkcenkceshela kufuneka kuhlengahlengiswe kwixesha lonyaka kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo:
- Intwasahlobo nehloboNkcenkceshela ngokumodareyitha kwaye rhoqo, ugcine i-substrate ifumile kancinci kodwa ingabi namanzi kakhulu. Vumela umaleko ophezulu ukuba wome ngaphambi kokuba unkcenkceshele kwakhona.
- Ekwindla nasebusika: Nciphisa ukunkcenkceshela kakhulu ukuphepha ukufuma okugqithisileyo. Jonga ukufuma komhlaba ngokufaka umnwe wakho ngeesentimitha ezimbalwa emhlabeni; amanzi kuphela ukuba yomile.
- Ngalo lonke ixesha kuphephe ukushiya amanzi kwisosara yembiza, ekubeni iingcambu zinokubola ngokulula.
- Tshiza amagqabi kwindawo ezomileyo (ukusetyenziswa kokufudumeza, ihlobo elibukhali) ukwandisa ukufuma.
Iimpawu zokunkcenkceshela ezingonelanga:
- Ukunqongophala kwamanzi: Amagqabi, abunile, okanye omile. Ukuba oku kuyaqhubeka, amagqabi aya koma ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukugqithisa kwamanziAmabala atyheli kunye nokuwa kwamagqabi. Ukuba oku kwenzeka, tshintsha i-substrate kwaye ususe amanzi amileyo.
Ubushushu obufanelekileyo kunye nokusingqongileyo
Uluhlu olufanelekileyo lobushushu luphakathi kwe-18°C ukuya kuma-30°C. Iyakwazi ukunyamezela ukuhla ngamaxesha athile ukuya kwi-2°C, kodwa ayisoze yande iqabaka. Ngaphantsi kwe-10°C, isityalo kufuneka sikhuseleke:
- NgaphandleKhusela kwiqabaka ngokugubungela ngengubo ye-thermal okanye ukuya kwi-greenhouse.
- Ngaphakathi: Zigcine kude kwiidrafti ezibandayo, vula iingcango kunye neefestile ebusika.
- Ukufuma: Nangona iyaziqhelanisa, iyayixabisa imekobume efumileyo. Ungasebenzisa izinto zokufuma okanye iitreyi ezinamanzi kunye neengqalutye.
Ukuchumisa nokuchumisa
Ukutya okunokulinganisela kukhuthaza ukukhula kunye neentyatyambo:
- Khulisa entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni rhoqo kwiiveki ezi-3-4 kunye nesichumisi solwelo jikelele kwizityalo eziluhlaza.
- Ngexesha lokungalali (ekwindla nasebusika), kungcono ukunqumamisa ukuchumisa.
- Sebenzisa izichumisi eziphilayo ezifana i-guano, i-worm humus okanye umgquba ophuma kwizilwanyana ezitya utyani ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwezityalo kunye nempilo jikelele.
- Hlonipha idosi ecetyiswayo ukuphepha ukuqokelelwa kwetyuwa enokonakalisa iingcambu.
Ukuthena nokugcina iStrelitzia
La strelitzia Ayifuni ukuthenwa, kodwa ifuna ukukhathalelwa ukugcina ubuhle bayo:
- Susa rhoqo amagqabi awomileyo okanye awonakele ngesikere esicocekileyo ukuthintela izifo kunye nokuphucula ukubonakala ngokubanzi.
- Susa iintyatyambo eziphelelweyo ukukhuthaza ezitsha ukuba zivele kwaye zigcine ukumila kwesityalo.
- Coca amagqabi ngelaphu elimanzi ukususa uthuli, ukukhuthaza photosynthesis kunye nokuthintela izinambuzane.
Ukutshintshwa kweStrelitzia
I-Strelitzia ikhetha ukubotshelelwa kwiingcambu kwaye ayifuni ukuphinda ifakwe kwakhona. I-repot kuphela xa iingcambu ziphuma kwimingxuma embizeni okanye isityalo siyeka ukukhula:
- Elona xesha lilungileyo: Entwasahlobo, xa ubushushu buthambile kwaye isityalo siqala ukukhula.
- Imbiza entsha: Ububanzi kuphela 4-5 cm enkulu kuneyangaphambili. Ububanzi obuninzi bunokubangela ukufuma okugqithisileyo kunye nokubola.
- Yongeza ihydrogranulate (udongwe olwandisiweyo) ezantsi ukuqinisekisa ukuthuthwa kwamanzi.
- Gcwalisa umxube we-universal substrate kunye ne-perlite, ubeke ngobumnene isityalo.
Emva kokutshintshwa, manzi kancinci kwaye ugweme ukuchumisa kwiiveki ezimbini zokuqala ukuphepha ukugxininisa iingcambu.
Ukuzala kunye nokusasazwa
La strelitzia Ngokuqhelekileyo iphindaphindwa ngokuhlukana kweerhizomes:
- Susa ngokucophelela isityalo ebhodweni kwaye uhlukanise i-rhizomes ngommese ococekileyo.
- Isiqwenga ngasinye kufuneka sibe nefeni enye ubuncinane yamagqabi kunye neengcambu zayo.
- Unokufaka isicelo incindi hormone ekusikeni ukukhuthaza ukukhula kweengcambu.
- Tyala isahlulo ngasinye kwiimbiza ezincinci, kunye ne-substrate ephezulu.
- Vumela ukusikwa kuphilise iintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokunkcenkceshela rhoqo.
Iintyatyambo zeStrelitzia: indlela yokufikelela kwiintyatyambo ezintle
La iintyatyambo Lo ngowona mtsalane uphambili weStrelitzia, kodwa ayizizo zonke iintlobo ezidubula ngokulinganayo ngaphakathi endlini. Gcina oku kulandelayo engqondweni:
- IStrelitzia reginae: Yeyona idubula ngokulula embizeni, ngakumbi ukuba inokukhanya okuninzi kunye nendawo.
- Strelitzia nicolai kunye no-augusta: Bathanda ukuchuma ngaphandle, kunye nendawo eyaneleyo kunye nokukhanya.
- Iintyatyambo zikholisa ukuvela ukusuka entlakohlaza ukuya phambili kwaye zinokuqhubeka kude kube sekwindla.
- Isityalo sifuna ukuvuthwa (iminyaka emininzi yobomi) kunye neemeko ezilungileyo ukuze sidubule kakhulu.
Izinambuzane eziqhelekileyo kunye nezifo zaseStrelitzia
I-Strelitzia yomelele, kodwa inokuchatshazelwa ziingxaki ezithile:
- ukubola kweengcambu: Kwenzeka ngenxa yamanzi amaninzi kunye nokungahambi kakuhle kwamanzi. Uyakuqaphela amagqabi atyheli kunye neengcambu ezimnyama okanye ezithambileyo. Isisombululo: Phucula amanzi kunye nokunciphisa ukunkcenkceshela.
- Amagqabi amaqabungaAmachokoza amdaka okanye amnyama emagqabini abangelwa ngumngundo. Susa amagqabi achaphazelekayo kwaye uphucule umoya.
- I-Mealybugs kunye nezigcawu ezibomvu: Zisuse ngesandla okanye usebenzise iimveliso ezithile ukuzilawula.
- Impukane emnyama: Idityaniswa nokufuma okugqithisileyo kwi-substrate. Vumela ukuba zome kancinci phakathi kokunkcenkceshela.
- intsholongwane ye-mosaic: Ukutyheli kunye nokukhubazeka kwamagqabi. Kule meko, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kususwe amagqabi achaphazelekayo ukukhusela usulelo.
Iingcebiso ezongezelelweyo zeStrelitzia emangalisayo
- Ukufudumeza isityalo xa sisuka kwi-nursery ukuya ngaphandle, ngokuthe ngcembe ebeka esichengeni kwiiyure ezininzi zokukhanya okuthe ngqo kwelanga ukuphepha ukutsha.
- Kulumkele uqhaqho-fakelo olungeyomfuneko: Isityalo siphinde sigaye kuphela xa sisifuna ngenxa yokuba ukukhula kuyekile okanye iingcambu ziphumile.
- Gcina kude kwiidrafti ezibandayo ebusika nakwimithombo yobushushu obuthe ngqo njengezifudumezi.
- Kwiigadi eziselunxwemeniI-Strelitzia iyanyamezela kwityuwa kunye nomoya, ifanelekile kwiindawo zaselwandle.
Ukusetyenziswa kokuhombisa kunye nokujonga umhlaba waseStrelitzia
- KwigadiI-Strelitzia ibalasele njengesityalo esigxile kakhulu ngenxa yobude bayo obumangalisayo kunye namagqabi. Ifanelekile ekudaleni iibhedi zeentyantyambo zetropikhi, iindawo zamadama agxininise, okanye iindawo zokungena.
- Kwi-terraces kunye ne-patios: Embizeni, idala iimeko ezingaqhelekanga neziluhlaza unyaka wonke.
- Ngaphakathi: Yongeza umnxeba ophucukileyo kumagumbi okuhlala, iiholo kunye neeofisi, ukubonelela ngokutsha kunye nokuqala.
- Kwintyatyambo esikiweyo: Iziqu zayo zomelele kakhulu, zilungele i-bouquets kunye nokulungiswa kweentyatyambo.
Idibanisa ngokugqibeleleyo nezinye izityalo zemozulu eshushu ezifana ne-Agapanthus, i-Pittosporus okanye i-Zamioculcas, ukudala izithuba ezihambelanayo kunye nokulula ukuzigcina.
Ngokhathalelo olufanelekileyo, iStrelitzia inokuba yikumkanikazi eluhlaza kwikhaya lakho okanye isitiya amashumi eminyaka, izisa ubuhle kunye nomoya ophucukileyo naphi na apho ikhule khona. Ngokuqwalaselwa okuncinci kukukhanya, ukunkcenkceshela, kunye nomhlaba, unokonwabela umboniso omangalisayo kwaye, ngethamsanqa, uyonwabele iintyatyambo eziya kuvuyisa bonke abathandi bezityalo ezingaqhelekanga.
