I-Magnolia: Isikhokelo sokuGqibela sokuKhathalela, iintlobo ngeentlobo, kunye neeNgcebiso eziSebenzayo

Magnolia: Ubuhle bamandulo kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo ezimangalisayo zeentlobo

I<em>magnolia yenye yeyona mithi inomtsalane kwaye ixatyiswayo kunye nezihlahla egadini, ezaziwa ngayo iintyatyambo ezintle kunye nokuziphatha kwabo okuhle. Ukusuka kwimpucuko yakudala ukuya kwigadi zanamhlanje, iimagnolias azizange ziyeke ukubamba ngombala wazo, ivumba elimnandi kunye nokomelela. Imvelaphi yabo ikude, kwaye zibhekwa njengezityalo zamandulo ezazikho nangaphambi kokubonakala kweenyosi, yingakho ezininzi zeentlobo zazo zihlanjululwa ngamabhungane.

Ehlabathini kukho ngaphezu kwama-200 eentlobo ezahlukeneyo I-Magnolia, eneentlobo ezilungelelaniswe kulo naluphi na uhlobo lwegadi: ukusuka kwimizekelo emikhulu elawula umhlaba ukuya kwizihlahla ezixineneyo ezifanelekileyo kwiindawo ezincinci kunye nezikhongozeli. Ukwahluka kwabo abukho kuphela kubungakanani babo, kodwa nakwimibala emininzi yeentyatyambo zabo, ukusuka kumhlophe ococekileyo ukuya kumthunzi opinki, omfusa, omthubi kunye nokhilimu.

Iimpawu kunye neentlobo ze-magnolia

I-Magnolias yahlulwe kakhulu amaqela amabini amakhulu: i-evergreen kunye ne-deciduous, nganye ineempawu ezizodwa kunye nezinto ezikhulayo ezikhulayo. Ngezantsi zezona ntlobo zidumileyo kunye neempawu zazo ezithile:

• IMagnolia grandiflora: Umthi ohlala uluhlaza ovela kuMntla Melika, owaziwa kakhulu ngeentyantyambo zawo ezinkulu ezimhlophe (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30 cm ububanzi) kunye namagqabi acwebezelayo, aluthwathwa. Inokufikelela kubude obunomtsalane kwaye iphawuleka ngevumba layo eligqumayo.
• UMagnolia soulangeana: I-Deciduous kunye ne-shruby okanye ifana nomthi, ivelisa iintyatyambo ezinkulu kwimithunzi ukusuka kwipinki ukuya kwimfusa ekhanyayo. Yenye yezona ntlobo zemixube ezityalwa kakhulu kwiigadi zasezidolophini.
• IMagnolia stellataNgemilo ebambeneyo kunye neentyatyambo ezimile okwenkwenkwezi, ilungele izithuba ezincinci kunye nokulinywa kweembiza. Iintyatyambo zayo zihlala zimhlophe kwaye zinevumba elimnandi.
• IMagnolia liliiflora: Ibalasele ngeentyatyambo zayo ezifana nenyibiba, imfusa ngaphandle ize ibe mhlophe-pinki ngaphakathi. Iyavuthuluka kwaye idubula ekuqaleni kwentlakohlaza.
• IMagnolia kobus: Yinzalelwane yaseJapan, iyavuthuluka kwaye ibonisa iintyatyambo ezimhlophe ezinevumba elithambileyo ezichaza ukuphela kobusika.
• Hybrid magnoliasZininzi iindidi ezifunyenwe ngokudityaniswa, ezifana ne 'Pinkie', ebonelela ngeentyatyambo ezipinki kwizihlahla ezixineneyo, okanye 'uMargaret Helen', omkhulu kwaye oneentyantyambo ezipinki ezipinki.

Ukongeza kule mizekelo, kukho ezinye i-magnolias ezininzi ezilungelelaniswe kwiimozulu ezahlukeneyo kunye neemfuno, ngaloo ndlela zibonisa ubutyebi beli genus yebhotani.

Iintyatyambo kunye nokwahlukana kombala we-magnolias

Ixesha kunye nombala weentyatyambo ziyahluka ngokweentlobo. Abanye, abanjengoM. stellata kunye noM. soulangeana, bavula iintyatyambo zabo ekupheleni kobusika okanye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, nangaphambi kokuba amagqabi avele. Ezinye, ezinje ngeMagnolia grandiflora, zidubula kulo lonke ihlobo, zizalise igadi iintyatyambo ezinevumba elimnandi Enkulu ngobukhulu. Iphalethi yombala isuka kumhlophe qwa, ukhrimu, kunye notyheli ukuya kwiipinki ezinzulu, ezimfusa, kunye neethoni ezibomvu, ezivumela indibaniselwano ebonakalayo ebonakalayo kumhlaba.

Le yantlukwano yeentlobo kunye nemibala ithetha ukuba kuhlala kukho uhlobo olugqibeleleyo lwemagnolia kuyo yonke indawo kunye nencasa yomntu.

Ukukhetha i-magnolia efanelekileyo kwigadi yakho

Ukukhetha i-magnolia efanelekileyo kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ukuba ziqwalaselwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulima okuphumelelayo kunye nokonwabela iintyatyambo ezintle iminyaka:

1. Ubungakanani kunye nendawo ekhoyo: Ezinye iimagnolias, ezifana ne I-magnolia egayiweyo, zifanelekile kwiindawo ezincinci okanye i-terraces. Kuba iigadi ezinkulu, iintlobo ezifana magnolia enkulu Banikela ubukho obumangalisayo.
2. Imozulu kunye nokuxhathisaKubalulekile ukuphanda ukuba zeziphi iintlobo ezizifaneleyo iimeko zendawo eziza kutyalwa kuyo. Umzekelo, iMagnolia grandiflora inyamezela kakuhle imozulu eshushu, ngelixa iMagnolia stellata ixhathisa kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi.
3. Uhlobo lomhlabaI-Magnolias ikhetha umhlaba oneasidi kancinane, okhululekileyo otyebileyo kwizinto eziphilayo. Ziyachuma kumhlaba onecalcareous kakhulu okanye oxineneyo.
4. Ukhetho lweentyatyambo: Ukhetho lunokuxhomekeka kwixesha lonyaka apho unqwenela ukonwabela iintyatyambo kunye nokhetho lwakho lombala.

Ukubonisana neengcali zengingqi kunye neendawo ezigcina abantwana ezikhethekileyo kunokuba luncedo kakhulu ekukhetheni ezona ntlobo zifanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho kunye neemeko ezithile.

Ungatyala phi umthi we-magnolia?

Indawo ibalulekile kuphuhliso olululo lwemagnolia. Fumana indawo iphangalele, iqaqambile kwaye ikhuselwe emoyeni. Iintyatyambo kunye namasebe amancinci ayakwazi ukuvakalelwa kwimimoya enamandla, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba abekwe kufuphi neendonga, i-hedges, okanye kwiikona ezikhuselekileyo. Qinisekisa ukuba bafumana ubuncinane Iiyure ezi-4 ukuya kwezisi-6 zokukhanya kwelanga ngqo ngosuku, nangona i-magnolias inokuphinda iphumelele kwi-semi-shade, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezishushu kakhulu apho baya kuxabisa umthunzi othile ngexesha leeyure eziphambili zosuku.

Uninzi lweemagnolia zineengcambu nzulu, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuphepha ukutyala ezinye iintlobo ezikufutshane kakhulu kwaye uzame ukunganyatheli okanye ukuwusebenza kakhulu umhlaba ojikeleze iingcambu zazo, njengoko zingakunyamezeli kakuhle ukuphazamiseka rhoqo.

Nini kwaye njani ukutyala i-magnolia?

Elona xesha lilungileyo lokutyala i-magnolia ekupheleni kokwindla okanye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, xa umhlaba ushushu kwaye akukho mngcipheko weqabaka egqithisileyo okanye ubushushu obugqithisileyo. Ukutshintshela phakathi kwala maxesha onyaka kuququzelela iingcambu kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwesityalo.

1. Ukulungiswa komhlaba: Qinisekisa ukuba umgangatho unjalo i-acidic kancinane, ikhutshwe kakuhle kwaye ityetyiswe ngezinto eziphilayo njenge-compost. Ukuba umhlaba unodongwe kakhulu, phucula ukuthungwa ngokufaka isanti okanye i-peat.
2. Umngxuma wokutyala: Yomba umngxuma ubuncinci ngokuphindwe kabini ububanzi njengebhola yengcambu ye magnolia kwaye ubunzulu okanye ubunzulu kancinci.
3. UkubekwaBeka ingcambu yeengcambu ukuze ilingane nomhlaba oyingqongileyo. Gcwalisa, ucinezele kancinci umhlaba ukuthintela iipokotho zomoya, kwaye unkcenkceshele kakuhle emva kokutyala.
4. Ukudibanisa: Yongeza uluhlu lwe-mulch ye-organic (amagqabi omileyo, i-pine bark) phezu kwesiseko ukugcina umswakama, ukukhusela iingcambu kunye nokugcina ukushisa.

Ukunkcenkceshela kunye nokuchumisa umthi we-magnolia

Kwiminyaka yokuqala, ukunkcenkceshela kufuneka kube rhoqo kwaye zininzi ngaphandle kokugcwala kwamanziIingcambu ze-Magnolia zivakalelwa kukufuma okugqithisileyo kwaye zinokubola ukuba kukho amanzi amileyo, ngoko ke amanzi abalulekile. Njengoko umthi ukhula, iimfuno zawo zamanzi ziyancipha, kodwa ngexesha lembalela ende, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokugcina i-substrate ifumile.

Ukuchumisa kukwabalulekile ekukhuleni okukuko kunye nokudumba kweentyatyambo. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kucetyiswa ukuba ungeze izichumisi eziphilayo ezityebileyo nitrogen kunye micronutrientsGwema izichumisi zamaminerali ezigqithisileyo kwaye ukhethe umquba, i-humus, okanye iifomyula ezithile zezityalo ezithanda i-asidi.

Ukukhanya kunye nemozulu: ukhetho kunye nokuchasana

Imagnolia ikhetha ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo okanye, kwiindawo ezishushu, indawo ene-semi-shaded, ngakumbi ngeeyure ezishushu kakhulu zemini. Luhlobo olunyamezela amaqondo obushushu aphantsi ngokwentelekiso, kwaye iintlobo ezininzi ziyakwazi ukumelana neeqabaka ezikhanyayo, nangona iintyatyambo zingonakaliswa yiqabaka emva kwexesha entlakohlaza.

Kwiindawo ezinemozulu embi kakhulu, zikhona nzalo Iphuhliswe ukuphucula ukumelana nokubanda kunye nobushushu. Qhagamshelana neziko lakho legadi lendawo yakho ngeentlobo ezifanelekileyo kakhulu kwindawo yakho.

Ukuthenwa kweMagnolia: nini kwaye njani ukwenza oko?

Imagnolia ngumthi lowo ayifuni ukuthenwa rhoqo. Kuyimfuneko kuphela ukususa amasebe awomileyo, awonakele, anesifo, okanye angahambi kakuhle ukuze kugcinwe ukubonakala okunempilo kunye nesakhiwo esilungeleleneyo. Ukuba unqwenela ukulawula ubungakanani okanye ubume bomzekelo, yenza njalo emva kweentyantyambo, ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo okanye ekuqaleni kwehlobo, ukuphepha ukulahlekelwa kweentyatyambo kwixesha elilandelayo. Sebenzisa rhoqo izixhobo ezicocekileyo, ezibukhali ukuphepha ukwenzakala kunye nokusasazwa kwezifo.

Ukusasazwa kweMagnolia: imbewu, ukusika, kunye nokwaleka

Ukuveliswa kweMagnolia kunokwenziwa, nangona ngomonde othile, ngo imbewu, ukusikwa okanye ukwalekaUkusasazwa ngembewu yinkqubo ecothayo, njengoko kungathatha iminyaka emininzi ukuba isityalo siqalise ukudubula. Ukusikwa kunye nokwaleka kuvumela imizekelo efanayo kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokulinganisa, nangona zifuna amava athile ukuze kuphunyezwe i-rooting.

• Imbewu: Ziqokelele kwiziqhamo ezivuthiweyo, zicoce kwaye wenze i-stratification ebandayo phambi kokuba uyihlwayele entlakohlaza.
• Ukusika: Sebenzisa amasebe amancinci aphantse abe ngumthi kwaye uwabeke kwindawo emanzi de abe neengcambu.
• UlwahlulweGoba isebe eliphantsi uze ulingcwabe ngokuyinxenye. Nje ukuba iingcambu, yahlula isampuli entsha.

Iingxaki zeMagnolia kunye nenkathalo ekhethekileyo

Umthi we-magnolia ngokubanzi ukumelana nezinambuzane kunye nezifo, ngokuyinxenye kungenxa yokuba iindlela zazo zamandulo zabakho ngaphambi kokufika kwezinambuzane ezininzi ezisasaza ipoleni. Nangona kunjalo, phantsi kweemeko ezingathandekiyo, iingxaki ezithile zinokuvela:

• Iintyatyambo ezitshiswe yiqabakaUkuba kukho umngcipheko weqabaka kade, khusela umthi ngelaphu elimelana neqabaka.
• IChlorosisKwimihlaba ene-calcareous, banokufumana i-chlorosis (amagqabi atyheli anemithambo eluhlaza) ngenxa yokunqongophala kwentsimbi. Faka i-iron chelates kwaye ulungise umhlaba pH.
• Iingcambu ezonakalisiweyo: Kuphephe ukusebenza kunye nokunyathela emhlabeni kufutshane nesiqu.
• Ukuhlaselwa kwe Aphid okanye mealybug: Ayiqhelekanga, kodwa inokulawulwa ngezinambuzane zendalo ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Intsingiselo kunye nesimboli sentyatyambo ye-magnolia

I-magnolia luphawu lwe ubunyulu, ubuhandiba, amandla kunye nokunyamezelaKwiinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo inxulunyaniswa ne ubuhle kunye nesidima sobufazi, ukulingana, ubomi obude, kunye nokomelela. Ngenxa yobude obude kunye namandla, ukutshala i-magnolia kwigadi idla ngokubonwa njengento yokuzibophezela ekuzinzeni nasekuhleni okungunaphakade.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo malunga neMagnolias

• Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba umthi we-magnolia ukhule kwaye utyatyambe? Ukukhula kweMagnolia ngokuqhelekileyo kucotha. Iisampulu ezincinci zingadubula emva koko I-3 ukuya kwi-5 iminyaka, ngelixa ezinkulu zinokuthatha iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi ukufikelela kobona bukhulu nokudubula kweentyatyambo.
• Zingaphi iindidi ezikhoyo? Kukho okuninzi Iindidi ezingama-200, kunye nee-hybrids ezininzi ezineempawu eziphuculweyo zombala, ubungakanani kunye nokumelana.
• Nguwuphi umahluko phakathi kwe-magnolia kunye ne-magnolia? Enyanisweni, akukho mahluko onjalo: i-magnolia yenye indlela yokubiza izityalo ze-genus Magnolia.
• Zidubula nini? Konke kuxhomekeke kwiindidi, kodwa ezininzi ziqhakaza phakathi kobusika ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo. Ezinye, njenge magnolia grandiflora, zinokuqhakaza ehlotyeni.
• Zinokuba yintoni imibala yeentyatyambo zabo? Emhlophe, epinki, emfusa, etyheli kunye nekhilimu, enobunzima obuhlukeneyo kunye ne-shades ngokuxhomekeke kwiintlobo kunye ne-cultivar.

Umthi we-magnolia, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, ungumlingane omangalisayo kuyo nayiphi na indawo eluhlaza. Ngombulelo kwiindidi ezininzi zeentlobo kunye noluhlu lwazo olumangalisayo lwemibala, ubungakanani, kunye nokuqina, kuhlala kunokwenzeka ukufumana i-magnolia ehambelana neemfuno zakho. Ukhathalelo lwayo, nangona lulula, lufuna ingqwalasela rhoqo kwimiba enjengendawo, ukunkcenkceshela, kunye nokwakheka komhlaba, ngaloo ndlela iqinisekisa ukukhula okunamandla kunye neentyatyambo ezizisa ubuhle kunye nokwahluka kwigadi yakho okanye iterrace unyaka nonyaka.