umthi wejupiter, ngokwenzululwazi eyaziwa njenge Lagerstroemia inkomba, yenye yezona ntlobo zehombisi zixatyiswayo kwizitiya namathafa ngenxa yeentyatyambo zayo ezintle, ukuqina kwayo, kunye neentlobo-ntlobo ezinomtsalane zemibala ezizinikezayo. Nangona kunjalo, nangona ihlala ibalasele kwiipaki kunye neendlela, ukukhula komthi weJupiter embizeni kusebenza ngokugqibeleleyo kwaye kunokongeza uchuku olwahlukileyo noludlamkileyo kwiipatios, iibhalkhoni, okanye iitesi. Inokugcinwa njengebhonsai okanye umthi omncinci, ukulungelelaniswa neendawo ezincinci okanye kwangaphakathi okuqaqambileyo.
Iimpawu zomthi weJupiter: ubuhle kunye nokuguquguquka
Lagerstroemia indica, okanye umthi Jupiter, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-Indian lilac, i-crepe, okanye i-foam lilac, kuxhomekeke kummandla. Ivela eTshayina naseJapan, nangona ngoku ifumaneka kwindalo eninzi yaseAsia naseYurophu ngenxa yokuqina kwayo kunye nexabiso lokuhombisa. Inokufikelela phakathi kwe-3 kunye ne-10 yeemitha ukuphakama (emhlabeni), kodwa embizeni idla ngokuhlala ixinene ngakumbi, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukulawula nokuziqhelanisa neendawo ezincinci.
Olona phawu luhluke kakhulu kolu hlobo lulo iintyatyambo ezininzi, ezidityaniswe ngokwe panicles nkqo kwaye inokuba ye obomvu, omhlophe, omfusa, opinki okanye o-lilacAmagqabi ayo anembonakalo egobileyo ekhumbuza iphepha le-crepe, kungoko elinye lamagama eelwimi zawo zomthonyama. Iintyatyambo zenzeka phakathi kwentwasahlobo kunye nehlobo kwaye zingahlala kude kube ekwindla kwimozulu eshushu. Emva kokutyatyamba, ivelisa iziqhamo ezimile okwe-capsule ezinembewu ezixatyisiweyo ngokuphindaphinda kwayo.
Amagqabi omthi weJupiter nawo afanele ukunconywa: amagqabi amancinci phakathi kwe-2 kunye ne-6 yeesentimitha ubude, umnyama omnyama, oluhlaza okoko, ngokufika kwekwindla, ijika i-orenji, i-yellow, i-reddish okanye ithoni ezimfusa, inika i-chromatic spectacle eyongezelelweyo. isiqu sigudile, sinexolo elikhanyayo ephuma ngemicu ebonisa iipateni zokuhombisa kakhulu ezingaqhelekanga, ingakumbi ebusika xa ilahlekelwa ngamagqabi ayo.
Sisityalo esikhula ngokukhawuleza kwiminyaka yaso yokuqala, siphuhlisa isithsaba esingqukuva, esinegatsha ukusuka kwisiseko. Ubomi bayo buhlala buphakathi kwama-40 kunye nama-60 eminyaka, nangona iminyaka yokuqala eyi-10 ibalulekile kuphuhliso lwayo olupheleleyo.
Izinto eziluncedo kunye nezinto ezinomdla womthi weJupiter oyimbiza
- Ukulungelelaniswa kwiindawo ezincinci: Ingakhuliswa njenge-specimen ephantsi, ibhonsai okanye i-shrub, ilungele i-terraces, i-patios kunye neebhalkhoni.
- Ubuncinci besondlo: Nangona ubukhulu bayo bulawulwa ngokulula ngokusika, ukuphuhliswa kwayo kunye neentyantyambo akuhlwahlwanga kwiimbiza ukuba ukunakekelwa kunye ne-substrate yanele.
- Ukunyamezela ungcoliseko: Sisityalo esixhathisa kakhulu kwimo engqongileyo yasezidolophini kwaye siyakwazi ukuhombisa imimandla yasezidolophini nangaphandle kwedolophu ngaphandle kweengxaki.
- Ihlala ixesha elide kunye nentyatyambo eqaqambileyo: Iyakwazi ukudubula kwiinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5 ngexesha, ibe yindawo ebonwayo kuyo nayiphi na indawo yangaphandle.
Ukhathalelo olubalulekileyo lomthi weJupiter embizeni
Ukonwabela umthi weJupiter osempilweni, onamandla, kunye neentyatyambo kwimbiza, kubalulekile ukunikela ingqalelo kwizinto ezininzi eziphembelela ukukhula kwawo kunye neentyatyambo. Apha ngezantsi kukho iingcebiso eziphambili zokukhathalela ukuyigcina isencotsheni yayo:
Indawo, ukukhanya kunye nobushushu
Indawo ibalulekile kwimpumelelo ye Lagerstroemia indica kwiimbiza. Olu luhlobo idinga ukukhanya kwelanga okuninzi, ngokukhethekileyo kwilanga elithe ngqo ubuncinane iiyure ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-8 yonke imihla. Ekukhanyeni okuphantsi okanye emthunzini, iintyatyambo ziyancipha kakhulu okanye zingenakwenzeka kwaphela. Ngaphaya koko, ukungangeni komoya kakuhle kunye nokufuma okugqithisileyo kukhuthaza uphuhliso lwezifo zokungunda ezifana ne powdery mildew.
Ubushushu obufanelekileyo bomthi weJupiter bufudumele, nangona kunjalo inyamezela ingqele kakuhle kunye neeqabaka ezithile (iyakwazi ukumelana namaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kwe-10°C, nangona imizekelo emincinci ifanele ukukhuselwa kwiimeko zemozulu ezinzima). Inyamezela kakuhle ubushushu, kodwa kwiindawo apho amaqondo obushushu ahlala edlula i-38°C, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ayikhusele ngexesha lexesha eliphakathi kwemini ukuthintela uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo kunye nokutsha kwamagqabi okunokwenzeka.
Ngexesha lasebusika, ingena kwixesha lokungalali, ilahlekelwe ngamagqabi kwaye iveze uphawu lwayo lwe-variegated trunk. Ukuba ibekwe kwindawo ebanda kakhulu, yinto efanelekileyo ukukhusela ibhodwe ngezinto zokukhusela okanye ukuyihambisa kwindawo ekhuselekileyo ukuze ugweme umonakalo kwiqabaka enzima kwiminyaka embalwa yokuqala.
I-Substrate kunye nembiza: isiseko sempumelelo
I-substrate kunye nohlobo lwembiza nefuthe ngqo kwimpilo yomthi Jupiter. Ifuna a umhlaba oneasidi kancinane (pH phakathi kwe-5.5 kunye ne-6.5), ichumile, kunye ne-drainage egqwesileyo. Unokuxuba i-substrate yendalo yonke ene-acidic kancinane kunye nemathiriyeli efana ne-perlite, i-vermiculite, okanye isanti erhabaxa ukuphucula i-aeration kunye nokuthintela ukugcwala kwamanzi. Ukongeza izinto eziphilayo ezifana ne-compost okanye i-worm castings kwandisa ukuchuma kwaye kukhuthaza ukukhula kweengcambu.
Ngokuphathelele imbiza, khetha izikhongozeli ze udongwe olungapeyintwangaOlu hlobo lwezinto eziphathekayo lunceda ukulawula umswakama, ukuvumela i-substrate ukuba iphefumle kwaye ikhusele amanzi angaphezulu, enye yeentshaba ezinkulu zolu hlobo. Kufuneka ibe nemingxuma eyaneleyo yokukhupha amanzi ukuthintela ukuba amanzi angaqokeleli emazantsi.
Ukutshintshwa kunye nokubuyisela kwakhona, yenza njalo ekupheleni kwebusika okanye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuphuka kwe-bud. Ukuba umthi sele uqhakazile okanye malunga nokuqhakaza, kungcono ukulinda ukunqanda uxinzelelo kunye neentyatyambo okanye ukuhla kweqabunga.
Ukunkcenkceshela: amaxesha amaninzi kunye nomgangatho wamanzi
Ukunkcenkceshela umthi weJupiter owenziwe ngeembiza kufuna rhoqo kunye nokuqwalaselwa. Nangona ikwazi ukunyamezela amaxesha amafutshane embalela, ukugcina isubstrate efumileyo (kodwa ingabi namanzi) ngexesha lasentlakohlaza nasehlotyeni ngundoqo ekudubuleni ngamandla. Kwiinyanga ezifudumeleyo, ukunkcenkceshela kufanelekile kabini ukuya kathathu ngeveki, usoloko ujonga ukuba umgangatho ophezulu womhlaba womile ngaphambi kokuba unkcenkceshe kwakhona. Ekwindla nasebusika, nciphisa ukuxhaphaka kube kanye ngeveki okanye ngaphantsi, uhlengahlengiso ngokwemvula kunye nobushushu bendawo.
Un Iinkcukacha ezingundoqo ngumgangatho wamanziSebenzisa amanzi ane-calcium ephantsi ukukhusela ityuwa kunye ne-chlorosis emagqabini. Ukuba amanzi kwindawo yakho anzima kakhulu, unokukhetha ukuqokelela amanzi emvula okanye uwafake iasidi kancinane ngamathontsi ambalwa eviniga okanye i-citric acid, ingakumbi ukuba umthi unamagqabi atyheli.
Kwiminyaka emibini yokuqala emva kokutyala, izityalo ezincinci zifuna ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo ukukhuthaza ukuhluma kunye nokuziqhelanisa nembiza. Ngokutsho kwamava abalimi kunye neengcali, ukunkcenkceshela ngenye yeengxaki eziqhelekileyo ngezityalo ezifakwe emanzini: kusoloko kungcono ukuba ngaphantsi kwamanzi ngaphezu kwamanzi ukukhusela ukukhula kwefungal kunye nokubola kweengcambu.
Ukuchumisa kunye nomgquba
Ukuchumisa kubalulekile ngexesha lokukhula. (intwasahlobo nehlobo), njengoko kulapho umthi weJupiter ufuna ezona zondlo ukuze udubule kwaye ukhule ngokusempilweni. Sebenzisa a isichumisi esikhethekileyo sezityalo ezidubulayo, ebonelela nge-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, i-potassium, kunye ne-trace elements. Elona xesha lifanelekileyo liziiveki ezi-2 okanye ezi-3 emva kokuba ukudubula kuqalile kwaye kude kuphele iintyatyambo.
Kwimithi yeembiza, kungcono ukusebenzisa idosi ecetyiswayo yomenzi okanye unciphise kancinci ukunqanda ukwakheka kwetyuwa kwi-substrate. Izichumisi ze-organic ezikhutshwa kancinci, ezinje nge-worm castings okanye i-compost enegranulated, ziinketho ezifanelekileyo eziphucula i-substrate kwixesha eliphakathi kwaye zikhuthaze ukufunxa izondlo.
Gwema ukuchumisa ngexesha lekwindla nasebusika, njengoko umthi ulele kwaye izondlo ezigqithisileyo zingakhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kwezinambuzane okanye i-fungi.
Ukuthenwa: kwenziwa nini kwaye njani
Ukuthena umthi weJupiter oyimbiza ngundoqo ekugcineni imilo yawo efanelekileyo kunye nobukhulu. Ekubeni isithuba sinqongophele, kubalulekile ukuthenwa ngendlela eyakhayo kwasebuncinaneni ukuze kuchazwe ubume bomthi kunye nokuthintela ukukhula okungalawulekiyo. Elona xesha lilungileyo lokuthena ku ekupheleni kobusika okanye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukuhluma; oku kususa amasebe awomileyo, awonakeleyo, okanye anqamlezileyo kwaye kukhuthaza ukuveliswa kwamasebe neentyatyambo ezintsha.
La ukuthenwa kokugcinwa Ukuthena kungenziwa kancinci unyaka wonke ukususa iintyatyambo ezomisiweyo kunye nokulawula inkangeleko yomthi ngokubanzi. Ukuba uceba ukuyikhulisa njengebhonsai okanye uyigcine incinci, ukuthena kufuneka kube rhoqo kwaye kuchaneke.
Susa ama-suckers (amahlumela avela kwisiseko) kwaye, ukuba ufuna i-canopy ende, susa amasebe asezantsi. Ukuba ukhetha isihlahla esinamatyholo, khuthaza i-lateral branching. Ukuthenwa ngokufanelekileyo kuya kwandisa iintyatyambo kwaye kuthintele ukungalingani ebhodweni.
Izinambuzane eziqhelekileyo kunye nezifo
Umthi weJupiter oyimbiza womelele, kodwa unokuchatshazelwa zizinambuzane kunye nokungunda., ngakumbi ukuba iimeko zokusingqongileyo azilunganga. Izoyikiso eziphambili ziquka:
- Izinambuzane ezifunxayo: Iintwala kunye ne-mealybugs zihlala zihlasela amahlumela athambileyo kunye namagqabi amancinci. Kubalulekile ukuzibona kwangethuba kwaye uzinyange ngezibulali zinambuzane okanye iisepha ze potassium.
- Ubumuncu bolusu: Esi sifo sokungunda sibonakala njengomgubo omhlophe emagqabini nakwihlumela. Idla ngokuvela kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo nezifumileyo okanye xa umoya ungekho mgangathweni. Ukuyilawula, phucula umoya, kuphephe ukunkcenkceshela phezulu emagqabini, kwaye ugalele imichiza yokungunda ukuba kuyimfuneko.
- Cercospore: Umngundo obangela amachokoza amagqabi, othandwa kukufuma kunye nokungangeni komoya kakuhle.
Olona thintelo lungcono kukugcina iimeko zokukhula ezifanelekileyo: ukukhanya okulungileyo, ukungena komoya, ukukhupha amanzi, kunye nokuphepha ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo. Umthi onempilo uhlala uxhathisa izinambuzane kunye nezifo.
Ukuphindaphinda kunye nokusasazwa komthi weJupiter
Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokuphindaphinda umthi weJupiter:
- Ngembewu: Emva kweentyantyambo, iziqhamo zivelisa imbewu enokuthi iqokelelwe kwaye ihlwayelwe entwasahlobo. Zifuna i-substrate ekhululekile, emanzi kunye nokufudumala ukuze zihlume. Ukuntshula kunokuthatha iiveki ezininzi, kwaye uphuhliso lokuqala lucotha; izityalo ezifunyenwe kwimbewu zinokuthatha ngaphezulu kweminyaka emihlanu ukudubula.
- Ukwenzela ukusikwa: Thatha isemi-hardwood ukusikwa malunga neesentimitha ezingama-20 ubude ehlotyeni. Susa amaninzi amaqabunga, ushiye ezimbini okanye ezintathu kuphela phezulu, kwaye usebenzise i-hormone ye-rooting kwisiseko sokusika ukukhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kweengcambu. Tyala ama-cuttings kumhlaba omanzi kwaye uwabeke kwindawo efudumeleyo, eqaqambileyo. Kufuneka baqale ukuntshula kwiiveki ezimbalwa.
Zombini ezi ndlela ziyasebenza, nangona ukusasazwa ngokusikwa kudla ngokukhawuleza kwaye kunokwethenjelwa ngakumbi ukuba unempilo, imizekelo yabantu abadala. Khumbula ukuba umonde ubalulekile, njengoko olu hlobo lunokuthatha iminyaka emininzi ukufikelela kwisakhono saso esipheleleyo.
