Yintoni Inkumbi Emnyama?
IAcacia emnyama Ligama eliqhelekileyo elisetyenziselwa ukubhekisa kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zodidi Acacia kunye nezinye iintlobo ezinxulumene, ezifana IGleditsia triacanthosZimbini iintlobo ezibalaseleyo: IAcacia melanoxylon (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-blackwood acacia okanye i-lagoon-scented mimosa) kunye IGleditsia triacanthos (ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-acacia ene-spinned triple). Zombini zineempawu ezithile zebhotani kunye neemfuno zokulima, nangona zabelana ngeempawu ezithile kunye nokusetyenziswa.
La IAcacia melanoxylon Yeyosapho lweFabaceae kwaye inzalelwane ikakhulu empuma yeOstreliya naseTasmania. Ibonwa ngokukhula kwayo ngokukhawuleza, amagqabi aluhlaza, kunye neentyatyambo ezimthubi ezingqukuva. IGleditsia triacanthos Isuka kumbindi-mpuma woMntla Melika kwaye iye yenziwa ngokwendalo kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yehlabathi ngenxa yokuguquguquka kunye nokuxhathisa.
Iimpawu zeBotanical zeNkumbi eziMnyama
La IAcacia melanoxylon Ngumthi ohlala uluhlaza onokwakheka okuthe nkqo kunye nesithsaba esisisicylindrical okanye sepyramidal. Kwimiyezo inokufikelela ukuphakama ukuya kwi-15 yeemitha, nangona kwindawo yayo yendalo inokugqithisa i-30 yeemitha. Amahlamvu awo amancinci akhiwa ngamagqabi e-bipinnate, kwaye xa ekhulile, ayakhula iiphyllodes: iipetioles ezicandiweyo zombala omnyama oluhlaza okanye ongwevu othatha indawo yamagqabi okwenyaniso kwaye uzalisekise umsebenzi we-chlorophyll.
I-globular, iintyatyambo ezimthubi ezimthubi zivela ekupheleni kobusika ukuya phakathi kwentwasahlobo, idala ukungafani okukhangayo kunye namahlamvu amnyama. Iziqhamo zibomvu okanye i-golden-brown pods, eziphothiweyo kwaye zincinci kune-phyllodes, equkethe imbewu emnyama 2-3 mm ubude.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, IGleditsia triacanthos Ngumthi okhula ngokukhawuleza, onamagqabi avuthulukayo nonocantsi olubanzi, olugqagqeneyo. Ibonakala ngameva anamagatsha kwisiqu kunye namasebe, nangona kukho iindidi ezingenasiphelo. Amaqabunga ayo anokuba yi-pinnate okanye i-bipinnate kunye namaqabunga amancinci, ama-lanceolate.
Ubume obufanelekileyo kunye noMboniso
La umnyama omnyama iqhuba kakuhle kakhulu ukuchatshazelwa lilanga elipheleleyo kunye nemozulu epholileyo, ngakumbi ezo zodidi lweMeditera. Khetha ukuyibeka kwiindawo ezivulekileyo, kude nezakhiwo, ngenxa yenkqubo yayo yeengcambu engaphezulu kunye ebanzi enokuphazamisa izakhiwo ezikufutshane.
Ngelixa iifayile ze IAcacia melanoxylon Inyamezela kakuhle imekobume epholileyo kwaye inokumelana neeqabaka ezikhanyayo xa sele zisekiwe, ezinye iintlobo ezifuywayo, ezifana IGleditsia triacanthosZiyakwazi ukumelana nengqele, imbalela kunye netyuwa. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhusela izityalo ezincinci kwiqabaka emva kwexesha kunye nemimoya ebandayo, njengoko oku kunokonakalisa amasebe kunye namahlamvu athambileyo.
Iimfuno zomhlaba
La Umnga omnyama uqhelana phantse nazo zonke iintlobo zomhlaba, nokuba zikhaphukhaphu okanye zine-calcareous, ukuba nje zinemijelo efanelekileyo. Yiphephe imihlaba emanzi okanye emanzi kakhuluI-substrate efanelekileyo iya kuba yinto egcina ukutsha okuthile ngexesha lasehlotyeni, kodwa ivumela ukukhupha ngokukhawuleza kwamanzi angaphezulu. Kuyacetyiswa yongeza izinto eziphilayo emhlabeni ukuphucula ubume kunye nokuchuma, ngaloo ndlela kukhuthazwa ukukhula kweengcambu kunye nokukhula kwemithi.
Ukunyamezela i-pH kuyahluka ngokweentlobo, kodwa ngokubanzi, i-acacia iyayinyamezela imihlaba ukusuka kwi-acidic kancinane ukuya kwi-calcareous ephakathi. Oku bhetyebhetye kuyenza ibe yingcambu enomtsalane kwezinye izityalo ezine-calcicolous.
Ukunkcenkceshela kunye nokuQinisa
Ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo Kubalulekile entlakohlaza nasehlotyeni ukukhusela umhlaba ukuba ungomi ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba ungayigqithisi, njengoko ukugqithisa kwamanzi Inokubangela izifo zengcambu. Ebusika, ukunkcenkceshela kufuneka kugcinwe kuncinci, ngakumbi kwimimandla apho imvula ixhaphake.
Ngokuphathelele nutrición, iyacetyiswa chumisa ngesichumiso samaminerali rhoqo ngeentsuku ezingama-30 Ukususela phakathi entwasahlobo ukuya phakathi ehlotyeni ukukhuthaza ukukhula ngamandla. Ungagalela ngomgquba ovuthiweyo ukuba umhlaba uyakuvumela, wongeze izondlo ngokuthe ngcembe.
Ukuthena, ukwandiswa kunye noLawulo lokuKhula
Ukuthena akubalulekanga kwinkumbi emnyama, kodwa inokwenziwa rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-2-3 ukudibanisa i-canopy, ukukhula kokulinganisela kunye nokukhuthaza isakhiwo sokuhombisa ngakumbi. Kwiimeko zeentlobo ezinotyekelo lokuhluma kwisiseko, njenge IGleditsia triacanthos, ukuthenwa ngokukrakra kuvuselela kuphela amahlumela amatsha, ngoko ke ukususwa ngokupheleleyo kufuneka kukhethwe xa ukulawula abantu abangafunwayo kuyimfuneko.
La ukuphindaphinda ye-acacia emnyama idla ngokwenziwa ngu imbewu ehlwayelwe entwasahlobo, nangona inkqubo inokukhawuleziswa ngonyango lwangaphambili olufana nokuntywiliselwa kwembewu emanzini ashushu okanye unyango lokukrala kweekhemikhali ukuthambisa idyasi yembewu kunye nokunyusa izinga lokuntshula. IAcacia melanoxylon njengaye IGleditsia triacanthos Zinokuphinda-phindwe ngokusikwa kunye nokuxutywa kwiindawo ezilawulwayo.
Izifo, Izinambuzane kunye noKuchasa
La Iinkumbi ezimnyama ziyakwazi ukumelana nezinambuzane nezifo ezininzi eqhelekileyo kwimithi yokuhombisa. Nangona kunjalo, inokuchaphazeleka Isigcawu esibomvu y mealybugs kwiimeko zembalela okanye uxinzelelo lwamanzi, ngelixa i Ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo kukhuthaza izifo zefungal radicular. Kwindaba ye IGleditsia triacanthos, izifo eziphawulekayo zinqabile, nangona ukubola kweenkuni kunokuvela emva kokuthenwa kakubi.
Olona lawulo lokuthintela lungcono gcina ukomelela komthi Ngokunkcenkceshela okufanelekileyo, ukujonga rhoqo, kunye nokuthenwa okukhethiweyo kwamasebe awonakeleyo, ukuphepha ukusikwa ngokungeyomfuneko. Ukuthena kuyacetyiswa ekupheleni kwehlobo ukunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo.
UkuVeliswa kwendalo kunye nokusasazwa
Ukusasazwa kwembewu Isebenza kakhulu kwi-acacias emnyama. Iintlobo zihlala zivelisa iindlela ezifana neepods ezinemisonto epinki ezitsala iintaka kunye nezilwanyana ezincancisayo, ezifaka isandla ekusabalaleni emva kokutya iziqhamo. Imbewu inokuhlala iminyaka emininzi emhlabeni kwaye intshule ngakumbi emva komlilo okanye xa ibekwe ebushushwini.
Ukongeza, i Iinkumbi ezimnyama zinokusasazwa ngokwezityalo kunye nokusasazeka ngenkunkuma yasegadini, intshukumo yomoya kunye nemisinga yamanzi, nto leyo eyandisa ubume bayo obuhlaselayo kwindawo apho ingenazo iintshaba zendalo.
Sebenzisa kunye nePropathi
El ixabiso lokuhombisa kunye nemithi Umthi weenkumbi omnyama mde. Umthi wayo oshinyeneyo nomnyama uxatyiswa ekwenzeni ikhabhathi nokuchwela, yaye usetyenziselwa ukwenza ifanitshala, izixhobo zokusebenza, izikhephe nemigqomo. Ixolo liqulethe i-tannins eluncedo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zemizi-mveliso.
Egadini, isetyenziswe zombini ngamaqela kunye nomzekelo omnye, ofakwe kwiipaki okanye njengomthi womthunzi. Kwiindawo zasezidolophini, IGleditsia triacanthos var. inermis Isetyenziswa kakhulu kuba ayinameva kwaye inika umthunzi okhanyayo.
Ezinye iindawo zesityalo ziye zasetyenziswa ngabemi bomthonyama baseOstreliya njengeyeza lokuthomalalisa iintlungu. Iziqhamo zayo eziswiti ziye zondliwa kwimfuyo ngamaxesha okunqongophala, nangona zinokuba neziphumo zokuthomalalisa. I-mucilage esuka kwimbewu isetyenziswa kwishishini lokutya kwiikhrimu kunye ne-ayisikrimu.
Ubuthi kunye nokuQaphela
Iinkumbi ezimnyama zinokuqulatha izinto eziphuma kwi-dimethyltryptamine kunye ne-cyanogenic glycosides, iikhompawundi ezibeka ingozi kwimpilo xa zityiswe ngabantu okanye izilwanyana zasekhaya. Ke ngoko, ukusetyenziswa kwembewu yabo kunye nezityalo ezingaphandle kwendawo elawulwayo akukhuthazwa.
Impembelelo kunye noLawulo lweNdalo
Ngenxa yakhe izinga eliphezulu lokukhula, imveliso yembewu ephezulu kunye namandla amangalisayo okukhula kwakhonaIinkumbi ezimnyama zinokuba luhlobo oluhlaselayo kwaye zikhuphisane nezihluma zendalo, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezithe zaziswa kuzo. Ulawulo luntsokothile: ukususwa ngokupheleleyo kwesampulu yeyona ndlela isebenzayo, njengoko ukugawula kukhuthaza ukukhula kwakhona. Ukusetyenziswa kwemichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula kufuneka kuvavanywe ngononophelo kujongwa iziphumo zazo zokusingqongileyo.
Kwiindawo ezikhuselweyo apho ukungenelela kwabantu kulinganiselwe, iinkumbi ezimnyama zinokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza, zigxotha iintlobo zendalo kunye nokuguqula inkqubo yendalo. Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ulawulo kunye nokusasazwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo yothintelo, ngakumbi kwiipaki zendalo kunye noovimba.
Izinto ezinomdla kunye neeNgqwalasela zeNkcubeko
Iinkumbi ezimnyama azinikeli kuphela umdla wezityalo kunye noncedo. Isimboli sayo kunye nokomelela kwayo kuyenze yagxila kumabali amaninzi kunye nokubonakaliswa kweentlobo ezihlaselayo kunye nokulingana kwe-ecosystem. Isakhono sayo sokuziqhelanisa, siphindaphindeke, kwaye sibe koloniyali zombini lungumthombo wokuncoma kunye nomngeni kulondolozo.
Lo mthi ukwakhuthaza iintaka kunye nezilwanyana ezihambisa ipoleni, ezifumana ukutya kunye nekhusi kwimidumba kunye neentyatyambo zawo. Ubuhle bayo obukhethekileyo kunye nokuguquguquka kwenza ukuba inkumbi emnyama ibe nomdla kwaye, ngexesha elifanayo, iintlobo ezinzima zokulawula kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.
