Iinyani ezothusayo malunga nesafron: imbali, ukulima, ukusetyenziswa, kunye neemfihlo zegolide ebomvu.

Nesafron Sesinye sezona ziqholo zexabiso nezikhethekileyo kwihlabathi lezokutya. Ixabiso layo eliphezulu liye lafumana igama lesidlaliso "igolide ebomvu," kungekhona nje ngexabiso layo, kodwa ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo, imbali kunye nepropati. Ngasemva komtyana ngamnye wesafron kukho indalo enomdla yezithethe, iintsomi, iinkqubo zobugcisa, kunye nokusetyenziswa kweyeza nezithambiso. Ngena nzulu kwi eyona nto imangalisayo kunye neenyani ezizodwa malunga nesafron, funda ukuyichonga kwaye ufumanise ukufaneleka kwayo ukusuka kumaxesha amandulo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.

Yintoni isafron?

El nesafron Ivela kwi-stigmas eyomileyo ye-pistil ye Intyatyambo yeCrocus sativus, isityalo esivela kusapho lwe-Iridaceae. Le ntyatyambo yasendle ibonakala ngamagqabi ayo aluhlaza, istamens emthubi, kunye nebala elibomvu elimangalisayo. I-stigmata incinci kwaye xa zomisiwe, ziba yimisonto yesafron eyaziwayo esetyenziselwa ukupheka, amayeza kunye nezithambiso.

Ubukhali bayo livumba y incasa ekrakra zimiselwa iikhompawundi ezifana safranal kunye picrocrocin, ngelixa crocin Inika loo mpawu yegolide etyheli kwiitya. I-Saffron ayityebisi kuphela incasa kunye nombala wokutya, kodwa yongeza iipropathi eziluncedo kwimpilo nakwizithambiso.

Kutheni i-safron ibiza kakhulu kwaye ixabiswa?

El ixabiso eliphezulu isafron Sisiphumo esithe ngqo semveliso yayo ephantsi kunye nomsebenzi onzima wobugcisa obandakanyekayo ekuwufumaneni:

• Kuyimfuneko ukuqokelela phakathi kwe-150.000 kunye ne-250.000 yeentyatyambo ukufumana i-1 kilogram yesafron ecocekileyo. Intyatyambo nganye inika amabala amathathu kuphela.
• La ukuvuna kunye nokukhupha (ukukhutshwa kwe-stigmas) kwenziwa ngesandla, ukusebenza ngokucokisekileyo ukukhusela imicu ukuba ingaqhekeki.
• La ukudubula kweentyatyambo kwenzeka ngesifingo yaye kufuneka ivunwe kwangaloo mini, ekubeni intyatyambo ibuna kwiiyure ezimbalwa.
• La isafron rose iyawugqiba umhlaba: Isafron inokukhuliswa kuphela kumhlaba omnye iminyaka emine okanye emihlanu ilandelelana; emva koko, umhlaba udinga ishumi leminyaka lokuphumla phambi kokuba ulinywe kwakhona.

Ezi zinto zongezwa kwi imfuno yamazwe ngamazwe, ixesha lonyaka kunye nokuba sesichengeni kwesityalo, okwenza isafroni ibe sesona siqholo sibiza kakhulu nesikhethekileyo kwiplanethi.

Imbali, iintsomi kunye nemfihlakalo yesafron

La Imbali yesafron ineengcambu zayo kumaxesha amandulo.. AmaYiputa, amaGrike, amaPersi namaRoma ayesebenzisa isafron njenge-condiment, i-perfume, idayi kunye neyeza. Ubukho bayo bubhalwe kwimizobo evela kwibhotwe likaMinos eKnossos (eKrete, 1700 BC), eBhayibhileni nakwimisebenzi yoncwadi yakudala efana ne-Iliad. EYiphutha yayisetyenziselwa iibhafu ezinevumba elimnandi zamanene nasekuqholeni isidumbu; eGrisi naseRoma, njengedayi yasebukhosini kunye ne-aphrodisiac kwimitshato yomtshato; yaye yaphoswa nakubalawuli ngexesha lamangenelo abo oloyiso.

Intsomi yamaGrike ichaza imvelaphi yesafron kwingozi ebuhlungu yeCrocus esezandleni zikaHermes, owaguqula igazi elichithekileyo laba ziintyatyambo ezinebala elibomvu: isafron. Igama lenzululwazi elithi Crocus sativus liyayihlonipha le ntsomi. Ukwandiswa kokulima Yafika eSpeyin ngexesha lolawulo lwama-Arabhu, idibanisa iingcambu zayo kwiPeninsula.

Inkqubo yokulima kunye nokuvuna

Isafron ikhuliswa kwiibhalbhu, hayi imbewu.Iibhubhu zityalwe ngasekupheleni kukaMatshi okanye ehlotyeni, malunga neesentimitha ezili-10 ngaphandle, zingcwatywe kumhlaba ococekileyo kwaye zikhuselwe kubanda kunye nomswakama ogqithiseleyo. Ekubeni abavelisi imbewu, ukuveliswa kunokwenzeka kuphela ngokuhlula kunye nokuphinda kutshalwe iibhubhu ezintsha eziveliswa "yi-anyanisi yomama."

Umhlaba ekulinywe kuwo isafron kufuneka uyekwe ukuba uphumle emva kweminyaka emininzi yokusetyenziswa, njengoko isityalo sikhupha izondlo ezininzi kwaye siwugqiba umhlaba. Emva kokutyala kunye nokukhula, iintyatyambo zenzeka ekwindla. Ngeli xesha kuxa umdyarho, isivuno sezandla siqala, njengoko ubomi bentyatyambo buziyure nje ezimbalwa.

Emva kokuba iintyatyambo ziqokelelwe, amabala ahlulwe ngokuchanekileyo ngesandla kwaye aphelelwe ngamanzi ngokukhawuleza okanye inkqubo yokuqhotsa elungelelanisa ilahleko yamanzi kwaye igcina ivumba nombala.

Iinyani ezinomdla malunga nesafron

• Intyatyambo yesafron idla ngokuba namabala amathathu, kodwa kwiimeko ezinqabileyo kakhulu inokuba nesithandathu. Oku kunqaba kwezityalo kwaziwa ngokuba melguiza, uphawu lwethamsanqa.
• Kwimitha enye yesikwere Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30 ibhalbhu yesafron ingatyalwa, ngaphandle kokuba umgama ofanelekileyo ugcinwe ukuthintela ukhuphiswano lwezondlo.
• Iiyunithi zemveli zokulinganisa (iiponti kunye nee-ounces) zisasetyenziswa kwi ukuthengisa ngesafron Kwimimandla ethile, ukugcina ilifa lembali yale mveliso.
• I-Saffron ibe yi-protagonist ye iintsomi, iintsomi kunye nemimiselo engqongqoKumaXesha Aphakathi, abarhwebi babebekwe esweni ngabahloli abaxhobileyo ukuze bathintele ubuqhophololo, yaye ukukrexeza kweziqholo kwakusohlwaywa ngokufa.
• UHenry VIII waseNgilani wayethanda isafron; wada wakuvala ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwizinwele nakwidayi zempahla, wayalela ukuba babulawe abo baqhathayo ngeziqholo.

Ukusetyenziswa kwesafron kukhokho kunye nangoku

Ixabiso lesafron lingaphaya kwekhitshi:

• Ekhitshini: Ibalulekile kwizitya ezinje ngepaella, risotto, izitya zerayisi, isityu senyama, isuphu, izimuncumuncu, kunye neeti zesintu ezifana necardamom chai.
• Njengombala: Ngaphambi kokuvela kwedayi eyenziweyo, isafron yayiyeyona mibala ikhethwayo yokudaya iimpahla, izikhumba, iikhaphethi, nezinto zokuthambisa, ngenxa yombala wayo otyheli-orenji. E-Iran, i-parchment yayimanziswe ngamanzi e-safron ukukhusela amehlo.
• Kumayeza esintu: Iimbekiselo zamandulo ziyichaza njenge-antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, aid yokwetyisa, i-aphrodisiac, i-analgesic yokuya exesheni kunye neentlungu zomlomo, kwaye njengonyango lweemeko zokuphefumla. Oogqirha bembali abanjengoAvicenna noNicholas Culpepper bancomela ukuba isafron iphucule ukuhamba kwegazi, ukuphefumla nempilo yobuchopho.
• Kwizithambiso: UCleopatra wasebenzisa iibhafu zeentyatyambo zesafron ezinobisi ukuthambisa ulusu lwakhe. Ngoku isetyenziswa kwi-anti-mibimbi, i-anti-bala, kunye neefomyula zemveliso zodidi enkosi kwii-antioxidants zayo.

Inqaku elidibeneyo:

Iimpawu kunye nokunyamekela okupheleleyo kwentyatyambo yesafron

Amazwe avelisa kakhulu kunye nomgangatho wesafron

Nangona indawo yokuzalwa yesafron KuMbindi Mpuma, ngakumbi i-Iran, namhlanje iSpain, iGrisi, iMorocco kunye neIndiya zibalasele njengabavelisi abakhulu. I-Iran ikhokela ngomthamo, kodwa i-safron yaseSpain (ingakumbi isuka eCastilla-La Mancha) iyonwabela ukuqatshelwa kwehlabathi lonke ngomgangatho wayo, imicu emide, eyomileyo, ivumba elimnandi kunye nencasa ecocekileyo. Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi ngeempawu ze isafron yasendle, tyelela eli phepha.

Iidolophu ezinezithethe zamandulo ezifana neConsuegra, iCampo de Criptana, iManzanares kunye neMotilla del Palancar, eCastilla-La Mancha, ziimpawu zokugqwesa kwesafron, Iimvaba zeMvelaphi eqinisekisa ubunyani kunye nomgangatho ophezulu wemveliso.

Iipropati kunye neenzuzo zempilo zesafron

Isafron ingaphezulu kakhulu kunesiqholo:

• Sisityebi kwii-antioxidants njenge-crocin, ebangela ukuguga kweselula.
• Iyayithanda i inkqubo yokugaya ukutya, ivuselela umdla wokutya kwaye inceda ukulawula i-cholesterol.
• Kuye kwaboniswa ukuba ukusebenza kwiimeko zokudakumba kancinci kunye neempawu zokuxhalaba, ukuphuthelwa kunye noxinzelelo, ukunika ezinye iindlela zendalo kumayeza aqhelekileyo.
• Own iipropati iintlungu, luncedo kwiintlungu zokuya esikhathini kunye nezilonda zomlomo ngokusebenzisa iirinses.
• Khusela i impilo yamehlo ngenxa ye-vitamin C kunye neekhompawundi ezifana ne-safranal.
• Umsebenzi weNeuroprotective: I-Crocetin iphucula amandla okuqonda kwaye inokuba neenzuzo kwizifo ze-neurodeergenerative.
• Iziphumo zokulwa nomhlaza: I-flavonoids yayo kunye ne-beta-carotenes inokunceda ukulibazisa ukukhula kwethumba kunye nokukhusela intso.
• Zokuthambisa: Ikhuthaza ukumanzisa kwesikhumba kwaye inceda ukunciphisa amabala kunye nemibimbi.

Indlela yokwahlula isafron yokwenyani

Ngenxa yexabiso layo, kukho ubuqhetseba obuninzi kunye nokukrexeza. I-safron enomgubo inokuxutywa kunye ne-turmeric, i-calendula, okanye ezinye iziqholo ezifanayo, ukunciphisa umgangatho kunye nexabiso. Ukuchonga isafron yokwenyani:

• Ivumba elimnandi libukhali kwaye unique, kunzima ukubhidanisa.
• Imicu yokwenyani inde, yomile, iguquguquka kwaye ibomvu eqaqambileyo, ngamanye amaxesha inencam ephuzi.
• Xa untywiliselwa emanzini, kuthatha ixesha elide ukukhulula umbala; i-tint ibugolide tyheli, ayibomvu okanye i-orenji enzulu.
• Kungcono ukuthenga i-safron kwimicu, ingaze ibe ngumgubo.

Isafron kwinkcubeko yehlabathi kunye ne-gastronomy

I-Saffron yeyona nto iphambili kwiminyhadala kunye nezitya ezinomfanekiso kwiinkcubeko ezininzi:

• Kulo Ipales yaseValencian Isafron sisithako esibalulekileyo kumbala wayo, incasa kunye nevumba.
• E-Iran, inikezelwa iti kunye nesafron kunye nekhadiamom njengophawu lobubele.
• EIndiya, kuqhelekile ukusetyenziswa intlama yesafron kwimisitho yonqulo nanjengomqondiso wethamsanqa.
• ESweden, zenziwe Santa Lucia Buns (Ikhekhe leSaffron) kunye nesafron nge-13 kaDisemba.

Ukuphononongwa ngokutsha kwesafron kukhuthaze ukhuseleko kunye nokukhuthazwa kwayo ngokusebenzisa imibutho yabavelisi, iimyuziyam ezizinikeleyo, iindlela zabakhenkethi, kunye nokuzinikela kweteknoloji ukugcina isithethe kunye nomgangatho wale gem yezolimo. Isafron, engakhathazwa kukuhamba kwexesha, iyaqhubeka nokukhulisa abantu abayithandayo ngenxa yokuntsokotha kwayo, ukunqaba, kunye namabali angenasiphelo ayingqongileyo. Ukusuka kusetyenziso lwayo lobunewunewu lokupheka ukuya ekusebenziseni kwayo amayeza kunye nezithambiso zakudala, le "golide ebomvu" ihlala iluphawu lwesiko, impilo kunye nokulunga. Ukugcina i-safron ekhaya kuthetha ukonwabela isithako esiyintsomi, esikwaziyo ukuguqula nasiphi na isitya kunye nokuzisa umtsalane wentsomi kunye nempilo yendalo kubomi bemihla ngemihla.