I-ficus elastica, ekwaziwa ngokuba ngumthi werabha, yenye yezona zityalo zidume kakhulu kunye nezomeleleyo zangaphakathi, ezilungele zombini abaqalayo kunye nabajonge ukuzalisa amakhaya abo ngokuchukumisa kwendalo kunye nenhle. Olu hlobo, oluzalelwa e-Asiya eTropiki, lubalasele ngokuguquguquka okukhulu, ukukhula okukhawulezayo kunye nokukhula kwayo amagqabi amahle abengezelayo. Ukuba ufuna ukufumanisa ngokunzulu Indlela yokunyamekela i-ficus elastica kwaye ube nesityalo esisempilweni nesinomtsalane iminyaka, sinikezela ngesona sikhokelo sineenkcukacha kunye nesexesheni oya kusifumana.
Yintoni iFicus elastica? Iimpawu kunye neenyaniso ezinomdla
I-ficus elastica yaziwa ngamagama ahlukeneyo, njengaye umthi werabha, umkhiwane werabha okanye nje intlakaKwindawo yayo yokuhlala yendalo inokufikelela phakathi kwe-20 ne-30 yeemitha ukuphakama, ide ifikelele kwiimitha ezingama-60 kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo, kwaye inikezela a isiqu esingaqhelekanga enokukhula ibe ngaphezulu kweemitha ezi-2 ubukhulu. Nangona kunjalo, xa ikhulile kwiimbiza kunye nangaphakathi, ayifane ikhule ibe nkulu kuneemitha ezi-2, nangona inokufikelela ngokulula kwi-3 okanye i-XNUMX yeemitha kunye nendawo eyaneleyo kunye nokunyamekela.
Bakhe amagqabi amakhulu, ambhoxo, angqindilili Zinombala oluhlaza bumnyama kakhulu kwaye umenyezelayo kwicala elingasentla, kwaye zikhaphukhaphu ngaphantsi, nangona zikhona. iintlobo kunye nemida emthubi, emhlophe, okanye epinki, efana 'noTineke' kunye 'noRuby'. La magqabi anokukhula abe ngaphezu kweesentimitha ezingama-30 ubude, nto leyo ewenza abe sisityalo esihonjisiweyo nesinomtsalane.
Isici esikhethekileyo se-ficus elastica siso incindi yobisi, esetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kweerubha, nangona ingeyona nto iphambili yorhwebo yerabha. Le ncindi inokucaphukisa ulusu kwaye inetyhefu xa ityiwe, ngoko kufuneka iphathwe ngononophelo, ngakumbi ukuba kukho nayiphi na ekhaya. izilwanyana zasekhaya okanye abantwana abancinci.
I-ficus elastica ye ukukhula ngokukhawuleza Phantsi kweemeko ezincomekayo, kwaye nangona ingaqhelekanga ukulinywa ekhaya, inokuvelisa isiqhamo esifana nekhiwane, kodwa ngaphandle kwexabiso elityiwayo. Ekuhombiseni, idla ngokubonwa igawulwe ukulawula ubude bayo kwaye igcine imilo ethe kratya kunye ne-compact.
Ukunyamekela okubalulekileyo kwe-ficus elastica
Impumelelo ekukhuleni kwe-ficus elastica ixhomekeke ekuqondeni iimfuno zayo ezikhulayo. Ukukhanya, ubushushu, ukunkcenkceshela, ukufuma, i-substrate kunye nokuchumisaNangona isisityalo esixhathisa kakhulu, sinikeze ukhathalelo olufanelekileyo iyakwandisa ukukhula kunye nobuhle bayo.
Indawo efanelekileyo kunye nokukhanya
I-Ficus elastica sisityalo esiguquguqukayo, esikwaziyo ukuphumelela ngaphakathi nangaphandle, ukuba nje iimeko zokusingqongileyo zilungile. Isitshixo sikwi ukukhanya:
- Ikhetha ubuninzi kunye nokukhanya, kodwa ukukhanya okungathanga ngqoNgokufanelekileyo, yibeke kufutshane neefestile ezinamakhethini akhanyayo ahluza ilanga.
- Ngaphandle, inokunyamezela ilanga elithe ngqo (ekuseni okanye emva kwemini), kodwa ilanga elitshisayo lasemini lifanele liphetshwe, ingakumbi ehlotyeni, ukuze kuthintelwe ukutsha kwamagqabi.
- Kwiindawo ezikhanyiswe luzizi, inokusinda, kodwa iya kukhula ngokukhawuleza kunye namagqabi amancinci; ukongeza, ukucwangciswa kwamagqabi kusenokuba ngama-haphazard.
- Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, njenge 'Tineke', ifuna ukukhanya okungathanga ngqo ngakumbi ukugcina imibala yayo eqaqambileyo kwaye ibathintele ekujikeni.
Ukufezekisa ukukhula okufanayo, kuyacetyiswa jika imbiza ngamaxesha athile ukuze onke amagqabi afumane umlinganiselo ofanayo wokukhanya, nto leyo ethintela isityalo ukuba sincike kwicala elinye.
Ubushushu kunye neklimatiloji
I-ficus elastica ikhetha amaqondo obushushu kunye neendawo ezizinzileyo, ekubeni utshintsho olukhawulezileyo lunokumchaphazela kakubi. Izinto azithandayo zezi:
- Ubushushu obufanelekileyo phakathi kwe-16 kunye ne-24 ºC, ukuziqhelanisa kakuhle nemozulu yeTropiki neMeditera. Ngamanye amaxesha inokumelana namaqondo obushushu asezantsi kancinane (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10-12 ºC), kodwa akufunekanga ibe sesichengeni seqabaka.
- Ayikunyamezeli ingqele emandla okanye idrafti., okubangela ukuwa kwamagqabi kunye nokukhuthaza ukubonakala kwezifo.
- Kuphephe ukuyibeka kufutshane imithombo yokushisa eyenziweyo, efana neeradiyetha okanye izifudumezi zomoya, eyomisa imo engqongileyo kakhulu kwaye inokubangela ukuba amagqabi abune.
Ngexesha lexesha elibandayo okanye xa utshintsha indawo (ukusuka ngaphandle ukuya ngaphakathi), kuyacetyiswa ukuba uqhelane ne-ficus ngokuthe ngcembe ukunciphisa uxinzelelo, ngakumbi kunyaka wokuqala emva kokuthenga okanye ukutshintshwa.
Ukunkcenkceshela kunye nokufuma: amaxesha amaninzi kunye neengcebiso
Ukunkcenkceshela yenye yenkathalo ekufuneka ihlawulwe ngakumbi, ekubeni i-ficus elastica inyamezela imbalela ngcono kunamanzi agqithisileyoI-substrate kufuneka ibe ifumile kancinci, ayinamanziIingcebiso ezisisiseko zezi:
- Nkcenkceshela kuphela xa umphezulu womhlaba womile., ukufaka umnwe ukuyijonga okanye ukusebenzisa imitha yokufuma.
- En ehlobo, kuqhelekile ukunkcenkceshela kanye ngeveki, ukunciphisa ukuphindaphindeka kuzo zonke iintsuku eziyi-10-14 ebusika, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukufuma kunye nobushushu be-ambient.
- Kukhethwa ukuba ukusilela kubhetele kunokuhamba kakhulu ekunkcenkcesheleni ukuthintela ukubola kweengcambu.
- Amagqabi atyheli kunye namagqabi amadala awelayo ngokuqhelekileyo abonisa amanzi amaninzi., ngoxa amagqabi abunile ngokuqhelekileyo eluphawu lokoma.
Ngokuphathelele ukufuma, i-ficus inyamezela ngokuphakathi kwaye ayifuni ukuxutywa rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko zemozulu eyomileyo kakhulu okanye ebusika apho kufudunyezwa, inokukuxabisa ukuphosa amagqabi ngamanzi adikidiki kanye okanye kabini ngeveki. Kukwaluncedo ukubeka isosari yeengqalutye kunye namanzi kufuphi nembiza okanye iqela lezityalo ezininzi kunye ukwandisa ukufuma.
Ukuba udlula amanzi kwaye uqaphele ukuba i-substrate imanziswe, Susa isityalo ebhodweni, susa i-substrate emanzi kwaye uyitshintshe kwi-substrate eyomileyo kunye ne-aerated.Oku kunokusindisa isityalo kwaye kuthintele ukubola kweengcambu.
I-Substrate, imbiza kunye nokutshintshwa
I-ficus elastica Ayifuni ngohlobo lwe-substrate, kodwa ukufezekisa ukukhula okunamandla kunye namagqabi acwebezelayo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise a umhlaba onomoya, otyebileyo ngezondlo kunye nokuphuma kwamanzi okugqwesileyo:
- Hlanganisa i-peat, i-coconut fiber kunye ne-perlite okanye i-vermiculite ukwandisa ugcino lwamanzi kunye nokuthintela ukugcwala kwamanzi.
- Enye inketho kukusebenzisa umhlaba wendalo yonke oxutywe nentlabathi erhabaxa okanye igrabile ukukhuthaza ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi.
- Igalelo le i-compost, i-worm humus okanye i-organic fertilizer ngexabiso elincinci liyakuphucula izondlo ezifumanekayo.
- Imbiza kufuneka ibenayo ukukhupha amanzi ngokufanelekileyo ukususa amanzi angaphezulu, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kufakwe umaleko wegrabile ezantsi.
Ukutshintshwa kwenziwa xa iingcambu ziphuma kwimingxuma ebhodweni okanye isityalo sinciphisa ukukhula kwayo. Oku kwenzeka rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu. Elona xesha lilungileyo lokubuyisela imbiza kukuqala kwentwasahlobo.
Ukuchumisa nokuchumisa
Ukukhuthaza ukukhula okuqinileyo kunye nokugcina amaqabunga enempilo kwaye ekhanyayo, i-ficus elastica iya kuxabisa a umrhumi ophakathi:
- Abona kanye ngenyanga entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni kunye nesichumiso solwelo esilungeleleneyo sezityalo eziluhlaza, ukuhlanjululwa kumanzi okunkcenkceshela.
- Kuphephe ukuchumisa ekwindla nasebusika, xa isityalo silala.
- Ukuba isityalo sibonisa iimpawu zobuthathaka, unokuchumisa zonke iiveki ezintathu, rhoqo ngaphandle kokugqithisa umthamo onconywa ngumenzi.
- Musa ukuchumisa kwiinyanga zokuqala emva kokutshintshwa, ukuphepha ukutsha kweengcambu.
Ukugqithiswa kwesichumisi kunokubangela ukutshisa kwamagqabi kwaye kwenze buthathaka isityalo, ngelixa ukungabikho kwezondlo kungabonakalisa njengombala obala okanye ukulahlekelwa ngamandla.
Ukuthena kunye nokugcina imilo
Nangona kunjalo Akuyomfuneko ukuthena i-ficus elastica Ukuthenwa rhoqo kunceda:
- Lawula ubukhulu bayo kwaye ukhuthaze ukubonakala kwe-bushier.
- Susa amagqabi awomileyo, agulayo okanye awonakeleyo kunye namasebe.
- Khuthaza i-branching kwaye uhlaziye imbonakalo yayo.
Eyona nto ilungileyo thena entwasahlobo okanye ehlotyeni, xa ukukhula kusebenza kakhulu. Ukwenza oku:
- Sebenzisa isikere esicocekileyo, esibukhali.
- Susa amasebe afileyo okanye anesifo kunye namagqabi ngokwenza amanxeba acocekileyo.
- Unako nquma amahlumela amancinci ukuvuselela ukuvela kwamasebe amatsha.
- Nxiba iiglavu ukuba unobuntununtunu, njengoko incindi enobisi inokulicaphukisa ulusu lwakho.
Emva kokuthena, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba isityalo sikhuphe incindi; unokumisa ukuhamba ngokubeka uthuthu lwemifuno encinci okanye ilahle ephothiweyo kwi-cut.
Ukusasazwa kweFicus elastica
Ukuphindaphinda i-ficus elastica yakho kulula ukusika iziquElona xesha lilungileyo kusentwasahlobo. Landela la manyathelo:
- Khetha isiqu esisempilweni esinamagqabi amabini ubuncinci.
- Sika ngaphantsi kwendawo yeqabunga, sebenzisa i-blade ecocekileyo.
- Beka ukusika emanzini okanye ngokuthe ngqo kwi-substrate emanzi, ene-aerated.
- Gcina ukusika ekukhanyeni okufudumeleyo, okungathanga ngqo, ukuguqula amanzi rhoqo ngeentsuku ezimbalwa ukuba usebenzisa le ndlela.
- Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa okanye iiveki, iya kuhluma iingcambu kwaye ungayifaka kwimbiza engapheliyo.
Izinga lempumelelo liphezulu ukuba ubushushu obufanelekileyo kunye neemeko zokufuma ziyagcinwa, kwaye ukusasaza akubizi kwaye kulula ukwandisa ingqokelela yakho.
Uninzi lwezinambuzane kunye nezifo eziqhelekileyo
Nangona i-ficus elastica ixhathisa, inokuchaphazeleka izibetho nezifo ukuba iimeko azifanelekanga:
- Isigcawu esibomvu: Ikhula kakuhle kwindawo eyomileyo, efudumeleyo kwaye ifunxa incindi, yenza buthathaka amagqabi. Iliwa ngokunyuka kokufuma kunye nokusebenzisa izibulali-zinambuzane ezithile.
- Indlu yomthi: Incamathela kwiziqu kunye namagqabi, okwenza amaqhuma amancinci amhlophe okanye amdaka; susa ngesandla kwaye usebenzise amayeza okubulala izinambuzane okanye amanzi anesepha.
- Zintwala: Ayiqhelekanga, kodwa inokuvela kumahlumela amatsha; zisuswa ngamanzi anesepha okanye amayeza okubulala izinambuzane.
- Umngundo kunye nokubola kweengcambu: okubangelwa kukufuma okugqithisileyo okanye ukunkcenkceshela, okubonwa ngamachokoza amagqabi okanye ukubola kweengcambu.
Izifo zivela rhoqo ngenxa:
- Ukukhanya okuphantsi: ajingayo, abuthathaka, amagqabi aluhlaza. Isisombululo: yiya kwindawo eqaqambileyo.
- Ukugqithisa kwamanzi: ivelisa iingcambu ezibolileyo, amagqabi atyheli kunye nokuwa kwamagqabi.
- Umhlaba ongaphantsi awonelanga: Ukutshintsha kombala kunye nokuwa okukhulu kwamagqabi. Sebenzisa i-substrate esemgangathweni kwaye uqinisekise ukuthuthwa kwamanzi okulungileyo.
Ezinye iingcebiso zokugcina
- Ukucoca amagqabi: Sula ngamaxesha athile amagqabi ngelaphu elimanzi ukususa uthuli nokuphucula iphotosynthesis. Musa ukusebenzisa iipolisi zorhwebo; sebenzisa nje amanzi.
- Lumkela uyilo: Beka i-ficus kude neengcango okanye iifestile apho kukho iidrafti ezibandayo okanye ezishushu.
- Inkxaso kunye nokufundiswa: Ngenxa yobunzima bamagqabi kunye nokuguquguquka kwamasebe, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe abafundisi ukugcina i-verticality kunye nokukhusela amasebe ukuba aphule.
- UbungoziI-Ficus elastica inetyhefu xa ityiwe kwaye inokubangela ukuphazamiseka kokutya kwizilwanyana zasekhaya kunye nabantwana. Gcina isityalo kwindawo ekungafikeleli kuyo.
Esi sityalo sihlambulula umoya, sisusa i-toxins efana ne-formaldehyde kunye ne-benzene, okwenza kube yinto efanelekileyo kumakhaya kunye neeofisi ukuphucula umgangatho wokusingqongileyo.
Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo kunye nendlela yokuthintela
- Amagqabi atyheli nathambileyo: Ukunkcenkceshela. Vumela i-substrate yome kwaye ulungelelanise ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo.
- Ukuwa kwegqabi: Isenokuba ngenxa yokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza kweqondo lobushushu, ukungabikho kokukhanya okanye ukufuduswa kwangoku.
- Amagqabi abuna: Ngokuqhelekileyo kubonisa ukungabikho kokunkcenkceshela okanye indawo eyomileyo kakhulu.
- Amabala amhlophe emagqabini: Uphawu lwe-ficus, akusona isizathu sokukhathazeka ngaphandle kokuba sihamba kunye nezinye iimpawu.
Ukutshintshwa kunye nokulungelelanisa
Emva kokuthenga i-ficus elastica, luluvo oluhle ukuyiqwalasela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala. Ukuba umhlaba wembiza womile, wunkcenkceshele kancinci; ukuba imanzi, yiyeke yome phambi kokuba unkcenkceshelwe kwakhona. Musa ukuphinda uyithenge kwangoko emva kokuthenga; nika isityalo iiveki ezimbalwa ukuba siqhelane nendawo yaso entsha. Ukubuyisela kwakhona kuyimfuneko kuphela xa iingcambu ziphuma kwimingxuma embizeni.
I-ficus elastica yenye yezona zityalo ezihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala ekhaya okanye eofisini. Ne ukhathalelo olufanelekileyo, inokuphila phakathi kweminyaka eyi-15 nama-20 nangaphezulu, ihlale yomelele, ihombise kwaye isempilweni. iimfuno ezilula, ukunkcenkceshela okuphakathi, amaqondo obushushu azinzileyo kunye namathuba okuthena Baya kugcina amahlamvu akho ekhangeleka eqaqambileyo kwaye enomtsalane. Ngaphezu koko, ngenxa yeepropathi zabo zokucoca, bafaka isandla kwindawo ephilileyo nekhululekileyo yangaphakathi.