ICamellia (Camellia japonica) Sisihlahla esihlala sihlala sixatyiswa kakhulu ngenxa yobuhle kunye nokuqina kweentyatyambo zaso. Nangona ihlala inxulunyaniswa negadi kwindawo epholileyo, efumileyo, njengaleyo isemantla eSpain, ukuguquguquka kwayo kuyaphawuleka, ivumela ukuba ikhule zombini emhlabeni nakwiimbiza ezikweminye imimandla, ukuba ikhathalelwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Iimpawu zecamellia
Isini Camellia Ibandakanya iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-200, ekubeni UCamellia japonica eyona ixhaphake kakhulu kwigadi yokuhombisa, ukongeza ICamellia sasanqu kunye ICamellia reticulata. Inzalelwane yaseMpuma yeAsia (eTshayina, eJapan, eIndonesia, eKorea), i-camellias inokufikelela kwi-7-10 yeemitha, nangona ukukhula kwayo lento kwaye igcinwe, ethanda ukukhula kwayo ezimbizeni ubomi bayo bonke. Amagqabi ayo ngesikhumba, eluhlaza kwaye ecwebezelayo, kwaye intyatyambo ivela ekupheleni kobusika ukuya kutsho ekwindla, kuxhomekeke kwiindidi kunye nemozulu.
- Amahlamvu: Ihlala ihleli, iluhlaza bumnyama kwaye iyakhazimla.
- Iintyatyambo: Ihluka phakathi kobusika ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kunye nentwasahlobo, kunye neentyantyambo ezingatshatanga, ezimbini okanye eziphindwe kabini, kwimithunzi emhlophe, epinki, ebomvu kunye nemfusa.
- Ukuchasana: Iyakwazi ukunyamezela ingqele kunye nokufuma, kodwa inovelwano kwimbalela kunye nomhlaba one calcareous.
Ukukhanya okufanelekileyo kunye neemfuno zendawo
Indawo ingundoqo ukulima ngempumelelo i-camellia. Kwimimandla esenyakatho okanye kwiindawo ezinomswakama, zinokubekwa elangeni elipheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, kwilizwe liphela, kungcono ukuzibeka ejonge emantla okanye empuma, apho bafumana ilanga elizolileyo lasekuseni baze bahlale emthunzini imini yonke. Kubalulekile ukubakhusela kwimimoya eshushu, neyomileyo, njengoko zithanda iindawo ezipholileyo nezifumileyo. Ukuba ikhule ngaphakathi, indawo kufuneka ikhanye kakhulu kwaye ibe nomswakama ophezulu, kude nezifudumezi okanye imithombo yomsi.
Umhlaba kunye ne-substrate: ukubaluleka kwe-pH
I-Acid substrate ibalulekileI-Camellia idinga i-pH phakathi kwe-4 kunye ne-6, ecebileyo wamatye kunye ne-drainage ebalaseleyo. Ukuba utyalwe kumhlaba ovame ukuba yi-alkaline okanye i-calcareous, kungcono ukuyikhulisa ebhodweni usebenzisa umhlaba okhethekileyo wezityalo ze-acidophilic (camellias, azaleas, gardenias). Ukugcina i-acidity, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ungeze ixolo lepine njenge-mulch, ekwanceda nokugcina umswakama kunye nokukhusela iingcambu ebusika. Ukuba amanzi okunkcenkceshela aqulethe i-limescale, inokulungiswa ngokusebenzisa amanzi emvula, amanzi atshisayo, okanye ukuwayeka ahlale ekhupha i-chlorine.
Ukunkcenkceshela kunye nokufuma
I-camellia idinga amanzi rhoqo kodwa ngaphandle kwezikhukhulaI-substrate kufuneka igcinwe ifumile, kodwa ingaze imanzi kakhulu. Ukunkcenkceshelwa ngobubele kubalulekile, ngakumbi kwiimbiza, kwaye imbalela kufuneka ithintelwe, njengoko oku kunokubangela ukuba amagqabi kunye neentyatyambo ziwe okanye amagqabi angavuleki. Iimpawu zokungonelanga kwamanzi ziquka ubuthuntu kunye nokugobeka kwamagqabi. Amanzi athambileyo, emvula, okanye amanzi acinyiweyo kufuneka asetyenziswe.
Kwakhona, i ukufuma Oku kubalulekile, ngakumbi ngexesha leentyantyambo: umoya owomileyo unokuthintela amathupha ekudubuleni ngokufanelekileyo. Ukuba imozulu yomile, ukutshiza amagqabi okanye ukubeka amanzi esosini ekufutshane kunokuncedisa ukwandisa ukufuma.
Ukuchumisa kunye ne-mulching
- Umbhalisi: Ngexesha lokukhula, kucetyiswa ukuba uchumise ngesichumisi esikhethekileyo kwizityalo ezithanda i-asidi. Kukulungele ukutshintshana phakathi kwesichumiso esityebileyo ngenitrogen (ngoMatshi ukuya kuJuni) ukuvuselela ukukhula kwezityalo kunye nesinye esinomlinganiselo ophezulu we phosphorus kunye ne potassium (ngoJulayi ukuya kuSeptemba) ukukhuthaza ukumila kwamathupha. Ukususela ekupheleni kukaSeptemba ukuya kuMatshi, nqumamisa ukuchumisa.
- Ukugquma: Uluhlu lwe-pine bark kwisiseko lunceda ukugcina ukufuma, lukhusela kwiqabaka, kwaye lugcina i-asidi.
Ukuprintwa kunye nokufakelwa
ICamellia ikhula kancinci kwaye kunqabile ukuba kufuneke ukuthenwa. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, yinqumle ngokukhawuleza emva kweentyatyambo, susa amasebe afileyo okanye angahambi kakuhle kunye neentyatyambo eziphelileyo. I-Deadheading (ukususa amathupha) kunokuphucula ubungakanani beentyatyambo. Ukutshintshela kungenziwa ekupheleni kweentyantyambo okanye ekwindla, kusoloko kusetyenziswa i-acidic substrate kunye nembiza enkulu ngakumbi ukuba ikhule kwisitya.
Izinambuzane, izifo kunye ne-physiopathies
Ezona zinambuzane zichaphazela icamellias ziintwala, i-mealybugs, kunye neempukane ezimhlophe. Ubusi obuveliswa zezi zinambuzane bunokubangela ukungunda kwe-sooty, okugqume amagqabi kunye neziqu, kwenze isityalo sibe buthathaka. Ukulwa nezi zinambuzane, sebenzisa isepha ye potassium, ioli yehlobo (njengomlinganiselo wokuthintela), okanye i-insecticide ye-systemic xa kuyimfuneko. Ukungabikho kokufuma, zombini kwi-substrate kunye nokusingqongileyo, kunokubangela ukuhla kweentyatyambo ngaphambi kwexesha okanye ukungaphumeleli kwehluma.
Iindidi kunye nezinto ezinomdla
Kukho amawaka eecultivars kunye neentlobo, ezibonisa i UCamellia japonica ngenxa yeentlobo-ntlobo nobuhle beentyatyambo zayo. Ukongeza, i ICamellia sasanqu Idubula ekwindla kwaye inika ivumba elimnandi, ngelixa i ICamellia reticulata Ivelisa i-corollas emangalisayo. Zonke zinokukhuliswa emhlabeni okanye ezimbizeni, nto leyo ezenza zibe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kwiipatios, iiterras, kunye nezitiya ezincinci.
Nge-acidic substrate, ukunkcenkceshela okuphakathi, ukufuma, kunye nendawo efanelekileyo, i-camellias iya kukuvuza ngeentyatyambo ezintle kunye namahlamvu angenakulinganiswa unyaka wonke. Ukugcina iimfuno zabo ezisisiseko kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba ezi zityalo zigugu ziqhubeka zihombisa nayiphi na indawo eluhlaza.
