El umthi wothando (UCercis siliquastrum), nokwaziwa ngokuba ngumthi waseJudea, redbud, okanye crazy carob, yenye yezona ntlobo zihonjisiweyo ezikwigadi nakwindawo zasedolophini ngenxa yeentyantyambo zayo ezintle zasentwasahlobo kunye namagqabi amile okwentliziyo. Ivela kumazantsi eYurophu, kwintshona yeAsia, nakwiMeditera, ukulinywa kwayo kuye kwanda kakhulu, kwafikelela kwiindawo zaseAfrika naseAmerika ngenxa yokuguquguquka nobuhle bayo. Ukuba uyazibuza malunga nokunyamekelwa komthi wothando, indlela yokuwutyala, okanye indlela yokuwugcina usempilweni kwaye unamandla, uya kufumana esona sikhokelo sineenkcukacha kunye nesibanzi apha.
Iimpawu eziphambili zomthi wothando
El UCercis siliquastrum Yiyo umthi onqabileyo encinci ukuya phakathi ngobukhulu, idla ngokuba yisayizi ngokungaqhelekanga kunye namasebe atyumzayo. Inokufikelela kubude obuphakathi kwe-5 kunye ne-12 yeemitha, nangona ihlala ifumaneka kwiigadi kunye neendawo zasezidolophini phakathi kwe-6 kunye ne-8 yeemitha. Isiqu sayo sinexolo eligudileyo kwimizekelo emincinci, ithatha a bubomvu okanye bumfusa, nokujika rhabaxa kwaye iqhekekile emveni kweminyaka.
La ikopi Imilo yomthi wothando ilawulwa ngokubanzi, ithe tyaba kwaye inamasebe aphezulu ukusuka kwisiseko, nto leyo enegalelo kwixabiso lawo lokuhombisa njenge umthi womthunzi kwiipaki nasezitratweni. Amagqabi ayo ilula kwaye iyatshintshana, enesimo esingaqhelekanga sentliziyo, malunga 7 ukuya kwi-12 cm ubude, oluhlaza oqaqambileyo kumphezulu ophezulu kunye ne-glaucous ngaphezulu okanye bluish ngaphantsi. Xa kufika ukwindla, amagqabi awo avuthuluka, abe nemibala ekhanyayo etyheli.
La iintyatyambo Le yenye yezona zinto zikhangayo kakhulu: ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kwaye nangaphambi kokuba amagqabi ahlume, agqunywe ngeentyantyambo ezincinci ze-hermaphrodite pink-lilac, ezicwangciswe ngamaqela ama-3 ukuya kwe-6 kwaye zisasazeke kwisiqu kunye namasebe. Lo mcimbi, obizwa ngokuba ikholiflora, iyenza ibe nomtsalane ngakumbi kuba iintyatyambo ziphuma ngqo kumthi ongenanto.
Emva kweentyatyambo, ivelisa i iziqhamo, ezinye iipod okanye iimbotyi ezijingayo zibomvu-mdaka; 6 ukuya kwi-15 cm ubude, equlethe imbewu encinci enomlinganiselo phakathi kwe-3 kunye ne-5 mm. Ezi pod zihlala emthini ixesha elininzi lokukwindla nobusika, zinika elinye ixabiso elibonakalayo kwisityalo.
Umdla kancinane owaziwayo kukuba zombini Iintyatyambo ezifana nexolo lomthi wothando ziyatyiwa kwaye baneempawu zonyango nezokupheka. Iintyatyambo zinokusetyenziswa kwiisaladi, kwiifritters, okanye kwiidizethi ezifakwe kwi-dessert, zongeza i-spicy touch, kwaye ixolo lisetyenziselwa ukuxutywa ukuthomalalisa umkhuhlane. Isiqhamo sona sineempawu zokuthomalalisa.
Imvelaphi, imbali kunye nentsingiselo yomthi wothando
El Igama lesayensi "Cercis" livela kwisiGrike kwaye libhekisela kwi-shuttle ye-loom, ngokucacileyo ibhekisela kwimilo yeziqhamo zayo. Igama elithi "Siliquastrum" lisuka kwisiLatini kwaye lithetha "ifana nomthi wecarob." Nangona kunjalo, yayo igama elidumileyo "umthi wothando" Kubangelwa kokubini ngokungathandabuzekiyo umbala opinki weentyatyambo zayo njengomfanekiso wentliziyo wamagqabi awo.
Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi Umthi kaYudas okanye umthi wakwaYudaNgokutsho kwentsomi, uYudas Skariyoti wazixhoma komnye wale mithi emva kokungcatsha uYesu Kristu, nangona abanye besithi eli gama lisuka kwindawo elaphuma kuyo, elakwaYuda. Ukususela ngexesha leeMfazwe Zomnqamlezo, yaqalisa ukunwenwa kulo lonke elaseYurophu ngenxa yexabiso layo lokuhombisa nokulinywa ngokulula.
Yeyosapho lweFabaceae (imidumba), kwaye inxulumene nezinye iintlobo zohlobo UCercis (njengoko C. canadensis o C.chinensis), kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo imvelaphi yeMeditera, nangona namhlanje iqhelekile ukuyibona iipaki, izitalato, izikwere kunye nezitiya ehlabathini lonke.
Umthi othanda iintyatyambo: nini kwaye njani udubula
El Umthi wothando uqala ukuqhakaza ukusuka kunyaka wesithathu wobomi, ukuba lo mzekelo watyalwa njenge sithole. Incopho yayo yeentyatyambo yenzeka primavera, nangona kwimozulu epholileyo inokuvela kwasekuqaleni ekupheleni kobusika. Iintyatyambo zayo ze-hermaphrodite zivela ngokuthe ngqo kumasebe angenanto kunye ne-trunk, ukudala umphumo obonakalayo olindele ukufika kwamagqabi.
La ukudubula kweentyatyambo kunokuhlala iiveki ezininzi Kwaye iintyatyambo zinokuhlala zomile emthini ixesha elide, nangaphaya kwexesha eliqhelekileyo, ziqinisekisa ixabiso labo eliqhubekayo lokuhlobisa. Emva kwentwasahlobo, amaqabunga avela, kwaye ekupheleni kwexesha, iipods zembewu zenza.
Imeko efanelekileyo kunye nexesha lokutyala umthi wothando
Ukukhetha ixesha elifanelekileyo kunye nendawo kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukukhula ngempumelelo komthi. Ixesha elifanelekileyo lokutyala lixhomekeke kwimozulu:
- Iindawo ezishushu: Kukhethwa ukutyala kulo primavera, xa umngcipheko weqabaka udlulile.
- Imimandla ebandayo: okucetyiswayo ukutyala kwasekwindla, evumela umthi ukuba uzimise ngaphambi kokufika kobusika.
Las Izityalo ezincinci zidla ngokuyiva iqabaka, ngoko ke ukuba imozulu ibanda kakhulu, kungcono ukuwashiya kwi-greenhouse kubusika bokuqala. Nanini na kunokwenzeka, okukhona umthi utyaliwe umncinci, kokukhona uya kuziqhelanisa kakuhle kwaye uphuhlise iingcambu zawo.
El UCercis siliquastrum Iphuhlisa ngokugqibeleleyo kwi ilanga elipheleleyo, ukufumana ubuncinane iiyure ezi-6 zokukhanya kwelanga ngqo ngosuku. Inokunyamezela i-semi-shade (iiyure ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-6 zelanga), nangona idubula ngaphantsi koko. Inkcukacha ephambili kukuyifumana ukhuselwe kwimimoya ebhudla ngamandla, njengoko zinokuqhekeza amasebe kwaye zonakalisa isiqu.
Iintlobo zomhlaba kunye nezindululo zomhlaba
Umthi wothando ukunganyanzelwanga ngeentlobo zomhlaba, kodwa ukuze kukhule ngamandla kunye neentyatyambo ezifanelekileyo, umhlaba kufuneka uhlangabezane nale miqathango:
- Imihlaba yecalcareous egalelwe kakuhle: Yeyona substrate ifanelekileyo. Imihlaba enekalika ikhuthaza ukufumaneka kakuhle kwezondlo. Ukuba umhlaba umpofu, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uphuculwe ngokugalela isanti kunye nentlenga.
- Kuphephe ukuphuphumala: Umthi awunyamezeli ukufuma okugqithisileyo okanye umhlaba oxineneyo. Qinisekisa ukuba amanzi okunkcenkceshela aphuma kakuhle, njengoko amanzi amaninzi anokubangela ukubola kweengcambu.
- I-pH engathathi hlangothi okanye encinci yealkaline: nangona inyamezela i-asidi encinci.
Umxube wodongwe, intlenga yentlenga, kunye nesanti zingasetyenziselwa ukuphucula amanzi amdaka kumhlaba onzima. Ngaphaya koko, ukuba umgangatho womhlaba awukho mgangathweni, kubalulekile ukongeza i-organic substrate elungileyo phambi nasemva kokutyala ukuququzelela ukukhula kweengcambu.
Ukunkcenkceshela: ukuphindaphindwa kunye nobungakanani bamanzi
El UCercis siliquastrum ifuna ukunkcenkceshela okuphakathi kunye namaxesha ngamaxeshaNgelixa lincinci, lidinga ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo (kanye okanye kabini ngeveki), lihlala liphepha ukunkcenkceshela okanye ukukhupha amanzi. Njengoko lo mthi ukhula, awuxhathisi kwimbalela yaye unokumelana ixesha elide ngaphandle kwamanzi.
En amaxesha obushushu obugqithisileyo okanye imbalela, kubalulekile ukonyusa kancinane amaxesha amaninzi, ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-substrate yoma phakathi kokunkcenkceshela. Impazamo eqhelekileyo kukunkcenkceshela, okunokubangela umonakalo weengcambu ngenxa yokungabikho kwe-oxygen.
- Kumhlaba omanzi kunye nemvula rhoqo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kumiswe ukunkcenkceshela.
- Kwimihlaba eyomileyo, ukongeza izinto eziphilayo kunye ne-compost kunganceda ukugcina ukufuma okuyimfuneko.
- Elona xesha lifanelekileyo kanye ngeveki kwiimozulu eziqhelekileyo, kunye ukuya kuthi ga kabini ngeveki ehlotyeni.
Xa utyalwe embizeni (imizekelo emincinci kuphela), ulawulo lokufuma olungqongqo luyafuneka, njengoko i-substrate yoma ngokukhawuleza kunasegadini.
Ukuthena nokugcina
Umthi wothando kuyakunyamezela ukuthena kakuhle kwaye oku kubalulekile kwiminyaka yayo yokuqala nakwimizekelo yabantu abadala ukugcina imilo, ukuvuselela iintyatyambo kunye nokuthintela amasebe ukuba aphule okanye aphuhlise iindawo ezigulayo.
- Uqeqesho lokuthena: Kwimithi emincinci, yenza ukusikwa ukukhokela ukukhula kwaye ugweme i-branching ephantsi kakhulu okanye ejijekileyo.
- Ukuthenwa kwesondlo: Susa amasebe omileyo, agulayo okanye awonakele, ngokukhethekileyo kwiintsuku ezomileyo, ezishushu, ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, entwasahlobo.
- Musa ukuthena kakhulu ngexesha ngalinye: zitshintshe ngokwamandla omthi kunye nemeko jikelele.
- Iintlobo zabantu abadala: Nangona zingafuni kuthenwa ngokugqithisileyo, zinokuphinda zihlaziywe ngokusikeka okunamandla ukuvuselela umthi ukuba ukukhula kwawo kuyehla.
Ukongezelela, ukususa ii-pods ezomileyo ekupheleni kobusika kuya kuthintela umthi ekutyaleni amandla ekugcineni iziqhamo ezigugileyo.
Ukuchumisa kunye nomgquba
El Umbhalisi Kunconywa kanye ngonyaka, ngokukhethekileyo ngaphambi kokuhluma kwentwasahlobo. Ukuba umthi ukhula kumhlaba ochumileyo, ukongezwa kwezinto eziphilayo kunokwanela, kodwa kwimihlaba eyomileyo okanye ehlwempuzekileyo kufuneka yongezwe Izichumisi zendalo ezifana ne-compost, i-mulch okanye i-guano.
Ngexesha lokukhula, ukususela entwasahlobo ukuya ekupheleni kwehlobo, unokufaka isichumisi se-universal fluid kwizityalo zegadi rhoqo emva kweeveki ezimbalwa. Oku kwandisa iintyatyambo, ukukhula ngokubanzi, kunye nokumelana nezifo.
Ukuchasa, imozulu kunye nobunzima
Umthi wothando ukumelana kakhulu nokubanda kunye nembalela, ukumelana namaqondo obushushu asezantsi -10°C. Nangona kunjalo, iqabaka elide neliqhubekayo linokuchaphazela ngokunzulu iisampulu ezincinci okanye ezingaqhelanga. Ikhetha iindawo eziqaqambileyo kunye nemozulu efudumeleyo, nangona iyakwazi ukuphumelela kwiindawo ezipholileyo nje ukuba ifumana ukukhanya kwelanga kunye nobuncinci bokufuma kwi-substrate.
El umoya lolona tshaba luphambili yolo didi, ekubeni inokwaphula amasebe okanye iziqu, ivelise amanxeba athanda ukungena kwezifo.
Umthi wothando ayinyamezeli imihlaba enamanzi okanye ukufuma okugqithisileyo, okunokubangela ukubola kweengcambu. Kwakhona ayifanelekanga ukutyala kwiindawo ezineentaba okanye eziphakamileyo.
Indlela yokutyala umthi wothando: inyathelo ngesinyathelo
La ukuntshula kwembewu yeCercis siliquastrum Bafuna ukulungiswa okukhethekileyo, njengoko bane-dormancy yangaphakathi kunye ne-coating engenamanzi. Nantsi indlela elula nesebenzayo:
- Ubilise amanzi ngomlinganiselo we-1:10 (1 inxalenye yembewu, i-10 inxalenye yamanzi), susa ekushiseni kwaye uthele imbewu.
- Gxumisa imbewu kwiiyure ezili-12 ukuya kwezingama-24.
- Susa kwaye ukhuphe imbewu, uyishiye kwindawo engenamoya ngaphandle kwelanga, kwaye uyityale ngokukhawuleza kwibhedi yembewu.
Ukuba ukhetha ukukhawulezisa ukuntshula, kukho ezinye iinkqubo ezifana nokukrala ngoomatshini (i-sanding cover), unyango lwe-asidi, okanye i-stratification ebandayo (ukubeka efrijini iiveki eziliqela).
Las Imbewu ingahlwayelwa entwasahlobo okanye ekwindla. Emva kokuhlwayela, gcina isubstrate ifumile kodwa ungaze ugalelwe manzi kwaye ubeke ibhedi yembewu kumthunzi ophakathi. Zintshula phakathi Iintsuku ezi-15 ukuya kwezi-30 ukuba inkqubo ichanekile. Ukuphindaphinda ngako nako kuyenzeka iinqumle zesemi-wood ekupheleni kwehlobo okanye ngokubeka, nangona imbewu iyeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo.
Advanced Love Tree Care
Nangona kunjalo UCercis siliquastrum Kuthathwa njengokugcinwa okuphantsi, kukho iimeko apho kucetyiswa ukuba unakekele ngakumbi:
- Ukuchumisa okongeziweyo: Ukuba ukukhula kuyacotha okanye intyatyambo iyancipha kakhulu, chumisa ngezinto eziphilayo okanye isichumiso esithile sehlabathi lonke entwasahlobo.
- Ukuxhasa ukunkcenkceshela: Kwimeko yehlobo elomileyo kakhulu, gcina inkqubo yokunkcenkceshela iveki nganye, usoloko ujonga umsele.
- Ukhuseleko kwizitshabalalisi: Los i-aphid kunye ne-mealybugs Ezi zezona zinambuzane zixhaphakileyo, ngakumbi kuhlumelo lwethenda. Ukuba zivela, phatha nge-insecticide ephilayo okanye isepha ye-potassium.
- Izifo zokungunda: thobela Umngundo wamabala e-Coral, i-bark canker (Nectria cinnabarina) kunye ne-Verticillium dahliae blightUkuba amabala abomvu, iindawo ezitshoneyo, okanye amasebe omileyo avelayo, cima iindawo ezichaphazelekayo kwaye usebenzise isibulali zinambuzane esifanelekileyo.
- Ukuthena ngococeko: Susa amasebe onakaliswe yiqabaka, umoya, okanye sisifo. Sebenzisa izixhobo ezicocekileyo nezibukhali.
Ukuba umthi uphothiwe (ucetyiswa kuphela kwizityalo eziselula), sebenzisa iimbiza ezinkulu ezinomhlaba womhlaba wonke kwaye ugawule iingcambu kunye namasebe ukuze uqulethe ukukhula kwawo. Xa sele ifikelele ebudaleni, kufuneka isuswe emhlabeni ngokukhawuleza kuba ingcambu yayo ithintela ukukhula kwayo kwizikhongozeli ezincinci kwaye inciphisa ukudubula kweentyatyambo.
Ubomi kunye nophuhliso
El Umthi wothando unokuphila ukuya kwikhulu leminyaka phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo. Uphuhliso lwayo lukhawuleza kakhulu: lufikelela ekuvuthweni kunye nobude obuphezulu malunga neminyaka engama-20. Izithole ezithengiweyo kwindawo yokugcina abantwana zinokuvelisa iziqhamo kunye neentyatyambo emva kweminyaka emithathu; ezo zityalwe ngembewu ziya kuthabatha iminyaka emihlanu ukuvelisa iziqhamo eziphawulekayo neentyatyambo.
Ivelisa iziqhamo kanye ngonyaka, ukuqala ekupheleni kwehlobo xa iintyatyambo zasentlakohlaza ziwa. Ukudluliselwa kwepoleni, ngokuqhelekileyo zizinambuzane, kubalulekile ekuveliseni iziqhamo kunye nembewu esebenzayo.
Ukusetyenziswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwigadi
El UCercis siliquastrum Isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ixabiso layo lokuhombisa. Ibonwa rhoqo:
- Kwiigadi zabucala kunye nezikawonke-wonke, ukwenza amaqela okanye njengomzekelo ozimeleyo womthunzi wayo kunye neentyantyambo ezimangalisayo.
- Ulungelelwaniso lwesitrato, izikwere kunye ne-promenades, ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obuncinci kunye nokugcinwa okuphantsi.
- Njengesihlahla esincinci, esilungisiweyo, ngokuthenwa ngokufanelekileyo kwiminyaka yaso yokuqala.
- Ukubonelela ngezinto eziphilayo ngokutsala izinambuzane ezisasaza ipoleni.
Amaplanga awo akumgangatho ophantsi, aneentsinga, kwaye ajika ngokulula, ngoko ke alinaxabiso lentengiso. Nangona kunjalo, amaxolo ayo kunye neentyatyambo zisetyenziswa kwi-infusions kunye nokupheka kwe-gourmet.
Izinambuzane, izifo kunye neengxaki eziqhelekileyo
Nangona unamandla, umthi wothando unokuchaphazeleka:
- Iintwala kunye ne-mealybugs: Zihlala kumagqabi athambileyo kunye namagqabi, zenza buthathaka isityalo kunye nokukhuthaza ukubonakala kwefungi.
- Amakhowa: ingakumbi i-coral spot kunye ne-canker, ebangela ukujika kwebala, amabala abomvu, amasebe omileyo, kunye neendawo ezitshoneyo kwixolo. Kubalulekile ukususa iindawo ezigulayo kwaye unyange ngemichiza yokungunda xa kukho imfuneko.
- Umonakalo womoya: Bangaphula amasebe okanye iziqu kwimithi engekho mgangathweni okanye ebuthathaka ngokwesakhiwo.
- Iingxaki zokugcwala kwamanzi: Ukunkcenkceshelwa kakhulu okanye umhlaba oxinene kakhulu kunokubangela ukufa ngenxa yokubola kweengcambu.
Ukugcina inkqubo yokuhlola, yokucoca, nokuthena, kunye namanzi afanelekileyo kunye nokutya okufanelekileyo, kuya kuthintela uninzi lwezi ngxaki.
Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo malunga nomthi wothando
- Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba umthi wothando ukhule? Iqhele ukufikelela kubude bayo obudala malunga neminyaka engama-20, nangona iqala ukudumba kwaye ithwale iziqhamo ukusuka kunyaka wesithathu ukuba isuka kwindawo ekhulisa abantwana kwaye malunga nesihlanu ukuba ivela kwimbewu.
- Ngaba umthi wothando uyakwazi ukumelana nengqele? Iyakwazi ukumelana namaqondo obushushu aphantsi, ukuya kutsho kwi -10 ºC, kodwa ibuthathaka kwiqabaka ixesha elide kunye nomoya onamandla.
- Ngaba ingatyalwa embizeni? Kuphela xa umncinci kwaye ngexesha leminyaka embalwa yokuqala. Xa ifikelela kubukhulu bomntu omdala, kufuneka ihanjiswe emhlabeni.
- Ngaba iintyatyambo ziyatyiwa? Ewe, zinokutyiwa kwiisaladi okanye izimuncumuncu kwaye zibe nencasa enesiqholo.
- Uvelisa njani kakuhle? Ngembewu, kusetyenziswa unyango ukuphula i-dormancy, okanye ngokusika kunye nokwaleka kancinci.
Umthi womjunipha luhlobo olugqibeleleyo kuyo nayiphi na igadi okanye indawo eluhlaza ngenxa yokunyamekela kwayo, iintyatyambo ezintle, kunye nobunzima obukhulu. Ngendawo enelanga, ukunkcenkceshela okunengqiqo, umhlaba ococekileyo, kunye nokunyamekela okuncinci konyaka, unokuyonwabela umboniso obonelela ngawo entwasahlobo yonke iminyaka.