El isityalo, ngokwenzululwazi eyaziwa njenge UPlantago omkhulu, yenye ye izityalo zamayeza ezidumileyo kwaye zixatyiswe ngenxa yeepropathi zazo ezininzi zokunyanga kunye nokuguquguquka okukhulu. Zisetyenziswa kumayeza endalo kunye nakwi-gastronomy kunye negadi, zimi ngaphandle kokukwazi ukukhula kwazo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeendawo zokuhlala kunye nokugcinwa kwazo ngokulula.
Iimpawu zeBotanical zeplantain
IPlantain yi Isityalo esingapheliyo yosapho lwePlantaginaceae, inzalelwane yaseYurophu naseAsia kodwa ngoku isasazeke kulo lonke ihlabathi. Iqondwa ngokulula yiyo i-basal rosette yamagqabi abanzi, i-oval, enemithambo ehambelanayo echazwe kakuhle. Amagqabi anokumeta phakathi kwe-10 kunye ne-20 cm ubude kwaye aneencam ezirhaxa kancinci. Funda ngakumbi malunga neempawu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo.
Las flores Iintyatyambo zeplantain zincinci, zimhlophe okanye ziluhlaza ngombala, zihlanganiswe kwi-inflorescences emile okwe-spike evela kwizikhondo ezide ukusuka kumbindi werozi. Iintyatyambo ukusuka entwasahlobo ukuya ekuqaleni kokwindla. Isiqhamo somile kwaye si-oval, sinembewu encinci evumela ukwanda lula.
Ngaphakathi kwi-genus Plantago kukho ezinye iintlobo ezininzi, ezifana UPlantago lanceolata (iplantain encinci), kodwa iplantain enkulu yeyona yaziwayo kwaye isetyenziswa kumayeza nakwigadi.
Iinzuzo zonyango kunye neempawu zeplantain
- Anti-ukudumba kunye nokuphilisa: Iqulethe iipolyphenols, mucilages, iridoids, tannins kunye neflavonoids ezinceda ukudumba okuzolileyo, ukukhawulezisa ukuphulukiswa kwesilonda kunye nokunciphisa ukutshisa okanye i-eczema.
- I-antibacterial kunye ne-antiviral: Izicatshulwa zayo zinceda ukulwa neebhaktheriya ezifana Staphylococcus aureus, I-Bacillus subtilis y Escherichia coli, ngaphezu kokuba neziphumo ezichasene neentsholongwane ezithile.
- Iipropati zokwetyisa kunye nokucoca: I-Plantain iluncedo kunyango lwe isilonda esiswini, gastritis, urhudo kunye nokuqunjelwa (ingakumbi imbewu yayo ngenxa yesiqulatho sayo se-mucilage esiphezulu, esinesiphumo esincinci sokuthomalalisa).
- I-Expectorant kunye ne-antitussive: Iyaziwa ngokusebenza kwayo ekuphatheni iimeko zokuphefumla, ezifana ukukhwehlela, i-bronchitis, i-pharyngitis kunye ne-laryngitis, ngenxa yokukwazi ukukhulula ukucaphuka kunye nokukhuthaza ukuxoshwa kweemfihlo.
- I-Diuretic kunye ne-hepatoprotective: Inceda ukuphucula ukusebenza kwesibindi kunye nokucoca umzimba ngokususa i-toxins kunye nokunceda kwiimeko zokusuleleka kwi-urinary tract okanye isibindi esinamafutha.
Ukongeza, ngumthombo we iiminerali (i-calcium, i-iron, i-potassium, i-magnesium, i-selenium) y iivithamini (A, B, C, K). Ukuba unqwenela ukungena nzulu kwi iintlobo zezityalo zonyango ukuba ungakhula ekhaya, sincoma ukuhlola iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezincedisayo.
Ukusetyenziswa kweplantain: indlela yokusebenzisa isityalo
- Ukumnika: Amagqabi omisiweyo asetyenziswa kumlinganiselo wecephe elinye ngekomityi yamanzi. Kuthathwa kathathu ngosuku ukukhulula izifo zokuphefumula kunye nokugaya.
- Ipoultice okanye compress: Amagqabi amatsha acoliweyo asetyenziswa kwaye agalelwe ngqo kumanxeba, ukutsha, izilonda, izilonda, ukulunywa zizinambuzane kunye ne-eczema.
- Ijusi: Gcoba amaqabunga amatsha kwaye ukhuphe ijusi, enokuthi isetyenziswe esikhumbeni ukuze ilunywe okanye idliwe kwisisu esingenalutho kwimiphumo yokucoca.
- Isiraphu kunye ne-tincture: Isiraphu isetyenziselwa ukhohlokhohlo; i-tincture, ekhoyo kwii-herbalists, ithathwa ngomlomo ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo.
- Ukutya: Amagqabi amancinci angatyiwa ekrwada kwii saladi okanye aphekwe. Imbewu, etyebileyo kwi-mucilage, isetyenziselwa ukujiya isityu kunye nezonka.
Isexwayiso: Nangona kuthathwa njengesityalo esikhuselekileyo kwimilinganiselo ephakathi, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuchasene nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo, oomama abangabongikazi, kunye nabantu abane-pathologies ethile. Soloko udibana nengcali yezempilo phambi kokuqala naluphi na unyango.
Ukunyamekelwa kweplantain kunye nokulima
IPlantain yi isityalo esomeleleyo kakhulu, ekwazi ukukhula kwiigadi, ezimbizeni, okanye zasendle kwiindawo zasedolophini nasezilalini.
- Umboniso: Ikhetha ilanga eligcweleyo kodwa inyamezela umthunzi ophakathi.
- Umhlaba: Iguquguquka kakhulu; ifaneleke ngokufanelekileyo kumhlaba onesanti, ochumileyo, kunye nowomileyo. Ayichumi kumhlaba onodongwe olugqithileyo okanye onamanzi amaninzi.
- Unkcenkceshelo: Phakathi. Gcina inqanaba eliphakathi lokufuma, kodwa vumela umphezulu we-substrate ukuba wome phakathi kokunkcenkceshela. Xa sele iqalisiwe, iyakwazi ukumelana namaxesha embalela.
- Umbhalisi: Ukongezwa okulula komgquba okanye umgquba obole kakuhle ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo uya kukwanela.
- Ukuprintwa: Susa i-spikes yeentyatyambo ezomisiweyo ukukhusela ukuzizalisa ngokweqile kunye nokukhuthaza impilo yezityalo.
- Ukuchasana: Inyamezela izinambuzane eziqhelekileyo kunye nezifo, nangona iimbungu kunye ne-slugs zinokuhlasela amaqabunga ayo. Ayinyamezeli kakuhle iqabaka eyomeleleyo kunye nexesha elide.
- Usasazeko: Ngembewu entlakohlaza okanye ngokwahlulahlula izigaqa.
Imiphumo enokwenzeka kunye ne-contraindications
Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kweplantain kunokubangela ukozela, i-colic, ukungakhululeki kokutya, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, okanye ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni ngenxa yesiphumo sokuqunjelwa kwayo. Imbewu yayo inokunciphisa iswekile yegazi, ngoko ke i-diabetes kufuneka idibane neengcali. Ichasene nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo, abafazi abancancisayo, abantwana abancinci, kunye nabantu abanesifo senhliziyo okanye ukuvinjelwa kwamathumbu.
Ukuguquguquka kweplantain kunye nokulula kwayo ukuyilima kuyenza ibe ngumhlobo wegadi kunye nempilo yendalo. Ayigcini nje ngokubonelela nge-antibacterial, expectorant, kunye neempawu zokuphilisa amanxeba, kodwa inokuba yinxalenye yokutya kwakho kwemihla ngemihla kwaye ifake isandla kwintlalontle jikelele. Imbali yayo yemveli kunye nenkxaso yenzululwazi yenza ukuba ibe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kwabo bafuna ezinye iindlela zendalo nezizinzileyo.
