Ibhotolocup (ranunculus asiaticus), ekwabizwa ngokuba yiranunculus, sisityalo esineentyantyambo ezimangalisayo kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zemibala eyahlukahlukeneyo abathanda ukulima isitiya abayithandayo ngenxa yenkangeleko yaso, ukuguquguquka, kunye nokulula ukusilima. Kweli nqaku, sihlolisisa ukhathalelo kunye neempawu ze-ranunculus, ezigubungela yonke into oyifunayo ukuze uyikhulise egadini, ebhodweni, okanye njengentyatyambo enqunywe, ngokusekelwe kolona lwazi lupheleleyo kunye nolwazi olucacileyo ngolu hlobo kunye nabanye kwi-genus. i-ranunculus.
Iimpawu kunye neentlobo ze-ranunculus
I-Buttercups zizityalo ezihlala ixesha elide ezivelisa iingcambu ze-tuberous, ezaziwa ngokuba zii-bulbs, nangona ngokwebhotani ziyi-tubers. Bayinxalenye ye Usapho lweRanunculaceae, yenziwe ngeentlobo ezingaphezu kwama-400 ezisasazwa kulo lonke ihlabathi, ngakumbi eYurophu, eAsia naseMelika.
Ukuphakama kwabo kuyahluka ngokweentlobo kunye neemeko ezikhulayo, ngokuqhelekileyo ukusuka kwi-20 ukuya kwi-60 cm, nangona ezinye iintlobo ziyakwazi ukudlula lo bude. amagqabi alula, anamazinyo, anzulu aluhlaza, ngokuchasene nokugqabhuka kombala weentyatyambo zayo. ziyadubula, zininzi kwaye zinde, inikezela ngeentyatyambo eziphindwe kabini okanye eziphindwe kabini kwii-shades ezivela kumhlophe, ophuzi, i-orange, obomvu, opinki okanye omfusa.
Igama layo livela kwisiLatin ranunculus, elithetha "isele elincinci," ngenxa yokuthanda kwalo indawo efumileyo, efana neendawo zokuhlala ezi zilwanyana zasemanzini. Nangona zinokufana ne-peonies okanye iirozi ngenxa yobume beglobula kunye nobuninzi bamagqabi, i-ranunculus luhlobo olwahluke ngokupheleleyo.
Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo ze-ranunculus ezikhule kwiigadi kunye neembiza:
- ranunculus asiaticus: Yeyona ntlobo ilinywayo kwaye ixatyiswa kakhulu kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeemilo kunye nemibala yeentyatyambo zayo, ezinokuthi ziphindwe kabini okanye ziphindwe kabini. Inokufikelela kwi-30 okanye i-40 cm ubude kwaye ixhaphake kwiintyatyambo kunye neegadi zokuhombisa.
- Ranunculus acrisYaziwa ngokuba yibuttercup, ineentyantyambo ezimthubi ezinamagqabi amahlanu kwaye inokukhula ukuya kutsho kwi-70 cm. Yomelele kakhulu kwaye inokufunyanwa ikhula endle kumadlelo afumileyo.
- IRanunculus ficaria: Incinci ngobukhulu (malunga ne-15 cm), iyahlukaniswa ngeentyantyambo zayo eziphuzi ezikhanyayo, malunga no-5 cm ububanzi, kunye neengcambu eziziibhubhu.
- I-Ranunculus arvensis: I-buttercup yonyaka ekhula ngokukhawuleza kunye neentyatyambo eziqaqambileyo ezityheli ukuya kwi-60 cm ubude. Ixhaphake kakhulu kuMntla Afrika kwaye ayixhaphakanga kwiigadi zaseYurophu.
Kuzo zonke iimeko, i-ranunculus isetyenziselwa ukulungelelaniswa kweentyatyambo, iibhedi zegadi, iimbiza, kunye neeplanti, ezisa umbala kunye nokutsha kuzo zombini iindawo zangaphakathi nangaphandle. Ukongeza kubuhle bazo obubonakalayo, ezinye iiranunculus zikwasetyenziselwa ukuhombisa, nokuba ziintyatyambo ezisikiweyo kulungiselelo okanye njengeepetali zokuhombisa ubugcisa.
Imvelaphi kunye nezinto ezinomdla kwi-ranunculus
Imvelaphi ye-ranunculus yi-Eurasian, kwaye nangona i-epicenter yokulima kunye nophuhliso lweentlobo ezintsha ezinxulumene ne-Italiya, ezi zityalo ziye zasasazeka kwiindawo ezinemozulu epholileyo. Kukholelwa ukuba ukwanda kwawo kweminye imimandla yaseYurophu kwakubangelwa lurhwebo kunye nesenzo samaJoni Omnqamlezo awayesuka kwimpuma yeMeditera.
Ukukwazi kwabo ukukhula kufutshane namachibi, amachibi, kunye nemisinga kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni banxulumane namasele, kungoko babizwa ngegama lesiLatini. Ngokwendalo, i-buttercups ingaba yinto yonyaka kunye neyonyaka, kuxhomekeke kwiintlobo, kwaye ivumelane neendawo ezahlukeneyo zokuhlala, ukusuka kwiindawo ezimanzi ukuya kwimida yehlathi.
Ngolwimi lweentyatyambo, i-ranunculus ifanekisela ukuthomalalisa kunye nomtsalaneNgokwesiko, ukunika isipha se-ranunculus kudlulise ukuncoma kunye nokuncoma. Intsingiselo iyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kumbala: iphuzi lidibene nokukhanga, elimhlophe ngokukhohlisa, kunye nepinki okanye ebomvu ngothando olunomdla.
Umdla obalulekileyo kukuba Zonke iindawo ze-ranunculus zinetyhefu Ukuba kutyiwe, oku kunokuba yingozi kubantu nakwizilwanyana zasekhaya. Ukuphatha rhoqo kunokubangela i-eczema kwisikhumba esibucayi, ngoko luluvo oluhle ukunxiba iiglavu ukuba uqhelene nokusabela kwesikhumba. Gcina iiglowubhu kunye nezityalo zikude nezilwanyana zasekhaya kunye nabantwana abancinci.
Imozulu efanelekileyo kunye nendawo ye-ranunculus
I-ranunculus sisityalo semozulu epholileyo esikhetha ukupholisa, kodwa kungekhona kakhulu, ukushisa. Inyamezela ingqele kangcono kunezityalo ezininzi ezineentyantyambo, nokuba zimelana neeqabaka ezikhanyayo; nangona kunjalo, ukukhula kwayo okugqibelele kwenzeka xa amaqondo obushushu asezantsi kancinane engaphezulu kancinane komkhenkce kwaye amaqondo aphezulu angadluli kwi-18-20°C ixesha elide.
Kwiindawo ezinobusika obubanda kakhulu, kungcono ukutyala iiglowubhu ezikhuselweyo kwiqabaka eqatha, mhlawumbi kwiimbiza eziphathwayo okanye kwiigadi ezine-mulch okanye i-mulch. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba imozulu ishushu kakhulu, nikezela ngomthunzi oyingxenye phakathi kwemini ukuze ugweme uxinzelelo olunzulu lobushushu.
Eyona ndawo ifanelekileyo yileyo ifumanayo ukukhanya kwendalo okuninzi kodwa ngaphandle kokuchaswa ngokuthe ngqo elangeni imini yonke. I ilanga elihluziweyo okanye umthunzi ophakathi Ilungile, ikhusela ilanga elitshisayo ngakumbi kwiindawo ezishushu.
Umoya omtsha kunye nokujikeleza kubalulekile ukukhusela izifo zefungal, kodwa ugweme iidrafti ezibukhali okanye ukusondela kwimithombo yokushisa yokwenziwa ngaphakathi. Ingakhuliswa ngaphandle (igadi, i-terrace, i-balcony) kunye nangaphakathi, ukuba nje ifumana ukukhanya okwaneleyo kunye nobushushu obuphakathi.
Umhlaba ofanelekileyo, i-substrate kunye ne-drainage
Ukukhulisa i-ranunculus ngempumelelo, kubalulekile ukulungiselela a umhlaba okhululekileyo nolula onokuhambisa amanziUkuchithwa kwamanzi kubangela ukuba iibhubhu zibole, ngoko ukuthungwa kwe-substrate kubalulekile.
Umxube ofanelekileyo uquka isiseko somgangatho womhlaba ongaphezulu, isanti erhabaxa kunye nomgquba ovuthiweyo. Ukuba umhlaba unodongwe kakhulu, luluvo olulungileyo lokuphucula ubume bawo ngokugalela isanti, iperlite, okanye ivermiculite, ukuthintela iindawo apho amanzi athi shwaka emva kokunkcenkceshela okanye imvula.
- I-asidi encinci ukuya kwi-pH engathathi hlangothi (phakathi kwe-6 kunye ne-7)
- Zityebile kwizinto eziphilayo
- Ukuthungwa okuxekethileyo ukuququzelela uphuhliso lweengcambu ze-tuberous
Ebhodweni, sebenzisa isubstrate yorhwebo yezityalo ezidubulayo ezityetyiswe nge-worm humus, eqinisekisa umaleko wokukhupha amanzi. igrabile okanye udongwe olwandisiweyo emazantsi esitya.
Ukutyala: Nini kwaye njani ukuhlwayelwa kweeBhalbhu zeRanunculus
Ukutyala ii-tubers ze-ranunculus kuxhomekeke kwimozulu yendawo. Ngokuqhelekileyo zityalwe xa umngcipheko weqhwa elibi lidlulile kwaye umhlaba uqala ukufudumala, nangona kwiindawo ezinobusika obupholileyo, zingatyalwa ekwindla ebusika okanye ekuqaleni kweentyantyambo zentwasahlobo.
- Phambi kokutyala, igalela amanzi kwimibhobho ngokuwafaka emanzini ashushu ubuncinane iiyure ezingama-24. Oku kukhawulezisa ukuntshula kunye neengcambu.
- Tyala i-tubers kubunzulu obuyi-5 cm, kunye "neenzipho" ezijonge ezantsi kwaye zahlule isampuli nganye phakathi kwe-12 kunye ne-20 cm, kuxhomekeke kubukhulu obunokuthi bufikeleleke.
- Gcwalisa ngomxube we-substrate, cinezela ngobumnene kunye namanzi ukuhlalisa umhlaba.
- Kwiimbiza, khangela ukuba isikhongozeli sinemingxuma yokuhambisa amanzi kwaye umxube awuwagcini amanzi amaninzi.
Ibhalbhu esempilweni emalunga ne-5 cm ububanzi inokuvelisa iintyatyambo ezilishumi elinesibini ngexesha lonyaka, kuxhomekeke kulawulo kunye nokuchumisa.
Ukunkcenkceshela, ukuchumisa kunye nokugcina
Kwiveki yokuqala emva kokutyala, i-ranunculus idinga ukunkcenkceshela okuninzi ukuze kusebenze ukukhula kweengcambu, kodwa soloko ukuphepha ukugalela amanzi kwi-substrate. Nje ukuba zihlume, zinkcenkceshele rhoqo, uzigcine kakuhle umhlaba ofumileyo kancinaneKungcono ukubeka indawo yokunkcenkceshela kunye nokulawula ukufuma kunokuba ugqithise kwaye ubangele ukubola.
Nciphisa amaxesha okunkcenkceshela xa isityalo silele (ekupheleni kweentyatyambo kunye nasehlotyeni kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo). Susa iintyatyambo ezibunile namagqabi awonakeleyo ukuvuselela ukubonakala kwamahlumela kunye neentyatyambo ezintsha.
Ngokuphathelele ukuchumisa, yongeza isichumisi seminerali okanye isichumiso se-organic rhoqo emva kweentsuku eziyi-14-20 ukusuka ekuveleni kwamahlumela okuqala kude kube sekupheleni kweentyantyambo. Isichumiso sezityalo ezidubulayo, esityebileyo kwi potassium kunye ne nitrogen encinci, sikhuthaza a ixesha elide kunye neentyantyambo ezininzi.
Kuphephe ukugqithiswa kwesichumiso senitrogen, kuba sinokubangela ukukhula kwamagqabi ngokugqithisileyo, nto leyo enokuphazamisa ukudumba kweentyatyambo.
Izinambuzane, izifo kunye netyhefu
I-buttercup sisityalo esomeleleyo, kodwa sinokuhlaselwa ama-slugs, iinkumba kwaye, kancinci kancinci, amangolwane kunye neentwalaI-slugs kunye neenkumba zinokutya amagqabi kunye neentyatyambo, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezifumileyo. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubeke izithintelo zomzimba, izithiyelo, okanye ugalele uthuthu kwizityalo ukuze uzikhusele.
Phakathi kwezifo, ukungunda okufana nokungunda nokubola kunokuvela ukuba imo engqongileyo ifume kakhulu okanye umhlaba uzele ngamanzi. Ngoko ke, uthintelo luqala ngamanzi alungileyo kunye nokunkcenkceshela okwaneleyo.
Recuerda que Zonke iintlobo ze-buttercups zinetyhefu kwaye akufuneki ukuba ityiwe ngabantu okanye izilwanyana zasekhaya. Phatha iiglavu ukuba unolusu olubuthathaka, kwaye ugcine abantwana kunye nezilwanyana zasekhaya kude nesityalo kunye neeglowubhu zaso.
I-Potted ranunculus: iingcebiso ezongezelelweyo zokuzikhulisa
Ukukhulisa i-ranunculus kwiimbiza kugqibelele, ngakumbi ukuba uneqabaka okanye umhlaba wodongwe kwigadi yakho. Sebenzisa izikhongozeli ubunzulu obuyi-20 cm ubunzulu kwaye ububanzi ngokwaneleyo ukulungiselela iibhalbhu ezininzi, soloko uhlonipha isithuba esicetyiswayo phakathi kweebhalbhu.
- Qala nge-substrate ecebileyo, elula, ekhupha kakuhle.
- Beka iibhalbhu kubunzulu obukhankanywe kumacandelo angaphambili, ugqume kancinci ngomhlaba ngaphandle kokudibanisa kakhulu.
- Qinisekisa ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo kunye namaqondo obushushu apholileyo, ukuthintela ukukhanya kwelanga ngexesha elishushu kakhulu.
- Sika iintyatyambo ezibunile ukuze ukhulise ukudubula kweentyatyambo kwaye ugcine isityalo sisempilweni.
Emva kokuba umjikelo wezityalo uphelile kwaye isityalo singena kwi-dormancy, vumela i-substrate yome ngokuthe ngcembe, ukunciphisa ukunkcenkceshela, kwaye, xa indawo yasemoyeni inyamalala, susa kwaye ugcine i-tubers kwindawo eyomileyo, epholileyo, nemnyama kude kube lixesha elilandelayo lokutyala.
Indlela yokulondoloza kunye nokusebenzisa kwakhona iibhalbhu ze-ranunculus?
Ekupheleni kweentyantyambo kwaye xa amaqabunga omile ngokupheleleyo, unokususa ii-tubers ukuba ukhula kwimimandla enobusika obubandayo kakhulu okanye umhlaba oqokelela umswakama. Zicoce kakuhle, zomise ngomoya emthunzini, kwaye uzigcine kwiingxowa zephepha okanye kwiibhokisi zekhadibhodi kwindawo ekhuselweyo, eyomileyo, nengenamoya.
Ezi zigaqa zingasetyenziselwa ixesha elitsha lokukhula, kulandelwa inkqubo efanayo yokuqala yokufaka amanzi kunye nenkqubo yokutyala. Ukwahlula iingcambu ze-tuberous ekwindla yenye indlela yokuphindaphinda, njengoko kuhlwayelwa imbewu, nangona le yokugqibela icotha kwaye intsonkothile ngakumbi, ulwahlulo lulolona khetho luxhaphakileyo ngabantu abangafundanga kunye neengcali.
Ukukhathalela i-ranunculus njengentyatyambo esikiweyo
Ukongeza ekukhuleni egadini okanye embizeni, i-ranunculus igqame njenge isikiwe intyatyambo Ngenxa yobuhle babo, ukuqina, kunye nenkqubo yokuvula ngokuthe ngcembe kwi-vase. Ukuze ujabulele iintyatyambo zabo ixesha elide, landela la macebiso:
- Sika iziqu nge-diagonally malunga ne-2-3 cm ngaphambi kokuba uzibeke kwi-vase.
- Susa amagqabi aphantsi kwamanzi ukukhusela ukukhula kwebhaktheriya.
- Gcwalisa i-vase ngamanzi acocekileyo kwaye ungeze isilondolozi seentyatyambo, utshintshe amanzi rhoqo ngeentsuku ezimbini.
- Beka ilungiselelo kwindawo eqaqambileyo, epholileyo kude nedrafti kunye nokukhanya kwelanga.
Ngale ndlela, ungayigcina i-ranunculus ikwimeko egqibeleleyo kangangeentsuku ezi-6 ukuya kwezili-10, ujonge amathupha ngokucothayo evuleka.
Ukuhlobisa kunye nokusetyenziswa kokuhlobisa
I-ranunculus yenye yeentyatyambo ezixabiswa kakhulu ekuhombiseni iintyatyambo, zombini ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Yalo imilo enemibala kunye neglowubhu ukuzenza zibe zilungele ukulungiswa kweentyatyambo, ukuqanjwa kwevazi, iindawo eziphambili okanye nokwenza imifanekiso enamagqabi acinezelweyo. Iintyatyambo zeebhalkhoni Zikwajongeka ngakumbi kwiivasesi okanye kwiiplanti, zongeza umbala kunye novuyo kuyo nayiphi na indawo.
Egadini, idibanisa ngokugqibeleleyo kunye nezinye iibhubhu (i-tulips, i-anemones, i-hyacinths), kunye nezityalo ze-spring-flowering herbaceous. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwii-flowerbeds kunye nemida yongeza umbala oguquguqukayo kunye nokuthungwa, kwaye inokutyalwa ngokuxineneyo ukudala umphumo wekhaphethi yeentyatyambo.
I-Ranunculus petals ingasetyenziselwa njengento yokuhlobisa kwi-crafts kunye nobugcisa beentyatyambo, ukongeza umnxeba wothando kunye nobuthathaka kulo naliphi na igumbi.
