Los ntwala Ziliqela elibanzi lezinambuzane esinokuthi sibandakanye kuzo ntwala, Las Iimpukane ezimhlophe kunye mealybugs. Ezi zinambuzane ziyinxalenye yezinambuzane ezininzi zezityalo kunye nezityalo zasegadini. Zezomyalelo we-Hemiptera kunye ne-suborder Homoptera. Phakathi kweentwala ezihlala zihlasela igadi sineeaphid.
Kweli nqaku siza kuchaza iimpawu zezi zinambuzane zibangela izinambuzane kunye nentloko yokwenene yezityalo, umjikelo wobomi bazo kunye nendlela ekufuneka uziphathe ngayo ukuze uzisuse okanye uzithintele.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Okokuqala kukukwazi ukuba zinjani iiaphids ukuze zikwazi ukuzichonga zakuba ziqalisile ukusasazeka kwizityalo zethu okanye kwizityalo zokuhombisa. I-aphid inokuba nemibala eliqela: kukho omthubi, oluhlaza, orenji, mnyama, njl. Ngokwesiqhelo, Zincinci kakhulu kangangokuba kufuneka usondele ukuze uzibone. Ubungakanani bayo buyi-1 ukuya kwi-6 mm. Singazifumana ngeliso lenyama ukuba sijonga ngokusondeleyo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo zifumaneka kwiindawo ezinamaqondo aphezulu kunye nomswakama ophantsi. Ke ngoko, izityalo ezinomswakama ngakumbi ezifuna indawo epholileyo, azihlali zihlaselwa ziintwala. Zintwala zisebenza ngakumbi entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni Yilapho amaqondo obushushu ephezulu kwaye umphunga wamanzi ubangela ukuba kunciphe kakhulu ukufuma. Umhlaba ochumise kakhulu ungalungela ukwanda ngokukhawuleza. Ke ngoko, njengoko siza kubona kamva, kubalulekile ukulawula kakuhle iidosi zezichumisi esizongezayo kwaye uhlala ugcina ubuncinci bokufuma, okoko isityalo sikuvumelayo.
Umnqa wobomi
Ubomi bayo bunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisityalo esihlaliswe kuso. Gcina ukhumbula ukuba banamathela kancinci kumjikelo wobomi besityalo abahlala kuso. Sine I-monoecia aphids, enokuhlala kwisityalo esinye kunye neheteroecia, ezihlala kwizityalo ezininzi kuxhomekeke kwixesha lonyaka nakumaqondo obushushu. Oku kuthetha ukuba kuyafuneka ukuba sinike ingqwalaselo yokuba iimeko zokusingqongileyo esinazo zilungele ukuveliswa kwazo nokwandiswa kwazo okanye, kwelinye icala, sinegalelo ekuphelisweni kwazo.
Ngokumalunga nokuzala, iintwala zineentlobo ezimbini: iviviparous kunye ne-oviparous. Iikoloni zezi zinambuzane zihlala zikhula ngesantya esibi. Basasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwaye bafaka yonke into ngexesha elifutshane. Indawo apho fumana iintwala ngokuchanekileyo kungaphantsi kwegqabi. Uninzi lwazo zonke, bathanda amagqabi amatsha kunye namahlumela ethenda. Enye indlela yokuchonga ubukho besifo se-aphid kwisityalo sethu kukubona ukuba ngaba isityalo sineempawu ezithile ezifana namagqabi aqengqelekayo nagudileyo, amabala aqine, aluhlaza namthubi okanye ubukho beembovane ezininzi.
Kukho iintwala ezingenamaphiko kwaye ezinye zinamaphiko. Njengesiqhelo, Isizukulwana sokuqala esiqandusela amaqanda emva kobusika ngokuqhelekileyo asinamaphiko. Nangona kunjalo, emva kwezizukulwana ezininzi, sinendawo engaphezulu yekoloniyali kwisityalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba isizukulwana siza kuzalwa sinamaphiko asebenza ukuze sikwazi ukufudukela kwezinye izityalo kwaye siqokelele indawo engaphezulu.
Zonke ezo ziqanduselwa kumaqanda entwasahlobo ngabantu ababhinqileyo. Ezi mazi zingaphila ukuya kwiintsuku ezingama-25, apho zizalela khona amaqanda angaphezu kwama-80. Ukuveliswa kwentwasahlobo nasehlotyeni kuyinto ye-asexual ngokupheleleyo, ke eyindoda ayingeni kwaphela.
Ulawulo lwe-Aphid
Enye yezona ndlela zisebenzayo zokunyanga iiaphid ngokwendalo kukujikeleza kwesityalo unyaka nonyaka. Singatyala ezinye izityalo ezinganyangekiyo I-etruscan inyosi, I-nettle okanye i-lavender.
Kwelinye icala, sinokusebenzisa ezinye izinambuzane njengeentshaba zendalo. Kukwaziwa njengezilwanyana ezincedisayo:
- Iintlobo zohlobo lweAphidius
- Izibungu ze-Neuroptera kunye nabantu abadala
- Iingcongconi zeCoccinellid
- Izibungu zeDiptera
- Ezinye zeHymenoptera zikwangamarhamncwa aphid
Ezinye izinto esinokuzenza ukulawula ukusasazeka kwezi zinambuzane kukusebenzisa amanzi anesepha. Lunyango olufanelekileyo lokulwa nayo. Izityalo ezichaphazelekayo kufuneka zitshizwe ngepunipoon yesepha engathathi hlangothi exutywe kwilitha yamanzi. Singabilisa neekomityi ezimbini zamanzi kunye nexolo leorenji. Ukuyeka ukuphumla kangangeeyure ezingama-24, ukuyihluza kunye nokongeza isepha emhlophe engama-50/50, unokutshiza kwizityalo ezichaphazelekayo.
Siza kuhlalutya amanye amayeza asekhaya asebenze kakuhle. Njengoko sihlala sizama apha, kungcono ukunyanga izinambuzane kunye nezifo ngamayeza endalo kunye nendalo. Ngale ndlela asisebenzisi nayiphi na imichiza enokuthi ingcolise igadi yethu. Sinamayeza:
- Bayabamba itswele ezimbini ezinkulu kwilitha nganye yamanzi. Bilisa imizuzu eli-10 kwaye bayeke bapholise. Xa siyixinanisa, sinokutshiza ngalo manzi.
- Con igalikhi zininzi izinto ezinokwenzeka. Into yokuqala kukutyala kufutshane neendawo ezichaphazelekayo. Singazisika ngeehafu okanye ziphelele. Kwelinye icala, sinokulungiselela amanzi okutshiza izityalo, sibilisa ii-clove eziphakathi eziyi-8 kwilitha yamanzi imizuzu engama-20. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba mayiphumle malunga nosuku ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa.
- Ngomnatha, Sinokwenza macerate i-100 gram yamagqabi kangangeentsuku ezili-15. Umxube siwuhambisa mihla le. Emva kokuyihluza yonke, singayisebenzisa. Lo mxube, nangona ucotha, awupheleli nje ekubulaleni iintwala, kodwa ukomeleza izityalo kwaye uzinceda ukuba zikwazi ukumelana nezinambuzane nezifo.
- Amagqabi eTumato singazibilisa imizuzu eli-15. Ukuziyeka ziphumle ubusuku bonke nokuzisokolisa, sinokutshiza ii-aphids.
- Ukuthengiswa kwehashe Akukhuthazwa kuphela ukuqinisa isityalo, kodwa kunye nokulwa nale nambuzane. Kukulungele ukufaka isicelo ngexesha lasentwasahlobo ukujongana namaqondo aphezulu obushushu ehlotyeni.
Njengoko ubona, kukho iindlela ezininzi zendalo zokulwa le nambuzane. Into esimele ukusoloko siyikhumbula kukuba kubalulekile ukugcina iimeko ezintle egadini. Ukuba sibona amagqabi okanye iziqhamo zikwimeko embi, kungcono sizisuse kwangoko, ngaphambi kokuba zingcolise ezinye. Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luyakunceda ukunyanga iintwala.