Izityalo ezifanelekileyo kwimozulu yeentaba: Isikhokelo esipheleleyo kwiintlobo, ukulungelelanisa, kunye nokunyamekela

Imozulu yenye yezona zinto zigqibayo ekukhuleni kwezityalo, ekuphuhliseni nasekuphileni kwayo. Ukuphakama, ukuqhelaniswa, kunye nomgama ukusuka kwi-ikhweyitha kuchaphazela zombini ubushushu kunye nokufumaneka kwamanzi, kusebenza njengovavanyo lwemihla ngemihla lwezityalo ezihlala kwiindawo ezisezintabeni. Izityalo ziqhelene nemozulu yasezintabeni Ziintshatsheli zokwenyani zokomelela kunye nokuguquguquka, ezikwaziyo ukuphila kwaye zichume apho ezinye izinto eziphilayo zingakwazi ukuphila.

Oku kwantlukwano kunye namandla kuye kwavelisa ubutyebi obumangalisayo beentlobo, ukusuka kwimithi yamandulo ekwaziyo ukunyamezela ubusika banaphakade kunye nehlobo elikhawulezayo ukuya kwiintyatyambo ezincinci ezinemibala yamatye anobutshaba. Makhe sifumanise ngokweenkcukacha ukuba injani imozulu yeentaba, zeziphi iintlobo ezikhoyo, iindlela zokusinda kwiintyatyambo zealpine, kunye noluhlu olubanzi lwezityalo. izityalo ezifanelekileyo kwimozulu yeentaba onokuthi ukhule okanye uthandeke kwigadi yakho okanye ngexesha lokuhamba kwakho ukuya kwiindawo eziphakamileyo.

Injani imozulu yasezintabeni kwaye izichaphazela njani izityalo?

Imozulu yentaba ichazwa ngu impembelelo ephawulekayo yokuphakama kweemeko zomoyaNjengoko sinyuka, ubushushu buhla ngo-0,5 ukuya kwi-1 ° C kwi-100 yeemitha zokuphakama. Oku kuhla kwe-thermal kudityaniswa kukuvezwa okukhulu kwimimoya, imitha ye-ultraviolet engaphaya, utshintsho ngequbuliso lobushushu emini ebusuku, kunye nepateni yemvula eyahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwithambeka, ubude kunye nomhlaba.

Ngokomzekelo, ukukhanya kwelanga nomoya kunokubangela ukuba elinye icala lentaba ligutyungelwe ngamahlathi afumileyo, ngoxa elinye icala linezityalo ezikwaziyo ukumelana nembalela neqabaka egqithiseleyo. Ukuwa kwekhephu kunye nomkhenkce kuxhaphakile, kwaye izityalo kufuneka ziziqhelanise neenyanga zokungasebenzi okanye zingcwatywe phantsi kwekhephu elishinyeneyo, elithi, ngokumangalisayo, lisebenze njenge-thermal insulation, likhusela kwingqele egqithisileyo.

Umgama osuka kwi-ikhweyitha nawo udlala indima ebalulekileyo. Kwiitropiki, nakwiintaba eziphakamileyo, amaqondo obushushu anokuba phezulu, nangona kukho ukuguquguquka okukhulu kwe-thermal phakathi kwemini nobusuku, ngelixa phakathi okanye kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, ubusika bubude kwaye bubuhlungu. Ngaloo ndlela, kunokwenzeka ukuba kuluhlu lweentaba ezifanayo, kuxhomekeke kubude kunye nokuqhelaniswa, amahlathi ashinyeneyo ukuya kumadlelo e-alpine, amathafa kunye neendawo ezineskripthi ziphantse zingabi nabuphi na ubomi..

Iimpawu eziphambili zemozulu yeentaba

• Amaqondo obushushu asezantsi kunye neenguqu ezibanzi ze-thermal phakathi kwemini nobusuku.
• Iiqabaka rhoqo nangaphandle kwasebusika, xa ikhephu nesichotho zixhaphakile.
• Imvula engaqhelekanga kwaye ihlala igxile kumaxesha athile.
• Ilanga elibukhali kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, kunye namanqanaba aphezulu emitha ye-UV.
• Imimoya enamandla kunye neemeko ezomileyo ezinokomisa izityalo kwaye zikhuthaze ukhukuliseko.
• Umhlaba onamatye kunye nongekho nzulu, ngokufuthi nge-organic matter encinci kunye ne-pH eguquguqukayo kakhulu (iasidi okanye ialkaline ngokuxhomekeke kwilitye lomzali).

Kuzo zonke ezi zizathu, izityalo ezisezintabeni ziye zavelisa ukulungelelaniswa okuphawulekayo kwe-morphological, physiological, kunye nokuzala, esiza kuxubusha kamva.

Iintlobo zemozulu yeentaba

Kukho iintlobo ezintlanu ezinkulu imozulu entabeni, ngalinye lineempawu ezahlukileyo eziphawula uhlaza olukhoyo:

• Imozulu eyomileyo okanye eyomileyo yeentaba: Iintsuku ezishushu, ubusuku obubanda kakhulu, imvula encinci, kunye nokufuma okuphantsi. Ithanda izityalo ze-xerophytic, i-cacti, ingca, kunye nemiqamelo yezityalo.
• Imozulu epholileyo yasentabeni: Ukufuma kuninzi, kunye nehlobo elipholileyo, elinemvula, okanye elomileyo (kuxhomekeke kwindawo: i-tropical, iMeditera, i-equatorial, njl.). Oku kuvumela ukukhula kwamahlathi, iifern, kunye neentyatyambo ezihlala zihleli.
• Imozulu yentaba yelizwekaziAmaqondo obushushu apholileyo, iimvula ezilinganiselweyo, nobusika obude. IiConifers, izihlahla ezomeleleyo, kunye neentlobo ezomeleleyo zamagqabi avuthulukayo zixhaphakile.
• Imozulu ye-Subalpine: Iphakathi phakathi kweqondo lokushisa kunye ne-alpine, ephawulwe ngokutshintshela kwindawo yentaba ephakamileyo.
• Imozulu yentaba ephakamileyo (alpine okanye ikhephu): Phantse ixesha lonyaka elinye (ubusika obude), amaqondo obushushu aphantsi ngokuthe gqolo (umyinge wonyaka malunga ne-10°C okanye ngaphantsi, maxa wambi afikelele ku -50°C), neeqabaka rhoqo unyaka wonke. Kuphela ziintlobo ezigqume emhlabeni, ubulembu, ubulembu, ingca kunye nezityalo zomqamelo ezisindayo.

Ukwahluka kwe-microclimates kukhulu kakhulu. Ngokomzekelo, kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ngaphezu kweemitha ezingama-600, singakwazi ukuthetha ngemozulu yentaba, nangona kumathambeka angasentla kunokubonwa ukusuka kwiimitha ezingama-500, kwaye kwimizobo esezantsi ukuya kwi-800 yeemitha. Ukukhanya kwelanga, umgangatho we-substrate, kunye nokuphindaphinda kwenkungu okanye umoya kunokutshintsha kakhulu i-flora kwiimitha ezimbalwa nje.

Ukuziqhelanisa nezityalo kwimozulu yeentaba

Iintyatyambo ezisezintabeni zingummangaliso wendaleko. Izityalo ziphuhlise amacebo okumelana neqabaka, ukunqongophala kwamanzi, umoya kunye nemitha emandla.. Phakathi kohlengahlengiso oluphambili zezi:

• Amagqabi amancinci, angqingqwa okanye anoboya (pubescent) ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwamanzi.
• Ukukhula okubambeneyo kunye nokurhubuluzayo ukuphepha ukomisa kunye nomonakalo ovela kwimimoya ebhudla ngamandla.
• Iinkqubo zeengcambu ezinzulu okanye ezandisiweyo ukuze zisebenzise igalelo lamanzi amancinci.
• Ukukhula okufutshane kunye nomjikelezo weentyatyambo, ezihambelana nehlobo elifutshane.
• Ukukwazi ukungena kwi-hibernation kwiinyanga zengqele egqithisileyo.
• Ubukho be-waxy okanye i-resinous coverings kunye ne-pigments ngokuchasene nemitha yelanga.
• Ukuveliswa rhoqo kwe-asexual ukuqinisekisa ukusinda nakwiminyaka enzima.

Iindidi ezininzi ezisezintabeni, ngakumbi ezo zihlala phezu komgca womthi, zithatha ithuba lokugquma kwekhephu ebusika njengendawo yokusabela eshushu. Abanye babonisa iintyatyambo ezintle ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthunyelwa kwemvumvuzelo ngexesha elifutshane, kwaye abanye baye baphuhlisa iindlela zobomi umqamelo ekhusela emoyeni, igcina umswakama kwaye ivelise i-microclimates yangaphakathi ukuya kwi-10-20 degrees eshushu ngaphezu kwangaphandle.

Iintyatyambo eziqhelekileyo zemozulu yentaba: zeziphi iintlobo esinokuzifumana?

Intaba likhaya lobutyebi obumangalisayo beentlobo zezityalo, ezininzi zazo ezinokuthi ziphile kuphela kule meko. Ezinye izityalo zemozulu yasentabeni Baye bafumana udumo olukhulu ngokuphila ixesha elide, ubuhle, kunye nokubaluleka kwezinto eziphilayo. Siphonononga ezinye zezona zinomdla kwaye zomelele:

Ibhari ebomvu (IBerberis thunbergii 'Atropurpurea')

Isihlahla esihlala siluhlaza esikhula sifike kubude obuzimitha ezi-2, sinamagqabi amancinci nabomvu bunzulu. Ifanelekile kwiiheji eziphantsi, iindlela, okanye njengesityalo sokuhombisa enkosi kumagqabi aso anemibala kunye neziqhamo ezidliwayo. Iyakwazi ukumelana neqabaka (ukuya kutsho kwi -15°C), nangona ezinye iindidi ziyakwazi ukumelana namaqondo obushushu asezantsi ukuya kuma -30°C. Ifuna ukukhanya okunelanga kunye nomhlaba otsalwe kakuhle, kukhethwa ukufuma okuphantsi..

Ilarch yaseYurophu (I-Larix decidua)

Omnye weyona mithi ibonakalisa iintaba eziphakamileyo. Yinkonifa evuthulukayo leyo inokufikelela kwiimitha ezingama-45 kwaye imelana nobushushu obugqithisileyo (ukuya kutsho kwi -50°C). Ifunyenwe kumgca wemithi yeAlps kunye nezinye iintaba ze-Eurasia. Ikhetha umhlaba oneasidi, umhlaba otsalwe kakuhle.

I-Astilbe (i-Astilbe spp.)

Isityalo esihlala sihlala sihlala sineentsiba ezibukekayo kwimithunzi ebomvu, epinki okanye emhlophe. Ikhula ibe phakathi kwe-60 cm kunye ne-1,2 yeemitha ubude kwaye iyakwazi ukumelana neqabaka eqatha (-20°C). Ilungele iindawo ezipholileyo nezifumileyo, nangona iyakwazi ukuphumelela ngelanga elipheleleyo ukuba umswakama uqinisekisiwe kwi-substrate.

Ibhola yekhephu (viburnum opulus)

Isihlahla esinamagqabi, esihonjiswe kakhulu ngenxa yeentyatyambo ezimhlophe ezidityaniswe kwi-corymbs (4 ukuya kwi-11 cm), ezibonakala entlakohlaza. Ngokuqhelekileyo ikhula ukuya kwi-4-5 yeemitha ubude kwaye inikezela ngokungafaniyo okuhle kwekwindla kunye nokubomvu kwamagqabi ayo. Inqaba ikhephu ukuya kwi -20ºC kwaye inyamezela kokubini ukubanda kunye nokuthenwa, ilungele uthango kunye nezitiya zeentaba.

Iintyatyambo ze-dogwoodICornus Florida)

Umthi onamagqabi avuthulukayo afikelela kwiimitha ezili-10 ubude onesithsaba esibanzi, amagqabi aluhlaza ajika abebomvu ekwindla, kunye neentyatyambo ezimhlophe okanye ezipinki. Idubula kakhulu entwasahlobo kwaye ivelise amaqunube abomvu ondla iintaka. Ifuna umhlaba oneasidi, ukufuma kunye nokuba sesichengeni selanga. Inyamezela ukuya kuthi ga kwi -20ºC.

Kuyathandeka (Enkianthus campanulatus)

Isihlahla esihlala siluhlaza esinamagqabi aluhlaza ajika abe lubhedu ekwindla. Iintyatyambo zayo ezimhlophe ezimilise okwentsimbi ezinemibala ebomvu zivela entwasahlobo. Imelana nobusika ukuya kutsho kwi -28ºC kwaye ikhetha imihlaba eneasidi kunye nokutyhileka okunelanga okanye okungaphantsi komthunzi.

UGuillomo waseCanada (Amelanchier canadensis)

Isihlahla esinamagqabi okanye umthi omncinci, ofikelela kwi-1 ukuya kwi-8 yeemitha. Iyaxatyiswa ngenxa yayo intyatyambo emhlophe entwasahlobo neziqhamo zayo ezityiwayo ehlotyeni, ukongezelela ekunikezeni imibala emihle yasekwindla. Iqhelana kakuhle nomhlaba oneasidi kancinane okanye engathathi hlangothi kwaye iyakwazi ukumelana namaqondo obushushu ukuya kutsho kwi -20°C.

Dryopteris fernI-Dryopteris erythrosora)

Isityalo esihlala sihlala siluhlaza esivelisa amagqabi amakhulu, aphindwe kabini, aluhlaza entwasahlobo kwaye abomvu ekwindla. Ilungele iindawo zeentaba ezinomthunzi, apho inokudala umoya wehlathi. Ukumelana nokubanda okukhulu (-20ºC).

Imvula yegolide (ILaburnum anagyroides)

Umthi onamagqabi ukuya kutsho kwiimitha ezisi-7, odume ngawo izihloko ezijingayo zeentyatyambo ezityheli entwasahloboIkhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye yomelele kakhulu (iqabaka esezantsi ukuya kuma-20°C). Isilumkiso: imbewu yayo inetyhefu ebantwini kunye namahashe.

Common Dog Violet (UViola riviniana)

Isityalo esincinci esincinci (i-10 cm ubude), sikhula ukuya kuma-50 cm. Yenza amagqabi amile okwentliziyo kwaye ivelise iintyatyambo eziviolet phakathi kwentwasahlobo nehlobo. Ifuna kuphela ilanga elithe ngqo kwaye yomelela kakhulu kwiqabaka (-20ºC).

Ezinye iintlobo ezidumileyo neziluncedo kwiigadi kunye neendawo zeentaba

• Rhododendron: Isihlahla esihlala siluhlaza esineentyantyambo ezimangalisayo, ukumelana neqabaka kwaye sisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiigadi zealpine.
• IFir (Abies spp.): Umthi oluhlaza, uphawu lweentaba eziphakamileyo, ukumelana nobushushu obungaphantsi kwe-zero kunye nemimoya enamandla.
• I-Mosses kunye ne-lichens: Bagqume umhlaba namatye; azizozityalo ngokungqongqo, kodwa ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yembonakalo yentaba, zikhusela umhlaba kwaye zigcina ukufuma.
• I-Pansy (Viola tricolor): Isityalo sonyaka okanye esingapheliyo kunye neentyantyambo zasentwasahlobo kunye nobunzima obukhulu.
• ILavender (Lavandula spp.): Isihlahla esinevumba elimnandi simelana kakhulu nokuguquguquka kobushushu, sidinga ilanga elithe ngqo kunye nomhlaba ophuma kakuhle.
• Holly (Ilex aquifolium): Isihlahla esihlala siluhlaza okanye umthi omncinci, uhombise kakhulu amagqabi awo kunye neziqhamo, ukumelana nokubanda okukhulu kunye nomthunzi.
• Hunter's Rowan (Sorbus aucuparia): Umthi omncinci, uxhaphake kakhulu kwiindawo eziphakamileyo kunye neziphakamileyo eYurophu.
• Elderberry (Sambucus nigra): Isihlahla esiqinileyo esineentyantyambo ezininzi, ezikwaziyo ukuziqhelanisa neentlobo ngeentlobo zemihlaba.
• Iiconifers ezisezantsi (Pinus mugo, Juniperus communis): Ipayina ezincinci kunye nejuniper, zikhona kwimigca yomthi ngenxa yokuxhathisa kwazo kakhulu.
• ICotoneaster: I-rustic shrub isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-rockeries, i-hedges ephantsi kunye nemithambeka.

Iintyatyambo zasendle ezinomfanekiso kunye nezityalo zomqamelo

• EdelweissIalontopodium alpinum): Intyatyambo emhlophe, isimboli seAlps, ixhathisa kakhulu kwiqabaka kunye nemitha ye-UV.
• Ranunculus glacialis: Intyatyambo encinci ekhula ecaleni komkhenkce, enyamezela amaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo.
• IAzorella compacta (Yareta): Isityalo se-cushion esivela kwiiAndes, sinokuphila iminyaka engamawaka kwaye simelane nemitha ephezulu kunye nokubanda.
• Silene acaulis: Isityalo seCushion siqhelekile kwiindawo eziphakamileyo zaseYurophu, kunye neentyatyambo ezipinki ezimangalisayo.
• Fescue, Deschampsia cespitosa: Ingca eyenza amadlelo amakhulu ealpine, isitshixo sezilwanyana zasendle kunye nolondolozo lomhlaba.
• I-Sempervivum (intyatyambo yanaphakade): Isityalo seSucculent ekhethekileyo ekusindeni kwilanga eligcweleyo kunye neqabaka kwiindawo ezinamatye.
• I-Saxifrage: Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezityalo zamatye kunye ne-alpine, ezininzi zineentyatyambo eziqaqambileyo kunye nokulungelelanisa ngokugqithiseleyo.
• Puya raimondii: Isityalo esikhulu saseAndes, sinokufikelela kwiimitha ezili-10 kwaye siphile ngaphezu kwenkulungwane.
• I-Rhodiola rosea (ingcambu yegolide): Isityalo samayeza esivela kwii-Himalaya, ngokwesiko sisetyenziselwa ukuthomalalisa ukugula kobude.

Amayeza kunye nokutya kwezityalo zokusinda ezintabeni

Iintyatyambo ezisezintabeni ngokwembali zisisixhobo sokondla kunye nokuphilisa uluntu oluhlala kwezi ndawo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela kunye nokwahlula iintlobo ezikhuselekileyo, njengoko ezinye zinokuba yityhefu. Phakathi kwezona zityalo ziluncedo nezikhuselekileyo zezi:

• Felvira (Tinatina erecta): Isityalo esityiwayo kunye namayeza akhula ukuya kuthi ga kwi-3.100 yeemitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. Isiqu kunye namagqabi ziyatyiwa. Ineempawu ze-hemostatic kunye ne-anti-inflammatory.
• Umthana kaMariya (silybum marianum): Iipropati zokugaya kunye ne-hepatic. Amagqabi amancinci asetyenziswa ngaphambi kokudubula, kwaye iziqhamo zisetyenziselwa ukuxutywa.
• Pericón (lucid tagetes): Isityalo esinevumba elimnandi esisetyenziselwa ukunyanga iintlungu zesisu kunye ne-colic. Ikwasetyenziselwa ukunyanga urhudo kunye nanjenge-condiment.
• Ndihlala ndiphila (sedum dendroideum): Izityalo zeSucculent zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukutsha, amanxeba, kunye neengxaki zamehlo. Amagqabi anencindi eluncedo kwiipoultices.
• Chipulillo (I-Pinaropappus roseus): Isetyenziswe njengeyeza eliqhelekileyo lokuqunjelwa kunye neentlungu zesisu.
• Umbona (Phytolacca icosandra): Isetyenziswe njenge-infusion yentlungu kunye nesicelo sangaphandle se-rheumatism kunye ne-fungus yesikhumba. Iziqhamo akufanele zidliwe ngenxa yokuba zinetyhefu.
• Tepotzito (I-Oxalis corniculata): Isityalo esidliwayo (amagqabi), nangona sinencasa ye-acidic ngenxa yomxholo we-oxalate; iyanyamezela kwaye isasazeka lula kwimihlaba ehlwempuzekileyo.
• Ingca evuthela emhlophe (Oenothera kunthiana): Isetyenziswe kwi-infusion kunye ne-topical applications njenge-antispasmodic kunye neentlungu zemisipha.
• Castilian mallow (Malva parviflora): Ukutya kunye neenjongo zonyango; esetyenziswa kwi-infusions kunye ne-poultices ukunyanga ukudumba, iingxaki zokugaya ukutya, kunye namanxeba.
• Tlacoxóchitl (IBouvardia ternifolia): Ngokwemveli ukunyanga ukulunywa, ukuhlaba kunye nokuthomalalisa ukhohlokhohlo ngokusebenzisa infusions.

Ayizizo zonke izityalo zasendle ezityiwayo, kwaye kubalulekile ukufumana ulwazi oluchanekileyo phambi kokuba uqokelele kwaye utye naluphi na uhlobo. Ukuhlonelwa kwemekobume kunye nezityalo zomthonyama kubalulekile ekulondolozweni kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezisezintabeni.

Iingcebiso zokukhula kunye nokunyamekela igadi yakho kwimozulu yentaba

Inqaku elidibeneyo:

Uthango lwamatyholo eTropiki: iintlobo eziphambili, uyilo, kunye nokhathalelo

• Soloko ukhetha izityalo ezilungelelanisiweyo kuxhomekeke kwi-altitude kunye ne-microclimate yendawo. Qhagamshelana neendawo zokuhlala kunye nabalimi begadi malunga nezindululo ezithile.
• Lumkela iqabakaKhusela iintlobo ezibuthathaka ngeeveli, i-mulch, okanye izakhiwo zexeshana.
• Yenza iitesi kunye neendonga zokugcina kumathambeka ukuthintela ukhukuliseko nokukhuthaza ukugcinwa kokufuma.
• Gcina i-ecosystem yendawo: Ithanda iintlobo zezityalo zendalo kwaye ithintele ezihlaselayo; ikhuthaza ukwahlukahlukana kwezinto eziphilayo ngokubonelela ngeendawo zokuhlala kwizinambuzane neentaka.
• Sebenzisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo Kumhlaba onamatye namathambeka; ukubeka phambili ukugcinwa rhoqo (ukucoca, ukuthena, ukucoca).
• Jonga i-pH kunye nobunjani bomhlaba phambi kokutyala, yongeza izinto eziphilayo njengoko kuyimfuneko.
• Ukunkcenkceshela ngokufanelekileyo: Thatha ithuba leeyure zokuqala zemini kwaye ulungelelanise inkqubo kubukho bamanzi kunye nokuvela kwelanga.

Imizekelo ye-emblematic ecosystems kunye nezityalo zeentaba eziphakamileyo

I-ecosystem ye-montane iqala kumahlathi ompayina kumgca womthi ukuya kumathafa engca angaphantsi kwe-subalpine, iindawo ezinamatye, kunye ne-peat bogs. Indawo nganye kunye nobude bubonisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo:

1. Amahlathi eConiferous: Pinus sylvestris, Abies alba, Picea abies, Juniperus communis.
2. I-Subalpine scrub kunye namadlelo engca: Rhododendron ferrugineum, Erica carnea, Vaccinium myrtillus, Gentiana lutea.
3. Amathafa engca eAlpine: Festuca indigesta, Carex curvula, Deschampsia cespitosa, Trifolium alpinum.
4. Iintyatyambo kunye nezityalo kwi-cushions: Androsace vitaliana, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Silene acaulis, Azorella compact.
5. I-mosses kunye ne-lichens kwiindawo zokuvezwa okuphezulu kunye nokunqongophala komhlaba.
6. Izityalo zonyango kunye nokusinda: Arnica montana (arnica), Gentiana acaulis (gentian), Edelweiss.

Imozulu yasentabeni, kunye nemiceli mngeni ekhethekileyo kunye namathuba, inika indawo enelungelo lokujonga ukomelela kwendalo. Uluhlu olubanzi lwe izityalo ezifanelekileyo kwimozulu yeentaba Zisusela kwimithi emikhulu ukuya kutsho kumagqubu aphantsi kunye namayeza amayeza, ngalinye lidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimpilo nasekuzinzeni kwezi nkqubo zibuthathaka. Ukuziqonda nokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwazo ngokufanelekileyo, ekulimeni nasebomini bemihla ngemihla, kufak’ isandla ekulondolozweni kwezityalo ezahlukahlukeneyo ezisezintabeni nasekunandipheni ubuhle nobuncwane bemimandla esezintabeni.

Inqaku elidibeneyo:

Izityalo zamatye: iimpawu, uhlengahlengiso kunye nemizekelo ebalulekileyo