Ubudlelwane phakathi kwabantu kunye izityalo eziyityhefu Ibisoloko intsonkothile. Ezi ntlobo, ngaphandle kobuhle kunye namandla okuhombisa, zinokufihla ingozi enkulu kwimpilo yabantu neyezilwanyana. ESpeyin, kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezityalo ezithi, ngenxa yobutyhefu bazo, zifuna ulwazi kunye nentlonipho. Ukufunda ukuzazi kubalulekile ukunqanda ukutyhefa ngengozi kwaye ukonwabele iindawo eziluhlaza ngokukhuselekileyo.
Kweli nqaku uya kufumanisa zonke izityalo ezinetyhefu ezikhula eSpain, zombini zomthonyama kunye nendalo, okanye ihlakulwe ngokubanzi, kunye neenkcazo ezicacileyo zeempawu zabo, iziphumo zempilo, iimpawu zetyhefu, kunye neengcebiso zokuthintela. Izilumkiso ezikhethekileyo zikwaqukiwe kubantu abanabantwana, izilwanyana zasekhaya, okanye abo banovelwano kwizityalo ezithile. Lumka kwaye wazi ukuba zeziphi iintlobo onokuziphepha kwiigadi, iipaki zikawonke-wonke, kwiindawo zokuhamba, kunye nangaphakathi.
Kutheni ezinye izityalo zinetyhefu?
Izityalo ezininzi zivelisa imixube Inetyhefu njengendlela yokuzikhusela kwizilwanyana ezizingelayo kunye neepathogens. Ezi khompawundi zinokuchaphazela iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo kumzimba womntu kunye nesilwanyana: ukusuka kwinkqubo yokugaya ukutya ukuya kwi-nervous, ukuphefumla kunye ne-cardiovascular systems. Ityhefu idla ngokwenzeka ngokungena ngempazamo, kodwa kwezinye iimeko ukudibana kwesikhumba kwanele. okanye ukuphefumla umphunga, ipollen okanye umsi osuka kwisityalo.
- Iindlela zokhuselo: Incasa ekrakra, ivumba elibi, incindi ecaphukisayo okanye ubukho betyhefu emagqabini, kwimbewu nakwiziqhamo.
- Iingozi ebantwini nakwizilwanyana zasekhayaAbantwana, izilwanyana zasekhaya, abantu abadala, kunye nabantu abangevayo ngamaqela asesichengeni.
- Ukubaluleka kokuchongwaIzityalo ezininzi ezinetyhefu zineentyatyambo ezinomtsalane kunye namagqabi, nto leyo eyandisa umngcipheko wokutyhefa ngempazamo, ngakumbi kwiigadi, kwiipaki nasekhaya.
I-Oleander (I-oeriander yaseNerium)
La oleander Sesinye sezona zihlahla zihombisayo kwingingqi yeMeditera kwaye sesinye sezona zihlahlana zininzi izityalo ezinetyhefu ezikhoyo eSpainIsetyenziswa kakhulu kwigadi yasezidolophini nakwimidibaniso yendlela ngenxa yokuqina kwayo kunye nokugcinwa kwayo okuphantsi, ukongeza kwiintyatyambo zayo ezipinki, ezimhlophe, okanye ezibomvu.
Zonke iindawo ze-oleander zinetyhefu: Amagqabi, iintyatyambo, imbewu, kunye nencindi. Ziqulethe i-cardiotoxic glycosides (i-oleandrin kunye ne-nerianthine) enokuguqula ngokunzulu isingqi sentliziyo. Ityhefu ingenzeka emva kokusela intwana encinci yesityalo, ngokudibana nesikhumba kunye nencindi yaso, okanye nangokuphefumla umsi ovela ekutshisweni kwayo.
- Iimpawu: isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, iintlungu zesisu, i-arrhythmias, isiyezi, ukuxhuzula, uxinzelelo lokuphefumla, kwaye kwiimeko ezinzima, ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo.
- Umngcipheko: Ukubulala abantwana kunye nezilwanyana zasekhaya. Kuphephe ukutyala ukuba kukho abantwana okanye izilwanyana zasekhaya.
- Ukubhideka: Amagqabi ayo angabhidaniswa nalawo e-eucalyptus, oko kwandisa umngcipheko wokungenwa ngengozi.
Ityhefu yeOleander sesinye sezizathu eziqhelekileyo zokubonisana kwityhefu yezityalo eSpain.
Ipopi (IPapaver somniferum)
La poppy Sisityalo sonyaka esinokubhidaniswa nepoppy ngenxa yenkangeleko yayo, kodwa iyahlukana kuba iintyatyambo zayo azinabomvu. Kwipoppy, oku kulandelayo kutsalwa: iziyobisi, isiseko sezinto ezininzi ze-alkaloids (morphine, codeine, papaverine).
- Imiphumo yayo: Ukungena ngengozi okanye ukusetyenziswa ngamabomu kunokubangela ukudandatheka kokuphefumula, ukudideka kwengqondo, umlutha, intlungu yemisipha, ukuqunjelwa, kunye nomngcipheko omkhulu wokufa ngenxa yokugqithisa.
- Isilumkiso: Nangona ingaxhaphakanga kakhulu kwiigadi, inokuvela kwiindawo ezingenanto kunye nasecaleni kwendlela.
- Ayinakubhidaniswa nepoppy eqhelekileyo (IPapaver rhoeas), njenge ipapa iyingozi kakhulu.
Abanturium (Anthurium)
El anthurium Ixhaphake kakhulu njengesityalo sangaphakathi eSpain. Nangona ingabulali, Zonke iindawo zayo zineekristale ze-calcium oxalate, enokubangela ukucaphuka okukhulu eluswini, emlonyeni, emqaleni nasemehlweni xa ityiwe okanye ityiwe.
- Xa uthenwa okanye uphatha i-anthurium, nxiba iiglavu ukuphepha i-dermatitis okanye ukucaphuka kwamehlo.
- Kubantwana nakwizilwanyana ezifuywayo, ukungeniswa kunokubangela intlungu yomlomo, ukudumba komqala, kunye nobunzima bokugwinya.
IAzalea (I-Rhododendron simsii y rhododendron japonicum)
La azalea Ixatyiswe kakhulu ngenxa yeentyatyambo zayo zokubonisa nokukhula kwayo ngokulula emthunzini. Noko ke, amagqabi neentyatyambo zawo ziqulethe i-andromedotoxin, into ekwaziyo ukubangela iimpawu ezinzima xa ityiwe.
- Iziphumo: Isiyezi, ubuthathaka, ukuxhuzula, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukulahleka kolungelelwaniso, kunye nokudakumba kwentliziyo.
- Ichaphazela abantu nezilwanyana zasekhaya, ngoko kufuneka zigcinwe kude nabantwana kunye nezilwanyana zasekhaya.
ICica (Icycas revoluta)
La cyca okanye isundu sobuxoki sixhaphake kakhulu kwiigadi zaseSpain. Ubuthi bayo bubangelwa izinto ezifana cicasina kunye BMAAOnke amalungu, ingakumbi imbewu, anetyhefu kakhulu.
- Iimpawu zetyhefu: ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, ubuthathaka, ukonakala kwesibindi, kunye nokusilela kwamalungu amaninzi.
- Ityhefu inokubulala, ngakumbi kwizilwanyana zasekhaya.
- Iimpawu zinokuvela ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezili-12 emva kokusetyenziswa, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ukuchongwa kwangoko kube nzima.
Hemlock (Conium maculatum)
La hemlock Idume ngokulusizi ngokuba yityhefu eyabulala isithandi sobulumko uSocrates. ESpeyin, ikhula ecaleni kwendlela, kwiindawo ezimanzi, nakwiindawo ezivulekileyo. Onke amalungu ayo anetyhefu kakhulu kwaye anokubangela ukufa..
- Iqulethe alkaloids ezifana i-coniine, esebenza kwinkqubo ye-nervous central eyenza ukukhubazeka kwemisipha okuqhubekayo kunye nokubanjwa kokuphefumula.
- Iimpawu zivela ngaphantsi kweyure: ukuhlanza, ukuxhuzula, ukuhla kobushushu bomzimba, kunye nokukhubazeka okuqhubekayo.
- Iziqhamo ziyingozi kakhulu, zimbalwa ngokwaneleyo ukuba zibangele ukufa.
- Akufunekanga ibhidaniswe nezinye i-umbelliferae ezifana nefennel okanye i-anise.
I-DieffenbachiaI-Dieffenbachia)
La ifunbachia Sesinye sezona zityalo zidumileyo zangaphakathi eSpain, kodwa incindi yayo ineekristale ze calcium oxalate, njenge-anthurium, kwaye inokubangela ukucaphuka okukhulu emlonyeni, ulwimi kunye nomqala ukuba nayiphi na indawo yesityalo iyahlafunwa.
- Xa udibana ne-mucous membranes, kunokubangela ukudumba, ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukutshisa kakhulu kwaye, kwiimeko ezinzima, ukuvalwa kwendlela yomoya.
- Ukuphatha kufuneka kuhlale kusenziwa ngeeglavu.
- Ikwayityhefu nakwizilwanyana zasekhaya, ngakumbi iikati nezinja.
Jimson ukhula (I-Datura stramonium)
El istramonium Luhlobo olungenabukrwada oluveliswe ngokwendalo kuyo yonke iPeninsula. Yaziwa ngokuba ukhula lukasathana o ixilongo lengelosi, kwaye iqulethe alkaloids ezifana i-atropine, i-scopolamine kunye ne-hyoscyamine.
- Ukuginya okanye ukutshaya (abanye abantu benza oku ngenxa yeziphumo ze-hallucinogenic) kunokubangela i-delirium, i-hallucinations enzulu, ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, ukuxhuzula, uvakalelo olugqithisileyo ekukhanyeni, kunye, kwiidosi eziphezulu, ukufa.
- Ikhupha ivumba elibi.
- Iziqhamo zayo kunye neembewu zayo ziyingozi kakhulu.
- Ukudibana ngqo kunokubangela ukucaphuka kwesikhumba namehlo.
UIvy (IHedera helix)
La ivy Sesinye sezona zityalo zisetyenziswa kakhulu zokukhwela kwiigadi kunye neepaki, nangaphakathi. Nangona ubutyhefu bayo buphakathi, Iziqhamo ziqulethe i-hederin kunye nezinye i-saponins enokubangela ityhefu enkulu, ngakumbi ebantwaneni nakwizilwanyana zasekhaya.
- Ukusela iziqhamo kunokubangela ukugabha, isifo sohudo, intlungu yesisu kwaye, kwiidosi ezinkulu, i-coma.
- Ukuqhagamshelana nencindi yesikhumba kunokubangela i-dermatitis, i-blisters kunye nezinye iimpendulo zesikhumba.
- Isilumkiso xa uphatha, ngakumbi ukuba kukho abancinci okanye izilwanyana zasekhaya.
Castor (URicinus communis)
El imbotyi ye castor Yisihlahla sokuhlobisa esinembewu yayo ricin, enye yezona tyhefu zendalo ezinamandla kakhulu. E-Spain, i-invasive kwaye ayifumaneki ngokurhweba, kodwa imizekelo yasendle ingafumaneka.
- Ukungeniswa kwembewu embalwa kwanele ukubangela i-gastroenteritis ebukhali, umonakalo wesibindi kunye nezintso, kunye nokufa kwiimeko zetyhefu enzima.
- Amagqabi ayo makhulu, palmate kwaye angaba luhlaza okanye bubomvu.
- Kuphephe ukuphatha imbewu kwaye uthathe amanyathelo okhuseleko agqithisileyo malunga nabantwana kunye nezilwanyana.
Yew (taxus baccata)
El yew Ngomnye weyona mithi inetyhefu kwizityalo zaseSpain. Zonke iindawo zayo, ngaphandle kwe-aril ebomvu yenyama yesiqhamo, iqulethe taxine, i-alkaloid enokuba yingozi ebantwini nakwizilwanyana.
- Iimpawu: ukuxhuzula, i-hypotension, iintlungu ezibuhlungu zesisu, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, kunye nokuwa kwenkqubo ye-nervous.
- Ikhuliswa kwiipaki, amangcwaba kunye neeheji zokuhombisa.
- I-aril (iqunube ebomvu ethambileyo) ayifanele ibhidaniswe nembewu, enetyhefu.
- Ityhefu ifuna unyango olungxamisekileyo kwaye inokubulala kwiiyure nje ezimbalwa.
Iaconite (Aconite napellus)
El aconite Sisityalo esikhula ezintabeni, esikhoyo kwimimandla esemantla kunye nePyrenees, kwaye sixatyiswa kakhulu ngeentyatyambo zaso eziluhlaza. Kuyaqwalaselwa esinye sezona zityalo zinetyhefu eYurophu.
- I qulethe aconitine, i-alkaloid echaphazela iinkqubo ze-nervous kunye ne-cardiac: i-anesthesia, i-anesthesia, imbono ephazamisayo, i-cramps, i-sweat, i-convulsions kwaye, ekugqibeleni, ukuphefumula okanye ukuboshwa kwentliziyo.
- Ingozi inkulu xa ityiwe, kodwa inokubangela ityhefu ngokudibana nolusu neengcambu okanye incindi.
- Ibisetyenziswa ngokwembali njengetyhefu kwiintolo.
Ezinye izityalo ezinetyhefu eziqhelekileyo eSpeyin
- Belen inkwenkwezi (I-Ornithogalum umbellatum): Iqhakaza entwasahlobo ngeentyatyambo ezimhlophe. Ityhefu kwinkqubo ye-nervous, iyingozi ngakumbi kwiigadi apho kukho abantwana. Ukuginya kunokubangela ukugabha, iintlungu zesisu, kunye nokozela.
- Foxglove okanye digitalis (Idijithali purpurea): Ibalasele ngenxa yeentyatyambo zayo ezimile okwethanga. Iqukethe i-cardiotonic glycosides, kwiidosi ezingalunganga, ezinokubangela arrhythmias, ukubanjwa kwentliziyo kunye nokufa.
- IHydrangea (IHydrangea macrophylla): Ixhaphake kakhulu kwiigadi zaseSpeyin. Amagqabi ayo kunye neentyatyambo zineekhompawundi ezinjenge-cyanide; ukungeniswa kunokubangela ukuphefumla, intlungu yesisu, ukuhlanza, urhudo, kwaye, ngobuninzi, ukubanjwa kwentliziyo.
- Kalanchoe: Isityalo sangaphakathi esineentyatyambo ezimangalisayo; ukusetyenziswa kwayo kubangela i-arrhythmias kunye nokuphazamiseka kokutya.
- IPeyote (Lophophora Williamsii): Icactus efumaneka kwigadi. Imbewu yayo iqulethe i-mescaline, enempembelelo ephezulu ye-hallucinogenic kwaye ibeka umngcipheko wetyhefu enzima.
- Imandrake (Mandragora autumnalis): Iyaziwa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo kwaye yayisetyenziswa kubugqwirha, iingcambu zayo zine-alkaloids ye-hallucinogenic kunye ne-anesthetic. Iidosi ezincinci zinokubangela i-delirium, ukozela, kunye nokubanjwa kokuphefumla.
- Sambuco (Sambucus nigra): Amagqabi ayo, amaxolo kunye neziqhamo eziluhlaza ziyityhefu kwaye zinokubangela isifo se-gastroenteritis, isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha.
- Laurocerasus (IPrunus laurocerasus): Isihlahla esisetyenziswa njengothango; amagqabi neziqhamo zawo zinecyanide.
- Holly (Ilex aquifolium): Iziqhamo ezibomvu ezihlobisayo zingabangela ukufa kumntwana emva kokusela amajikijolo angama-10-20.
- Boj (I-Sexus sempervirens): Isetyenziswe kwi-hedges, iqulethe i-buxin, ebangela isifo sohudo, ukudandatheka kokuphefumula kunye nokuphefumula.
- Ukuqhayisa (ILigustrum japonicum): Ikhoyo kwiheji, iziqhamo zayo kunye namagqabi anetyhefu kwaye inokubangela ukusabela okunamandla kunye nokuhlaselwa kwe-asthma.
- Melia (UMelia azedarach): Isiqhamo esiwileyo sinokuba yingozi ebantwaneni; iziqhamo ezininzi kunokubangela arrhythmias kunye nokuphazamiseka kokuphefumla.
- IwisteriaUkusetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukugubungela i-pergolas kunye neendonga, ukungeniswa kwembewu ye-6-10 kunokubangela ubuthi obukhulu kwaye, kubantwana, bubulalayo.
Indlela yokuthintela ityhefu kwizityalo ezinetyhefu?
- Musa ukuphatha izityalo ezingaziwayo okanye uziqokelele entsimini.
- Kuphephe ukutyala iintlobo ezinobungozi ukuba kukho abantwana abancinci okanye izilwanyana zasekhaya.
- Xa kurhanelwa ukuba unetyhefu, khawuleza uye kwiziko lezonyango kwaye, ukuba kuyenzeka, uze nesampulu yesityalo ukuququzelela ukuxilongwa.
- Kwiigadi zoluntu, hlala ufunda kwaye uhloniphe iimpawu malunga nezityalo ezinobungozi.
- Xa usika, utyala, okanye ucoca inkunkuma yezityalo, nxiba iiglavu kwaye ugweme ukudibana namehlo kunye neembrane.
- Kwimeko yokusabela okanye ityhefu, jongana nolwazi malunga nokunyamekelwa kunye nobungozi bezityalo ezinetyhefu okanye uqhagamshelane neNational Institute of Toxicology: 91 562 04 20 (iiyure ezingama-24).
Iintyatyambo zaseSpain zityebile kakhulu kwaye zahlukene, kwaye uninzi lwezityalo zayo ezinetyhefu nazo zisetyenziselwa amayeza kwiidosi ezichanekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukungazi kakuhle iimpawu zabo kunokukhokelela kwiingozi zokwenene. Olona thintelo lungcono ulwazi kunye nobulumko, ukonwabela ubuhle bendalo ngaphandle kokuzibeka esichengeni sobungozi obungeyomfuneko.
