Iphayinaphu, eso siqhamo simnandi siqhele ukutyiwa ehlotyeni nasekwindla, sihluma ngokumangalisayo isityalo sepayina, eyaziwa ngokwenzululwazi njenge "I-Ananas comosus".
Esi sityalo siqulathe i-bromeliad yasemhlabeni ezalelwa eMzantsi Melika, ethi Yenza i-rosette ye-lanceolate, amaqabunga enesikhumba, emalunga ne-1m ubude. Iintyatyambo zayo, ezinombala omhle phakathi kwepinki nobomvu, ziba ngummangaliso wokwenene, kuba ziqokelelwe kwii-inflorescence ezimile okwe-spike, ezigcinwa zivuleke inyanga yonke ukuze zisasazwe ipoleni.
Emva kokuba ipholeni, isiqhamo siqala ukuvuthwa ikhulisa iberry, ethi xa ikhule ngokupheleleyo ifike phakathi kwe-7-10cm ububanzi kunye ne-30 cm ubude. Ngaphakathi kwesiqhamo kukho umdaka, otyheli ngombala, unencasa eswiti kunye ne-asidi encinci kwaye inevumba elimnandi.
Iimpawu zesityalo sePineapple
Ipanapula sisityalo esinemvelaphi yetropiki, Ukusuka eMzantsi Melika, ngaphandle kokuba incinci, ihlala ixesha elide, inesitshisi kwaye inomdla, ukongeza ekubeni nesiseko esenziwe ngokudibana kwamagqabi amaninzi enza i-rosette.
Esi sityalo sineentlobo ezimbini zeengcambu, ezokuqala zezi Iingcambu ezithandekayo, ezimfutshane kwaye zibonakala ngaphezulu, kuba uninzi lwazo lukhula emazantsi esiqu malunga ne-15cm ukusuka emhlabeni; okwesibini ziingcambu eziphambili kwaye zinde kancinci, zifikelela kubunzulu obumalunga ne-60cm nangaphezulu.
Kwakhona, Isityalo sephayinaphu sinesiqu esifutshane, esinenyama, apho izondlo eziveliswa ngamagqabi zigcinwa khona.
Esi sityalo sinamagqabi afikelela phakathi kwe-50-150cm ubude, anokumelana, i-lanceolate, i-fibrous, enobume bekrele, igubungele kwaye zicwangciswe ngendlela ejikeleze isiquNgapha koko, banemiphetho enamazinyo acocekileyo athi, kuxhomekeke kudidi, anokuba okanye angabinazo iintlobo.
Kungenzeka ukuba umbala wamagqabi ayo aluhlaza ongwevu kokubini ukukhanya kunye nomnyama, nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iintlobo ezinamagqabi anemibala, ezinomxube omfusa, obomvu, isilivere kunye / okanye otyheli. Ngokukwanjalo, ubuso kunye nokujika kwamagqabi kufakwe umaleko omncinci wesilivere engavumeli ukuba ilanga lidlule kwaye ikwanesikere esityebileyo esithintela ukuphulukana nokufuma.
Njengoko ixesha lihamba isiqhamo sayo esifutshane seentyatyambo siyandiswa size sandise kwaye ngeenxa zonke kuhluma inani elikhulu leentyatyambo ezimhlophe kunye neentyatyambo ezincinci kwaye zonke ziqulathe ibract yomntu ngamnye enokuthi ibe luhlaza, ibomvu okanye tyheli ngombala onemibhobho yeentyatyambo ezintsha.
Isiqu se isityalo sepayina Iyaqhubeka nokukhula kwaye ikhula ngesangqa samagqabi amade kwaye amafutshane ngaphezulu kweseti yeentyatyambo kwaye zonke iintyatyambo zezi zi-hermaphroditic, ngoko ke ziye zizichumise kwaye Ixesha lokudubula kweentyatyambo aliqinisekangaIihormoni zemifuno zisetyenziselwa ukuthengisa ngenjongo yokukhuthaza kungekuphela iintyatyambo, kodwa kunye nokuhluma kweziqhamo zazo.
Ukunyamekelwa kweZityalo zePinapile
Ukunyamekela isityalo seinaninisi akuqhelekanga ukuba kube ngumsebenzi olula, ukusukela ekubeni sisityalo esineenjiko, Kukulungele ukuba ukukhula kwenzeke kwindawo enemozulu efudumeleyo kwaye apho kungekho qabaka, kuba kungenjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ibe nomonakalo omkhulu xa kufika ubusika.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu kwaye xa unesityalo sepayinapile kufuneka ulandele ezi nkathalo zilandelayo:
Indawo okuyo
Isityalo sepayinapile kufuneka sibe ngaphandle, ngakumbi kwindawo enethunzi.
Umgangatho
Umhlaba kufuneka ubene umjelo ophezulu, ukongeza ekubeni ne-pH esezantsi (4,5-5,5).
Ukupasa
Ngexesha lentwasahlobo nehlobo, kuyimfuneko ukuchumisa umhlaba rhoqo kwiintsuku ezili-15 apho isityalo sisebenzisa izichumisi ezinomxholo ophezulu we potassium kunye ne nitrogen.
Unkcenkceshelo
Kufuneka nkcenkceshelwa nanini xa umhlaba womile, edla ngokuba malunga neentsuku ezingama-2-3 ehlotyeni kwaye malunga neentsuku ezi-5-6 zonyaka oseleyo.
Ixesha lokutyala kunye / okanye ukufakelwa kwakhona
Elona xesha lilungileyo lokutyala okanye ukufakela isityalo seinanin ngesiqhelo siba sentwasahlobo.
Isakhelo sokutyala
Ubuncinci i-30x60cm.
Ukuvuna
Ukuvunwa kweziqhamo kuyenziwe emva kweenyanga ezili-15 zokuyityala.
Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza
Yiyo tyala kakhulu kwimozulu ebandayo, Owona maqondo asezantsi afanelekileyo ane-15ºC, nangona iyakwazi ukumelana ne-5ºC ixesha elincinci.
Phakathi kwezitshabalalisi kunye nezifo zesityalo sephayinaphu zezi:
Amangolwane, izikali kunye neematodes
Ipinapple plant mite, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi "Isigcawu esibomvu", Ihlala isondla kumagqabi esiqhamo sesi sityalo.
Yiyo sisinambuzane esineengxaki kwiindlela ezomileyo ezinde, kuba zinokudluliselwa kwizikhondo, ezinokuthintela iinanapples ekubeni zivelise kwaye nangona isigcawu singabiyiyo inkathazo ebaluleke kakhulu, kulunge kakhulu ukuyinyanga ngexesha ukunqanda iingxaki ezizayo. Ngokunjalo kukho iindidi zematodes ezichaphazela esi sityalo, sonakalisa iingcambu zaso ngokubangela iqhina nokubola kwaso.
Ooqongqothwane kunye nee-mealybugs
Inokwenzeka loo nto incindi yoqongqothwane iba yingxaki enkulu kwabo banezityalo zepayina, kuba zihlala zitsalwa zizityalo ezinesifo esaziwa njenge "gummosis", nesenzeka xa isityalo esenzakeleyo siqala ukukhupha into ekuthiwa yigummy.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ooqongqothwane bangena kwiziqhamo ezisencinci ukuze babekele amaqanda abo apho. Ngokunjalo, ii-mealy bugs zondla emazantsi amagqabi esi sityalo zibangela ukuba zibune kwaye ngendlela efanayo, zinokubangela ukuba ingcambu ibole, ethi yona inciphise ukuveliswa kweziqhamo.
Ukuqhekeka kweBud
Sisifo esixhaphakileyo, esithi yenzeka ngenxa yokungunda kwaye kwenzeka ngamaxesha okukhula okukhawulezayo kwezi zityalo.
Ngokwesiqhelo, ezona mpawu ziqhelekileyo ngamagqabi ajika abe tyheli kwaye kwezinye iimeko afikelela kwi-necrosis kwaye kamva aye kubola. Ukwengeza, iziqhamo zinokubola kwaye isiqu sawo sibonisa i-halo ejikeleze indawo apho amagqabi ahluma khona. Ngaphandle kwale nto, ingcambu iyathamba ize iwe xa uzama ukukhupha isityalo.
Igqabi leTamale
Yintsholongwane, yona Uhlasela ngokuthe ngqo ukukhula okukhawulezayo. Ihlala isenzeka ngamaxesha otshintsho lwemozulu apho kukho amaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Ichaphazela zombini amagqabi kunye nesiqu, kubangele ukujika okuncinci kuzo zombini, kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba iziqhamo ziqokelele i-ammonia ngaphakathi kwintlama.
I-Fusarium
Yiyo Ukusasazeka kwefungus kwihlabathi liphela, evelayo ngenxa yokufuma okuphezulu kunye neengcambu.