Ukutyebisa ikhaya lakho ngezityalo ezingaqhelekanga ngamava awodwa, kwaye zimbalwa iindidi ezitsala ingqalelo enkulu ngenkangeleko yazo njenge-crocodile fern (Microsorum musifolium 'Crocodyllus'). Ukuqaphela ukuthungwa kunye nephethini yamagqabi ayo, akhumbuza ngokumangalisayo ulusu lwe-reptile yegama elifanayo, esi sityalo siye saba yintandokazi phakathi kwabaqokeleli kunye nabathandi begadi. Kwesi sikhokelo esandisiweyo, uya kufumanisa yonke into oyifunayo ukuze ukwazi ukonwabela ngokupheleleyo i-crocodile fern esempilweni neyomeleleyo: ukusuka kwimvelaphi yayo, iimpawu zebhotani, kunye nokhathalelo oluyimfuneko, ekuveliseni kwayo, iingxaki eziqhelekileyo, kunye nezona ngcebiso zibalaseleyo zokuyidibanisa kwizithuba zangaphakathi nangaphandle.
Imvelaphi, iimpawu kunye nezinto ezinomdla kwi-crocodile fern
I-crocodile fern yeyosapho lwePolypodiaceae kwaye inzalelwane yamahlathi ashinyeneyo akuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia. Luninzi lweentlobo ze-epiphytic, okuthetha ukuba kwindawo yayo yendalo ikhula kwiziqu zemithi kunye namasebe, ifunxa ukufuma kunye nezondlo eziqokelelana kwixolo. Le meko inika uthotho lweendlela ezizodwa zokuziqhelanisa: ububanzi bayo, amade, anzulu amagqabi aluhlaza anokwakheka okurhabaxa alinganisa amaxolo engwenya, eyinika igama lesiteketiso. Amagqabi anokukhula abe yimitha ubude kwaye abe nemida enamaza kunye nolwakhiwo lwesikhumba oluwakhusela ekubeni ome kwindawo efudumeleyo, efumileyo.
Nangona elona gama lamkelekileyo lezenzululwazi yi-Microsorum musifolium 'Crocodyllus', kwezinye iindawo ithengiswa njenge. Umgxobhozo wemangrove okanye nje ngokuthi "icilikishe fern". Oku kubhideka kwamagama kuqhelekile kwizityalo zokuhombisa ezingaqhelekanga kwaye azichaphazeli iimfuno zokulima kwaphela.
Phakathi kwezinto zayo ezinomdla kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba i-crocodile fern inokukhuliswa kwiimbiza kunye nakwi-terrariums kunye neegadi ezithe nkqo. Ngombulelo kubukhulu bayo obuphakathi kunye nesantya sokukhula kade, ilungele iindawo zangaphakathi, ngakumbi amagumbi okuhlambela kunye namakhitshi apho ukufuma kuphezulu. Ukongeza, ubutyhefu bayo obuphantsi buyenza ibe lukhetho olukhuselekileyo kumakhaya anabantwana kunye nezilwanyana zasekhaya.
Indawo yokubeka i-crocodile fern? Ngaphakathi, ngaphandle, kwaye ekukhanyeni okufanelekileyo.
Impumelelo ekunyamekeleni i-crocodile fern iqala kwindawo efanelekileyo. Esi sityalo sifuna indawo efudumeleyo, efumileyo kunye nokukhanya okuqaqambileyo ngaphandle kokuchaswa ngokuthe ngqo elangeni. Kwiindawo ezitshisayo, inokukhuliswa ngaphandle unyaka wonke, isoloko isemthunzini okanye emthunzini, phantsi kwekhusi lezinye izityalo okanye phantsi kophahla oluhluza imitha yelanga. Nangona kunjalo, kwiindawo ezipholileyo okanye ezibandayo, kungcono ukuyibeka ngaphakathi kwindlu, kufuphi nempuma- okanye kwiifestile ezijongene nentshona, apho ifumana ukukhanya kwemvelo okuninzi kodwa okungathanga ngqo. Ukuchanabeka ngokuthe ngqo kukukhanya kwelanga kubangela amabala amdaka kunye nokutshiswa lilanga kumagqabi.
Ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokuyibeka ngaphakathi, igumbi lokuhlambela okanye ikhitshi lihlala lingamagumbi afanelekileyo, ngenxa yomswakama ophezulu owenziwe yimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Kungenjalo, ungasebenzisa izinto zokufuma okanye iitreyi zamanzi kufutshane nembiza ukuhlawula ukunqongophala kokufuma. Gwema iidrafti ezibandayo kunye nokutshintsha kweqondo lokushisa ngokukhawuleza, njengoko i-crocodile fern inomdla kakhulu kwezi meko.
Kwabo bafuna ukuyikhuphela ngaphandle entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni, ipatio, idesika egqunyiweyo, okanye ibalcony enomthunzi yeyona ndlela ibalaseleyo. Khumbula nje ukuyibuyisela ngaphakathi phambi kokuba amaqondo obushushu abandayo afike ukukhusela umonakalo omkhulu.
Ubushushu obufanelekileyo kunye neemfuno zokufuma
Elona qondo lobushushu le-crocodile fern liphakathi kwe-18°C ukuya kuma-24°C. Iyakwazi ukunyamezela iincopho ezingaphezulu kancinci ezidlulayo, kodwa ingqele ehlala ixesha elide (<15°C) inokuxinzelela isityalo, icothise ukukhula kwaso kwaye yandise ingozi yezifo. Ukufuma okuphezulu okunxulumeneyo (okungaphezulu kwe-60%) kubalulekile ukugcina amagqabi amatsha, abengezelayo, kwaye engenangxaki.
Kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni okanye kwiziqithi, ukufuma okukuyo kudla ngokwaneleyo. Ukuba uhlala phakathi kwelizwe okanye kwindawo ezomileyo, kufuneka wandise ukufuma ngokutshiza amagqabi yonke imihla (ukuphepha ukukhukula kwi-substrate) okanye ngokubeka izikhongozeli zamanzi malunga nesityalo. Indlela eluncedo kakhulu kukubeka imbiza kwitreyi yamatye namanzi, ukuqinisekisa ukuba umphantsi wembiza awudibani ngqo nolwelo.
Ukusetyenziswa ngokuqhubekayo kwe-air conditioning okanye ukufudumeza kunokunciphisa ukufuma kwe-ambient, ngoko kuya kuba yimfuneko ukwandisa ukuphindaphinda kokutshiza okanye ukusebenzisa i-humidifiers yombane. Khumbula ukuba ukufuma okuphantsi kukhokelela kwiingcebiso ezimdaka, amagqabi anqabileyo, kunye nokunyuka kokungenwa zizinambuzane.
Uhlobo lwe-substrate kunye nokutshintshwa
I-crocodile fern idinga ukukhanya, ukukhululeka, kunye ne-organic-rich rich substrate. Umxube ofanelekileyo kufuneka uhlangabezane neemfuno ezintathu: vumela ukukhupha ngokukhawuleza, ugcine ukufuma okwaneleyo, kwaye unikeze izondlo zokuphuhliswa kweengcambu kunye namaqabunga. Ungasebenzisa i-fern substrates okanye wenze umxube owenziwe ekhaya ngokudibanisa:
- I-40% yepeat emnyama
- I-30% ye-blond okanye i-acid peat
- Iipesenti ezili-20 zeperlite
- Iipesenti ezingama-10% zentsimbi
Ukutshintshwa kufuneka kwenziwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo okanye ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, xa isityalo sikhule ngokwaneleyo kwaye ingcambu yengcambu ibonisa iingcambu eziphuma kwimingxuma yokukhupha amanzi.
Ukunkcenkceshela okufanelekileyo: ukuphindaphinda kunye nendlela
Unkcenkceshelo ngomnye wemiba ebuthathaka yokukhulisa iMicrosorum musifolium 'Crocodyllus'. Isitshixo kukugcina i-substrate ifumile kancinci, kodwa ingaze igalelwe amanzi. Ngexesha lasehlotyeni okanye ngexesha lobushushu obukhulu, ukuphindaphinda kunokuba kabini ukuya kathathu ngeveki; ebusika, kanye ngeveki kwanele. Kona kukhuselekileyo ukujonga ukufuma ngokufaka intonga yomthi okanye usebenzisa imitha yedijithali phambi kokuba unkcenkceshele kwakhona.
Ngalo lonke ixesha sebenzisa amanzi emvula, amanzi adiyiweyo, okanye amanzi etephu amisiweyo (hayi amanzi anekhalori), njengoko ityuwa eninzi kunye nekalika zinokubangela ukuba amagqabi abe tyheli. Amanzi ngokuthe ngqo emhlabeni, ukuphepha ukugqithisa amagqabi, de amanzi aqale ukukhupha kwimingxuma embizeni. Lahla nawaphina amanzi agqithisileyo kwiisosari ukuthintela ukubola kweengcambu.
Kwiindawo ezomileyo kakhulu, yongeza ukunkcenkceshela ngokutshiza okuphakathi, ngakumbi entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni. Ungalibali ukujonga ukukhula kunye nokubonakala kwee-fronds: amaqabunga athambileyo, athobileyo, okanye amabala abonisa iingxaki ngamanzi amaninzi okanye amancinci.
Ukuchumisa kunye nokuchumisa: iintlobo kunye namaxesha
Ukuchumisa rhoqo kubalulekile ukugcina amandla kunye nohlaza lwe-crocodile fern. Ukusukela ekuqaleni kwentlakohlaza ukuya ekupheleni kwehlobo, sebenzisa izichumisi ezingamanzi kwizityalo eziluhlaza, iguano exutywe emanzini, okanye ukugalelwa kweentshulube ezingamalwelo, ulandele ngononophelo idosi ezicetyiswa ngumenzi. Isichumiso esininzi sinokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwiingcambu kunye namagqabi.
Okunye ukuchumisa rhoqo ngeentsuku ezili-15 ukuya kwezingama-20, ngakumbi kwizityalo eziqhubeka nokuvelisa amagqabi amatsha ekwindla. Ukuba isityalo sigcina ukukhula okusebenzayo ngexesha lasebusika, unokuqhubeka nokuchumisa kodwa unciphise ukuxinwa kwemveliso.
Izichumisi zendalo, ezifana nokugalelwa kweentshulube, ziphucula ubume be-substrate kwaye ziphucula ukufunxa izondlo. Ngokufanayo, kwizityalo ezikhula kwi-substrates ezityebileyo kwizinto eziphilayo, ukunciphisa ukuphindaphinda kokuchumisa kuya kwanela.
Ukubuyiswa kunye neempawu zokubuyisela kwakhona
Ukubuyisela kwakhona kufuneka kwenziwe xa isityalo sibonisa iingcambu ezibonakalayo ngaphandle kwembiza, ezincinci kuneziqhelo eziqhelekileyo, okanye ukukhula okucothayo nangona ukhathalelo. Musa ukuyibuyisela i-crocodile fern ngexesha lasebusika okanye xa icinezelekile ngenxa yokungabikho kwamanzi okanye izifo.
Ukwenza ngokuchanekileyo:
- Nciphisa kancinci isityalo kusuku olungaphambili ukwenza kube lula ukususa ingcambu yengcambu.
- Khetha imbiza ecocekileyo, ekhupha amanzi ukuba inkulu kancinci kuneyangaphambili.
- Beka umaleko obhityileyo wamatye okanye igrabile emazantsi ukuze ukhuphe amanzi.
- Beka ingcambu yeengcambu kwiziko, ugcwalise amacala nge-substrate entsha.
- Cinezela kancinane umhlaba kunye namanzi ngokuphakathi.
Ukuveliswa kwe-crocodile fern
Ukuphindaphinda kwe-crocodile fern kulula kwaye kusebenza ngokuhlukana kwe-rhizomes. Amahlumela amancinci ahlala ebonakala kwisiseko sesityalo, esinokuthi sihlulwe ngokucophelela xa sineengcambu zabo.
Amanyathelo okuphinda ayivelise ngala:
- Susa ngobumnene ibhola yeengcambu kwaye ufumane i-rhizomes ngamahlumela kunye neengcambu.
- Ukwahlula i-rhizomes usebenzisa imela ecocekileyo, ebukhali, uqaphele ukuba ungonakalisi iingcambu eziphambili.
- Tyala i-rhizome nganye kwibhodwe elincinci kunye ne-substrate entsha, uyigcine ifumile kwaye kwindawo ekhuselweyo kwiiveki ezimbalwa zokuqala.
Ukuveliswa kwe-spore kunokwenzeka, nangona kunzima kakhulu kwaye kucotha kwii-hobbyists ezingezizo iingcali.
Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo, izinambuzane kunye nezifo
Ekulinyweni ekhaya, i-crocodile fern inokuchaphazeleka zizinambuzane eziqhelekileyo kunye nezifo:
- Amagqabi atyheli: Oku ngokuqhelekileyo kubonisa amanzi amaninzi okanye iingxaki zeengcambu. Ukuba amagqabi asezantsi atyheli, nciphisa ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo; ukuba zingamagqabi amatsha, nyusa ukufuma, jonga i-drainage, kunye namanqanaba amanzi.
- Iingcebiso eziBrown kunye nemiphetho: Zinxulumene nokufuma okuphantsi okanye ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo. Yandisa ukufuma kwaye ususe imbiza kude nemithombo yobushushu kunye nokukhanya okuthe ngqo.
- IiFronds ezinamachokoza amdaka kunye nobume bomileyo: Uphawu oluqhelekileyo lokukhanya kwelanga okanye ukungabikho kokufuma. Futhela isityalo kwenye indawo kwaye wandise ukutshiza kwindawo ezomileyo.
- Umngundo okanye umngundo: Ibangelwa kukunkcenkceshela okanye ukungena komoya okungekho mgangathweni. Susa iindawo ezichaphazelekayo kwaye ulungelelanise ukunkcenkceshela; sebenzisa imichiza ethile yokungunda ukuba uhlaselo lunobuzaza.
- I-Mealybug, isigcawu esibomvu kunye neflyfly: Ngokuqhelekileyo zivela kwindawo ezomileyo, ezifudumeleyo. Susa izinambuzane ngesandla ngamanzi anesepha kwaye usebenzise izibulali-zinambuzane eziphilayo ukuba uhlaselo luyaqhubeka.
Kuzo zonke iimeko, ukukhusela kuyona ndlela yokukhusela: gcina ucoceko olufanelekileyo lokusingqongileyo, jonga rhoqo imeko yamagqabi, kwaye unyuse umoya ngaphandle kokubeka isityalo kwiidrafti ezinamandla.
Ukusetyenziswa kokuhombisa kunye nokudibanisa nezinye izityalo
I-crocodile fern igqame njengesityalo esigxile kumalungiselelo angaphakathi ngenxa yamagqabi ayo angaqhelekanga kunye nenkangeleko entle. Inokudityaniswa nezinye iintlobo ze-fern, ezifana ne-calatheas, i-marantas, kunye ne-ferns yemithi, okanye kunye nezityalo ezineemfuno ezifanayo. Hlanganisa i-crocodile fern kwiigadi ezithe nkqo, iiterrariums, iibhedi zezityalo eziluhlaza, okanye njengendawo ephambili kwiishelufa kunye neetafile zekofu. Ukuguquguquka kokukhula kwayo kuvumela nokuba isetyenziswe kwiibhalkhoni nakwithafa ezikhuselweyo kwiinyanga ezishushu.
Ayiqhelekanga ukuvelisa iintyatyambo zokubonisa, kuba ivelisa ngembewu, eyomeleza ubume bayo bokuhombisa ngenxa yembonakalo yamagqabi ayo.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Malunga neNgwenya Fern
- Ngaba i-crocodile fern inetyhefu? Hayi, sesinye sezityalo ezicetyiswayo kumakhaya anabantwana kunye nezilwanyana zasekhaya ngenxa yetyhefu ephantsi.
- Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukukhula? Ukukhula kwayo kucotha kodwa kuzinzile phantsi kweemeko zokusingqongileyo ezifanelekileyo. Emva kweminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu, inokufikelela kubukhulu bayo bokugqibela ukuya kuthi ga kwimitha enye ubude kunye ne-40 cm ububanzi.
- Ngaba ingakhuliswa nge-hydroponic? Ayiqhelekanga ukucetyiswa, kuba amanzi amaninzi okanye ukungabikho kwe-organic substrate kunokuwenza buthathaka lula.
- Ngaba ifuna ukuthenwa? Ukuthena akubalulekanga, ngaphandle kokususa amagqabi awonakeleyo, agulayo okanye amadala, nto leyo ekhuthaza ukuhluma kwakhona kwamagqabi amatsha.
I-crocodile fern yi-botanical gem ethi, ngononophelo olufanelekileyo, inokukhula iminyaka emininzi ekhayeni lakho. Ukongeza ekuboneleleni ngobuhle, ukukhululeka kwayo ekuveliseni kunye nokuchasana nezinambuzane ezininzi kukwenza kube lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwabo bafuna isityalo esisodwa sokuhombisa kunye nobuntu. Thatha inzuzo yeempawu zayo kwaye wenze indawo ekugxilwe kuyo kwiikona ezinokukhanya okuthambileyo kunye nokusingqongileyo okufumileyo; iya kukuvuza ngamahlamvu anomtsalane kunye nobukho obungenakuthelekiswa nanto betropiki.