Ukuba ungumthandi wamaqunube kwaye ukhe wazibuza ukuba ungatyala njani amaqunube ekhaya, unethamsanqa. Ukukhulisa amajikijolo amnyama kulula kakhulu kunokuba kubonakala, kwaye ezi zityalo zilungelelanisa ngokugqibeleleyo kuzo zombini iigadi ezinkulu nezincinci, nakwiimbiza. Nangona kunjalo, ukuze ufumane isivuno esikhulu nesinempilo, kubalulekile ukwazi ezona meko zintle zokukhula. ukulima, i uyakhathala iimpawu eziphambili kunye nazo zonke iimfihlo ezenza esi sihlahla seziqhamo sibe yenye yezona zinto zikhethwayo kwigadi yasekhaya.
Kweli nqaku, awuzukufumana kuphela iintlobo ze-blackberry ezilinywa ngokubanzi kunye neempawu zazo, kodwa uya kufunda inyathelo ngenyathelo malunga nokutyala amaqunube amnyama, yintoni umhlaba ogqwesileyo kunye neemeko zemozulu, yintoni efunekayo emva kokhathalelo, indlela yokulawula ukukhula kwazo, kwaye kuya kufuneka ulinde ixesha elingakanani ukuvuna amaqunube akho okuqala. Siza kujonga nasekuzikhuliseni ezimbizeni, ukuba ziphindaphindeka njani ngokulula, kunye nezinye zezona zibonelelo zazo zesondlo ziphawuleka. Konke oku kudityaniswe nolwazi lwemvelaphi evela kwabo sele bebakhulisele ekhaya kunye neengcebiso ezivela kwiingcali zegadi.
Iintlobo eziphambili ze-blackberry ukukhula ekhaya
Ngaphambi kokuba ungene kwiinkcukacha malunga nokutshala ama-blackberries, kubalulekile ukwazi iindidi eziqhelekileyo ze-blackberry. Bonke bangamalungu odidi Irubus kwaye ngaphakathi kweli qela kukho amakhulu eentlobo kunye nemihlanganisela, nangona kwigadi yasekhaya oku kulandelayo kugqama kakhulu:
- Amaqunube anamevaEzi ziquka iindidi ezifana neAshton Cross, Bailey, Bedford Giant, Cherokee, Dewberry, Himalaya, Loganberry, Runguer, Tupi, kunye neYoungberry, phakathi kwabanye. Zizityalo zesintu, ezomeleleyo kakhulu, nangona zinameva anokwenza kube nzima ukuvuna.
- Amaqunube amnyama angenameva: Aurora, Black Diamond, Black Satin, Darrow, Dirksen, Evergreen, Loch Ness, Smoothstem, Thornfree, Thornless, enika inzuzo yokuba lula ukuphatha kunye nokuvuna.
Ukukhankanywa okukhethekileyo kufanelekile I-blackberry yeMeditera (URubus ulmifolius L.), inconywa ngokukodwa ukuba uhlala kwindawo eshushu, njengoko inyamezela isomiso kunye nomhlaba we-alkaline kangcono kunezinye iindidi.
Iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokukhulisa amaqunube
Impumelelo yokutyala i-blackberries ixhomekeke kakhulu ekukhetheni indawo efanelekileyo kunye nokulungiselela umhlaba (okanye imbiza) ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabo. Amaqunube achuma kakhulu kwiindawo ezinemozulu epholileyo nezifumileyo., nangona, njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, kukho iinguqu ezilungiselelwe ngakumbi kwiimeko ezishushu.
- eLuziBakhetha iindawo ezinelanga, nangona ukuba imozulu ishushu kakhulu, bayakwazi ukuziqhelanisa nomthunzi. Ngokufanelekileyo, kufuneka bafumane ubuncinane iiyure ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6 zokukhanya kwelanga ngqo imihla ngemihla ukuvuselela iintyatyambo kunye neziqhamo.
- temperatura: Zifuna zombini ixesha lokubanda (kwindawo yokulala yasebusika) kunye neeveki ezishushu ehlotyeni, nto leyo ekhuthaza uphuhliso lweziqhamo ezimnandi nezinencasa.
- Umgangatho: I-blackberry ayifuni, kodwa ikhetha umhlaba ofumileyo, otsalwe kakuhle otyebileyo kwizinto eziphilayoEyona pH iphakathi kwe 5,5 kunye ne 6,5 (ine acidic kancinane ukuya kwi neutral), nangona iqunube elimnyama leMeditera liyinyamezela kancinane imihlaba yealkaline.
- Gcina umhlaba uthambile kwaye uthambile, kuquka i-compost, i-worm castings okanye i-peat ngaphambi kokutyala ukuqinisekisa ukukhula okunamandla, okunempilo.
Unokwandisa ulwazi malunga nohlobo Irubus kwesi sikhokelo sipheleleyo ukuphanda nzulu kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neentlobo ezikhoyo.
Inzuzo ebalulekileyo yokukhulisa ama-blackberries ekhaya kukuba, ngaphezu kokuqina, baqhelana kakuhle neemeko ezahlukeneyo, nje kuphela ukuba amanzi amaninzi kunye nesomiso esingapheliyo siyagwenywa.
Indlela yokutyala amaqunube amnyama inyathelo ngenyathelo
Ukutyala amaqunube amnyama kunokwenziwa kwiimbewu, iziqwenga, okanye izithole ezithengwe kwindawo yokugcina abantwana. Olona khetho lukhawulezayo nelona lusebenzayo kwigadi yakho okanye kwigadi yakho yeziqhamo kukuqala ngezithole ezineengcambu okanye izigawu, nangona sichaza ezi ndlela zintathu zilandelayo:
- NgembewuHlamba iimbewu ezithathwe kwiziqhamo ezivuthiweyo kakuhle. Zihlwayele kumandlalo wembewu enesubstrate efumileyo kwaye ugqume kancinci. Zintshula kwiiveki ezimbalwa. Le yinkqubo ecothayo kwaye engaxhaphakanga kangako ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwemfuzo kwesityalo.
- NgokusikaSika iziqendu eziphilileyo zeziqu ezincinci (malunga ne-20 cm), susa amagqabi asezantsi, uwafake kwi-substrate emanzi, ngokukodwa nge-hormone ye-rooting. Zineengcambu ngokulula ukuba zigcinwe kwindawo efudumeleyo kunye nokufuma okuqhelekileyo.
- NgezitholeIlungele abaqalayo. Gcoba umngxuma kabini ubukhulu bebhola yengcambu, ubeke isityalo ngaphakathi, kwaye ugcwalise ngokuqinileyo. Nkcenkceshela kakuhle emva kokutshintshwa.
Jonga esi sikhokelo ukuze ufunde inkqubo epheleleyo ukusuka kwimbewu ukuya kwisiqhamo. ukuqonda ngcono inyathelo ngalinye lokulinywa kwamaqunube.
- Kubalulekile shiya umgama owaneleyo phakathi kwezityalo (ubuncinci yi-1,2 yeemitha phakathi kwazo kunye ne-2,5 yeemitha phakathi kwemiqolo) ukuthintela ukuba zingabhinqiki kunye nokwenza lula ukuvuna.
- Ekubeni amaqunube athanda ukusasazeka, Kungcono ukutyala kwiibhedi okanye ukucanda indawo ngemiphetho yeplanga okanye yeplastiki.
Indlela yokukhulisa amaqunube kwiimbiza
Ukuba unendawo encinci okanye ukhetha ukukhula kwi-terrace, amajikijolo amnyama anokukhula ngokugqibeleleyo kwiimbiza ezinkulu. Nanga amanyathelo angundoqo:
- Sebenzisa imbiza ebanzi (umthamo weelitha ezingama-20 kunye ne-25-30 cm ubunzulu) kunye nokukhupha amanzi.
- Gcwalisa nge-substrate ecebileyo kwizinto eziphilayo, ukuxuba umgquba okanye i-worm humus.
- Ukuba uhlwayela ngembewu, zibeke embindini kwaye zogqume kancinci.
- Amanzi ukuze i-substrate ihlale ifumile kodwa ayinamanzi.
- Beka imbiza kwindawo enelanga elithe ngqo iiyure eziliqela ngosuku.
Funda kwesi sikhokelo indlela yokukhulisa ama-blackberries ekhaya kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. ukuqinisekisa ukuba isityalo sakho sikhula somelele kwaye sisempilweni phantsi kwazo naziphi na iimeko.
Xa amahlumela okuqala ephuma, zikhokele izikhondo ngezibonda okanye izinti ukuze zingawi kwaye zibhijene. Ukuthena kunye nokunkcenkceshela kubaluleke kakhulu njengezityalo ezikhule emhlabeni.
Ukhathalelo olubalulekileyo emva kokutyala amaqunube
Ukongeza kwindawo kunye nodidi lomhlaba, kukho inani lamanyathelo ononophelo asisiseko kodwa ayimfuneko ukuqinisekisa izityalo ezinamandla kunye nesivuno esikhulu:
- Ukuthenwa rhoqoAmaqunube athande ukwenza amasebe aphitheneyo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukugawula iziqu kunye nokuzithena ngonyaka. Susa amasebe amadala nafileyo emva kokuvuna kwaye uchebe amagqabi ebusika ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwamasebe amatsha athwala isiqhamo.
- Unkcenkceshelo: Zama ukugcina i-substrate ifumile, ngakumbi ngexesha leentyantyambo kunye nokumisela iziqhamo, kodwa ungaze ukhukulise. Ngokufanelekileyo, amanzi kancinci kwaye rhoqo (kabini okanye kathathu ngeveki ngexesha elifudumeleyo) kwaye unciphise ukunkcenkceshela ebusika.
- Ukuchumisa: Faka izichumiso ezinenitrogen eninzi entlakohlaza uze ugalele nge potassium (umzekelo, ngeti yeplantain okanye unkcenkceshelo lwetapile) njengoko ukudubula kwentyatyambo kuphucuka ubuninzi kunye nomgangatho weziqhamo.
- Ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane nezifoNangona amaqunube amnyama exhathisa, angachatshazelwa yi powdery mildew, chlorosis, aphid okanye spider mite attack. Ukusetyenziswa konyango lokuthintela kunye nokubeka iliso kwamagqabi kunye neziqu kuya kukuvumela ukuba usebenze ngexesha.
Thintela iibrambles ekungeneni kwezinye iindawo ngokulandela ezi ndlela zendalo ukugcina isityalo sakho silawulwa kwaye sisempilweni.
Khumbula ukuba Amaqunube anokuba nzima kakhuluIingcambu nakweliphi na isebe elichukumisa umhlaba. Ke ngoko, kufuneka uzigcine ziphantsi kolawulo lokuthena, uqeqesho, kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, izithintelo zomzimba okanye iimbiza zokuthintela ukuba zingabikho kwikoloni yonke igadi.
Ukuphindaphinda kunye nokusasazwa kwe-blackberry
Ukusasazwa kweBlackberry ngomnye weyona misebenzi ilula egadini:
- ngokusika: Sika isahlulo sesiqu esincinci kwaye usityale kumhlaba ofumileyo. Isuka ngokukhawuleza, kwaye kungekudala uya kuba nesityalo esitsha.
- NgokwalekwaGoba isebe eliguquguqukayo lide lichukumise umhlaba, liwugqume kancinci, kwaye ulinde ukuba liphuhlise iingcambu. Xa sele ineengcambu ezomeleleyo, yahlule kwaye uyitshintshe.
- Ngembewu: Ayixhaphakanga kangako, njengoko izityalo zinokwahluka kwisityalo esingumzali.
Ukukhululeka apho zisasazwa khona kuthetha ukuba unokwandisa ngokukhawuleza indawo yakho ekhulayo okanye unike izityalo ezitsha kwintsapho kunye nabahlobo.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba iqunube elimnyama lithwale isiqhamo?
Enye yeenzuzo ezinkulu zokukhulisa amajikijolo kukuba awuzukulinda iminyaka emininzi ukuze ujabulele isivuno sakho sokuqala. Amaqunube amnyama angaqalisa ukuvelisa iziqhamo ukusuka kunyaka wesibini wokutyala., ngokude nje iimeko zilungile kwaye isityalo sikhathalelwe kakuhle.
Ngokungafaniyo namanye amaqunube afana namaqunube, anokuvelisa izivuno ezibini ngonyaka, Amaqunube amnyama anesivuno esinye kuphela ngonyaka.Isiqhamo sivamise ukuvunwa ehlotyeni, xa amaqunube ajika abemnyama abengezelayo, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba akwincopho yawo yokuvuthwa kunye nobumnandi.
Isihlahla esilinywe kakuhle sinokuvelisa amaqunube amnyama amaninzi iminyaka eliqela, ibe nemveliso ngakumbi ukusuka kunyaka wesibini okanye wesithathu. Khumbula ukuwavuna ngononophelo ukuze ugweme ukonakalisa iziqu, kwaye ukuba iindidi zakho zinameva, nxiba iiglavu zegadi.
Iinzuzo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-blackberry
Ngaphandle kwencasa yayo emnandi kunye nayo lula ukulima, i-blackberry ngumthombo wendalo wempilo. Phakathi kweenzuzo zayo eziphambili zezondlo, ume phandle:
- Isityebi antioxidants ezifana anthocyanins, enoxanduva lombala wayo omfusa-mnyama
- Umthombo weevithamini A, C kunye no-K, eziyimfuneko kumajoni omzimba kunye nokuba sempilweni jikelele
- Umxholo wefiber ephezulu, okhuthaza ukugaya kunye nempilo ye-cardiovascular
- Amandla achasene nokuvuvukala kunye nomxholo wekhalori ephantsi
Amaqunube amnyama angatyiwa amatsha, kwiidessert, iijam, iijusi, iismoothies, iyogathi, iisaladi, okanye nje njengesnack esempilweni. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ungagqithisi kuzo ngenxa yomxholo wefructose, ngakumbi ukuba unesifo seswekile okanye iingxaki ze-insulin.
Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo malunga nokukhula kwamaqunube ekhaya
- Ndingalima amaqunube nakweyiphi na imozulu? Nangona ikhetha imozulu epholileyo, kukho iindidi phantse kuwo nawuphi na ummandla. Ukuba imozulu ishushu kakhulu, khangela indawo enomthunzi kwaye unkcenkceshele rhoqo.
- Ngaba iqunube liyahlasela? Ewe, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba unciphise indawo yokutyala, ukuthena kunye nokuqeqesha iziqu.
- Ngaba imbiza ikhula nzima? Ngokuchasene noko. Konke okudingayo yimbiza enkulu, umhlaba olungileyo, kwaye, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukuhambelana kokunkcenkceshela kunye nokuthena.
- Ndizithintela njani izifo kwisityalo sam? Ukubeka iliso ukufuma okugqithisileyo, sebenzisa i-substrates ezigalelwe kakuhle, kwaye wenze ukuthenwa kwesondlo ukukhusela izifo zokungunda.
Ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokutyala amaqunube amnyama ekhaya, uya kufumanisa ukuba sesinye sezona zityalo zinemivuzo, kokubini incasa yeziqhamo zazo kunye nokukhululeka kwazo. Ngokuqwalasela kancinci ukuthena, ukunkcenkceshela, kunye nenkxaso efanelekileyo, iblackberry yakho iya kukuvuza ixesha emva kwexesha kunye nemveliso yesisa kunye nenempilo yamaqunube amnyama amnandi, alungele ukutya amatsha, umkhenkce, okanye ukuguqula ube ziiresiphi ezimnandi. Unesibindi sokuhlanganisa esi sihlahla kwigadi yakho, ithala, okanye igadi yasezidolophini kwaye wonwabele zonke izibonelelo zokuba nequnube lakho elimnyama ekufikeleleni ngokulula.
