El Araucaria bonsai Kuligugu kuye nawuphi na umthandi wezityalo okhangela umceli mngeni kunye nokwaneliseka kokukhula komzekelo okhethekileyo. Yaziwa ngokubonakala kwayo okungaqhelekanga, ixesha elide, kunye nobuhle, iAraucaria, ngakumbi IAraucaria heterophylla o IAraucaria iphumeleleI-Araucaria bonsai idinga ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwaye ifanelwe ukuqonda ngokucokisekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukukhula okunempilo kunye nokugcina uphawu lwayo lwepiramidi. Apha ngezantsi, uya kufumana yonke into oyifunayo ukuze ukwazi ukukhathalela i-Araucaria bonsai yakho, ukusuka kwisazisi sayo sebhotani kunye neempawu ze-morphological ukuya kubuchule obukhethekileyo bokulima, ukuthena, ukutshintshwa, ukuthintela izinambuzane, nokunye okuninzi.
Iimpawu kunye nemvelaphi yeAraucaria njengebhonsai
La IAraucaria Yeyakhe Usapho lweAraucariaceae kwaye inzalelwane yaseMazantsi ePasifiki, njengeSiqithi saseNorfolk eOstreliya, iinxalenye zeSouthern Cone yoMzantsi Merika (eChile naseArgentina), iKaledonia eNtsha, kunye nemimandla ethile yetropikhi neyetropiki. Lo mthi uhlala uluhlaza ubalasele ngokulinganayo, isithsaba sawo sephiramidi, kunye nexolo lawo elinexolo kunye negatsha elithe tye, elithi, nakwimo yebhonsai, ligcine inkangeleko eyahlukileyo neyakudala.
- Igama lezesayensi: Araucaria heterophylla (isithethantonye: Araucaria excelsa).
- Umthi oluhlaza: Amagqabi ayo aluhlaza nanamagqabi ahlala unyaka wonke.
- Ukukhula okucothayo: Ukwenza kube yinto efanelekileyo kwiindawo ezincinci kunye neeprojekthi zebhonsai.
- Imilo yephiramidi: Zombini isampuli yabantu abadala kunye nebhonsai zinesakhiwo esilingeneyo nesibukekayo.
- Isiqu esithe nkqo: Isiseko esiqinileyo, esine-scaly bark kunye nokuchasana okukhulu kwiminyaka.
- Amasebe anameva: Iinkcukacha ezingaqhelekanga ezahlula iAraucaria kwezinye iiconifers.
- Ixesha elide: Iisampulu zinokuphila amakhulu eminyaka, nangona zimelana neemeko ezimbi zokusingqongileyo.
I-Araucaria bonsai iqhelanisa nezimbo ezifana Ukuthe ngqo okusesikweni, ngokuthe ngqo okusesikweni, ukuthambekela, iingxangxasi, i-multi-trunk kunye nelitye, ikuvumela ukuba wenze yonke into ukusuka kwiingoma zakudala ukuya kuyilo loyilo oluphefumlelwe yindalo yasendle.
Indawo efanelekileyo kunye nomoya
El Araucaria bonsai ikhula kakuhle kwiindawo ezikhanyiswe kakuhle, kodwa kubalulekile ukunqanda ukukhanya kwelanga ngexesha eliphakathi kwemini, njengoko oku kunokutshisa amagqabi acekeceke. Khangela i indawo eqaqambileyo enokukhanya okungathanga ngqo, kufutshane nefestile ehluziweyo, okanye ithala elinomthunzi kancinci ehlotyeni. Ngaphandle, iyawanyamezela amaqondo obushushu aphantsi, kodwa kubalulekile ukuyikhusela kwiqabaka okanye umoya owomileyo.
- Kwiimozulu ezipholileyo, iyakwazi ukuhlala ngaphandle unyaka wonke.
- Ngaphakathi, ngexesha lobusika obubandayo, kucetyiswa ncedisa ukukhanya kwendalo ngokukhanya okungeyonyani i-spectrum epheleleyo ukuthintela ukutyheli kwamagqabi okanye ukukhula buthathaka.
- Gwema utshintsho ngokukhawuleza kwiqondo lokushisa kunye imisinga yomoya, ezinokugxininisa isityalo.
- Gcina i ukufuma okuphezulu kwendawo; iindawo ezomileyo zinciphisa amandla amagqabi.
Ukunkcenkceshela kunye nokufuma
I-Araucaria ifuna inkqubo yokunkcenkceshela ephakathi, ukuphepha kokubini ukugqithisa kunye nembalela ixesha elide. Ngaphambi kokunkcenkceshela, Khangela ukuba umaleko ophezulu we-substrate womile kwi-touch (malunga ne-1 cm ubunzulu). Ukuba ungathanda ukufunda ngakumbi malunga nobuchule bokukhathalela isondlo sebhonsai yakho, sicebisa ukuba undwendwele Iingcebiso zokwenza ibhonsai ekhaya.
- Sebenzisa amanzi emvula okanye, ukusilela, amanzi asebhotileni ukuphepha i-chlorine engaphezulu kunye neetyuwa ezonakalisa iingcambu. Ukuba unamanzi etephu kuphela, yiyeke ahlale iiyure ezingama-24 phambi kokuba uwasebenzise.
- Rhoqo: Nkcenkceshela nanini na xa i-substrate yomile phezu komhlaba, ukulungelelanisa rhoqo ubushushu be-ambient kunye nokukhula kwesityalo.
- Ehlotyeni nakwindawo ezomileyo, fafaza amagqabi kanye okanye kabini ngemini ukwandisa ukufuma kwe-ambient, ngakumbi ukuba ubona iingcebiso ezomileyo emagqabini.
I-substrate efanelekileyo ye-Araucaria bonsai
I-substrate ingundoqo kwimpumelelo ye-Araucaria bonsai. Ikhetha ekhululekileyo, imixube ene-aerated kunye nokukhupha okugqwesileyo ukuthintela ukubola kweengcambu kunye nokukhuthaza i-oxygenation yeengcambu. Ukwandisa ulwazi lwakho malunga nokunakekelwa kwe-substrate, unokubonisana Yila inyathelo lebhonsai ngenyathelo, ukuchumisa.
- Idibanisa akadama, kiryu kunye nepumice kwiindawo ezilinganayo ukubonelela ngezondlo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwamanzi kunye nomoya.
- Yiphephe imihlaba exineneyo okanye leyo inezinto eziphilayo ezigqithileyo, njengoko zinokugcina ukufuma okuninzi.
- Hlaziya i-substrate kwi-transplant nganye ukugcina amandla.
Ukuchumisa kunye nomgquba
Igalelo lezondlo kubalulekile ukugcina impilo kunye nokulawulwa kokukhula kwe-Araucaria bonsai. Khulisa entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni Ukusebenzisa isichumiso esithile solwelo sebhonsai. Ngalo lonke ixesha ulandela ezi ngcebiso:
- Nciphisa isichumiso kwi isiqingatha sethamo elicetyiswayo ngumenzi wokuthintela ukwakhiwa kwetyuwa kunye nokukhula okungafunekiyo.
- Ziphephe izichumisi ezityebileyo kwinitrogen; khetha iifomyula ezilungeleleneyo okanye ezo zizityebi kwi-potassium kunye ne-phosphorus.
- Ekwindla, ungasebenzisa isichumisi esipheleleyo, esilawulwayo sokukhululwa ukuze uncede isityalo simelane nobusika.
Ukuthena kunye nokubumba iAraucaria
Ukuthena kunye nokubunjwa kubalulekile ekugcineni ubume be-Araucaria. Isebenza kunye ukuchaneka kunye nobumnandi ukuze ungabi buthathaka isityalo. Ngobuchule obuthile bokubumba, unokubonisana Indlela yokubumba isiqu sebhonsai.
- Susa amasebe akhula ngaphakathi okanye ezantsi, kunye nezo zigqwetha i-pyramidal silhouette.
- Yenza i Ukuthenwa kwesakhiwo ekupheleni kobusika okanye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuba uqalise ukukhula kwakhona.
- Ukulawula ubude kunye nobuninzi, i-pinch i-pex yamasebe phakathi entwasahlobo.
- Ukufakwa kweentambo kunokwenziwa unyaka wonke kumasebe amancinci; kuthintele ukuqina kakhulu kwaye ungaze ulushiye ucingo lusendaweni ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezintathu ukunqanda amanqaku.
- Ukuprintwa kwengcambu kwi-transplants (rhoqo kwiminyaka emibini okanye emithathu) ukuhlaziya i-substrate kunye nokugcina inkqubo yeengcambu ezihlangeneyo nezinempilo.
Ukutshintshwa: ukuphindaphindwa kunye nobuchule
El ukufakelwa Kubalulekile ukuchumisa rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu, kwaye kufuneka kwenziwe entlakohlaza ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwezityalo. Qhubeka ngononophelo:
- Susa i-bonsai ngokubamba isiseko se-trunk, uqaphele ukuba ungonakalisi iingcambu ezintle.
- Susa i-substrate endala kunye cima ukuya kwisiqingatha seengcambu ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuvuselela ukukhula kweengcambu ezintsha.
- Beka isityalo embizeni inkulu kancinci kwaye uzalise i-substrate entsha kunye ne-aerated.
- Emva kokutshintshwa, beka ibhonsai emthunzini kunye nokunciphisa ukunkcenkceshela de ubone iimpawu zokukhula ziqala.
Izinambuzane eziqhelekileyo kunye nezifo
Ngoxa i IAraucaria Iyakwazi ukumelana, inokuchaphazeleka Izinambuzane ezifana ne-mealybugs, izinambuzane zesigcawu ezibomvu, i-aphids, i-thrips kunye nezinambuzane zescale. Yenza uhlolo rhoqo, ngakumbi kumahlumela, amasebe, kunye nangaphantsi kwamagqabi. Ukubeka iliso ngokufanelekileyo, ndwendwela Ulwazi oluninzi malunga neAraucaria.
- Uthintelo: Gcina ibhonsai icocekile, ingena umoya omhle kwaye ngaphandle kokufuma okugqithisileyo.
- Ukulawula: Ukuba ubona izinambuzane, zinyange ioli yehorticultural (ngokuhlonela umthamo) okanye kunye nezinambuzane ezithile zebhonsai.
- Izifo: Ukubola kweengcambu kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokuchithwa kwamanzi, kunye nokubonakala kwe amabala amagqabi y ngundo sooty kwindawo ezifumileyo ngokugqithisileyo. Sebenzisa imichiza yokungunda ukuba kukho imfuneko kwaye uphucule amanzi.
Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nenyathelo elikhawulezileyo kubalulekile ukunqanda ukuba isityalo singabi buthathaka kakhulu.
Izitayela ze-bonsai ze-Araucaria kunye neemilo
- I-Rectum esesikweni: Isiqu esithe nkqo nesithsaba esilungelelaniswe kumbindi wesiseko.
- Umbhobho ongekho sikweni: I-trunk ethambekele kancinane, kodwa isithsaba esisembindini.
- NONE Umthi wonke ungqiyama kwicala elinye, unika imvakalelo yokuhamba.
- Ingxangxasi: Incochoyi iwela kumphakamo okanye ngaphantsi komphetho wembiza, ilinganisa imithi ekhula emaweni.
- Imithi emininzi/ihlathi: Imithi emininzi kwimbiza enye, ivuselela imihlaba yendalo.
- Etyeni: Iingcambu ziqhelanisa kwaye ziwole amatye okanye zikhule phakathi kweentanda.
Ukuphindaphinda nokusasazwa
I-Araucaria bonsai inokuphinda-phindwe ukuhlwayela imbewu entwasahlobo okanye, kunqabile, usebenzisa ukusikwa kwe-apical xa ikhulele ngaphakathi. Ukufumana iindlela ezinzulu zokusasaza, bona Yintoni ibhonsai kwaye yintoni engekho.
- Imbewu intshula kakuhle kwiimeko zokufuma kunye nobushushu obuphakathi.
- Ukusikwa kufuna indawo efudumeleyo, efumileyo ukuze iingcambu, nangona impumelelo ixhaphake kakhulu kunembewu.
Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo kunye nezisombululo
- Ukuba i-bonsai ilahlekelwa ngamagqabi okanye ineengcebiso ezimdaka, jonga inqanaba lokufuma kunye nokunkcenkceshelaUkoma okugqithisileyo okanye indawo eyomileyo zizizathu eziqhelekileyo.
- Ukukhula okungalawulekiyo kunokubangelwa isichumiso senitrogen eninzi; kulungelelanisa ukuchumisa.
- I-Araucaria ingakhula ibe nkulu kunokuba ilindelwe ngaphakathi; lungisa ukuthenwa kwindawo ekhoyo okanye uyisuse ngaphandle.
- Kulumkele ukutyala kufutshane neziseko zophuhliso Ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokuhambisa i-Araucaria bonsai yakho kwigadi, iingcambu zayo zinokuphakamisa iindlela zokuhamba kunye nokonakalisa izakhiwo.
Indawo efanelekileyo kunye neengcebiso zeengcali
IAraucaria ikhula kakuhle kwiindawo ezinemozulu epholileyo, ipholile yaye ifumile, ihlobo elipholileyo nobusika obungenangqele ixesha elide. Nangona inyamezela amaqondo obushushu aphantsi, ingqele eqhaqhazelisa amazinyo okanye ubushushu obugqithisileyo bunokonakalisa isityalo. Ukufumana iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe ngokhathalelo oluthile, siyakumema ukuba undwendwele ukhathalelo lwebhonsai unyaka wonke. Indawo ene umthunzi ongaphelelanga kunye nomoya omhle ilungile, kwaye ukuba umoya kwindawo yakho yome kakhulu (umzekelo, kwiindawo zangaphakathi ezifudumeleyo), cinga ukusebenzisa i-humidifiers okanye iitreyi zamanzi kufuphi nebhonsai.
Ukukhulisa i-Araucaria bonsai kubandakanya a umthamo omkhulu womonde kunye nokuqwalaselwa rhoqoWonke umthi uphendula ngokwahlukileyo kancinci kukhathalelo olufumanayo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukunikela ingqalelo kwiimpawu ezibonisayo: umbala wamagqabi kunye nokubunjwa, izinga lokukhula, kunye namandla onke. Ukuphawula utshintsho kunye nokulungelelanisa ukunakekelwa ngokufanelekileyo ngundoqo kwimpumelelo yexesha elide. Ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga nezimbo zokubumba kunye nobuchule, ndwendwela ubungakanani obuvunyiweyo bebhonsai.
Ngokwazi nokusebenzisa ezi ngcebiso, i-Araucaria bonsai yakho inokugqama phakathi kwezona zintle kwaye zihlala ixesha elide kwingqokelela yakho. Ukuba sele unayo ekhaya, ukwabelana ngamava akho kuya kutyebisa abanye abathandi bobu bugcisa bubangela umdla.
