Xa sicinga ngokuba nezityalo ekhaya, umfanekiso weentyatyambo kunye neengqayi ezincinci zokuhombisa ufika engqondweni, kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba kukho iintlobo zemithi ezinokukhuliswa ngokugqibeleleyo ngaphakathi okanye kwiindawo ezincinci ezifana neeterras kunye neebhalkhoni. Enye yezona zinto zixatyiswa kakhulu yi umthi orenji omncinci, inketho efanelekileyo kwabo bafuna ukonwabela ikona eluhlaza, enamakha kunye neziqhamo ngaphakathi kwekhaya labo. Ukuba uyazibuza Indlela yokukhathalela umthi omncinci we-orenji ngembiza Kwaye ukuba ufuna ukuyenza iphumelele, ibukeka inempilo kwaye igcwele iziqhamo, apha uya kufumana inkcazo ecacileyo, isikhokelo esihlaziywe ngokupheleleyo, kunye nazo zonke iimfihlo, iingcebiso, kunye neengcebiso ezivela kwiingcali kunye nabanomdla wokunyamekela imithi ye-citrus kwiindawo ezincinci.
Iimpawu eziphambili zomthi orenji omncinci
Umthi omncinci we-orenji, Citrofortunella mitis, luhlobo oluxutyiweyo olukwabizwa ngokuba Calamondin, iOrenji yesiTshayina, iNaranjito del Obispo okanye iNaranjito de San José. Sesinye sezona ziqhamo zihonjisiweyo zesitrasi kwigadi yasekhaya ngenxa yayo ubungakanani be compact (ngokuqhelekileyo ayidluli kwimitha enye ubude ebhodweni, nangona eminye imizekelo, kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo, inokufikelela kwiimitha ezi-2) kwaye, ngaphezu kwayo yonke, ukubonakala kwayo okumangalisayo unyaka wonke.
Imele eyayo amagqabi aluhlaza, amaqabunga aluhlaza acwebezelayo, kwaye ngokukodwa ngenxa yokukwazi ukuvelisa iintyatyambo ezimhlophe ezincinci, ezinjengeenkwenkwezi (i-orange blossom) kunye nephunga elinamandla nelimnandi. Ezi ntyatyambo zinencasa zinika indlela yeziqhamo ezingqukuva, ekuqaleni zibe luhlaza, zize zibeorenji xa zivuthiwe, zinomlinganiselo ophakathi kwe 3 kunye ne 5 cm ububanzi. Iiorenji ezincinci ziyatyiwa, zidla ngokuba neasidi kakhulu kwaye ziyakrakra, nto leyo ezenza ukuba zilungele ijam, iimarmalade, okanye iicocktails kunokuba zityiwe ngokuthe ngqo.
Imvelaphi yaseAsia, i-calamondin iqhelane nayo imozulu eshushu kunye nepholileyo emhlabeni jikelele. Ngaphakathi, ikhula kakuhle lo gama nje ifumana ukukhanya okwaneleyo kwaye ikhuselwe kwidrafti kunye namaqondo obushushu aphantsi. Ikwasisityalo sesipho esigqwesileyo, njengoko ifanekisela amathamsanqa kwiinkcubeko ezininzi.
Iingcambu zayo zineengcambu zayo iimfuno zendawo ephantsi, uphawu olwenza ukuba lufaneleke kakhulu ukuphila embizeni, nokuba luvumele ukuba lushukunyiswe ukuze lukhuseleke ngokwamaxesha onyaka.
Ukukhetha imbiza kunye ne-substrate: izitshixo zophuhliso
Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kuphuhliso oluchanekileyo lomthi orenji wakho omncinci embizeni kukukhetha imbiza elungileyo kunye ne-substrateUbungakanani besikhongozeli bubalulekile: khetha imbiza enzulu, ebanzi, ekukhethwa ukuba ibe yi-40 ukuya kwi-50 cm ububanzi, ukuvumela ukukhula okulungileyo kweengcambu kunye nokukhula okulinganayo. Iimbiza zodongwe okanye i-ceramic zikhethwa, nangona iimbiza zeplastiki ezisemgangathweni zingasetyenziselwa ukuba amanzi ahlanzekile aqinisekisiwe.
- Umsele: kubalulekile ukukhusela amanzi kunye nokubola kweengcambu. Kufuneka ihlale inemingxuma kwisiseko kwaye, ukuba kunokwenzeka, yongeza umaleko wegrabile, iingqalutye, okanye iitshiphusi ze-ceramic ukunceda ukukhupha amanzi amaninzi.
- I-substrate efanelekileyoOwona mxube ulungileyo ngowokuvelisa kwakhona iimeko zemithi yesitrasi. Sebenzisa umhlaba wobuganga obusemgangathweni otyetyiswe ngezinto eziphilayo, umlinganiselo weperlite okanye isanti ukuphucula amanzi okuhambisa amanzi (ubuncinci yi-30%), kunye ne-acidic kancinane pH, kukhethwa phakathi kwe-5.5 kunye ne-6.5. Ungasebenzisa i-citrus substrates ezithile, ezihlala zidibanisa i-blond peat, i-coconut fiber, i-compost, kunye ne-peat emnyama. Ukuba ujonge ukuzilungiselela umxube wakho, isincomo esinye yi-60% yepeat emnyama okanye i-compost, i-30% yeperlite, kunye ne-10% ye-worm castings. Le ndibaniselwano iqinisekisa ukugcinwa kokufuma, ukungena komoya, kunye nezondlo ezaneleyo.
- Umgangatho weSubstrate: Gwema umhlaba onzima okanye oxinene kakhulu, njengoko uthintela ukukhula kweengcambu kwaye unokubangela izifo.
Khumbula ukuba, ekuhambeni kwexesha, kuyakufuneka ukuba uhlaziye umhlaba ongaphezulu (i-mulch) ngokuyinxenye okanye uwugalele kwimbiza enkulu kancinane rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-2-3 ukugcina amandla omthi.
Indawo efanelekileyo kunye nokukhanya
Umthi omncinci we-orenji ifuna ukukhanya okukhulu kuphuhliso olusempilweni. Ngokufanelekileyo, yibeke kwindawo apho ifumana khona ubuncinane iiyure ezi-6 zokukhanya kwelanga ngqo yonke imihla. Iindawo ezifanelekileyo zizithambeka, iipati, iibhalkhoni ezinelanga, okanye ecaleni kweefestile ezijonge emazantsi. Ngaphakathi, beka i-calamondin yakho kufutshane kakhulu nefestile eqaqambileyo, ukuthintela ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo kwiglasi, ngakumbi ngeeyure ezishushu zasehlotyeni, ukunqanda ukutsha kwamagqabi.
- Gwema imisinga yomoya enamandla kunye nokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza kwendawoOlu tshintsho lunokubangela ukuwa kwamagqabi kunye noxinzelelo kwisityalo.
- Kwiimozulu ezibandayoKuyacetyiswa ukuba ungenise isityalo ngaphakathi kwindlu ebusika ukuze usikhusele kwiqabaka, uqinisekisa ukubonakaliswa okuphezulu ekukhanyeni.
- Ukuba kunokwenzeka, khupha isityalo ngaphandle kwiinyanga ezifudumeleyo kwaye usikhusele endlwini xa amaqondo obushushu ehla.
- Ngamaxesha obushushu obukhulu, funa ulungelelwaniso lwelanga kunye nomthunzi ukukhusela iiyure ezinde zokukhanya kwelanga ekubangeleni uxinzelelo lwamanzi.
Iqondo lobushushu kunye nemozulu yomthi orenji omncinci
Umthi omncinci we-orenji uqinile, kodwa ayiwanyamezeli kakuhle amaqondo obushushu aphantsi okanye iqabaka. Elona qondo lobushushu liphakathi kwe-15 kunye ne-18 ° C (iyakwazi ukumelana namaqondo okushisa ukuya kuma-25-30 ° C ukuba inkcenkceshelwe kakuhle). Kwiqondo lobushushu elingaphantsi kwe-5°C, kubalulekile ukusikhusela ukunqanda umonakalo okanye ukufa kwesityalo.
- En Imozulu eshushu, inokuhlala unyaka wonke ngaphandle.
- En imozulu epholileyo okanye ebandayo, yikhusele ebusika kwindawo eqaqambileyo neshushu.
- Musa ukuyibeka esichengeni somoya onamandla okanye utshintsho ngequbuliso kwindawo.
Ukunkcenkceshela kunye nokufuma: ungawufaka njani amanzi ngokufanelekileyo umthi wakho omncinci we-orenji
El ukunkcenkceshela Lelinye lawona khathalelo lubalulekileyo. I-substrate kufuneka soloko ufumile kancinci, kodwa ayizange igalelwe ngamanzi. Kubalulekile ukuphepha zombini imbalela egqithisileyo kunye nokunkcenkceshela. Impazamo eqhelekileyo kukushiya amanzi amileyo kwisosi phantsi kwembiza, nto leyo enokubangela ukubola kweengcambu. Kufuneka ichithwe ngokupheleleyo emva kokunkcenkceshela nganye.
- Ngexesha lasentlakohlaza nasehlotyeni, nkcenkceshela amaxesha ama-2 ukuya kuma-4 ngeveki ngokuxhomekeke kwimozulu kunye nokutyhileka; phakathi kwehlobo kunye neendawo ezishushu kakhulu, kunokuba yimfuneko ukunkcenkceshela phantse yonke imihla. Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe, bona Indlela yokunkcenkceshela umthi wakho we-orenji ngokufanelekileyo.
- Ekwindla nasebusika, nciphisa ukuphindaphinda ukuya kumaxesha angama-1-2 ngeveki, uqinisekise ukuba umhlaba awuze wome ngokupheleleyo.
- Elona xesha lilungileyo lokunkcenkceshela kukusasa okanye ngorhatya, kuthintelwa iiyure zokukhanya okukhulu kwelanga.
- Kungcono usebenzise amanzi emvula okanye athambekele, njengoko amanzi aqine kakhulu anokubangela i-chlorosis kwaye athintele ukufunxa izondlo.
- Kwiindawo ezomileyo kakhulu, nyusa ukufuma ngokubeka isosari yeengqalutye ezifumileyo phantsi kwembiza (ngaphandle kwesiseko esichukumisa amanzi) okanye ugqume amagqabi kancinane kanye ngemini.
Isichumiso kunye nezondlo: ukondla umthi osempilweni we-orenji
Umthi omncinci we-orenji ifuna izondlo ezininzi ukuvalelwa kumhlaba omncinci. Ukuchumisa rhoqo kubalulekile ukuze kukhule ngamandla, kuchume iintyatyambo nokuqhama. Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe, nceda undwendwele Indlela yokuchumisa umthi we-orenji ngokuchanekileyo.
- Sebenzisa izichumisi ezithile zeziqhamo zesitrasi, ityebile kwinitrogen, ipotassium, intsimbi nemagnesium. Izichumisi ze-Organic, ezifana ne-worm castings okanye i-compost evuthiweyo, zinconywa ngokukodwa ngenxa yesiphumo sazo esihlala ixesha elide kunye nokuhambelana nokusetyenziswa kweziqhamo.
- Ngexesha lokukhula (entwasahlobo ukuya ekupheleni kwehlobo), galela isichumiso rhoqo emva kweeveki ezimbini. Ebusika, nciphisa ukuphindaphinda kube kanye ngenyanga okanye uyeke ukuba umthi ungena kwi-dormancy.
- Ngexesha leentyantyambo kunye nexesha lokubeka iziqhamo, ukuxhaswa kwe-potassium kunceda ukuphucula umgangatho, ukuqina, kunye nencasa yeeorenji.
- Inika i-microelements, njengentsimbi, i-zinc kunye ne-manganese, eyona nto iphambili ekukhuseleni i-chlorosis (amagqabi aphuzi).
Kuphephe ukusebenzisa izichumisi zamayeza enziwe afana nalawo aveliswe ngabenzi okanye agqithisileyo, njengoko zinokuwunyakamisa umhlaba kwaye zonakalise iingcambu. Ukuba ukhetha izichumisi ezingamanzi, landela iidosi ezicetyiswayo zomenzi.
Ukuthena kunye noqeqesho: ungawugcina njani umthi we-orenji omfitshane umile
La ukuthena Kubalulekile ukugcina ubungakanani kunye nesakhiwo somthi orenji omncinci. Nangona azifuni ukuthenwa kakhulu, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kwenziwe njalo ngonyaka ukuqinisekisa ukuba amagqabi amaninzi kunye nempilo. Ngobuchule obunzulu, ndwendwela indlela yokuthena umthi we-orenji ngokuchanekileyo.
- Elona xesha lilungileyo lokuthena ku ekupheleni kobusika okanye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuba isityalo siqale ukukhula okusebenzayo.
- Susa amagatsha abuthathaka, anesifo, omile, awonakele, okanye awela ngaphakathi kwecanopy, ngaloo ndlela uququzelela ukujikeleza komoya kunye nokungena ukukhanya.
- Sika nawaphina amahlumelo okanye iisuckers eziphuma ngokuthe nkqo kwisiseko, kunye nawo nawaphi na amasebe amade kakhulu ukugcina ukumila okukuko.
- Emva kokuvuna isiqhamo, ukuthenwa kancinci kuvuselela iintyatyambo ezintsha kunye nemveliso.
- Ngalo lonke ixesha sebenzisa izixhobo ezicocekileyo nezibulala iintsholongwane ukuthintela usulelo lwezifo.
Inkathalo ngokuchasene nezinambuzane kunye nezifo
Umthi omncinci we-orenji, njengazo zonke iziqhamo zesitrasi, unokuchaphazeleka izibetho nezifoUkubeka iliso rhoqo kunye nokukhusela izixhobo ezingcono kakhulu zokuphepha iingxaki ezinzulu. Ngonyango oluthile, khangela ezona zifo zixhaphakileyo kwimithi yeorenji.
- Impukane emhlophe: Zibonakala njengezinambuzane ezincinci ezimhlophe kumzantsi wamagqabi, zibangela ukuba buthathaka kunye namabala ancangathi. Baphathwa nge-insecticide ethile okanye isepha ye-potassium.
- Isigcawu esibomvu: ibangela amachokoza atyheli okanye ibe mdaka emagqabini. Ukuyiphelisa, sebenzisa i-organic acaricides okanye ukwandisa ukufuma kwe-ambient.
- Iintwala kunye ne-mealybugs: Zifunxa incindi kwaye zinokubangela ukukhubazeka. Ioyile ye-neem kunye neesepha zokubulala izinambuzane zizicombululo ezisebenzayo.
- Amakhowa (ezifana negummosis neanthracnose): Ezi zinto zinokuhlasela iingcambu, amagqabi neziqhamo. Bathanda ukwanda ngenxa yokufuma okugqithisileyo. Zithintele ngokuqinisekisa ukuba amanzi aphuma kakuhle kwaye usebenzise imichiza yokungunda ukuba sele ekhona.
- Ezinye izifoI-iron chlorosis (amagqabi aphuzi anemithambo eluhlaza) iphathwa nge-iron chelates.
Wahlole amagqabi rhoqo kwaye uphendule kuphawu lokuqala. Xa kwenzeka uhlaselo olunzima okanye oluqhubekayo, tshintsha umhlaba wokubumba kwaye uhlambulule imbiza ngamanzi kunye ne-bleach ngaphambi kokuba uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uhlambulule imbiza yamanzi. Isityalo esisempilweni, esinamandla sesona sokhuselo.
Ukutshintshwa kunye nokugcinwa konyaka
Rhoqo kwisithuba seminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwemi-3 (okanye xa uqaphela ukuba ukukhula kuyehlile kwaye iingcambu zigqobhoza kwimingxuma yokuhambisa amanzi), kuyacetyiswa ukuba uphinde ugalele umthi wakho omncinci we-orenji kwimbiza enkulu kancinci. Yenza oku entwasahlobo, emva kokuba umngcipheko weqabaka udlulile. Thatha eli thuba ukuhlaziya omnye umhlaba wembiza kwaye ujonge imeko yeengcambu. Ukuba ubona iingcambu ezibolileyo okanye ezimnyama, zinqumle phambi kokuba ugaye kwakhona.
Ukusasazwa kwemithi e-orenji emincinci
Eyona ndlela isebenzayo yokuphinda-phinda umthi omncinci we-orenji usuka imbewu, nangona kuyinkqubo ecothayo nenzima: ukusuka ekuhlumeni ukuya ekufumaneni umthi ovelisa iziqhamo, kunokuthabatha iminyaka ephakathi kwesi-7 ne-10. Ngexesha leminyaka yokuqala, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunqongophala kwenkathalo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukugcina i-substrate ifumile, yondliwe, kwaye ikwindawo efudumeleyo, ekhuselweyo. Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi, khangela indlela yokucothula iingcambu.
- Ingaphinda-phinda nge iinqumle zesemi-wood Ngentwasahlobo, usebenzisa iihomoni ze-rooting. Le yindlela ekhawulezayo nethembekileyo, nangona ifuna amava kunye nommandla olawulwayo.
Ukuba ulandela ezi zikhokelo zokhathalelo, uya kuba nethuba lokonwabela umthi we-orenji onamandla, ohonjisiweyo okwikhaya lakho, lowo, ngethemba, uthwele iziqhamo kunye neentyatyambo ezinuka kamnandi. Sisityalo esinombulelo, sihombise kakhulu, kwaye siqinile kakhulu ukuba unika ingqalelo kwiinkcukacha ezisisiseko. Lifanele ixesha nengqalelo, njengoko ingahombisi indawo kuphela kodwa ikwagcwalisa ikhaya ngobutsha, umbala kunye nevumba elimnandi.
