Molweni nonke, agrohuerters! Kwinqaku lanamhlanje, siza kufunda indlela yokwenza Romanesco cultivar ngendlela ye-ikholoji kunye nesikhokelo esandisiweyo, esisebenzayo nesineenkcukacha. Ukongeza, siza kubona elona xesha lilungileyo lokuya Ukuhlwayela nokutyala iRomanesco, indlela yokulungisa umhlaba ofanelekileyo, zeziphi iindlela zokunkcenkceshela ezisebenza kakuhle, kunye nento omawuyenze ukuze uthintele nokulawula Izinambuzane kunye nezifo zeRomanescoSiza kuphonononga kwakhona zabo iipropati, imibono yokuyipheka kunye nezinto ezinomdla malunga nodumo lwayo ijometri yefractalInjongo kukuba ube nayo yonke into oyifunayo ukuze uyifezekise iintloko ezixineneyo nezisempilweni, zombini egadini nakwiimbiza, kunye neendlela zokusingqongileyo zokulima.
Umxholo
Yintoni iRomanescu okanye iRomanesco?
El Romanescu okanye Romanesco Ingokwentsapho yaseBrassicaceae kwaye i iintlobo zecauliflower yemvelaphi yaseTaliyane. Ibonakaliswe yiyo i-inflorescences eluhlaza ilungisiwe iincopho zeconical ukukhumbuza iipiramidi ezincinci, kunye nephethini ephindaphindiweyo enomdla kuyo zombini i-aesthetics kunye nesakhiwo sayo. Ayikaziwa kakhulu kuzo zonke iigadi zasekhaya, kodwa ikhula ngokulinywa ngenxa yayo Isongo esimnandi, isiqe ixabiso lesondlo nokuba sisityalo esibulelayo xa iimfuno zaso zemozulu nomhlaba zihlonitshwa.
Iipropati zeRomanesco
I-Romanesco ixabiseke kakhulu ngexabiso layo lesondlo. Phakathi kwe iipropati eziphawulekayo Iimpawu zeRomanescu ziquka:
- Phakathi kweecauliflowers, yenye yezo ziqulethe kakhulu Vitamin C.
- Ityebile i-potassium, i-phosphorus, i-folic acid kunye ne-carotenoids, i-micronutrients ebalulekileyo kwi-immune system kunye nempilo yeselula.
- Ngumthombo olungileyo we ifayibha, ukukhuthaza ukuhamba kwamathumbu kunye nokuhlutha.
- Uye iikhalori eziphantsi, ukungena kakuhle kwizidlo zokulawula ubunzima.
- Ibonelela ngee-antioxidant compounds kunye iglucosinolates eqhelekileyo yebrassicas, enezibonelelo ezifundwe ngokubanzi.
Indlela yokupheka iRomanesco?
Le mifuno ingatyiwa ikrwada okanye iphekiwe kwaye iguquguquka kakhulu ekhitshini. Eminye imibono: Romanesco kunye béchamel kunye ham, Romanesco kunye namazambane kunye neeoli, Romanesco kunye pine nuts o Romanesco kunye netumata. I kuphekwe Romanesco Iqhunyiswe nge-drizzle ye-olive eyongezelelweyo ye-olive kunye ne-lemon. Ikrwada, kwizithungu ezincinci, ibonelela a crispy ethambileyo kwiisaladi ezinamandongomane kunye ne-vinaigrette ye-citrus. Ukongeza, kunokuba saute kwi-wok kunye negalikhi kunye nesesame okanye ulungiselele iikhrim ngemihluzi yemifuno. Abanye abantu bathatha ithuba le I-Romanesco ishiya, enokuthi ifakwe okanye ifakwe kwiisobho; incasa yabo ikhumbuza amanye amagqabi ebrassica.
I-Fractals kwindalo: Ijometri yefractal ye-Romanescu
Ukuba kukho into ecacileyo malunga neRomanescu, yinto yayo ijometri yefractalIiphiramidi ezincinci eziluhlaza ezakhayo ukungafumaneki Baphinda ipateni elandela i Fibonacci series, ebonisa indlela indalo ephindaphinda ngayo imilo kwimilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo. Ngeglasi yokukhulisa, unokubona indlela i-spiral nganye eyenziwe ngayo ngama-spirals amancinci, umzekelo we-didactic yeefractals. Le pateni, ukongeza kwi-Romanesco, ibonwa kwi iintyatyambo artichoke, i ojongilanga, Las iinanapples kwi i-phyllotaxy yezityalo ezininzi.
Siyishiya izibalo kwaye siqhubela phambili kwi-practice yegadi kunye Iingcebiso zenyathelo ngenyathelo lokukhulisa iRomanesco.
Isikhokelo esipheleleyo sokukhulisa iRomanescu organically
Sele sikhankanyile ukuba ayisiso esinye sezona zityalo zixhaphakileyo, kodwa iyanda kuba, ngokhathalelo olufanelekileyo, inika ukusebenza kakuhle kunye neentloko ezimangalisayo kakhulu. Ngezantsi uya kufumana a inyathelo ngesinyathelo ukuze ukwazi ukukhetha ixesha lokuhlwayela, lungisa ibhedi yembewu, ukutshintshwa, amanzi kunye nokuchumisa ngokuchanekileyo, ngokunjalo thintela izinambuzane kunye nokuzuza isivuno esisemgangathweni. Nanini na kunokwenzeka, beka izinto ezibalulekileyo kwindawo yokuqala iintlobo zendawo okanye ezilungiselelwe kwindawo yakho ukuphucula iziphumo kunye nokomelela.
1. Ukuhlwayela iRomanesco
Ukuqala isityalo, hlwayela isityalo Imbewu yeRomanesco kwiibhedi zembewu. Ungasebenzisa iitreyi ezine-alveoli malunga ne-4 x 4 cm okanye iimbiza ezincinci. Indawo Iimbewu ezi-2 ngesokethi nganye kwaye, ukuba zombini ziyahluma, susa esona sithole sibuthathaka. la ubunzulu bokutyala efanelekileyo imalunga 1 cm, ukugubungela kancinci nge-substrate entle.
Ixesha lokutyala: Kwimozulu epholileyo, iRomanesco ityalwa kuyo Intwasahlobo nehloboKwiindawo ezinehlobo elipholileyo unokwandisa ixesha lokuhlwayela ukusuka ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo phezulu ngasekupheleni kwehloboKwiindawo ezifudumeleyo kuyacetyiswa ukuba uqhubele phambili ukuhlwayela primavera ukunqanda amaqondo obushushu aphezulu ngexesha lokutyeba kwentloko. Ukuba uceba ngenyanga, abalimi abaninzi bayayityala phakathi kukaMeyi noSeptemba; abanye bakhetha NgoJulayi nango-Agasti ukungena ekwindla kunye nezityalo ezinamandla. Lungisa umhla ngokwemozulu yakho kwaye uphephe ezona ndawo ziphezulu zobushushu obugqithisileyo.
Iqondo lobushushu kunye nokukhanya: ukuntshula kulungile nge I-18-22 ºC kunye nokukhanya okulungileyo, ukuphepha ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo ngexesha eliphakathi kwemini ukuba kushushu. Gcina i-substrate soloko imanzi, ngaphandle kwezikhukula. Iqhinga eliluncedo kukugubungela kancinci umphezulu webhedi yembewu ngomaleko obhityileyo we vermiculite, enceda ukugcina umswakama kwaye isebenze njenge yokwambathisa obushushu, ukuthanda ukuzalwa komntu omnye.
I-seedling substrate: sebenzisa i-substrate ilula, ithambile kwaye ikhupha kakuhleUlungiselelo oluthile lwebhedi yembewu, okanye umxube wefiber yekhokhonathi kunye ne-worm castings, isebenza kakuhle kakhulu. Ziphephe izinto ezixinene kakhulu. Hlwayela kwindawo engena moya ukuthintela ukuthambisa (ukutshona kwezithole).
Ukhathalelo lokuqala: gcina ibhedi yembewu ukukhanya okuninzi ukuze izithole zingabotshwa. Xa banamagqabi okwenyaniso ama-2, ungaqala a ukuqina Ukuqhubela phambili (ukuvezwa kancinci kancinci ngaphandle) kwiveki phambi kokutshintshwa. Ukutshiza amanzi ukuba i-substrate ibonakala yomile phezu komhlaba kwaye ugweme ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithiseleyo, okukhuthaza i-fungus.
2. Ukutyala nini iRomanesco?
Umzuzu we ukutshintshwa ukuya egadini Ifika xa izithole zine 3-5 amagqabi okwenyaniso kunye nebhola yeengcambu ezihambelanayo, ngokuqhelekileyo malunga nenyanga emva kokuhlwayela. Yenza a umngxuma ubukhulu beengcambuBeka isityalo ebhodweni kwaye ucinezele ngobunono umhlaba ukuqinisekisa ukudibana kweengcambu. Nkcenkceshela ngokucokisekileyo emva kokutshintshwa ukuze uhlale umhlaba kwaye unciphise uxinzelelo lwamanzi.
Indawo: al Romanescu uyalithanda ilangakodwa ayibunyamezeli kakuhle ubushushu obugqithisileyoEhlotyeni kakhulu kuyacetyiswa ukuba utyale kwindawo ene umthunzi okhanyayo ngezona yure zinzima okanye ukusetyenziswa i-shading mesh 30-40% ukuphepha ukutshisa kunye noxinzelelo. amaqondo obushushu aphakathi ndithanda ukusekwa kwe iintloko ezixineneyo.
Umhlaba: ukhetha imihlaba ukukhanya okanye ukuthetha ngokuphandle, ikhululekile kwaye isityebi kwi-humusnge umjelo olungileyo. Umhlaba onamanzi amaninzi ubeka phambili kwizifo zeengcambu. I-pH efanelekileyo iphakathi 6,2 kunye ne7,2Ukuba umhlaba uneasidi, a ilungiswe ngekalika okanye iinyanga ze-calcium carbonate ngaphambi kokuba ukulima kunokulinganisa. Iyabonelela umgquba ovuthiweyo okanye umgquba obole kakuhle ukuphucula ubume kunye nokuchuma.
Isakhelo sokutyala: yeka I-40 ukuya kwi-60 cm phakathi kwezityalo kunye I-60 ukuya kwi-80 cm phakathi kwemigca, kuxhomekeke kukuqina kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nokuchuma komhlaba. Kwiigadi ezinzulu ezinemihlaba echume kakhulu, isakhelo se 40-50 cm phakathi kwezityalo idla ngokwaneleyo. Ukutyala ngokuxinana kakhulu kunokunciphisa ubukhulu bentloko kwaye kwandise izehlo zezinambuzane.
Isitiya esenziwe ngembiza: kunokwenzeka ukuba ukhule i-romanescu ngaphakathi izitya. Khetha iimbiza ze Iilitha ezi-20-30 umgangatho ngamnye, nge imingxuma yokukhupha amanzi kunye ne-substrate esemgangathweni (umxube we-coconut fiber, i-compost, kunye ne-perlite ethile). Beka imbiza kwindawo ene ilanga lasekuseni kunye nomthunzi okhanyayo ngexesha lokufudumala. Gcoba umphezulu nge umququ ukugcina ukufuma kunye nokunciphisa ukuguquguquka kwe-thermal.
3. Imisebenzi eyimfuneko yokuhlakulela i-romanescu
Ukunkcenkceshela Romanesco
IRomanescu iyayixabisa a ukufuma rhoqo emhlabeni ngaphandle kokufikelela kwi-puddles. I ukunkcenkceshela Yeyona ndlela isebenzayo, ene-2-4 l/h drippers elungelelaniswe kwimozulu yakho kunye nokuthungwa komhlaba. Kwimihlaba eyisanti, kuya kufuneka unkcenkceshele rhoqo; kwimihlaba eludongwe, vula indawo yokunkcenkceshela kodwa uphephe ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo. Gcina umhlaba ufumile rhoqo, ngakumbi ngexesha lonyaka ukutyeba nokutyeba yentloko, ukuphepha uxinzelelo lwamanzi kunye neengxaki zomzimba. I-Organic mulch (umququ, amagqabi akhutshiweyo) inceda ukuzinzisa ukufuma kunye nobushushu.
Umbhalisi
Ngaphambi kokutyala, faka emhlabeni umgquba ovuthiweyo ukufaka isandla izinto eziphilayo. Ngexesha lokulima, ziphephe initrogen engaphezulu: Isichumiso esityebe kakhulu kwi-N sikhuthaza ukukhula kwamagqabi ngokugqithisileyo, kunokwenzeka iithowuni ezibomvu kunye neentloko ezixineneyo ezincinci. Ukubeka phambili ukuchumisa okulinganayo kunye nonikezelo olulungileyo lwe potaziyamu (K), isitshixo kwi ukubunjwa kwentlokoEmva kokutshintshwa, unako sasaza umgquba ujikeleze unyawo kwaye ugqume nge i-mulch yomququ, umkhwa othi, ngaphezu kokugcina ukufuma, unceda ukubonelela ngokuthe ngcembe i-K.
Iingcebiso ezisebenzayo: yenza a ukunxiba phezulu nge-compost okanye isichumiso esilungelelanisiweyo esiphakathi komjikelo. Ukuba umhlaba wakho uphantsi Boro y calcio, qwalasela uphuculo oluthile, ekubeni ukusilela kunokubangela amabala angaphakathi kunye neengxaki zentloko (i-discoloration, i-curd emdaka, kunye ne-unstructure). Kwimihlaba yekalika, i igalelo lezinto eziphilayo kuphucula ukufumaneka kwe-micronutrients.
Ulawulo lwezityalo kunye nokhathalelo
Lula rhoqo ukunciphisa ukhuphiswano lwamanzi nezondlo. Kuphephe ukulima kakhulu kufutshane nesikhondo ukunqanda ukonakalisa iingcambu. Kwiiveki ezininzi, jonga ukukhula kwentloko: isityalo esisempilweni esinolungelelwano oluhle lwamanzi senza a i-inflorescence eshinyeneyo kwaye ichazwe kakuhle. Kwiimozulu ezishushu, faka i-shading mesh ngexesha amaza obushushu ukuthintela ukutshisa emaphethelweni amagqabi. Akuyimfuneko ukuba "i-blanch" intloko njengoko kwenziwa ngezinye iikholifulawa, kuba i-Romanesco iboniswa green yobume bendalo.
4. Izinambuzane kunye nezifo zeRomanesco
Njengezinye izityalo kusapho, iRomanesco inokuchaphazeleka izibetho nezifo. Chonga ngexesha kwaye wenze kunye iindlela zendalo ngundoqo.
Iimopane kumagqabi eRomanesco
Iimopane ze amabhabhathane kunye namanundu (umzekelo, UPieris spp. nokuba spodoptera) yiqwenge iblade yegqabi ngokukhawuleza. Kuyacetyiswa jonga umzantsi wamagqabi kunye namahlumela amancinci. Kulawulo lwendalo, sebenzisa Bacillus thuringiensis Nantsi lapho. kurstaki kwimiqondiso yokuqala, kwaye womeleze ngayo iminatha yezinambuzane ezithintela ukubeka.
Impukane emhlophe
La Impukane emhlophe Sisityalo segadi yakudala. Ifakwe kwi ngaphantsi kwaye ifunxa incindi, yenza buthathaka isityalo kunye nokukhupha umbethe okhuthazayo ngesibindi. indawo imigibe chromatic yellow, kwandisa biodiversity kokusingqongileyo ukuthanda iintshaba zendalo kwaye, ukuba uxinzelelo luphezulu, sebenzisa isepha ye potassium o ioyile yemem ngokulandela imiyalelo yomenzi.
Romanesco aphids: waxy aphid
El i-aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae) iqhelekile kwibrassicas. Yenza iikoloni kunye nenkangeleko imhlophe kwaye incangathi. Ukongeza ekuphatheni nge isepha ye potassium kunye neem, ukusetyenziswa kwe izilwanyana ezincedisayo (i-ladybugs, i-lacewings) kunye nokususwa kwezandla ekuqhambukeni kokuqala kunceda ukuba bangabikho. Iyanqanda initrogen engaphezulu, oko kukholekileyo kuye.
Imigibe kunye ne-slugs
Bashiya ukulunywa ngokungaqhelekanga kunye nemikhondo ye cinezela. indawo imigibe yebhiya, izithintelo ezibonakalayo (ubhedu, uthuthu oluhlaziywa emva kwemvula) kwaye lususe iindawo zokuhlala ezimanzi kufutshane nesityalo. I-mulching iyanceda, kodwa ukuba kukho uxinzelelo oluphezulu, yibuyisele iimulchi ezomileyo kwaye ilawula ukufuma.
Amabala emacaleni amagqabi
Las amabala okanye ukutsha emiphethweni idla ngokuba ngenxa ubushushu obuninzi okanye umoya owomileyo. Iphucula i ukwenza umbala, lungisa ukunkcenkceshela ukugcina umswakama ozinzile kwaye ugweme ukuchumisa okunzima okubangela izicubu zethenda ngamaxesha anzima. Kwakhona khangela ukunqongophala kwe-calcium okanye i-boron, nto leyo enokuyenza mandundu le ngxaki.
Izifo eziqhelekileyo
Phakathi kwezifo, eyona nto iphawulekayo hernia yekhaphetshu (Plasmodiophora brassicae), egrulisa iingcambu ize ibole; inqanda nge ukujikeleza okude, i-pH isondele kwi-7 kunye neqela elinempilo. Ezinye izinto ezinokwenzeka umngundo, enye indawo y ukubola okumnyama (Xanthomonas). Iyaqinisekisa umjelo olungileyo, inqanda ukumanzisa kakhulu amagqabi kwaye iyakhuthaza umoya ongenisa umoya phakathi kwezityalo.
5. Kuvunwa nini iRomanesco?
La ukuvuna es ngezandla xa i-inflorescence ifikelele kuyo ubukhulu obukhulu kwaye ihleli icwecwe. Musa ukulinda ukuba iinkozo zivuleke, kuba umgangatho wehla ngokuphawulekayo. Njengesikhokelo, iintlobo zomjikelo omfutshane okanye ophakathi (umz. Arizona, Fremont, Asterix, Durlan) zidla ngokulunga phakathi Iintsuku ezingama-90 kunye ne-150 emva kokutshintshwa, Ngelixa iintlobo zomjikelo omde (ezifana noFargo, Durlan okanye Mariné) zinokufuna Iintsuku ezingama-150-200Imozulu, umhlaba, nolawulo lunokuwukhawulezisa okanye luwuthobe umjikelo.
Ukusika, sebenzisa a iblade ecocekileyo kwaye ibukhali, kwaye ishiya amagqabi athile akhuselayo entloko ukugcina ubutsha. Emva kokuvuna, iRomanesco igcinwa iintsuku ezininzi ifriji (malunga ne-0-4 ° C), ngokukhethekileyo kwiingxowa eziphefumulayo. Kuphephe ukuhlamba phambi kokugcinwa; coca kwangoko phambi kokusetyenziswa.
Emva kokusika, ngokungafaniyo ne-broccoli, i-Romanesco ayifane ikhuphe ukudubula ecaleni umdla culinary. Ukuba zivela, ziya kuba zincinci; unokuthatha inzuzo kubo, kodwa iqhelekile susa isityalo kwaye uyisebenzise ukwenza umgquba, ngakumbi ukuba ukujikeleza kufuna ukukhulula ibhedi.
Esi sityalo siyafana nezinye esele sizigubungele kwibhlog. Ke ngoko, sabelana ngamanqaku anxulumeneyo kwabo bafuna ukuphengulula nzulu kwi-brassicas kunye nezityalo zemozulu epholileyo.
Yintoni iRomanescu okanye iRomanesco?
El Romanescu okanye Romanesco Ingokwentsapho yaseBrassicaceae kwaye i Iindidi zeCauliflower yaseNtaliyaneAyikaziwa kakhulu eSpain, kodwa kancinci kancinci iqala ukulinywa ngakumbi ngenxa yazo zonke iimpawu eziluncedo kunye neepropathi zeRomanesco. intloko eluhlaza pyramidal Yenziwa ngu ukungafumaneki ephela kwimilo eyiconical, eyinika inkangeleko yayo ecacileyo.
Iipropati zeRomanesco
IRomanesco yaziwa kakhulu ngazo zonke iipropathi enazo. Ezinye zezi iipropathi apho iRomanesco inokusinika khona Zizo:
- Kuzo zonke iindidi zecauliflower, yeyona inezona zininzi Vitamin C.
- Ityebile i-potassium, i-phosphorus, i-folic acid kunye ne-carotenoids.
- I-Romanesco ngumthombo olungileyo we ifayibha.
- Ukongeza, iye kakhulu iikhalori eziphantsi.
Indlela yokupheka iRomanesco?
Le mifuno ingatyiwa ikrwada okanye iphekiweKwaye unokulungiselela ezininzi izitya ezimnandi. Umzekelo: Romanesco kunye béchamel kunye ham, Romanesco kunye namazambane kunye neeoli, Romanesco kunye pine nuts, Romanesco kunye netumata…Le nayo inkulu kuphekwe Romanesco kunye neoli yeoli. Ukongezelela, abanye abantu bayawatya I-Romanesco ishiya.
I-Fractals kwindalo: Ijometri yefractal ye-Romanescu
Ezi pyramid zincinci ziluhlaza ezenza i Romanesco inflorescences landela i Fibonacci seriesOko kukuthi, bahlala bephinda imilo efanayo kwizikali ezahlukeneyo. Singasebenzisa iglasi yokukhulisa ukuqinisekisa oku. Ukongeza kwi-Romanesco, lo mthetho wendalo ubonwa nakwiintyatyambo ze-artichokes, i-sunflowers, i-conifer cones, kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwamagqabi kwiziqu zezityalo.
Siyayishiya imathematika… kwaye sibuyela kwingcebiso malunga Ukhula njani iRomanesco inyathelo ngenyathelo.
Isikhokelo esipheleleyo sokukhulisa iRomanescu organically
Sele siyichazile into yokuba ayisiso esinye sezona zityalo zaziwayo kwilizwe lethu, kodwa siya sikhula kancinci kancinci. Masiyijonge ngezantsi. Inyathelo ngenyathelo indlela yokukhulisa iRomanesco kwiigadi zethu ze fumana ezona ziphumo zibalaseleyoAsimele silibale ukuba uhlobo ngalunye luya kufuna ukhathalelo olukhethekileyo kwaye kufuneka sisoloko beka phambili iintlobo zengingqiSiza kuqala ngokuhlwayela, ukutshintshwa, kunye nemisebenzi efunekayo yokulima, emva koko siqhubeke nomlo ochasene nezinambuzane kunye nezifo kunye nezitshixo zokuvuna iRomanesco.
1. Ukuhlwayela iRomanesco
Into yokuqala ekufuneka siyenzile kukutyala Imbewu yeRomanesco kwiibhedi zembewu. Ungasebenzisa iitreyi ze-alveolar eziyi-4 x 4 yeesentimitha. Kwezi itreyi, beka Iimbewu ezi-2 kumngxuma ngamnye; ukuba zombini iimbewu ziphuma phambili, yishenxise leyo ibuthathaka. ubunzulu ifanelekile ye 1 cm kwaye kuyacetyiswa ukuba usasaze umaleko omncinci we vermiculite ngaphezulu kwe-substrate ukwenza njenge yokwambathisa obushushu kwaye uzinzise ukufuma.
La umhla wokuhlwayela Kuxhomekeke kwindawo esikuyo. Isikhokelo esiqhelekileyo kwimozulu epholileyo kukuhlwayela phakathi Intwasahlobo nehlobo (abalimi abaninzi benza oku phakathi ngoMeyi nangoSeptemba), nangona kwezinye iindawo kukhethwa NgoJulayi nango-Agasti izakuvunwa ekwindla-ebusika. Kuphephe ukudibana yenziwe ukusuka entloko ngamaza obushushu.
2. Ukutyala nini iRomanesco?
Kanye wethu Imbewu yeRomanesco ziphume phambili, ixesha lokuba zifuduselwe kumhlaba wegadi Kuya kuba xa bephakathi 3-5 amagqabi okwenyaniso kunye nebhola yeengcambu ezihambelanayo, ngokuqhelekileyo malunga nenyanga emva kokuhlwayela. Yenza a umngxuma ubukhulu beengcambuBeka isityalo ebhodweni kwaye ucinezele ngobunono umhlaba ukuqinisekisa ukudibana kweengcambu. Nkcenkceshela ngokucokisekileyo emva kokutshintshwa ukuze uhlale umhlaba kwaye unciphise uxinzelelo lwamanzi.
Indawo: al Romanescu uyalithanda ilangakodwa ayibunyamezeli kakuhle ubushushu obugqithisileyoEhlotyeni kakhulu kuyacetyiswa ukuba utyale kwindawo ene umthunzi okhanyayo ngezona yure zinzima okanye ukusetyenziswa i-shading mesh 30-40% ukuphepha ukutshisa kunye noxinzelelo. amaqondo obushushu aphakathi ndithanda ukusekwa kwe iintloko ezixineneyo.
Umhlaba: ukhetha imihlaba ukukhanya okanye ukuthetha ngokuphandle, ikhululekile kwaye isityebi kwi-humusnge umjelo olungileyo. Umhlaba onamanzi amaninzi ubeka phambili kwizifo zeengcambu. I-pH efanelekileyo iphakathi 6,2 kunye ne7,2Ukuba umhlaba uneasidi, a ilungiswe ngekalika okanye iinyanga ze-calcium carbonate ngaphambi kokuba ukulima kunokulinganisa. Iyabonelela umgquba ovuthiweyo okanye umgquba obole kakuhle ukuphucula ubume kunye nokuchuma.
Isakhelo sokutyala: yeka I-40 ukuya kwi-60 cm phakathi kwezityalo kunye I-60 ukuya kwi-80 cm phakathi kwemigca, kuxhomekeke kukuqina kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nokuchuma komhlaba. Kwiigadi ezinzulu ezinemihlaba echume kakhulu, isakhelo se 40-50 cm phakathi kwezityalo idla ngokwaneleyo. Ukutyala ngokuxinana kakhulu kunokunciphisa ubukhulu bentloko kwaye kwandise izehlo zezinambuzane.
Isitiya esenziwe ngembiza: kunokwenzeka ukuba ukhule i-romanescu ngaphakathi izitya. Khetha iimbiza ze Iilitha ezi-20-30 umgangatho ngamnye, nge imingxuma yokukhupha amanzi kunye ne-substrate esemgangathweni (umxube we-coconut fiber, i-compost, kunye ne-perlite ethile). Beka imbiza kwindawo ene ilanga lasekuseni kunye nomthunzi okhanyayo ngexesha lokufudumala. Gcoba umphezulu nge umququ ukugcina ukufuma kunye nokunciphisa ukuguquguquka kwe-thermal.
3. Imisebenzi eyimfuneko yokuhlakulela i-romanescu
Ukunkcenkceshela Romanesco
IRomanescu iyayixabisa a ukufuma rhoqo emhlabeni ngaphandle kokufikelela kwi-puddles. I ukunkcenkceshela Yeyona ndlela isebenzayo, ene-2-4 l/h drippers elungelelaniswe kwimozulu yakho kunye nokuthungwa komhlaba. Kwimihlaba eyisanti, kuya kufuneka unkcenkceshele rhoqo; kwimihlaba eludongwe, vula indawo yokunkcenkceshela kodwa uphephe ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo. Gcina umhlaba ufumile rhoqo, ngakumbi ngexesha lonyaka ukutyeba nokutyeba yentloko, ukuphepha uxinzelelo lwamanzi kunye neengxaki zomzimba. I-Organic mulch (umququ, amagqabi akhutshiweyo) inceda ukuzinzisa ukufuma kunye nobushushu.
Umbhalisi
Ngaphambi kokutyala, faka emhlabeni umgquba ovuthiweyo ukufaka isandla izinto eziphilayo. Ngexesha lokulima, ziphephe initrogen engaphezulu: Isichumiso esityebe kakhulu kwi-N sikhuthaza ukukhula kwamagqabi ngokugqithisileyo, kunokwenzeka iithowuni ezibomvu kunye neentloko ezixineneyo ezincinci. Ukubeka phambili ukuchumisa okulinganayo kunye nonikezelo olulungileyo lwe potaziyamu (K), isitshixo kwi ukubunjwa kwentlokoEmva kokutshintshwa, unako sasaza umgquba ujikeleze unyawo kwaye ugqume nge i-mulch yomququ, umkhwa othi, ngaphezu kokugcina ukufuma, unceda ukubonelela ngokuthe ngcembe i-K.
Iingcebiso ezisebenzayo: yenza a ukunxiba phezulu nge-compost okanye isichumiso esilungelelanisiweyo esiphakathi komjikelo. Ukuba umhlaba wakho uphantsi Boro y calcio, qwalasela uphuculo oluthile, ekubeni ukusilela kunokubangela amabala angaphakathi kunye neengxaki zentloko (i-discoloration, i-curd emdaka, kunye ne-unstructure). Kwimihlaba yekalika, i igalelo lezinto eziphilayo kuphucula ukufumaneka kwe-micronutrients.
Ulawulo lwezityalo kunye nokhathalelo
Lula rhoqo ukunciphisa ukhuphiswano lwamanzi nezondlo. Kuphephe ukulima kakhulu kufutshane nesikhondo ukunqanda ukonakalisa iingcambu. Kwiiveki ezininzi, jonga ukukhula kwentloko: isityalo esisempilweni esinolungelelwano oluhle lwamanzi senza a i-inflorescence eshinyeneyo kwaye ichazwe kakuhle. Kwiimozulu ezishushu, faka i-shading mesh ngexesha amaza obushushu ukuthintela ukutshisa emaphethelweni amagqabi. Akuyimfuneko ukuba "i-blanch" intloko njengoko kwenziwa ngezinye iikholifulawa, kuba i-Romanesco iboniswa green yobume bendalo.
4. Izinambuzane kunye nezifo zeRomanesco
Njengezinye izityalo kusapho, iRomanesco inokuchaphazeleka izibetho nezifo. Chonga ngexesha kwaye wenze kunye iindlela zendalo ngundoqo.
Iimopane kumagqabi eRomanesco
Iimopane ze amabhabhathane kunye namanundu (umzekelo, UPieris spp. nokuba spodoptera) yiqwenge iblade yegqabi ngokukhawuleza. Kuyacetyiswa jonga umzantsi wamagqabi kunye namahlumela amancinci. Kulawulo lwendalo, sebenzisa Bacillus thuringiensis Nantsi lapho. kurstaki kwimiqondiso yokuqala, kwaye womeleze ngayo iminatha yezinambuzane ezithintela ukubeka.
Impukane emhlophe
La Impukane emhlophe Sisityalo segadi yakudala. Ifakwe kwi ngaphantsi kwaye ifunxa incindi, yenza buthathaka isityalo kunye nokukhupha umbethe okhuthazayo ngesibindi. indawo imigibe chromatic yellow, kwandisa biodiversity kokusingqongileyo ukuthanda iintshaba zendalo kwaye, ukuba uxinzelelo luphezulu, sebenzisa isepha ye potassium o ioyile yemem ngokulandela imiyalelo yomenzi.
Romanesco aphids: waxy aphid
El i-aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae) iqhelekile kwibrassicas. Yenza iikoloni kunye nenkangeleko imhlophe kwaye incangathi. Ukongeza ekuphatheni nge isepha ye potassium kunye neem, ukusetyenziswa kwe izilwanyana ezincedisayo (i-ladybugs, i-lacewings) kunye nokususwa kwezandla ekuqhambukeni kokuqala kunceda ukuba bangabikho. Iyanqanda initrogen engaphezulu, oko kukholekileyo kuye.
Imigibe kunye ne-slugs
Bashiya ukulunywa ngokungaqhelekanga kunye nemikhondo ye cinezela. indawo imigibe yebhiya, izithintelo ezibonakalayo (ubhedu, uthuthu oluhlaziywa emva kwemvula) kwaye lususe iindawo zokuhlala ezimanzi kufutshane nesityalo. I-mulching iyanceda, kodwa ukuba kukho uxinzelelo oluphezulu, yibuyisele iimulchi ezomileyo kwaye ilawula ukufuma.
Amabala emacaleni amagqabi
Las amabala okanye ukutsha emiphethweni idla ngokuba ngenxa ubushushu obuninzi okanye umoya owomileyo. Iphucula i ukwenza umbala, lungisa ukunkcenkceshela ukugcina umswakama ozinzile kwaye ugweme ukuchumisa okunzima okubangela izicubu zethenda ngamaxesha anzima. Kwakhona khangela ukunqongophala kwe-calcium okanye i-boron, nto leyo enokuyenza mandundu le ngxaki.
Izifo eziqhelekileyo
Phakathi kwezifo, eyona nto iphawulekayo hernia yekhaphetshu (Plasmodiophora brassicae), egrulisa iingcambu ize ibole; inqanda nge ukujikeleza okude, i-pH isondele kwi-7 kunye neqela elinempilo. Ezinye izinto ezinokwenzeka umngundo, enye indawo y ukubola okumnyama (Xanthomonas). Iyaqinisekisa umjelo olungileyo, inqanda ukumanzisa kakhulu amagqabi kwaye iyakhuthaza umoya ongenisa umoya phakathi kwezityalo.
5. Kuvunwa nini iRomanesco?
La ukuvuna es ngezandla xa i-inflorescence ifikelele kuyo ubukhulu obukhulu kwaye ihleli icwecwe. Musa ukulinda ukuba iinkozo zivuleke, kuba umgangatho wehla ngokuphawulekayo. Njengesikhokelo, iintlobo zomjikelo omfutshane okanye ophakathi (umz. Arizona, Fremont, Asterix, Durlan) zidla ngokulunga phakathi Iintsuku ezingama-90 kunye ne-150 emva kokutshintshwa, Ngelixa iintlobo zomjikelo omde (ezifana noFargo, Durlan okanye Mariné) zinokufuna Iintsuku ezingama-150-200Imozulu, umhlaba, nolawulo lunokuwukhawulezisa okanye luwuthobe umjikelo.
Ukusika, sebenzisa a iblade ecocekileyo kwaye ibukhali, kwaye ishiya amagqabi athile akhuselayo entloko ukugcina ubutsha. Emva kokuvuna, iRomanesco igcinwa iintsuku ezininzi ifriji (malunga ne-0-4 ° C), ngokukhethekileyo kwiingxowa eziphefumulayo. Kuphephe ukuhlamba phambi kokugcinwa; coca kwangoko phambi kokusetyenziswa.
Emva kokusika, ngokungafaniyo ne-broccoli, i-Romanesco ayifane ikhuphe ukudubula ecaleni umdla culinary. Ukuba zivela, ziya kuba zincinci; unokuthatha inzuzo kubo, kodwa iqhelekile susa isityalo kwaye uyisebenzise ukwenza umgquba, ngakumbi ukuba ukujikeleza kufuna ukukhulula ibhedi.
Esi sityalo siyafana nezinye esele sizigubungele kwibhlog. Ke ngoko, sabelana ngamanqaku anxulumeneyo kwabo bafuna ukuphengulula nzulu kwi-brassicas kunye nezityalo zemozulu epholileyo.
Yintoni iRomanescu okanye iRomanesco?
El Romanescu okanye Romanesco Ingokwentsapho yaseBrassicaceae kwaye i Iindidi zeCauliflower yaseNtaliyaneAyikaziwa kakhulu eSpain, kodwa kancinci kancinci iqala ukulinywa ngakumbi ngenxa yazo zonke iimpawu eziluncedo kunye neepropathi zeRomanesco. intloko eluhlaza pyramidal Yenziwa ngu ukungafumaneki ephela kwimilo eyiconical, eyinika inkangeleko yayo ecacileyo.
Iipropati zeRomanesco
IRomanesco yaziwa kakhulu ngazo zonke iipropathi enazo. Ezinye zezi iipropathi apho iRomanesco inokusinika khona Zizo:
- Kuzo zonke iindidi zecauliflower, yeyona inezona zininzi Vitamin C.
- Ityebile i-potassium, i-phosphorus, i-folic acid kunye ne-carotenoids.
- I-Romanesco ngumthombo olungileyo we ifayibha.
- Ukongeza, iye kakhulu iikhalori eziphantsi.
Indlela yokupheka iRomanesco?
Le mifuno ingatyiwa ikrwada okanye iphekiweKwaye unokulungiselela ezininzi izitya ezimnandi. Umzekelo: Romanesco kunye béchamel kunye ham, Romanesco kunye namazambane kunye neeoli, Romanesco kunye pine nuts, Romanesco kunye netumata…Le nayo inkulu kuphekwe Romanesco kunye neoli yeoli. Ukongezelela, abanye abantu bayawatya I-Romanesco ishiya.
I-Fractals kwindalo: Ijometri yefractal ye-Romanescu
Ezi pyramid zincinci ziluhlaza ezenza i Romanesco inflorescences landela i Fibonacci seriesOko kukuthi, bahlala bephinda imilo efanayo kwizikali ezahlukeneyo. Singasebenzisa iglasi yokukhulisa ukuqinisekisa oku. Ukongeza kwi-Romanesco, lo mthetho wendalo ubonwa nakwiintyatyambo ze-artichokes, i-sunflowers, i-conifer cones, kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwamagqabi kwiziqu zezityalo.
Siyayishiya imathematika… kwaye sibuyela kwingcebiso malunga Ukhula njani iRomanesco inyathelo ngenyathelo.
Isikhokelo esipheleleyo sokukhulisa iRomanescu organically
Sele siyichazile into yokuba ayisiso esinye sezona zityalo zaziwayo kwilizwe lethu, kodwa siya sikhula kancinci kancinci. Masiyijonge ngezantsi. Inyathelo ngenyathelo indlela yokukhulisa iRomanesco kwiigadi zethu ze fumana ezona ziphumo zibalaseleyoAsimele silibale ukuba uhlobo ngalunye luya kufuna ukhathalelo olukhethekileyo kwaye kufuneka sisoloko beka phambili iintlobo zengingqiSiza kuqala ngokuhlwayela, ukutshintshwa, kunye nemisebenzi efunekayo yokulima, emva koko siqhubeke nomlo ochasene nezinambuzane kunye nezifo kunye nezitshixo zokuvuna iRomanesco.
1. Ukuhlwayela iRomanesco
Into yokuqala ekufuneka siyenzile kukutyala Imbewu yeRomanesco kwiibhedi zembewu. Ungasebenzisa iitreyi ze-alveolar eziyi-4 x 4 yeesentimitha. Kwezi itreyi, beka Iimbewu ezi-2 kumngxuma ngamnye; ukuba zombini ziphuma phambili. phelisa ezona zibuthathaka. la ubunzulu ifanelekile ye 1 cm kwaye kuyacetyiswa ukuba usasaze umaleko omncinci we vermiculite ngaphezulu kwe-substrate ukwenza njenge yokwambathisa obushushu kwaye uzinzise ukufuma.
La umhla wokuhlwayela Kuxhomekeke kwindawo esikuyo. Isikhokelo esiqhelekileyo kwimozulu epholileyo kukuhlwayela phakathi Intwasahlobo nehlobo (abalimi abaninzi benza oku phakathi ngoMeyi nangoSeptemba), nangona kwezinye iindawo kukhethwa NgoJulayi nango-Agasti izakuvunwa ekwindla-ebusika. Kuphephe ukudibana yenziwe ukusuka entloko ngamaza obushushu.
2. Ukutyala nini iRomanesco?
Kanye wethu Imbewu yeRomanesco ziphume phambili, ixesha lokuba zifuduselwe kumhlaba wegadi Kuya kuba xa bephakathi 3-5 amagqabi okwenyaniso kunye nebhola yeengcambu ezihambelanayo, ngokuqhelekileyo malunga nenyanga emva kokuhlwayela. Yenza a umngxuma ubukhulu beengcambuBeka isityalo ebhodweni kwaye ucinezele ngobunono umhlaba ukuqinisekisa ukudibana kweengcambu. Nkcenkceshela ngokucokisekileyo emva kokutshintshwa ukuze uhlale umhlaba kwaye unciphise uxinzelelo lwamanzi.
Indawo: al Romanescu uyalithanda ilangakodwa ayibunyamezeli kakuhle ubushushu obugqithisileyoEhlotyeni kakhulu kuyacetyiswa ukuba utyale kwindawo ene umthunzi okhanyayo ngezona yure zinzima okanye ukusetyenziswa i-shading mesh 30-40% ukuphepha ukutshisa kunye noxinzelelo. amaqondo obushushu aphakathi ndithanda ukusekwa kwe iintloko ezixineneyo.
Umhlaba: ukhetha imihlaba ukukhanya okanye ukuthetha ngokuphandle, ikhululekile kwaye isityebi kwi-humusnge umjelo olungileyo. Umhlaba onamanzi amaninzi ubeka phambili kwizifo zeengcambu. I-pH efanelekileyo iphakathi 6,2 kunye ne7,2Ukuba umhlaba uneasidi, a ilungiswe ngekalika okanye iinyanga ze-calcium carbonate ngaphambi kokuba ukulima kunokulinganisa. Iyabonelela umgquba ovuthiweyo okanye umgquba obole kakuhle ukuphucula ubume kunye nokuchuma.
Isakhelo sokutyala: yeka I-40 ukuya kwi-60 cm phakathi kwezityalo kunye I-60 ukuya kwi-80 cm phakathi kwemigca, kuxhomekeke kukuqina kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nokuchuma komhlaba. Kwiigadi ezinzulu ezinemihlaba echume kakhulu, isakhelo se 40-50 cm phakathi kwezityalo idla ngokwaneleyo. Ukutyala ngokuxinana kakhulu kunokunciphisa ubukhulu bentloko kwaye kwandise izehlo zezinambuzane.
Isitiya esenziwe ngembiza: kunokwenzeka ukuba ukhule i-romanescu ngaphakathi izitya. Khetha iimbiza ze Iilitha ezi-20-30 umgangatho ngamnye, nge imingxuma yokukhupha amanzi kunye ne-substrate esemgangathweni (umxube we-coconut fiber, i-compost, kunye ne-perlite ethile). Beka imbiza kwindawo ene ilanga lasekuseni kunye nomthunzi okhanyayo ngexesha lokufudumala. Gcoba umphezulu nge umququ ukugcina ukufuma kunye nokunciphisa ukuguquguquka kwe-thermal.
3. Imisebenzi eyimfuneko yokuhlakulela i-romanescu
Ukunkcenkceshela Romanesco
IRomanescu iyayixabisa a ukufuma rhoqo emhlabeni ngaphandle kokufikelela kwi-puddles. I ukunkcenkceshela Yeyona ndlela isebenzayo, ene-2-4 l/h drippers elungelelaniswe kwimozulu yakho kunye nokuthungwa komhlaba. Kwimihlaba eyisanti, kuya kufuneka unkcenkceshele rhoqo; kwimihlaba eludongwe, vula indawo yokunkcenkceshela kodwa uphephe ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo. Gcina umhlaba ufumile rhoqo, ngakumbi ngexesha lonyaka ukutyeba nokutyeba yentloko, ukuphepha uxinzelelo lwamanzi kunye neengxaki zomzimba. I-Organic mulch (umququ, amagqabi akhutshiweyo) inceda ukuzinzisa ukufuma kunye nobushushu.
Umbhalisi
Ngaphambi kokutyala, faka emhlabeni umgquba ovuthiweyo ukufaka isandla izinto eziphilayo. Ngexesha lokulima, ziphephe initrogen engaphezulu: Isichumiso esityebe kakhulu kwi-N sikhuthaza ukukhula kwamagqabi ngokugqithisileyo, kunokwenzeka iithowuni ezibomvu kunye neentloko ezixineneyo ezincinci. Ukubeka phambili ukuchumisa okulinganayo kunye nonikezelo olulungileyo lwe potaziyamu (K), isitshixo kwi ukubunjwa kwentlokoEmva kokutshintshwa, unako sasaza umgquba ujikeleze unyawo kwaye ugqume nge i-mulch yomququ, umkhwa othi, ngaphezu kokugcina ukufuma, unceda ukubonelela ngokuthe ngcembe i-K.
Iingcebiso ezisebenzayo: yenza a ukunxiba phezulu nge-compost okanye isichumiso esilungelelanisiweyo esiphakathi komjikelo. Ukuba umhlaba wakho uphantsi Boro y calcio, qwalasela uphuculo oluthile, ekubeni ukusilela kunokubangela amabala angaphakathi kunye neengxaki zentloko (i-discoloration, i-curd emdaka, kunye ne-unstructure). Kwimihlaba yekalika, i igalelo lezinto eziphilayo kuphucula ukufumaneka kwe-micronutrients.
Ulawulo lwezityalo kunye nokhathalelo
Lula rhoqo ukunciphisa ukhuphiswano lwamanzi nezondlo. Kuphephe ukulima kakhulu kufutshane nesikhondo ukunqanda ukonakalisa iingcambu. Kwiiveki ezininzi, jonga ukukhula kwentloko: isityalo esisempilweni esinolungelelwano oluhle lwamanzi senza a i-inflorescence eshinyeneyo kwaye ichazwe kakuhle. Kwiimozulu ezishushu, faka i-shading mesh ngexesha amaza obushushu ukuthintela ukutshisa emaphethelweni amagqabi. Akuyimfuneko ukuba "i-blanch" intloko njengoko kwenziwa ngezinye iikholifulawa, kuba i-Romanesco iboniswa green yobume bendalo.
4. Izinambuzane kunye nezifo zeRomanesco
Njengezinye izityalo kusapho, iRomanesco inokuchaphazeleka izibetho nezifo. Chonga ngexesha kwaye wenze kunye iindlela zendalo ngundoqo.
Iimopane kumagqabi eRomanesco
Iimopane ze amabhabhathane kunye namanundu (umzekelo, UPieris spp. nokuba spodoptera) yiqwenge iblade yegqabi ngokukhawuleza. Kuyacetyiswa jonga umzantsi wamagqabi kunye namahlumela amancinci. Kulawulo lwendalo, sebenzisa Bacillus thuringiensis Nantsi lapho. kurstaki kwimiqondiso yokuqala, kwaye womeleze ngayo iminatha yezinambuzane ezithintela ukubeka.
Impukane emhlophe
La Impukane emhlophe Sisityalo segadi yakudala. Ifakwe kwi ngaphantsi kwaye ifunxa incindi, yenza buthathaka isityalo kunye nokukhupha umbethe okhuthazayo ngesibindi. indawo imigibe chromatic yellow, kwandisa biodiversity kokusingqongileyo ukuthanda iintshaba zendalo kwaye, ukuba uxinzelelo luphezulu, sebenzisa isepha ye potassium o ioyile yemem ngokulandela imiyalelo yomenzi.
Romanesco aphids: waxy aphid
El i-aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae) iqhelekile kwibrassicas. Yenza iikoloni kunye nenkangeleko imhlophe kwaye incangathi. Ukongeza ekuphatheni nge isepha ye potassium kunye neem, ukusetyenziswa kwe izilwanyana ezincedisayo (i-ladybugs, i-lacewings) kunye nokususwa kwezandla ekuqhambukeni kokuqala kunceda ukuba bangabikho. Iyanqanda initrogen engaphezulu, oko kukholekileyo kuye.
Imigibe kunye ne-slugs
Bashiya ukulunywa ngokungaqhelekanga kunye nemikhondo ye cinezela. indawo imigibe yebhiya, izithintelo ezibonakalayo (ubhedu, uthuthu oluhlaziywa emva kwemvula) kwaye lususe iindawo zokuhlala ezimanzi kufutshane nesityalo. I-mulching iyanceda, kodwa ukuba kukho uxinzelelo oluphezulu, yibuyisele iimulchi ezomileyo kwaye ilawula ukufuma.
Amabala emacaleni amagqabi
Las amabala okanye ukutsha emiphethweni idla ngokuba ngenxa ubushushu obuninzi okanye umoya owomileyo. Iphucula i ukwenza umbala, lungisa ukunkcenkceshela ukugcina umswakama ozinzile kwaye ugweme ukuchumisa okunzima okubangela izicubu zethenda ngamaxesha anzima. Kwakhona khangela ukunqongophala kwe-calcium okanye i-boron, nto leyo enokuyenza mandundu le ngxaki.
Izifo eziqhelekileyo
Phakathi kwezifo, eyona nto iphawulekayo hernia yekhaphetshu (Plasmodiophora brassicae), egrulisa iingcambu ize ibole; inqanda nge ukujikeleza okude, i-pH isondele kwi-7 kunye neqela elinempilo. Ezinye izinto ezinokwenzeka umngundo, enye indawo y ukubola okumnyama (Xanthomonas). Iyaqinisekisa umjelo olungileyo, inqanda ukumanzisa kakhulu amagqabi kwaye iyakhuthaza umoya ongenisa umoya phakathi kwezityalo.
5. Kuvunwa nini iRomanesco?
La ukuvuna es ngezandla xa i-inflorescence ifikelele kuyo ubukhulu obukhulu kwaye ihleli icwecwe. Musa ukulinda ukuba iinkozo zivuleke, kuba umgangatho wehla ngokuphawulekayo. Njengesikhokelo, iintlobo zomjikelo omfutshane okanye ophakathi (umz. Arizona, Fremont, Asterix, Durlan) zidla ngokulunga phakathi Iintsuku ezingama-90 kunye ne-150 emva kokutshintshwa, Ngelixa iintlobo zomjikelo omde (ezifana noFargo, Durlan okanye Mariné) zinokufuna Iintsuku ezingama-150-200Imozulu, umhlaba, nolawulo lunokuwukhawulezisa okanye luwuthobe umjikelo.
Ukusika, sebenzisa a iblade ecocekileyo kwaye ibukhali, kwaye ishiya amagqabi athile akhuselayo entloko ukugcina ubutsha. Emva kokuvuna, iRomanesco igcinwa iintsuku ezininzi ifriji (malunga ne-0-4 ° C), ngokukhethekileyo kwiingxowa eziphefumulayo. Kuphephe ukuhlamba phambi kokugcinwa; coca kwangoko phambi kokusetyenziswa.
Emva kokusika, ngokungafaniyo ne-broccoli, i-Romanesco ayifane ikhuphe ukudubula ecaleni umdla culinary. Ukuba zivela, ziya kuba zincinci; unokuthatha inzuzo kubo, kodwa iqhelekile susa isityalo kwaye uyisebenzise ukwenza umgquba, ngakumbi ukuba ukujikeleza kufuna ukukhulula ibhedi.
Esi sityalo siyafana nezinye esele sizigubungele kwibhlog. Ke ngoko, sabelana ngamanqaku anxulumeneyo kwabo bafuna ukuphengulula nzulu kwi-brassicas kunye nezityalo zemozulu epholileyo.
Yintoni iRomanescu okanye iRomanesco?
El Romanescu okanye Romanesco Ingokwentsapho yaseBrassicaceae kwaye i Iindidi zeCauliflower yaseNtaliyaneAyikaziwa kakhulu eSpain, kodwa kancinci kancinci iqala ukulinywa ngakumbi ngenxa yazo zonke iimpawu eziluncedo kunye neepropathi zeRomanesco. intloko eluhlaza pyramidal Yenziwa ngu ukungafumaneki ephela kwimilo eyiconical, eyinika inkangeleko yayo ecacileyo.
Iipropati zeRomanesco
IRomanesco yaziwa kakhulu ngazo zonke iipropathi enazo. Ezinye zezi iipropathi apho iRomanesco inokusinika khona Zizo:
- Kuzo zonke iindidi zecauliflower, yeyona inezona zininzi Vitamin C.
- Ityebile i-potassium, i-phosphorus, i-folic acid kunye ne-carotenoids.
- I-Romanesco ngumthombo olungileyo we ifayibha.
- Ukongeza, iye kakhulu iikhalori eziphantsi.
Indlela yokupheka iRomanesco?
Le mifuno ingatyiwa ikrwada okanye iphekiweKwaye unokulungiselela ezininzi izitya ezimnandi. Umzekelo: Romanesco kunye béchamel kunye ham, Romanesco kunye namazambane kunye neeoli, Romanesco kunye pine nuts, Romanesco kunye netumata…Le nayo inkulu kuphekwe Romanesco kunye neoli yeoli. Ukongezelela, abanye abantu bayawatya I-Romanesco ishiya.
I-Fractals kwindalo: Ijometri yefractal ye-Romanescu
Ezi pyramid zincinci ziluhlaza ezenza i Romanesco inflorescences landela i Fibonacci seriesOko kukuthi, bahlala bephinda imilo efanayo kwizikali ezahlukeneyo. Singasebenzisa iglasi yokukhulisa ukuqinisekisa oku. Ukongeza kwi-Romanesco, lo mthetho wendalo ubonwa nakwiintyatyambo ze-artichokes, i-sunflowers, i-conifer cones, kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwamagqabi kwiziqu zezityalo.
Siyayishiya imathematika… kwaye sibuyela kwingcebiso malunga Ukhula njani iRomanesco inyathelo ngenyathelo.
Isikhokelo esipheleleyo sokukhulisa iRomanescu organically
Sele siyichazile into yokuba ayisiso esinye sezona zityalo zaziwayo kwilizwe lethu, kodwa siya sikhula kancinci kancinci. Masiyijonge ngezantsi. Inyathelo ngenyathelo indlela yokukhulisa iRomanesco kwiigadi zethu ze fumana ezona ziphumo zibalaseleyoAsimele silibale ukuba uhlobo ngalunye luya kufuna ukhathalelo olukhethekileyo kwaye kufuneka sisoloko beka phambili iintlobo zengingqiSiza kuqala ngokuhlwayela, ukutshintshwa, kunye nemisebenzi efunekayo yokulima, emva koko siqhubeke nomlo ochasene nezinambuzane kunye nezifo kunye nezitshixo zokuvuna iRomanesco.
1. Ukuhlwayela iRomanesco
Into yokuqala ekufuneka siyenzile kukutyala Imbewu yeRomanesco kwiibhedi zembewu. Ungasebenzisa iitreyi ze-alveolar eziyi-4 x 4 yeesentimitha. Kwezi itreyi, beka Iimbewu ezi-2 kumngxuma ngamnye; ukuba zombini ziphuma phambili. phelisa ezona zibuthathaka. la ubunzulu ifanelekile ye 1 cm kwaye kuyacetyiswa ukuba usasaze umaleko omncinci we vermiculite ngaphezulu kwe-substrate ukwenza njenge yokwambathisa obushushu kwaye uzinzise ukufuma.
La umhla wokuhlwayela Kuxhomekeke kwindawo esikuyo. Isikhokelo esiqhelekileyo kwimozulu epholileyo kukuhlwayela phakathi Intwasahlobo nehlobo (abalimi abaninzi benza oku phakathi ngoMeyi nangoSeptemba), nangona kwezinye iindawo kukhethwa NgoJulayi nango-Agasti izakuvunwa ekwindla-ebusika. Kuphephe ukudibana yenziwe ukusuka entloko ngamaza obushushu.
2. Ukutyala nini iRomanesco?
Kanye wethu Imbewu yeRomanesco ziphume phambili, ixesha lokuba zifuduselwe kumhlaba wegadi Kuya kuba xa bephakathi 3-5 amagqabi okwenyaniso kunye nebhola yeengcambu ezihambelanayo, ngokuqhelekileyo malunga nenyanga emva kokuhlwayela. Yenza a umngxuma ubukhulu beengcambuBeka isityalo ebhodweni kwaye ucinezele ngobunono umhlaba ukuqinisekisa ukudibana kweengcambu. Nkcenkceshela ngokucokisekileyo emva kokutshintshwa ukuze uhlale umhlaba kwaye unciphise uxinzelelo lwamanzi.
Indawo: al Romanescu uyalithanda ilangakodwa ayibunyamezeli kakuhle ubushushu obugqithisileyoEhlotyeni kakhulu kuyacetyiswa ukuba utyale kwindawo ene umthunzi okhanyayo ngezona yure zinzima okanye ukusetyenziswa i-shading mesh 30-40% ukuphepha ukutshisa kunye noxinzelelo. amaqondo obushushu aphakathi ndithanda ukusekwa kwe iintloko ezixineneyo.
Umhlaba: ukhetha imihlaba ukukhanya okanye ukuthetha ngokuphandle, ikhululekile kwaye isityebi kwi-humusnge umjelo olungileyo. Umhlaba onamanzi amaninzi ubeka phambili kwizifo zeengcambu. I-pH efanelekileyo iphakathi 6,2 kunye ne7,2Ukuba umhlaba uneasidi, a ilungiswe ngekalika okanye iinyanga ze-calcium carbonate ngaphambi kokuba ukulima kunokulinganisa. Iyabonelela umgquba ovuthiweyo okanye umgquba obole kakuhle ukuphucula ubume kunye nokuchuma.
Isakhelo sokutyala: yeka I-40 ukuya kwi-60 cm phakathi kwezityalo kunye I-60 ukuya kwi-80 cm phakathi kwemigca, kuxhomekeke kukuqina kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nokuchuma komhlaba. Kwiigadi ezinzulu ezinemihlaba echume kakhulu, isakhelo se 40-50 cm phakathi kwezityalo idla ngokwaneleyo. Ukutyala ngokuxinana kakhulu kunokunciphisa ubukhulu bentloko kwaye kwandise izehlo zezinambuzane.
Isitiya esenziwe ngembiza: kunokwenzeka ukuba ukhule i-romanescu ngaphakathi izitya. Khetha iimbiza ze Iilitha ezi-20-30 umgangatho ngamnye, nge imingxuma yokukhupha amanzi kunye ne-substrate esemgangathweni (umxube we-coconut fiber, i-compost, kunye ne-perlite ethile). Beka imbiza kwindawo ene ilanga lasekuseni kunye nomthunzi okhanyayo ngexesha lokufudumala. Gcoba umphezulu nge umququ ukugcina ukufuma kunye nokunciphisa ukuguquguquka kwe-thermal.
3. Imisebenzi eyimfuneko yokuhlakulela i-romanescu
Ukunkcenkceshela Romanesco
IRomanescu iyayixabisa a ukufuma rhoqo emhlabeni ngaphandle kokufikelela kwi-puddles. I ukunkcenkceshela Yeyona ndlela isebenzayo, ene-2-4 l/h drippers elungelelaniswe kwimozulu yakho kunye nokuthungwa komhlaba. Kwimihlaba eyisanti, kuya kufuneka unkcenkceshele rhoqo; kwimihlaba eludongwe, vula indawo yokunkcenkceshela kodwa uphephe ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo. Gcina umhlaba ufumile rhoqo, ngakumbi ngexesha lonyaka ukutyeba nokutyeba yentloko, ukuphepha uxinzelelo lwamanzi kunye neengxaki zomzimba. I-Organic mulch (umququ, amagqabi akhutshiweyo) inceda ukuzinzisa ukufuma kunye nobushushu.
Umbhalisi
Ngaphambi kokutyala, faka emhlabeni umgquba ovuthiweyo ukufaka isandla izinto eziphilayo. Ngexesha lokulima, ziphephe initrogen engaphezulu: Isichumiso esityebe kakhulu kwi-N sikhuthaza ukukhula kwamagqabi ngokugqithisileyo, kunokwenzeka iithowuni ezibomvu kunye neentloko ezixineneyo ezincinci. Ukubeka phambili ukuchumisa okulinganayo kunye nonikezelo olulungileyo lwe potaziyamu (K), isitshixo kwi ukubunjwa kwentlokoEmva kokutshintshwa, unako sasaza umgquba ujikeleze unyawo kwaye ugqume nge i-mulch yomququ, umkhwa othi, ngaphezu kokugcina ukufuma, unceda ukubonelela ngokuthe ngcembe i-K.
Iingcebiso ezisebenzayo: yenza a ukunxiba phezulu nge-compost okanye isichumiso esilungelelanisiweyo esiphakathi komjikelo. Ukuba umhlaba wakho uphantsi Boro y calcio, qwalasela uphuculo oluthile, ekubeni ukusilela kunokubangela amabala angaphakathi kunye neengxaki zentloko (i-discoloration, i-curd emdaka, kunye ne-unstructure). Kwimihlaba yekalika, i igalelo lezinto eziphilayo kuphucula ukufumaneka kwe-micronutrients.
Ulawulo lwezityalo kunye nokhathalelo
Lula rhoqo ukunciphisa ukhuphiswano lwamanzi nezondlo. Kuphephe ukulima kakhulu kufutshane nesikhondo ukunqanda ukonakalisa iingcambu. Kwiiveki ezininzi, jonga ukukhula kwentloko: isityalo esisempilweni esinolungelelwano oluhle lwamanzi senza a i-inflorescence eshinyeneyo kwaye ichazwe kakuhle. Kwiimozulu ezishushu, faka i-shading mesh ngexesha amaza obushushu ukuthintela ukutshisa emaphethelweni amagqabi. Akuyimfuneko ukuba "i-blanch" intloko njengoko kwenziwa ngezinye iikholifulawa, kuba i-Romanesco iboniswa green yobume bendalo.
4. Izinambuzane kunye nezifo zeRomanesco
Njengezinye izityalo kusapho, iRomanesco inokuchaphazeleka izibetho nezifo. Chonga ngexesha kwaye wenze kunye iindlela zendalo ngundoqo.
Iimopane kumagqabi eRomanesco
Iimopane ze amabhabhathane kunye namanundu (umzekelo, UPieris spp. nokuba spodoptera) yiqwenge iblade yegqabi ngokukhawuleza. Kuyacetyiswa jonga umzantsi wamagqabi kunye namahlumela amancinci. Kulawulo lwendalo, sebenzisa Bacillus thuringiensis Nantsi lapho. kurstaki kwimiqondiso yokuqala, kwaye womeleze ngayo iminatha yezinambuzane ezithintela ukubeka.
Impukane emhlophe
La Impukane emhlophe Sisityalo segadi yakudala. Ifakwe kwi ngaphantsi kwaye ifunxa incindi, yenza buthathaka isityalo kunye nokukhupha umbethe okhuthazayo ngesibindi. indawo imigibe chromatic yellow, kwandisa biodiversity kokusingqongileyo ukuthanda iintshaba zendalo kwaye, ukuba uxinzelelo luphezulu, sebenzisa isepha ye potassium o ioyile yemem ngokulandela imiyalelo yomenzi.
Romanesco aphids: waxy aphid
El i-aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae) iqhelekile kwibrassicas. Yenza iikoloni kunye nenkangeleko imhlophe kwaye incangathi. Ukongeza ekuphatheni nge isepha ye potassium kunye neem, ukusetyenziswa kwe izilwanyana ezincedisayo (i-ladybugs, i-lacewings) kunye nokususwa kwezandla ekuqhambukeni kokuqala kunceda ukuba bangabikho. Iyanqanda initrogen engaphezulu, oko kukholekileyo kuye.
Imigibe kunye ne-slugs
Bashiya ukulunywa ngokungaqhelekanga kunye nemikhondo ye cinezela. indawo imigibe yebhiya, izithintelo ezibonakalayo (ubhedu, uthuthu oluhlaziywa emva kwemvula) kwaye lususe iindawo zokuhlala ezimanzi kufutshane nesityalo. I-mulching iyanceda, kodwa ukuba kukho uxinzelelo oluphezulu, yibuyisele iimulchi ezomileyo kwaye ilawula ukufuma.
Amabala emacaleni amagqabi
Las amabala okanye ukutsha emiphethweni idla ngokuba ngenxa ubushushu obuninzi okanye umoya owomileyo. Iphucula i ukwenza umbala, lungisa ukunkcenkceshela ukugcina umswakama ozinzile kwaye ugweme ukuchumisa okunzima okubangela izicubu zethenda ngamaxesha anzima. Kwakhona khangela ukunqongophala kwe-calcium okanye i-boron, nto leyo enokuyenza mandundu le ngxaki.
Izifo eziqhelekileyo
Phakathi kwezifo, eyona nto iphawulekayo hernia yekhaphetshu (Plasmodiophora brassicae), egrulisa iingcambu ize ibole; inqanda nge ukujikeleza okude, i-pH isondele kwi-7 kunye neqela elinempilo. Ezinye izinto ezinokwenzeka umngundo, enye indawo y ukubola okumnyama (Xanthomonas). Iyaqinisekisa umjelo olungileyo, inqanda ukumanzisa kakhulu amagqabi kwaye iyakhuthaza umoya ongenisa umoya phakathi kwezityalo.
5. Kuvunwa nini iRomanesco?
La ukuvuna es ngezandla xa i-inflorescence ifikelele kuyo ubukhulu obukhulu kwaye ihleli icwecwe. Musa ukulinda ukuba iinkozo zivuleke, kuba umgangatho wehla ngokuphawulekayo. Njengesikhokelo, iintlobo zomjikelo omfutshane okanye ophakathi (umz. Arizona, Fremont, Asterix, Durlan) zidla ngokulunga phakathi Iintsuku ezingama-90 kunye ne-150 emva kokutshintshwa, Ngelixa iintlobo zomjikelo omde (ezifana noFargo, Durlan okanye Mariné) zinokufuna Iintsuku ezingama-150-200Imozulu, umhlaba, nolawulo lunokuwukhawulezisa okanye luwuthobe umjikelo.
Ukusika, sebenzisa a iblade ecocekileyo kwaye ibukhali, kwaye ishiya amagqabi athile akhuselayo entloko ukugcina ubutsha. Emva kokuvuna, iRomanesco igcinwa iintsuku ezininzi ifriji