Los Cactus y isetyu Ezi zizityalo ezikhethekileyo, ezixabiswayo zombini ngenxa yobuhle bazo obukhethekileyo kunye nokumelana nemozulu okumangalisayo. Eli nqaku elibanzi lidibanisa lonke ulwazi olukhoyo kunye nezenzo ezilungileyo zokunakekelwa kwe-cacti kunye nokunyamekela, ukudibanisa eyona ngcebiso efanelekileyo kunye neyomhla ngokunkcenkceshela, i-substrate, ukukhanya, ukutshintshwa, ukusabalalisa, kunye nokuthintela izinambuzane. Ukuba ujonge ukugcina ezi zityalo zisempilweni kwaye zintle ixesha elide, apha uya kufumana isikhokelo esicacileyo sokulima ngempumelelo, ngaphakathi nangaphandle.
Ukunkcenkceshela i-cacti kunye ne-succulents: ukuphindaphinda kunye nobuchule
El Ukunkcenkceshela yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kukhathalelo lwe-cacti kunye ne-succulents. Ezi zityalo zigcina amanzi kwiithishu zazo ukuze ziphile kwindawo ebharhileyo, ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo kunokuba yingozi:
- Iprimavera: Kulapho i-cactus iphuma kwimeko yayo yokulala kwaye iqala ukukhula. Ukunkcenkceshela kucetyiswa rhoqo ngeentsuku ezili-10-12, ngokunyuka ngokuthe ngcembe kuxhomekeke kwiqondo lokushisa kunye nophuhliso.
- Ihlobo: Njengoko imozulu ishushu, imfuno yamanzi iyanda. Kucetyiswa ukuba unkcenkceshele qho ngeentsuku ezi-4-8, usoloko uqinisekisa ukuba umhlaba womile ngaphambi kokuba unkcenkceshelwe kwakhona. Kwiindawo ezipholileyo, oku kunokwahluka ukuya kwixesha elide.
- Ukuwa: Emva kwexesha elisebenzayo, ubuninzi kufuneka buncitshiswe: rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezi-8-10 ekuqaleni, emva koko zahlulwe ukuya kwiintsuku eziyi-15-20 ukuya ekupheleni kwexesha lonyaka.
- Ubusika: Azifuni kwaphela amanzi. Zibekele umlinganiselo wokunkcenkceshela kancinane rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezingama-20 ukuya kwengama-40 okanye uyeke ukuba amaqondo obushushu ehla ngaphantsi kwe-10°C. Phantsi kwezi meko, ukufuma okugqithisileyo kukhuthaza ukubola kweengcambu.
Kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe ubuchule bokunkcenkceshela nge ukuntywiliselwa, ukuvumela i-substrate ukuba ifunxe amanzi ide ihluthe, kwaye ivumele ukuba yome ngokupheleleyo phambi kokunkcenkceshela okulandelayo. Kubalulekile musa ukumanzisa umzimba wesityalo ukuthintela izifo zefungal.
Iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokukhanya kwelanga kwi-cacti kunye ne-succulents
Ukufezekisa ukukhula ngamandlaI-Cacti kunye ne-succulents kufuneka ifumane ukukhanya okuninzi. Nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke iintlobo ezinyamezela ukukhanya kwelanga:
- Iintlobo ezinemiqolo emininzi okanye iinwele zidla ngokufuna ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo. Ilungele iifestile ezisezantsi okanye ezijonge ngasentshona.
- Uhlobo enameva ambalwa okanye amagqabi anenyama Zingonakaliswa kukukhanya kwelanga kwaye zikhetha ukukhanya okuhluziweyo. Jonga i-easter orientation, kwaye uyibeke emva kwekhethini elincinci okanye iglasi.
- Jikelezisa izityalo zakho ngamaxesha athile ukuze uzithintele ekukhuleni kwi-engile efuna ukukhanya (tropism), egcina imilo yazo ehlangeneyo kunye neyobuhle.
Ngaphandle, hlala ukhetha iindawo eziqaqambileyo ezikhuselweyo kwimvula eninzi kunye nemimoya ebandayo. Ngaphakathi, kungcono ukuzibeka kufutshane neefestile ezikhanyayo, ukuthintela imithombo yobushushu ethe ngqo efana neeradiyetha okanye izifudumezi zomoya.
Iqondo lobushushu kunye nendawo: indawo efanelekileyo ye-cacti yakho kunye ne-succulents
Las amaqondo obushushu afanelekileyo Baphakathi kwe-18 kunye ne-26 ° C ngokukhula okusebenzayo. Ezi zityalo zibunyamezela kakuhle ubushushu kodwa zisenokuchaphazeleka kumaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kwe-7°C, nto leyo ebangela ukukhula kwazo kume okanye kuyeke ukulala. Kuphephe ukuwabeka kwiqabaka okanye utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwiqondo lobushushu kwindawo.
- Ngaphakathi, gcina izityalo kwindawo ezinomoya opholileyo kodwa kude nedrafti.
- Ngexesha lokuphumla (ekwindla-ebusika), vumela amaqondo obushushu apholileyo ebusuku (8-10ºC) ukukhuthaza umjikelo wayo webhayoloji.
Ukuba ubona i-cacti yakho ilahlekelwa ngumbala okanye i-discoloring, inokuba luphawu lokukhanya okukhulu, ubushushu, okanye ukungabikho komoya.
Ukukhetha i-substrate engcono kunye ne-drainage
Un i-substrate efanelekileyo kunye nokuhamba kakuhle kwamanzi zibalulekile kubomi be-cacti kunye ne-succulents. La ngamacandelo afanelekileyo kumxube osebenzayo:
- Iingxenye ezi-2 zomhlaba omnyama okanye i-universal substrate
- 1 inxalenye ye-humus eqinileyo okanye i-compost evuthiweyo
- Iinxalenye ezi-3/4 zihlambe isanti yomlambo erhabaxa
- 1/2 inxalenye yevermiculite
- 1/2 inxalenye perlite
- 1/2 inxalenye yamalahle acoliweyo
I-Pumice okanye igrabile ye-volcanic nayo ingadityaniswa ukuphucula umoya kunye nokukhupha amanzi embizeni. Ukukhula okufanelekileyo, khangela oku Isifundo sendlela yokwenza i-cactus substrate.
Kuphephe ukusebenzisa ngamaxesha onke isanti yokwakha okanye ulwandle, ekubeni umxholo we-saline unobungozi kwiingcambu zezityalo.
Ukongezelela, ukugubungela umphezulu we-substrate ngee-aggregates (umzekelo, i-gravel, ilitye elihle le-volcanic, okanye isanti yokuhlobisa) inceda ukugcina umswakama ofanelekileyo, ikhusela izifo zefungal, kwaye igcina intamo yesityalo.
Ukuchumisa kunye nokuchumisa kwe-cacti kunye ne-succulents
El isichumiso esaneleyo Ikhuthaza ukukhula okunempilo kunye neentyatyambo. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe izichumisi ezithile ze-cacti kunye ne-succulents, kwiidosi eziphantsi:
- I-NPK 6-12-8 Ibhalansi isichumisi okanye ezifanayo, kunye nomxholo we-nitrogen ophantsi ukukhusela ukukhula okugqithisileyo.
- Kufuneka ichunyiswe rhoqo kwiiveki ezi-3-4 ngexesha lokukhula (entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni), kwaye iyekwe ngexesha lokungalali.
- Ukusetyenziswa kwee-microorganisms eziluncedo (i-mycorrhizae) inokubonelela ngokuxhatshazwa okongeziweyo kunye nokuphucula ukulinganisa izondlo.
Umahluko phakathi kwe-cacti, i-succulents kunye ne-succulents
Los Cactus Ziyinxalenye yosapho olunencasa (izityalo ezigcina amanzi emagqabini, kwiziqu, okanye ezingcanjini). Igama elithi "succulent" lidla ngokusetyenziswa ngokungachanekanga njengesithethantonye. IiSucculents ziyinxalenye yosapho oluthile lwe-succulents (Crasulaceae).
CactusZiyahlulwa ngameva azo, athatha indawo yamagqabi ukuthintela ukulahleka kwamanzi.
I-Succulents kunye nezinye i-succulents: Zinokuba namagqabi anenyama, izikhondo zejusi okanye iingcambu ezijiyileyo, kwaye maxa wambi ziyakwazi ukuzikhusela ngokwasemzimbeni njengencindi ecaphukisayo, amagqabi arhabaxa okanye ameva angavakali kangako, ukuze ziphephe ukutyiwa zizilwanyana.
Ijenari engundoqo kunye neentlobo ze-cacti
- Opuntia: Aziwa ngokuba ngamapere okanye ii nopales, omelele kwaye ane 'imihlakulo' ecaba egqunywe kwimiqolo emincinane.
- I-Mammillaria: Ezibonakalisa ngeentyantyambo zazo ezibume zesithsaba, zihlala ziyi-globular kwaye zincinci, zilungele ukuqokelela.
- I-Echinocactus grusonii (isihlalo sikamazala): Imile okwengqukuva kwaye igqunywe ngameva egolide, ixatyiswa kakhulu kuhombiso lwegadi.
Kukho amakhulu ezinye iindidi, nganye ineemfuno ezithile zokukhanya kunye namanzi, kodwa zonke zabelana ngezikhokelo ezisisiseko ezichazwe apha.
Uninzi lweentlobo ezidumileyo ze-succulents kunye ne-succulents
- IsiKalanchoe: Izimuncumuncu ezidubula ngemibalabala zifuna ukukhanya okuphezulu kunye nobushushu obuphakathi. Qaphela ukuba ungagqithisi amanzi okanye ngaphantsi kwamanzi, njengoko zivakalelwa koku.
- Umthi weJade (Crassula ovata): Isihlahla esihlala siluhlaza esinamagqabi angqindilili, ombhoxo, aluhlaza, axhathisa kakhulu kwaye kulula ukuwagcina.
- Iintyatyambo ezingunaphakade (Sempervivum): Ziphawulwa ngokomelela kwazo okukhulu kunye nokukwazi ukuphila iminyaka emininzi phambi kokuba zidubule. Azifane zibonwe xa zidubula, njengoko ukudumba kwazo kwipyrolytic kuxhomekeke ekuvuthweni kwazo.
- Echeveria: Benza i-rosette edibeneyo yamagqabi kwaye iza kwiindidi ezininzi eziluhlaza, ezipinki, eziorenji okanye ezibomvu.
- Ialoe vera: Yaziwa kakhulu ngeempawu zayo zonyango, eziguquguqukayo ngaphakathi nangaphandle.
- I-Sansevieria: Eyaziwa ngokuba "lulwimi lukamamazala," ibalasele ngokomelela kwayo kunye nokukwazi ukuhlala phantsi komthunzi.
Iimbiza ezifanelekileyo kwi-cacti kunye ne-succulents
Ukukhetha kwe imbiza elungileyo ibalulekile kuphuhliso olusempilweni. Olona khetho lungcono lubandakanya:
- Iingqayi zeCeramic okanye zodongwe: Ziyi-porous kwaye zikhuthaza ukuvela komswakama ogqithiseleyo.
- Iimbiza zePlastiki: Bagcina umswakama ixesha elide, ngoko kuya kufuneka wenze imingxuma eyongezelelweyo ukuba ukhetha le nto.
Imbiza kufuneka ilingane nobukhulu besityalo; Akukhuthazwa ukusebenzisa izikhongozeli ezinzulu kakhulu okanye ezinkulu, njengoko oku kuya kwandisa ixesha lokumisa le-substrate kwaye kubangele ukuba iingcambu zihluthe.
Indlela yokuguqula i-cacti okanye i-succulents?
El uqhaqho-fakelo lwamaxesha athile Ugcina amandla ezityalo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwa yonke iminyaka engama-2-4 entwasahlobo, xa ukukhula kuqalisa kwakhona.
- Nkcenkceshela kancinci kwiintsuku ezimbini ngaphambi koko kwaye uvumele i-substrate ikhuphe kakuhle.
- Susa isityalo ngokusibamba ngephepha okanye iiglavu ukuphepha ukudibana nameva.
- Susa i-substrate endala, ukhulule iingcambu kwaye unqumle iindawo ezibolileyo ngesikere esifakwe i-disinfected.
- Beka umaleko wokuhambisa amanzi kwimbiza entsha, uze wongeze inxalenye ye-substrate entsha.
- Beka isityalo phakathi, gcwalisa kwaye udibanise ngobumnene i-substrate ejikelezayo.
- Musa ukunkcenkceshela iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuze uvumele nawaphi na amanxeba aphole.
Ukuveliswa kwakhona kwe-cacti kunye ne-succulents
Ezi zityalo zinokuveliswa ngokulula ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya:
- Ukwenzela ukusikwa: Amahlumela ayasuswa kwaye ayekwe ukuba ome kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa phambi kokutyala kumhlaba ofumileyo. Le yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo kwi-succulents efana ne-Echeveria, Crassula, kunye ne-Kalanchoe.
- Ngembewu: Kufuna umonde nenkathalo ngakumbi, njengoko intshule inokuthabatha iiveki okanye iinyanga. Ilungele abaqokeleli.
- Ngabantwana: Uninzi lweentlobo ze-cacti kunye ne-succulents zivelisa izityalo ezincinci kwiziseko zazo ezinokuthi zohlulwe kwaye zikhule ngokwahlukeneyo.
Amanzi acetyiswayo okunkcenkceshela
El uhlobo lwamanzi Inempembelelo ngqo kwimpilo ye-cacti kunye ne-succulents. Amanzi ompompo ahlala ane-alkaline okanye aqinile, nto leyo ekhuthaza ukwakheka kwetyuwa. Kungcono ukusebenzisa:
- Amanzi emvula, iqokelelwe ngokukhawuleza kwaye isetyenziswe.
- Amanzi adityanisiweyo, kuphela ngamaxesha athile ukuba kukho i-chlorosis okanye ukuqokelela kweentsalela zezimbiwa.
Gwema ukunkcenkceshela ngamanzi anetyuwa, njengoko i-sodium ions ithatha indawo ye-calcium kunye ne-magnesium ion, echaphazela i-metabolism yezityalo.
Iingxaki zokunkcenkceshela: iimpawu kunye nezisombululo
Eyona mpazamo ixhaphakileyo yi ukugqithisa kwamanzi, efunyenwe ngamagqabi athambileyo, aguquguqukayo okanye aphuzi, kunye nokuwa kwawo. ukunqongophala kwamanzi Ibonakaliswa kwi-substrate eyomileyo kakhulu kunye neziqu, imibala enqabileyo kunye nembonakalo enqabileyo okanye encinci.
- Amanzi kuphela xa i-substrate yomile ngokupheleleyo. Iimitha zokufuma zinganceda ukumisela oku.
- Kwimeko yokubola, yinqumle kwaye uphilise ingcambu echaphazelekayo, yiyeke yome kwaye uyifake kwi-substrate entsha.
Ukhathalelo lothintelo kunye nolawulo lwezinambuzane kwi-cacti kunye ne-succulents
Nangona zizityalo ezomeleleyo, I-cacti kunye ne-succulents inokuchaphazeleka ngokuchasene ne mealybugs, spider mites, thrips, kunye nokungunda. Izindululo eziphambili ziquka:
- Gcina izityalo zicocekile, usebenzisa amanzi kunye nebrashi ethambileyo.
- Sebenzisa izibulali-zinambuzane eziphilayo, ezifana nesepha ye-potassium, i-oyile ye-neem, okanye i-garlic infusions ngokuchasene nezinambuzane ezincinci.
- Musa ukusebenzisa ngokugqithisileyo izichumisi ezinenitrogen ukuthintela izihlunu ezithambileyo ezihlaselwa zizinambuzane.
- Ukwandisa umoya kunye nokunkcenkceshela okulawulwayo ukunciphisa ukubonakala kwefungi.
Indawo yokubeka i-cacti kunye ne-succulents ekhaya?
Su izinto ezininzi zokuhombisa Ziyakwazi ukufakwa kuyo nayiphi na indawo: amagumbi okuhlala, amagumbi okulala, iiofisi, amagumbi okuhlambela (logama nje anokukhanya okwaneleyo), kunye neeterraces. Zixabiseke kakhulu ngokukwazi kwazo ukufunxa ukufuma kunye nokugcinwa kwazo okuphantsi. Ukuba i-cactus ijika ibe tyheli okanye ibe mhlophe, yifudusele kwindawo enokukhanya okuncinci kwelanga, kodwa ungaze ubenomthunzi onzulu.
Ubutyhefu kunye nezilwanyana zasekhaya: Izilumkiso eziBalulekileyo
Ezinye i-succulents kunye ne-cacti zinokuba yityhefu kwizilwanyana zasekhaya ezifana nezinja neekati. I-Kalanchoe, i-Euphorbia kunye ne-Sansevieria, phakathi kwezinye, kufuneka zibekwe ngaphandle kokufikelela kwizilwanyana ezinomdla, ezinokuthi zibethe ngengozi kuzo.
Iingcebiso ezongezelelweyo kunye nezinto ezinomdla
- Uninzi lwee-succulents kunye ne-cacti zikhula kakuhle kwindawo eyomileyo kwaye zifuna ukunkcenkceshela okuphantsi rhoqo ngenxa yeengcambu kunye neziqu zazo.
- Ukuyibeka ecaleni kwezixhobo zombane kunokunceda ukuphelisa umoya owomileyo, kodwa kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubushushu abunyuki kakhulu.
- Ngexesha lokuhluma kunye neentyantyambo, kucetyiswa ukuba uchumise ukuvuselela imibala ecacileyo kunye nophuhliso olukhulu.
- Abanye I-Cactus kunye ne-succulents zitsala amandla amahle, ngokweenkolelo zeFeng Shui, kwaye zilungele ukuhlobisa kwangaphakathi.
Ubuchule bobugcisa be-cactus kunye nokhathalelo lwe-succulent luguqula nayiphi na indawo ibe yindawo ephilileyo kunye neyokuqala. Ngokuqonda nokusebenzisa iimfuno zabo ezikhethekileyo zokunkcenkceshela, ukukhanya, i-substrate, ukutshintshwa, kunye nokuthintela, ezi zityalo ziya kuphumelela nakweliphi na ikhaya okanye iofisi, zifuna ingqalelo encinane kunye nokubonelela ngobuhle iminyaka emininzi. Into ephambili kukuqonda ubume bazo obuguquguqukayo kwaye uphephe iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo, njengokunkcenkceshelwa kwamanzi okanye ukukhanya okunganeleyo. Unesibindi sokongeza iintlobo ezininzi kwingqokelela yakho kwaye ukonwabele ukunxibelelana nendalo ezi ntlobo zinika umdla.
