Isikhokelo esibanzi semithi eneengcambu ezindlongondlongo: iintlobo, iingxaki, izisombululo, kunye nezinye iindlela zegadi kunye nesixeko.

Ziziphi iingcambu ezinobundlobongela kwaye kutheni sifanele sikhathazeke?

Iingcambu ezinobundlobongela Ngabo bodidi lwemithi enengcambu etyekele ekukhuleni kakhulu, ngokuphandle okanye ngokunzulu, ivelisa umonakalo onokwenzeka kwiipavumente, kwiindledlana zeenyawo, kwizakhiwo, kumadama okuqubha, kwimibhobho nakwiindonga.

Kwiindawo ezihlala ezidolophini nakwiindawo zokuhlala, ukunqongophala kolwazi malunga neengcambu zemithi kunokubangela ungquzulwano kunye neziseko zophuhliso kunye nezinye izityalo okanye izithuba zegadi, njengoko ezi ngcambu zihamba zikhangela. amanzi kunye nezondlo, kwanangeendleko zokunyusa okanye ukungena kwimiqobo eyenziweyo.

Iingcambu "azikho ndlongondlongo" kuzo ngokwazo: zisabela kwibhayoloji yazo kunye nokusingqongileyo. Iingxaki zivela xa ukhetho lomthi okanye indawo yayo ayifanelekanga. Nokuba umthi wokuhombisa unokuba yingxaki ukuba amandla awo okukhula kweengcambu azithathelwa ngqalelo.

Iingcambu zikhula njani kwaye kutheni zinokonakalisa izakhiwo

Iingcambu zenza umsebenzi ophambili we qinisa umthi kwaye ufunxe amanzi kunye nezondloUkufezekisa oku, zinokukhula phezu komhlaba, phantsi okanye zombini izikhokelo ngokuxhomekeke kwiintlobo kunye neemeko zomhlaba. Ekukhangeleni kwabo iindawo ezifumileyo, ezineoksijini kunye nezityebileyo zezondlo, iingcambu zinokugqiba ekubeni zihlasele iindawo ezingafunwayo, njengokufakelwa kwamanzi, iziseko zezindlu, amadama okuqubha, iindledlana, okanye kwanenkqubo yogutyulo.

Umonakalo wenzeka ikakhulu xa:

• Iingcambu zikhula nje, ukuphakamisa iithayile, i-asphalt okanye imigangatho yekhonkrithi.
• Ngena kwiintanda ezincinci kwimibhobho, iindonga okanye amachibi, ukwandisa ixesha elide.
• Basondela kakhulu kwiziseko, ezichaphazela ukuzinza kwezakhiwo.
• Iinkqubo zokuhambisa amanzi amdaka kunye nogutyulo lwamanzi amdaka ziyawa, zithintele ukuhamba kwamanzi.

Izinto ezandisa ubundlongondlongo beengcambu:

• Ukunkcenkceshela komphezulu rhoqo: ivuselela ukukhula kweengcambu kumphezulu.
• Umhlaba obambeneyo okanye ongekho nzulu: Banyanzela ingcambu ukuba ikhule ngokuthe tye okanye ifune iintanda.
• Ukunqongophala kwendawo eyaneleyo: inyanzelisa iingcambu ukuba zifune izondlo ngaphandle kwendawo yokuqala yokutyala.
• Ukungabikho kwemiqobo yomzimba: ayithinteli inkqubela yendalo yenkqubo yeengcambu.

Imithi eneengcambu ezinobundlobongela: uluhlu lweentlobo eziyingxaki

Kukho iintlobo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwigadi kunye nokulungiswa komhlaba, ngelixa zibonelela ngomthunzi, ubuhle, kunye nokutsha, zinembali yokubangela umonakalo ngenxa yeengcambu zabo ezinobundlobongela. Apha ngezantsi kukho uluhlu olubanzi olusekwe kumava eengcaphephe, iiforam ezikhethekileyo, kunye namanqaku enzululwazi, kuquka neentlobo ezingaziwayo kodwa eziyingxaki ngokulinganayo ngaphandle kwendawo yobungcali.

• IFicus (iFicus benjamina, iFicus elastica, iFicus benghalensis, iFicus lyrata): Isetyenziswa kakhulu njengezinto zokuhombisa, zineengcambu ezishinyeneyo, ezingenzulwanga, ezineengcambu ezikwaziyo ukuphakamisa iipavumente kunye neendonga ezigqobhozayo kunye nemibhobho. Kwimeko yeFicus benjamina, kwanemithi emincinci inokubangela umonakalo kwiminyaka embalwa ukuba ityalwe kufutshane nezakhiwo.
• Weeping willow (Salix babylonica, Salix x pendulina): Eyaziwayo ngokukhangela ngokukhawuleza kwamanzi, iingcambu zazo zinde kwaye zinamandla, zikwazi ukuphula imibhobho kunye nokukhangela ukuvuza kweemitha eziliqela kude.
• I-elm yaseSiberia (Ulmus pumila) kunye nezinye iilms: Iingcambu zabo zihlasela imibhobho, ziphakamise iindledlana zeenyawo, yaye zinokuhamba imigama emide. Zixhaphake kakhulu kwiindawo ezisezidolophini ngenxa yokulungelelaniswa kwazo ngokukhawuleza, kodwa kufuneka ziphetshwe kwiindawo ezivaliweyo okanye kwizakhiwo ezikufutshane.
• I-Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.): Ukukhula okukhawulezayo, ubukhulu obukhulu, iingcambu ezingenzulu, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi okuphezulu. Ziyomisa umhlaba ojikelezileyo, zonakalise okusingqongileyo kwezinye izityalo kunye nokonakalisa izakhiwo.
• I-Mulberry (Morus spp.): Iingcambu ezinamandla kunye nezibanzi, ezihlala zijongene nomonakalo kwiziseko, iindlela zokuhamba kunye neenkqubo zokuhambisa amanzi.
• I-Plantain (i-Platanus x hispanica, i-Platanus × acerifolia, i-Platanus occidentalis): Ixhaphakile ezitalatweni nakwiindlela, inkqubo yayo yeengcambu ingaphezulu kwaye yomelele, ikwazi ukuphakamisa iindawo ezinkulu ezigangathiweyo kwaye ifuna ukuthenwa rhoqo ngenxa yobukhulu bayo.
• I-Flamboyant (Delonix regia): Umthi wetropikhi onomtsalane ngokungaqhelekanga oneengcambu ezinganzulwanga, zetabular. Iyakwazi ukuphakamisa iipavumente, iindledlana zeenyawo, kunye neminye imiphezulu.
• I-Pink Ceiba (Ceiba speciosa): Umthi omkhulu okhula ngokukhawuleza oneengcambu ezishinyeneyo nezingenzulwanga. Umthi wawo nawo uethe-ethe, yaye amasebe anokuwa xa kukho imimoya ebhudla ngamandla.
• Intonga yembovane (Triplaris americana): Iingcambu ezinzulu, ubukhulu obukhulu kunye nokuthambekela kokutsala iimbovane.
• IMango (Mangifera indica): Nangona isisityalo esithwala isiqhamo, iingcambu zaso azinzulu yaye zikhule kakhulu, ziyakwazi ukonakalisa imigangatho egangathiweyo neziqhamo ezinokubangela ubumdaka. Xa uyikhulisa, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iingcambu zayo, ezinokuba yingxaki xa zishiywe zingajongwanga.
• I-Guapuruvu (Schizolobium parahyba): Umthi omkhulu, oneengcambu ezingenzulu kwaye ezinde kakhulu. Iinkuni eziethe-ethe kakhulu.
• IParaná Pine kunye nezinye iipayina (Araucaria angustifolia, Pinus spp.): Iingcambu zabo zinokuba zibanzi kwaye ziphakamise umphezulu, ngaphezu kokuba neengxaki ezivela kwi-branching yendalo kunye nokuchaphazeleka kwiintubi.
• IJackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus): Iziqhamo ezinkulu, ezinzima kunye neengcambu ezinamandla okuhlaselayo.
• Ialmond yaseIndiya (Terminalia catappa): Inkqubo yeengcambu ezingaphezulu, isithsaba esikhulu nesinabileyo.
• I-Casuarina (Casuarina equisetifolia): Iingcambu ezingaphezulu kunye nokuthambekela kokwenza iikoloni kwiindawo ezinkulu.
• I-Spathodea (i-Spathodea campanulata): Iingcambu ezingenzulwanga, iintyatyambo ezimtyibilizi, kunye nomungu oyityhefu kwiinyosi.
• Grevilea robusta: Inkqubo yeengcambu ezinamandla kunye nephezulu, kunye nophuhliso olukhawulezayo.
• IsiTipuana (Tipuana tipu): Ukukhula okude kunye neengcambu ezindlongondlongo, iinkuni eziethe-ethe kunye nokuthanda ukuphuka okanye ukuhlaselwa ziintubi.
• Ipoplar emnyama (iPopulus nigra), ipoplar emhlophe (Populus alba), Mississippi cottonwood (Populus deltoides), Bigtooth cottonwood (Populus grandidentata), Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides): Zonke ezi ntlobo ziyaziwa ngokukhula ngokukhawuleza kunye neengcambu ezinobundlobongela, ezincothula umhlaba kwaye zonakalise iziseko ezikufutshane. Zifuna indawo eyaneleyo, ngakumbi kwiipaki okanye kwizikwere.
• Imaple yaseNorway (iAcer platanoides), iSilver maple (Acer saccharinum): Iingcambu ezinganzulwanga, ezinabileyo zingonakalisa iipavumente okanye zithintele ukukhula kwezinye izityalo ezikufutshane ngenxa yomthunzi oshinyeneyo kunye nokhuphiswano lweengcambu.
• Iinkumbi ezimnyama (Robinia pseudoacacia): Ixhathisa ngokugqithisileyo, umthi wayo oqinileyo kunye nomthamo wayo ophazamisayo ubonisa ubunzima obongezelelweyo kwiigadi zasedolophini.
• Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua): Idume ngombala wayo wasekwindla kodwa ineengcambu ezinokonakalisa iipavumente.
• IJambolan (Syzygium jambolanum): Iziqhamo ezincinci kunye neengcambu ezomeleleyo ezibangela ukungcola kunye nokuphakanyiswa kweendawo.
• IMagnolia grandiflora: Nangona ingenabundlobongela kunezinye iintlobo, ikwafuna umgama ukusuka kwizakhiwo ngenxa yokomelela kweengcambu zayo.
• Umthi weCamphor (Cinnamomum camphora): Ukukhula okukhawulezayo, i-canopy eshinyeneyo kunye neengcambu ezindlongondlongo kakhulu, ezinokuthi zihlasele.
• Ikhiwane likaLyra (uFicus lyrata): Ixhaphakile ngaphakathi, kodwa ngaphandle inokuba yingxaki enkulu ngenxa yenkqubo yayo ehlaselayo kunye nephezulu.

Imithi yeziqhamo kunye neengcambu zayo: yeyiphi efanelekileyo kwaye yeyiphi emayiphetshwe

Kwimeko yemithi yeziqhamo, Asinguye wonke umntu obonisa ingozi efanayoEzinye iintlobo zineengcambu ezinzulu, ezingangeneleli kangako, ezilungele ukutyalwa kufutshane namakhaya okanye kwizitiya ezincinci ngaphandle koloyiko lokuncothula umhlaba okanye ukonakalisa iziseko ezingundoqo. Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nendlela yokuthintela ezi ngcambu kwizakhiwo ezonakalisayo, bona iingcebiso zethu ukukhathalela iingcambu.

Imithi yeziqhamo iyacetyiswa kwiingcambu zayo ezingahlaseliyo:

• Iplamu: Iingcambu ezikhula ikakhulu zijonge phantsi, zithintela ukuhlaselwa kwezakhiwo; ukulungelelaniswa nezitiya ezincinci, ukumelana nokubanda, kwaye kulula ukuzigcina.
• Umthi weLamuni: Iingcambu zayo ezithambileyo ziqhelana neembiza kunye nomhlaba wegadi. Ilungele imozulu epholileyo, ayifaki mngcipheko wesakhiwo ukuba ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi kuyagcinwa.
• Umthi wama-apile omncinci: Ukukhula okulawulwayo, iingcambu ezingenzulu kwaye zikhuselekile kwiindawo ezincinci.

Eminye imithi yeziqhamo efana neorenji, ipere, kunye nezinye iintlobo zecherry nazo ziqhelekile ukuhambelana nezitiya zasezidolophini ukuba nje umgama omncinci ukusuka eludongeni nakwizakhiwo uhlonitshwa.

Eminye imithi eqhelekileyo enokonakala kweengcambu

• ImiOki kunye ne-chestnuts: Nangona zixatyiswa ngomthunzi wazo, zivelisa iingcambu ezinabileyo neziqinileyo.
• IJacaranda: Kwimihlaba engekho nzulu inokuvelisa iingcambu ezingaphezulu kunye nokuphakamisa iipavumente.
• Umthi womthuthu: Iingcambu ezinamandla, ezinabileyo ziqhele ukonakalisa iziseko zophuhliso ukuba azityalwanga kumgama ofanelekileyo.
• I-linden kunye ne-beech: Badume ngokudibana komphezulu kwiindawo zasezidolophini.

Akuqhelekanga ukufumana uluntu lwasebumelwaneni okanye iiholo zedolophu ezineengxaki ezibangelwa kukungakhethi kakuhle imithi kunye nokubekwa kwayo. Ukuthenwa okuqatha, umzekelo womnga, kunokubangela ukuba iingcambu ziqalise ukuhluma amahlumelo kwiindawo ezinkulu.

Kutheni imithi yasezidolophini idala iindlela zokuhamba, amadama okuqubha okanye iindonga?

Ingxaki yeengcambu ezinobundlobongela ibonakala ngokukodwa kwi izitrato, intendelezo, iindawo zokupaka iimoto kunye nezitiya zasezidolophini apho ityalwe khona imithi;

• Ikufuphi kakhulu neziseko zophuhliso (iziseko, amadama, iindonga, imibhobho, njl.njl.)
• Kumhlaba oxineneyo okanye ongekho nzulu, kunyanzeliswa ukukhula okungaphaya okanye okusecaleni.
• Ngaphandle kokuthathela ingqalelo imilinganiselo enokubakho ekuvuthweni.

Iingcambu, kwinkqubo yazo yokwandisa, zifuna i iintanda zendalo okanye ezenziweyo ukusuka kokusingqongileyo. Ziyakwazi ukukhula nakwiindonga zezitena, iziseko, kunye nakwiintanda ezincinci kwimibhobho, ngakumbi ukuba ziva ukufuma. Xa befumana umthombo wamanzi okanye isichumiso, ukukhula kwabo kuyakhawuleza, nto leyo enokuguqula iintanda ezincinane zibe ngumonakalo omkhulu kwiminyaka nje embalwa.

Imigama ecetyiswayo phakathi kwemithi nezakhiwo

Qinisekisa i owona mgama wokutyala Kuxhomekeke kwiintlobo kunye nohlobo lweengcambu, kodwa kukho iingcebiso eziqhelekileyo zokunciphisa umngcipheko:

• Imithi emikhulu enengcambu ezindlongondlongo: I-10 ukuya kwi-20 yeemitha naso nasiphi na isakhiwo.
• Imithi ephakathi: I-6 ukuya kwi-10 yeemitha.
• Imithi yeziqhamo kunye nemithi emincinci: I-3 ukuya kwi-5 yeemitha Njengobuncinci.
• Kuphephe ukutyala imithi ngokuthe ngqo kwiindawo ezigangathiweyo okanye phakathi kweemitha ezi-2 zemibhobho namaqula.

Ihlala ikhethwa dibana nengcali okanye i-agronomist kwiimeko ezithile, ekubeni ukukhula kweengcambu kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kumhlaba, imozulu kunye neemeko zokunkcenkceshela.

Yintoni omele uyenze ukuba sele unomthi oneengcambu ezinobundlobongela?

• Ukuthena iingcambu kunye namasebe: Ukuthena kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela ngeengcebiso zobungcali kwaye kungakhethi buso, njengoko kunokuwenza buthathaka umthi okanye kubangele ukukhula kweengcambu ezihlaselayo ngakumbi.
• Ufakelo lwezithintelo ezibonakalayo: Beka ikhonkrithi, i-PVC, okanye izithintelo zezinto ezikhethekileyo malunga nomjikelezo womsele wokutyala ukuthintela ukwandiswa kwecala.
• Ukufuduswa okanye ukutshintshwa: Xa umonakalo ungenakuphepheka, kungcono ukutshintsha uhlobo kunye nolunye oluhambelana nendawo ekhoyo.
• Ukuthintela umonakalo kwimibhobho kunye namadama: Cinga ngokuphucula ufakelo oludala ngezinto ezixhathisa iingcambu kwaye ucwangcise iindlela kude neendawo ezinemithi emikhulu.

Iindlela zokunqanda ukukhula kweengcambu

Ezinye izisombululo ezisetyenziswa ngabalimi kunye nabalungisi bomhlaba ukunciphisa impembelelo yeengcambu ezinobundlobongela ziquka:

• Ufakelo lwemibhobho engcwatyiweyo okanye izixhobo zokutyala: Tyala imithi ngaphakathi kweetyhubhu zekhonkrithi okanye iimbiza ezinkulu ezigqunyiweyo ukukhokela ukukhula kweengcambu ukuya ezantsi, kude nomphezulu okanye kwizakhiwo ezikufutshane.
• Ukunkcenkceshela nzulu: Khuthaza uphuhliso lweengcambu zempompo kwaye ugweme ukunkcenkceshela komhlaba, okukhuthaza ukukhula okuthe tye.
• Iingcambu zothintelo: Umsele ojikelezayo ozaliswe ngezinto ezixineneyo, iiplastiki okanye amaphepha akhethekileyo, afakwe kubunzulu obufanelekileyo ngokweentlobo kunye nomhlaba.

Ezi ndlela zobuchule aziqinisekisi ulawulo olupheleleyo kwiintlobo ezinamandla kakhulu, kodwa zinokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko.

Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo ekukhetheni nasekutyaleni imithi

• Ukukhetha iintlobo kuphela ngenxa yobuhle bazo, umthunzi, okanye iintyatyambo, ngaphandle kokuqwalasela ukuphuhliswa kweengcambu.
• Ukuzityala kufutshane nendlu, ichibi, imibhobho okanye iindonga ngaphandle kwesaziso sangaphambili.
• Ukungaphumeleli ukuhlonipha umgama omncinci okanye ukulindela ubungakanani bomthi oza kufikelela xa ukhulile.
• Zama ukuquka umthi omkhulu ngokuwutyala kwindawo encinane okanye emhadini womthi onganelanga.

Kubalulekile ukufumana ulwazi kunye neengcebiso phambi kokukhetha uhlobo oluthile lokunqanda iingxaki kwixesha elizayo.

Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ezinokubangelwa ziingcambu ezinobundlobongela

• Ukuphakanyiswa kweendledlana zeenyawo, imigangatho kunye neepavumente.
• Ukuqhekeka kweendonga zeqela kunye neziseko.
• Ukuvalwa kunye nokuqhekeka kwamanzi, igesi okanye imibhobho yogutyulo.
• Umonakalo kumadama okuqubha ngenxa yokuqhekeka okanye uxinzelelo olwenziwe kukukhula kweengcambu.
• Ukufa okanye umonakalo kwezinye izityalo ngenxa yokhuphiswano lwendawo, amanzi kunye nezondlo.
• Ukubonakala kwamahlumela akude, ngakumbi kwi-acacias kunye neentlobo ezihlaselayo.

Kutheni imithi yasezidolophini idala iindlela zokuhamba, amadama okuqubha okanye iindonga?

Ingxaki yeengcambu ezinobundlobongela ibonakala ngokukodwa kwi izitrato, intendelezo, iindawo zokupaka iimoto kunye nezitiya zasezidolophini apho ityalwe khona imithi;

• Ikufuphi kakhulu neziseko zophuhliso (iziseko, amadama, iindonga, imibhobho, njl.njl.)
• Kumhlaba oxineneyo okanye ongekho nzulu, kunyanzeliswa ukukhula okungaphaya okanye okusecaleni.
• Ngaphandle kokuthathela ingqalelo imilinganiselo enokubakho ekuvuthweni.

Iingcambu, kwinkqubo yazo yokwandisa, zifuna i iintanda zendalo okanye ezenziweyo ukusuka kokusingqongileyo. Ziyakwazi ukukhula nakwiindonga zezitena, iziseko, kunye nakwiintanda ezincinci kwimibhobho, ngakumbi ukuba ziva ukufuma. Xa befumana umthombo wamanzi okanye isichumiso, ukukhula kwabo kuyakhawuleza, nto leyo enokuguqula iintanda ezincinane zibe ngumonakalo omkhulu kwiminyaka nje embalwa.

Imigama ecetyiswayo phakathi kwemithi nezakhiwo

Qinisekisa i owona mgama wokutyala Kuxhomekeke kwiintlobo kunye nohlobo lweengcambu, kodwa kukho iingcebiso eziqhelekileyo zokunciphisa umngcipheko:

• Imithi emikhulu enengcambu ezindlongondlongo: I-10 ukuya kwi-20 yeemitha naso nasiphi na isakhiwo.
• Imithi ephakathi: I-6 ukuya kwi-10 yeemitha.
• Imithi yeziqhamo kunye nemithi emincinci: I-3 ukuya kwi-5 yeemitha Njengobuncinci.
• Kuphephe ukutyala imithi ngokuthe ngqo kwiindawo ezigangathiweyo okanye phakathi kweemitha ezi-2 zemibhobho namaqula.

Ihlala ikhethwa dibana nengcali okanye i-agronomist kwiimeko ezithile, ekubeni ukukhula kweengcambu kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kumhlaba, imozulu kunye neemeko zokunkcenkceshela.

Yintoni omele uyenze ukuba sele unomthi oneengcambu ezinobundlobongela?

• Ukuthena iingcambu kunye namasebe: Ukuthena kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela ngeengcebiso zobungcali kwaye kungakhethi buso, njengoko kunokuwenza buthathaka umthi okanye kubangele ukukhula kweengcambu ezihlaselayo ngakumbi.
• Ufakelo lwezithintelo ezibonakalayo: Beka ikhonkrithi, i-PVC, okanye izithintelo zezinto ezikhethekileyo malunga nomjikelezo womsele wokutyala ukuthintela ukwandiswa kwecala.
• Ukufuduswa okanye ukutshintshwa: Xa umonakalo ungenakuphepheka, kungcono ukutshintsha uhlobo kunye nolunye oluhambelana nendawo ekhoyo.
• Ukuthintela umonakalo kwimibhobho kunye namadama: Cinga ngokuphucula ufakelo oludala ngezinto ezixhathisa iingcambu kwaye ucwangcise iindlela kude neendawo ezinemithi emikhulu.

Iindlela zokunqanda ukukhula kweengcambu

Ezinye izisombululo ezisetyenziswa ngabalimi kunye nabalungisi bomhlaba ukunciphisa impembelelo yeengcambu ezinobundlobongela ziquka:

• Ufakelo lwemibhobho engcwatyiweyo okanye izixhobo zokutyala: Tyala imithi ngaphakathi kweetyhubhu zekhonkrithi okanye iimbiza ezinkulu ezigqunyiweyo ukukhokela ukukhula kweengcambu ukuya ezantsi, kude nomphezulu okanye kwizakhiwo ezikufutshane.
• Ukunkcenkceshela nzulu: Khuthaza uphuhliso lweengcambu zempompo kwaye ugweme ukunkcenkceshela komhlaba, okukhuthaza ukukhula okuthe tye.
• Iingcambu zothintelo: Umsele ojikelezayo ozaliswe ngezinto ezixineneyo, iiplastiki okanye amaphepha akhethekileyo, afakwe kubunzulu obufanelekileyo ngokweentlobo kunye nomhlaba.

Ezi ndlela zobuchule aziqinisekisi ulawulo olupheleleyo kwiintlobo ezinamandla kakhulu, kodwa zinokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko.

Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo ekukhetheni nasekutyaleni imithi

• Ukukhetha iintlobo kuphela ngenxa yobuhle bazo, umthunzi, okanye iintyatyambo, ngaphandle kokuqwalasela ukuphuhliswa kweengcambu.
• Ukuzityala kufutshane nendlu, ichibi, imibhobho okanye iindonga ngaphandle kwesaziso sangaphambili.
• Ukungaphumeleli ukuhlonipha umgama omncinci okanye ukulindela ubungakanani bomthi oza kufikelela xa ukhulile.
• Zama ukuquka umthi omkhulu ngokuwutyala kwindawo encinane okanye emhadini womthi onganelanga.

Kubalulekile ukufumana ulwazi kunye neengcebiso phambi kokukhetha uhlobo oluthile lokunqanda iingxaki kwixesha elizayo.

Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ezinokubangelwa ziingcambu ezinobundlobongela

• Ukuphakanyiswa kweendledlana zeenyawo, imigangatho kunye neepavumente.
• Ukuqhekeka kweendonga zeqela kunye neziseko.
• Ukuvalwa kunye nokuqhekeka kwamanzi, igesi okanye imibhobho yogutyulo.
• Umonakalo kumadama okuqubha ngenxa yokuqhekeka okanye uxinzelelo olwenziwe kukukhula kweengcambu.
• Ukufa okanye umonakalo kwezinye izityalo ngenxa yokhuphiswano lwendawo, amanzi kunye nezondlo.
• Ukubonakala kwamahlumela akude, ngakumbi kwi-acacias kunye neentlobo ezihlaselayo.

Kutheni imithi yasezidolophini idala iindlela zokuhamba, amadama okuqubha okanye iindonga?

Ingxaki yeengcambu ezinobundlobongela ibonakala ngokukodwa kwi izitrato, intendelezo, iindawo zokupaka iimoto kunye nezitiya zasezidolophini apho ityalwe khona imithi;

• Ikufuphi kakhulu neziseko zophuhliso (iziseko, amadama, iindonga, imibhobho, njl.njl.)
• Kumhlaba oxineneyo okanye ongekho nzulu, kunyanzeliswa ukukhula okungaphaya okanye okusecaleni.
• Ngaphandle kokuthathela ingqalelo imilinganiselo enokubakho ekuvuthweni.

Iingcambu, kwinkqubo yazo yokwandisa, zifuna i iintanda zendalo okanye ezenziweyo ukusuka kokusingqongileyo. Ziyakwazi ukukhula nakwiindonga zezitena, iziseko, kunye nakwiintanda ezincinci kwimibhobho, ngakumbi ukuba ziva ukufuma. Xa befumana umthombo wamanzi okanye isichumiso, ukukhula kwabo kuyakhawuleza, nto leyo enokuguqula iintanda ezincinane zibe ngumonakalo omkhulu kwiminyaka nje embalwa.

Imigama ecetyiswayo phakathi kwemithi nezakhiwo

Qinisekisa i owona mgama wokutyala Kuxhomekeke kwiintlobo kunye nohlobo lweengcambu, kodwa kukho iingcebiso eziqhelekileyo zokunciphisa umngcipheko:

• Imithi emikhulu enengcambu ezindlongondlongo: I-10 ukuya kwi-20 yeemitha naso nasiphi na isakhiwo.
• Imithi ephakathi: I-6 ukuya kwi-10 yeemitha.
• Imithi yeziqhamo kunye nemithi emincinci: I-3 ukuya kwi-5 yeemitha Njengobuncinci.
• Kuphephe ukutyala imithi ngokuthe ngqo kwiindawo ezigangathiweyo okanye phakathi kweemitha ezi-2 zemibhobho namaqula.

Ihlala ikhethwa dibana nengcali okanye i-agronomist kwiimeko ezithile, ekubeni ukukhula kweengcambu kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kumhlaba, imozulu kunye neemeko zokunkcenkceshela.

Yintoni omele uyenze ukuba sele unomthi oneengcambu ezinobundlobongela?

• Ukuthena iingcambu kunye namasebe: Ukuthena kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela ngeengcebiso zobungcali kwaye kungakhethi buso, njengoko kunokuwenza buthathaka umthi okanye kubangele ukukhula kweengcambu ezihlaselayo ngakumbi.
• Ufakelo lwezithintelo ezibonakalayo: Beka ikhonkrithi, i-PVC, okanye izithintelo zezinto ezikhethekileyo malunga nomjikelezo womsele wokutyala ukuthintela ukwandiswa kwecala.
• Ukufuduswa okanye ukutshintshwa: Xa umonakalo ungenakuphepheka, kungcono ukutshintsha uhlobo kunye nolunye oluhambelana nendawo ekhoyo.
• Ukuthintela umonakalo kwimibhobho kunye namadama: Cinga ngokuphucula ufakelo oludala ngezinto ezixhathisa iingcambu kwaye ucwangcise iindlela kude neendawo ezinemithi emikhulu.

Iindlela zokunqanda ukukhula kweengcambu

Ezinye izisombululo ezisetyenziswa ngabalimi kunye nabalungisi bomhlaba ukunciphisa impembelelo yeengcambu ezinobundlobongela ziquka:

• Ufakelo lwemibhobho engcwatyiweyo okanye izixhobo zokutyala: Tyala imithi ngaphakathi kweetyhubhu zekhonkrithi okanye iimbiza ezinkulu ezigqunyiweyo ukukhokela ukukhula kweengcambu ukuya ezantsi, kude nomphezulu okanye kwizakhiwo ezikufutshane.
• Ukunkcenkceshela nzulu: Khuthaza uphuhliso lweengcambu zempompo kwaye ugweme ukunkcenkceshela komhlaba, okukhuthaza ukukhula okuthe tye.
• Iingcambu zothintelo: Umsele ojikelezayo ozaliswe ngezinto ezixineneyo, iiplastiki okanye amaphepha akhethekileyo, afakwe kubunzulu obufanelekileyo ngokweentlobo kunye nomhlaba.

Ezi ndlela zobuchule aziqinisekisi ulawulo olupheleleyo kwiintlobo ezinamandla kakhulu, kodwa zinokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko.

Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo ekukhetheni nasekutyaleni imithi

• Ukukhetha iintlobo kuphela ngenxa yobuhle bazo, umthunzi, okanye iintyatyambo, ngaphandle kokuqwalasela ukuphuhliswa kweengcambu.
• Ukuzityala kufutshane nendlu, ichibi, imibhobho okanye iindonga ngaphandle kwesaziso sangaphambili.
• Ukungaphumeleli ukuhlonipha umgama omncinci okanye ukulindela ubungakanani bomthi oza kufikelela xa ukhulile.
• Zama ukuquka umthi omkhulu ngokuwutyala kwindawo encinane okanye emhadini womthi onganelanga.

Kubalulekile ukufumana ulwazi kunye neengcebiso phambi kokukhetha uhlobo oluthile lokunqanda iingxaki kwixesha elizayo.

Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ezinokubangelwa ziingcambu ezinobundlobongela

• Ukuphakanyiswa kweendledlana zeenyawo, imigangatho kunye neepavumente.
• Ukuqhekeka kweendonga zeqela kunye neziseko.
• Ukuvalwa kunye nokuqhekeka kwamanzi, igesi okanye imibhobho yogutyulo.
• Umonakalo kumadama okuqubha ngenxa yokuqhekeka okanye uxinzelelo olwenziwe kukukhula kweengcambu.
• Ukufa okanye umonakalo kwezinye izityalo ngenxa yokhuphiswano lwendawo, amanzi kunye nezondlo.
• Ukubonakala kwamahlumela akude, ngakumbi kwi-acacias kunye neentlobo ezihlaselayo.

Kutheni imithi yasezidolophini idala iindlela zokuhamba, amadama okuqubha okanye iindonga?

Ingxaki yeengcambu ezinobundlobongela ibonakala ngokukodwa kwi izitrato, intendelezo, iindawo zokupaka iimoto kunye nezitiya zasezidolophini apho ityalwe khona imithi;

• Ikufuphi kakhulu neziseko zophuhliso (iziseko, amadama, iindonga, imibhobho, njl.njl.)
• Kumhlaba oxineneyo okanye ongekho nzulu, kunyanzeliswa ukukhula okungaphaya okanye okusecaleni.
• Ngaphandle kokuthathela ingqalelo imilinganiselo enokubakho ekuvuthweni.

Iingcambu, kwinkqubo yazo yokwandisa, zifuna i iintanda zendalo okanye ezenziweyo ukusuka kokusingqongileyo. Ziyakwazi ukukhula nakwiindonga zezitena, iziseko, kunye nakwiintanda ezincinci kwimibhobho, ngakumbi ukuba ziva ukufuma. Xa befumana umthombo wamanzi okanye isichumiso, ukukhula kwabo kuyakhawuleza, nto leyo enokuguqula iintanda ezincinane zibe ngumonakalo omkhulu kwiminyaka nje embalwa.

Imigama ecetyiswayo phakathi kwemithi nezakhiwo

Qinisekisa i owona mgama wokutyala Kuxhomekeke kwiintlobo kunye nohlobo lweengcambu, kodwa kukho iingcebiso eziqhelekileyo zokunciphisa umngcipheko:

• Imithi emikhulu enengcambu ezindlongondlongo: I-10 ukuya kwi-20 yeemitha naso nasiphi na isakhiwo.
• Imithi ephakathi: I-6 ukuya kwi-10 yeemitha.
• Imithi yeziqhamo kunye nemithi emincinci: I-3 ukuya kwi-5 yeemitha Njengobuncinci.
• Kuphephe ukutyala imithi ngokuthe ngqo kwiindawo ezigangathiweyo okanye phakathi kweemitha ezi-2 zemibhobho namaqula.

Ihlala ikhethwa dibana nengcali okanye i-agronomist kwiimeko ezithile, ekubeni ukukhula kweengcambu kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kumhlaba, imozulu kunye neemeko zokunkcenkceshela.

Yintoni omele uyenze ukuba sele unomthi oneengcambu ezinobundlobongela?

• Ukuthena iingcambu kunye namasebe: Ukuthena kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela ngeengcebiso zobungcali kwaye kungakhethi buso, njengoko kunokuwenza buthathaka umthi okanye kubangele ukukhula kweengcambu ezihlaselayo ngakumbi.
• Ufakelo lwezithintelo ezibonakalayo: Beka ikhonkrithi, i-PVC, okanye izithintelo zezinto ezikhethekileyo malunga nomjikelezo womsele wokutyala ukuthintela ukwandiswa kwecala.
• Ukufuduswa okanye ukutshintshwa: Xa umonakalo ungenakuphepheka, kungcono ukutshintsha uhlobo kunye nolunye oluhambelana nendawo ekhoyo.
• Ukuthintela umonakalo kwimibhobho kunye namadama: Cinga ngokuphucula ufakelo oludala ngezinto ezixhathisa iingcambu kwaye ucwangcise iindlela kude neendawo ezinemithi emikhulu.

Iindlela zokunqanda ukukhula kweengcambu

Ezinye izisombululo ezisetyenziswa ngabalimi kunye nabalungisi bomhlaba ukunciphisa impembelelo yeengcambu ezinobundlobongela ziquka:

• Ufakelo lwemibhobho engcwatyiweyo okanye izixhobo zokutyala: Tyala imithi ngaphakathi kweetyhubhu zekhonkrithi okanye iimbiza ezinkulu ezigqunyiweyo ukukhokela ukukhula kweengcambu ukuya ezantsi, kude nomphezulu okanye kwizakhiwo ezikufutshane.
• Ukunkcenkceshela nzulu: Khuthaza uphuhliso lweengcambu zempompo kwaye ugweme ukunkcenkceshela komhlaba, okukhuthaza ukukhula okuthe tye.
• Iingcambu zothintelo: Umsele ojikelezayo ozaliswe ngezinto ezixineneyo, iiplastiki okanye amaphepha akhethekileyo, afakwe kubunzulu obufanelekileyo ngokweentlobo kunye nomhlaba.

Ezi ndlela zobuchule aziqinisekisi ulawulo olupheleleyo kwiintlobo ezinamandla kakhulu, kodwa zinokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko.

Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo ekukhetheni nasekutyaleni imithi

• Ukukhetha iintlobo kuphela ngenxa yobuhle bazo, umthunzi, okanye iintyatyambo, ngaphandle kokuqwalasela ukuphuhliswa kweengcambu.
• Ukuzityala kufutshane nendlu, ichibi, imibhobho okanye iindonga ngaphandle kwesaziso sangaphambili.
• Ukungaphumeleli ukuhlonipha umgama omncinci okanye ukulindela ubungakanani bomthi oza kufikelela xa ukhulile.
• Zama ukuquka umthi omkhulu ngokuwutyala kwindawo encinane okanye emhadini womthi onganelanga.

Kubalulekile ukufumana ulwazi kunye neengcebiso phambi kokukhetha uhlobo oluthile lokunqanda iingxaki kwixesha elizayo.

Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ezinokubangelwa ziingcambu ezinobundlobongela

• Ukuphakanyiswa kweendledlana zeenyawo, imigangatho kunye neepavumente.
• Ukuqhekeka kweendonga zeqela kunye neziseko.
• Ukuvalwa kunye nokuqhekeka kwamanzi, igesi okanye imibhobho yogutyulo.
• Umonakalo kumadama okuqubha ngenxa yokuqhekeka okanye uxinzelelo olwenziwe kukukhula kweengcambu.
• Ukufa okanye umonakalo kwezinye izityalo ngenxa yokhuphiswano lwendawo, amanzi kunye nezondlo.
• Ukubonakala kwamahlumela akude, ngakumbi kwi-acacias kunye neentlobo ezihlaselayo.

Kutheni imithi yasezidolophini idala iindlela zokuhamba, amadama okuqubha okanye iindonga?

Ingxaki yeengcambu ezinobundlobongela ibonakala ngokukodwa kwi izitrato, intendelezo, iindawo zokupaka iimoto kunye nezitiya zasezidolophini apho ityalwe khona imithi;

• Ikufuphi kakhulu neziseko zophuhliso (iziseko, amadama, iindonga, imibhobho, njl.njl.)
• Kumhlaba oxineneyo okanye ongekho nzulu, kunyanzeliswa ukukhula okungaphaya okanye okusecaleni.
• Ngaphandle kokuthathela ingqalelo imilinganiselo enokubakho ekuvuthweni.

Iingcambu, kwinkqubo yazo yokwandisa, zifuna i iintanda zendalo okanye ezenziweyo ukusuka kokusingqongileyo. Ziyakwazi ukukhula nakwiindonga zezitena, iziseko, kunye nakwiintanda ezincinci kwimibhobho, ngakumbi ukuba ziva ukufuma. Xa befumana umthombo wamanzi okanye isichumiso, ukukhula kwabo kuyakhawuleza, nto leyo enokuguqula iintanda ezincinane zibe ngumonakalo omkhulu kwiminyaka nje embalwa.

Imigama ecetyiswayo phakathi kwemithi nezakhiwo

Qinisekisa i owona mgama wokutyala Kuxhomekeke kwiintlobo kunye nohlobo lweengcambu, kodwa kukho iingcebiso eziqhelekileyo zokunciphisa umngcipheko:

• Imithi emikhulu enengcambu ezindlongondlongo: I-10 ukuya kwi-20 yeemitha naso nasiphi na isakhiwo.
• Imithi ephakathi: I-6 ukuya kwi-10 yeemitha.
• Imithi yeziqhamo kunye nemithi emincinci: I-3 ukuya kwi-5 yeemitha Njengobuncinci.
• Kuphephe ukutyala imithi ngokuthe ngqo kwiindawo ezigangathiweyo okanye phakathi kweemitha ezi-2 zemibhobho namaqula.

Ihlala ikhethwa dibana nengcali okanye i-agronomist kwiimeko ezithile, ekubeni ukukhula kweengcambu kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kumhlaba, imozulu kunye neemeko zokunkcenkceshela.

Yintoni omele uyenze ukuba sele unomthi oneengcambu ezinobundlobongela?

• Ukuthena iingcambu kunye namasebe: Ukuthena kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela ngeengcebiso zobungcali kwaye kungakhethi buso, njengoko kunokuwenza buthathaka umthi okanye kubangele ukukhula kweengcambu ezihlaselayo ngakumbi.
• Ufakelo lwezithintelo ezibonakalayo: Beka ikhonkrithi, i-PVC, okanye izithintelo zezinto ezikhethekileyo malunga nomjikelezo womsele wokutyala ukuthintela ukwandiswa kwecala.
• Ukufuduswa okanye ukutshintshwa: Xa umonakalo ungenakuphepheka, kungcono ukutshintsha uhlobo kunye nolunye oluhambelana nendawo ekhoyo.
• Ukuthintela umonakalo kwimibhobho kunye namadama: Cinga ngokuphucula ufakelo oludala ngezinto ezixhathisa iingcambu kwaye ucwangcise iindlela kude neendawo ezinemithi emikhulu.

Iindlela zokunqanda ukukhula kweengcambu

Ezinye izisombululo ezisetyenziswa ngabalimi kunye nabalungisi bomhlaba ukunciphisa impembelelo yeengcambu ezinobundlobongela ziquka:

• Ufakelo lwemibhobho engcwatyiweyo okanye izixhobo zokutyala: Tyala imithi ngaphakathi kweetyhubhu zekhonkrithi okanye iimbiza ezinkulu ezigqunyiweyo ukukhokela ukukhula kweengcambu ukuya ezantsi, kude nomphezulu okanye kwizakhiwo ezikufutshane.
• Ukunkcenkceshela nzulu: Khuthaza uphuhliso lweengcambu zempompo kwaye ugweme ukunkcenkceshela komhlaba, okukhuthaza ukukhula okuthe tye.
• Iingcambu zothintelo: Umsele ojikelezayo ozaliswe ngezinto ezixineneyo, iiplastiki okanye amaphepha akhethekileyo, afakwe kubunzulu obufanelekileyo ngokweentlobo kunye nomhlaba.

Ezi ndlela zobuchule aziqinisekisi ulawulo olupheleleyo kwiintlobo ezinamandla kakhulu, kodwa zinokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko.

Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo ekukhetheni nasekutyaleni imithi

• Ukukhetha iintlobo kuphela ngenxa yobuhle bazo, umthunzi, okanye iintyatyambo, ngaphandle kokuqwalasela ukuphuhliswa kweengcambu.
• Ukuzityala kufutshane nendlu, ichibi, imibhobho okanye iindonga ngaphandle kwesaziso sangaphambili.
• Ukungaphumeleli ukuhlonipha umgama omncinci okanye ukulindela ubungakanani bomthi oza kufikelela xa ukhulile.
• Zama ukuquka umthi omkhulu ngokuwutyala kwindawo encinane okanye emhadini womthi onganelanga.

Kubalulekile ukufumana ulwazi kunye neengcebiso phambi kokukhetha uhlobo oluthile lokunqanda iingxaki kwixesha elizayo.

Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ezinokubangelwa ziingcambu ezinobundlobongela

• Ukuphakanyiswa kweendledlana zeenyawo, imigangatho kunye neepavumente.
• Ukuqhekeka kweendonga zeqela kunye neziseko.
• Ukuvalwa kunye nokuqhekeka kwamanzi, igesi okanye imibhobho yogutyulo.
• Umonakalo kumadama okuqubha ngenxa yokuqhekeka okanye uxinzelelo olwenziwe kukukhula kweengcambu.
• Ukufa okanye umonakalo kwezinye izityalo ngenxa yokhuphiswano lwendawo, amanzi kunye nezondlo.
• Ukubonakala kwamahlumela akude, ngakumbi kwi-acacias kunye neentlobo ezihlaselayo.

Kutheni imithi yasezidolophini idala iindlela zokuhamba, amadama okuqubha okanye iindonga?

Ingxaki yeengcambu ezinobundlobongela ibonakala ngokukodwa kwi izitrato, intendelezo, iindawo zokupaka iimoto kunye nezitiya zasezidolophini apho ityalwe khona imithi;

• Ikufuphi kakhulu neziseko zophuhliso (iziseko, amadama, iindonga, imibhobho, njl.njl.)
• Kumhlaba oxineneyo okanye ongekho nzulu, kunyanzeliswa ukukhula okungaphaya okanye okusecaleni.
• Ngaphandle kokuthathela ingqalelo imilinganiselo enokubakho ekuvuthweni.

Iingcambu, kwinkqubo yazo yokwandisa, zifuna i iintanda zendalo okanye ezenziweyo ukusuka kokusingqongileyo. Ziyakwazi ukukhula nakwiindonga zezitena, iziseko, kunye nakwiintanda ezincinci kwimibhobho, ngakumbi ukuba ziva ukufuma. Xa befumana umthombo wamanzi okanye isichumiso, ukukhula kwabo kuyakhawuleza, nto leyo enokuguqula iintanda ezincinane zibe ngumonakalo omkhulu kwiminyaka nje embalwa.

Imigama ecetyiswayo phakathi kwemithi nezakhiwo

Qinisekisa i owona mgama wokutyala Kuxhomekeke kwiintlobo kunye nohlobo lweengcambu, kodwa kukho iingcebiso eziqhelekileyo zokunciphisa umngcipheko:

• Imithi emikhulu enengcambu ezindlongondlongo: I-10 ukuya kwi-20 yeemitha naso nasiphi na isakhiwo.
• Imithi ephakathi: I-6 ukuya kwi-10 yeemitha.
• Imithi yeziqhamo kunye nemithi emincinci: I-3 ukuya kwi-5 yeemitha Njengobuncinci.
• Kuphephe ukutyala imithi ngokuthe ngqo kwiindawo ezigangathiweyo okanye phakathi kweemitha ezi-2 zemibhobho namaqula.

Ihlala ikhethwa dibana nengcali okanye i-agronomist kwiimeko ezithile, ekubeni ukukhula kweengcambu kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kumhlaba, imozulu kunye neemeko zokunkcenkceshela.

Yintoni omele uyenze ukuba sele unomthi oneengcambu ezinobundlobongela?

• Ukuthena iingcambu kunye namasebe: Ukuthena kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela ngeengcebiso zobungcali kwaye kungakhethi buso, njengoko kunokuwenza buthathaka umthi okanye kubangele ukukhula kweengcambu ezihlaselayo ngakumbi.
• Ufakelo lwezithintelo ezibonakalayo: Beka ikhonkrithi, i-PVC, okanye izithintelo zezinto ezikhethekileyo malunga nomjikelezo womsele wokutyala ukuthintela ukwandiswa kwecala.
• Ukufuduswa okanye ukutshintshwa: Xa umonakalo ungenakuphepheka, kungcono ukutshintsha uhlobo kunye nolunye oluhambelana nendawo ekhoyo.
• Ukuthintela umonakalo kwimibhobho kunye namadama: Cinga ngokuphucula ufakelo oludala ngezinto ezixhathisa iingcambu kwaye ucwangcise iindlela kude neendawo ezinemithi emikhulu.

Iindlela zokunqanda ukukhula kweengcambu

Ezinye izisombululo ezisetyenziswa ngabalimi kunye nabalungisi bomhlaba ukunciphisa impembelelo yeengcambu ezinobundlobongela ziquka:

• Ufakelo lwemibhobho engcwatyiweyo okanye izixhobo zokutyala: Tyala imithi ngaphakathi kweetyhubhu zekhonkrithi okanye iimbiza ezinkulu ezigqunyiweyo ukukhokela ukukhula kweengcambu ukuya ezantsi, kude nomphezulu okanye kwizakhiwo ezikufutshane.
• Ukunkcenkceshela nzulu: Khuthaza uphuhliso lweengcambu zempompo kwaye ugweme ukunkcenkceshela komhlaba, okukhuthaza ukukhula okuthe tye.
• Iingcambu zothintelo: Umsele ojikelezayo ozaliswe ngezinto ezixineneyo, iiplastiki okanye amaphepha akhethekileyo, afakwe kubunzulu obufanelekileyo ngokweentlobo kunye nomhlaba.

Ezi ndlela zobuchule aziqinisekisi ulawulo olupheleleyo kwiintlobo ezinamandla kakhulu, kodwa zinokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko.

Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo ekukhetheni nasekutyaleni imithi

• Ukukhetha iintlobo kuphela ngenxa yobuhle bazo, umthunzi, okanye iintyatyambo, ngaphandle kokuqwalasela ukuphuhliswa kweengcambu.
• Ukuzityala kufutshane nendlu, ichibi, imibhobho okanye iindonga ngaphandle kwesaziso sangaphambili.
• Ukungaphumeleli ukuhlonipha umgama omncinci okanye ukulindela ubungakanani bomthi oza kufikelela xa ukhulile.
• Zama ukuquka umthi omkhulu ngokuwutyala kwindawo encinane okanye emhadini womthi onganelanga.

Kubalulekile ukufumana ulwazi kunye neengcebiso phambi kokukhetha uhlobo oluthile lokunqanda iingxaki kwixesha elizayo.

Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ezinokubangelwa ziingcambu ezinobundlobongela

• Ukuphakanyiswa kweendledlana zeenyawo, imigangatho kunye neepavumente.
• Ukuqhekeka kweendonga zeqela kunye neziseko.
• Ukuvalwa kunye nokuqhekeka kwamanzi, igesi okanye imibhobho yogutyulo.
• Umonakalo kumadama okuqubha ngenxa yokuqhekeka okanye uxinzelelo olwenziwe kukukhula kweengcambu.
• Ukufa okanye umonakalo kwezinye izityalo ngenxa yokhuphiswano lwendawo, amanzi kunye nezondlo.
• Ukubonakala kwamahlumela akude, ngakumbi kwi-acacias kunye neentlobo ezihlaselayo.

Kutheni imithi yasezidolophini idala iindlela zokuhamba, amadama okuqubha okanye iindonga?

Ingxaki yeengcambu ezinobundlobongela ibonakala ngokukodwa kwi izitrato, intendelezo, iindawo zokupaka iimoto kunye nezitiya zasezidolophini apho ityalwe khona imithi;

• Ikufuphi kakhulu neziseko zophuhliso (iziseko, amadama, iindonga, imibhobho, njl.njl.)
• Kumhlaba oxineneyo okanye ongekho nzulu, kunyanzeliswa ukukhula okungaphaya okanye okusecaleni.
• Ngaphandle kokuthathela ingqalelo imilinganiselo enokubakho ekuvuthweni.

Iingcambu, kwinkqubo yazo yokwandisa, zifuna i iintanda zendalo okanye ezenziweyo ukusuka kokusingqongileyo. Ziyakwazi ukukhula nakwiindonga zezitena, iziseko, kunye nakwiintanda ezincinci kwimibhobho, ngakumbi ukuba ziva ukufuma. Xa befumana umthombo wamanzi okanye isichumiso, ukukhula kwabo kuyakhawuleza, nto leyo enokuguqula iintanda ezincinane zibe ngumonakalo omkhulu kwiminyaka nje embalwa.

Imigama ecetyiswayo phakathi kwemithi nezakhiwo

Qinisekisa i owona mgama wokutyala Kuxhomekeke kwiintlobo kunye nohlobo lweengcambu, kodwa kukho iingcebiso eziqhelekileyo zokunciphisa umngcipheko:

• Imithi emikhulu enengcambu ezindlongondlongo: I-10 ukuya kwi-20 yeemitha naso nasiphi na isakhiwo.
• Imithi ephakathi: I-6 ukuya kwi-10 yeemitha.
• Imithi yeziqhamo kunye nemithi emincinci: I-3 ukuya kwi-5 yeemitha Njengobuncinci.
• Kuphephe ukutyala imithi ngokuthe ngqo kwiindawo ezigangathiweyo okanye phakathi kweemitha ezi-2 zemibhobho namaqula.

Ihlala ikhethwa dibana nengcali okanye i-agronomist kwiimeko ezithile, ekubeni ukukhula kweengcambu kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kumhlaba, imozulu kunye neemeko zokunkcenkceshela.

Yintoni omele uyenze ukuba sele unomthi oneengcambu ezinobundlobongela?

• Ukuthena iingcambu kunye namasebe: Ukuthena kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela ngeengcebiso zobungcali kwaye kungakhethi buso, njengoko kunokuwenza buthathaka umthi okanye kubangele ukukhula kweengcambu ezihlaselayo ngakumbi.
• Ufakelo lwezithintelo ezibonakalayo: Beka ikhonkrithi, i-PVC, okanye izithintelo zezinto ezikhethekileyo malunga nomjikelezo womsele wokutyala ukuthintela ukwandiswa kwecala.
• Ukufuduswa okanye ukutshintshwa: Xa umonakalo ungenakuphepheka, kungcono ukutshintsha uhlobo kunye nolunye oluhambelana nendawo ekhoyo.
• Ukuthintela umonakalo kwimibhobho kunye namadama: Cinga ngokuphucula ufakelo oludala ngezinto ezixhathisa iingcambu kwaye ucwangcise iindlela kude neendawo ezinemithi emikhulu.

Iindlela zokunqanda ukukhula kweengcambu

Ezinye izisombululo ezisetyenziswa ngabalimi kunye nabalungisi bomhlaba ukunciphisa impembelelo yeengcambu ezinobundlobongela ziquka:

• Ufakelo lwemibhobho engcwatyiweyo okanye izixhobo zokutyala: Tyala imithi ngaphakathi kweetyhubhu zekhonkrithi okanye iimbiza ezinkulu ezigqunyiweyo ukukhokela ukukhula kweengcambu ukuya ezantsi, kude nomphezulu okanye kwizakhiwo ezikufutshane.
• Ukunkcenkceshela nzulu: Khuthaza uphuhliso lweengcambu zempompo kwaye ugweme ukunkcenkceshela komhlaba, okukhuthaza ukukhula okuthe tye.
• Iingcambu zothintelo: Umsele ojikelezayo ozaliswe ngezinto ezixineneyo, iiplastiki okanye amaphepha akhethekileyo, afakwe kubunzulu obufanelekileyo ngokweentlobo kunye nomhlaba.

Ezi ndlela zobuchule aziqinisekisi ulawulo olupheleleyo kwiintlobo ezinamandla kakhulu, kodwa zinokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko.

Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo ekukhetheni nasekutyaleni imithi

• Ukukhetha iintlobo kuphela ngenxa yobuhle bazo, umthunzi, okanye iintyatyambo, ngaphandle kokuqwalasela ukuphuhliswa kweengcambu.
• Ukuzityala kufutshane nendlu, ichibi, imibhobho okanye iindonga ngaphandle kwesaziso sangaphambili.
• Ukungaphumeleli ukuhlonipha umgama omncinci okanye ukulindela ubungakanani bomthi oza kufikelela xa ukhulile.
• Zama ukuquka umthi omkhulu ngokuwutyala kwindawo encinane okanye emhadini womthi onganelanga.

Kubalulekile ukufumana ulwazi kunye neengcebiso phambi kokukhetha uhlobo oluthile lokunqanda iingxaki kwixesha elizayo.

Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ezinokubangelwa ziingcambu ezinobundlobongela

• Ukuphakanyiswa kweendledlana zeenyawo, imigangatho kunye neepavumente.
• Ukuqhekeka kweendonga zeqela kunye neziseko.
• Ukuvalwa kunye nokuqhekeka kwamanzi, igesi okanye imibhobho yogutyulo.
• Umonakalo kumadama okuqubha ngenxa yokuqhekeka okanye uxinzelelo olwenziwe kukukhula kweengcambu.
• Ukufa okanye umonakalo kwezinye izityalo ngenxa yokhuphiswano lwendawo, amanzi kunye nezondlo.
• Ukubonakala kwamahlumela akude, ngakumbi kwi-acacias kunye neentlobo ezihlaselayo.

Kutheni imithi yasezidolophini idala iindlela zokuhamba, amadama okuqubha okanye iindonga?

Ingxaki yeengcambu ezinobundlobongela ibonakala ngokukodwa kwi izitrato, intendelezo, iindawo zokupaka iimoto kunye nezitiya zasezidolophini apho ityalwe khona imithi;

• Ikufuphi kakhulu neziseko zophuhliso (iziseko, amadama, iindonga, imibhobho, njl.njl.)
• Kumhlaba oxineneyo okanye ongekho nzulu, kunyanzeliswa ukukhula okungaphaya okanye okusecaleni.
• Ngaphandle kokuthathela ingqalelo imilinganiselo enokubakho ekuvuthweni.

Iingcambu, kwinkqubo yazo yokwandisa, zifuna i iintanda zendalo okanye ezenziweyo ukusuka kokusingqongileyo. Ziyakwazi ukukhula nakwiindonga zezitena, iziseko, kunye nakwiintanda ezincinci kwimibhobho, ngakumbi ukuba ziva ukufuma. Xa befumana umthombo wamanzi okanye isichumiso, ukukhula kwabo kuyakhawuleza, nto leyo enokuguqula iintanda ezincinane zibe ngumonakalo omkhulu kwiminyaka nje embalwa.

Funda ngakumbi ngeengcambu zemithi