Imithi eBomvu ekwindla: IsiKhokelo esiGqibeleleyo kwiintlobo, ukuKhathalela, kunye neeNgcebiso

Fumana imithi ebomvu ekwindla: iintlobo, inkathalo, kunye neenzuzo

Imithi ebomvu ekwindla Baye baba ngabalinganiswa bokwenyani bembonakalo yomhlaba ngenxa yemibala yabo ebukhali, ukusuka kobomvu ukuya komfusa ukuya kuorenji. Le miboniso yendalo, ukongezelela ekuhombiseni izitrato, iipaki, nezitiya, inegalelo kwizinto ezahlukahlukeneyo eziphilayo nempilo yendawo ehlala ezidolophini neyasemaphandleni. Ngezantsi, sihlolisisa iimpawu zabo, iintlobo eziphawulekayo, ukhathalelo oluyimfuneko, kunye neengcebiso ezisebenzayo zokwenza uninzi lobukho babo.

Kutheni imithi ijika ibebomvu ekwindla?

Ngexesha lasekwindla, imithi emininzi evuthulukayo ibonisa utshintsho olumangalisayo kumbala wamagqabi ayo, ukusuka eluhlaza ukuya kumthubi, orenji, bomvu nzulu kunye nemfusa. Esi siphumo sibangelwa yinkqubo ye-senescence, apho i-chlorophyll (i-pigment enika umbala oluhlaza) iyancipha kwaye inike indlela kwezinye i-pigments ezifana carotenoids kunye i-anthocyaninsAba bamva banoxanduva lwezona zibomvu ezibomvu kunye neemfusa.

Las i-anthocyanins Ziyandisa imveliso yazo ngenxa yokutshintsha kwamaqondo obushushu, ukukhanya kwelanga okuncitshisiweyo, kunye nezinye iimeko zokusingqongileyo, zinceda ukukhusela amagqabi kwingqele kunye nokukhanya okugqithisileyo ngaphambi kokuwa. Ngaphaya koko, umbala obomvu ukwanceda ukukhusela izicubu zamagqabi kwaye uthintele izitshabalalisi ezinokubakho kunye nezilwanyana ezitya izityalo.

Iintlobo eziphambili zemithi ebomvu ekwindla

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphuma ngaphandle ngenxa yamagqabi abomvu abukekayo ekwindla. Nazi ezinye zezona zixatyiswe kakhulu ngobuhle bazo, ukuqina, kunye nokulula ukulima:

• Imephu ebomvuIarcer yerum)Idume kakhulu kwiipaki kunye negadi ngenxa yombala wayo obukhali. Iqinile, ilula emhlabeni, kwaye iyamelana neqabaka.
• Imephu yaseJapan (Acer palmatum)Amagqabi ayo acolekileyo, anesundu aguquka ukusuka eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukuya kutsho kumbala ochumileyo obomvu, orenji, nomfusa ekwindla. Ilungele iindawo ezincinci kunye nezitiya zaseJapan.
• Northern red oak (Iquercus rubra): Isigebenga esihombisekileyo esinesithsaba sobungangamsha kunye namagqabi ajikekileyo ajika ukusuka kumbala oluhlaza ukuya kubomvu obunzulu kunye noorenji.
• IswitiI-Liquidambar styraciflua): Umthi wokuhombisa ngokugqwesileyo, amahlamvu awo atshintsha phakathi komthubi, orenji, obomvu, nomfusa. Ifuna indawo kunye nokukhanya.
• Imithi eneziqhamo ezibomvuIindidi ezininzi zithwala iziqhamo ezihambisana nobuhle bazo basekwindla, zikwabonelela ngokutya kwezilwanyana zasendle.
• Amatyholo olondolozo oluphantsi Njenge photinia, zikwabonisa amagqabi abomvu ekwindla kwaye aziqhelanise neendawo ezahlukeneyo.
• Imithi yeegadi ezincinci ngamahlamvu abomvu ekwindla anokuthi alungele iindawo ezincinci.
• imithi yaseJapan njengemaple yepalmatum, banika uluhlu olumangalisayo lwemibala ekwindla.

Iimpawu kunye neenzuzo zemithi ebomvu ekwindla

• Umboniso obonakalayo: Banikezela ngeendawo ezintle zomhlaba kwaye bangumzobo wokufota kunye nabathanda ukhenketho lwendalo.
• Ukucoca umoya kunye ne-oxygen: Banegalelo ekuphuculeni umgangatho womoya kunye nokulawula ukushisa.
• Indawo yokusabela yezilwanyana zasendle: I-canopies yazo ibonelela ngendawo yokuhlala kunye nokutya kweentaka, izinambuzane kunye nezilwanyana ezincinci.
• Ixabiso lomfuziselo: Kwiinkcubeko kwihlabathi jikelele, igqabi elibomvu limela inguqu, ukuhlaziywa, kunye nokomelela.
• Ukusetyenziswa kokuhombisa kunye nemveliso: Ukongeza kumsebenzi wabo wokuhlobisa, iintlobo ezifana ne-oki ebomvu zibonelela ngokhuni olusemgangathweni kunye nomthunzi kwiigadi kunye neepaki.

Ukunyamekela okusisiseko kwemithi ebomvu ekwindla

Ukwindla ngumzuzu obalulekileyo ukuqinisekisa impilo kunye nombala wale mithi. Nangona iintlobo ezininzi zomelele, ukulandela ezi zikhokelo kuya kwandisa ubomi bazo kwaye kuphucule ubuhle bazo:

1. Indawo efanelekileyo, ukukhanya kunye nobushushu

• Ukukhanya kwelanga: Uninzi lufuna ilanga elipheleleyo okanye i-semi-shade ukufezekisa ubukhulu bemibala emagqabini.
• Ubushushu: Zikhetha imozulu epholileyo kwaye zinyamezela iqabaka ephakathi. Qaphela ukukhusela iintlobo ezibuthathaka njengemaple yaseJapan emoyeni.
• Ukukhuselwa kwingqele enkulu: Kwiindawo ezinobusika obunzima, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhusele iisampuli ezincinci okanye ezinobuthathaka kunye ne-mulch kwisiseko kunye ne-windbreaks.

2. Ukunkcenkceshela: rhoqo kunye nendlela

• Ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo kwiminyaka yokuqala ukukhuthaza ingcambu. Yakuba imisiwe, abaninzi bayayinyamezela imbalela elinganiselweyo.
• Ngamaxesha embalela, amanzi nzulu kanye okanye kabini ngeveki, ukuphepha ama-puddles anokubangela izifo zengcambu.
• Ukusebenzisa i-mulch ejikeleze isiqu kunceda ukugcina ukufuma.

3. Umhlaba, ukuchumisa kunye ne-substrate

• Uhlobo lomgangatho: Zikhetha umhlaba oneasidi kancinane, otsalwe kakuhle otyebileyo kwizinto eziphilayo.
• I-pH efanelekileyo: Phakathi kwe-5.5 kunye ne-6.5 yeentlobo ezifana ne-oki ebomvu okanye i-maple yaseJapan.
• Ukuchumisa: Faka isichumiso se-organic okanye esicothayo entwasahlobo kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, okwesibini ekuqaleni kokuwa.
• Kuphephe ukuchumisa ekupheleni kokwindla nasebusika ukunqanda ukuvuselela amahlumela angevani nokubanda.

4. Ukuthenwa nokulondolozwa

• Ukuthena okulula ebusika ukubumba umthi nokususa amasebe afileyo, awonakeleyo okanye anqamlezileyo.
• Kwiintlobo ezikhula ngokukhawuleza, ezifana ne-Autumn Blaze maple, lawula isakhiwo ukuthintela ukuphuka komoya.
• Kwimithi yokuhlobisa kunye nezihlahla, ukuthenwa konyaka kunceda ukugcina imbonakalo yabo yokuhlobisa.

5. Izinambuzane kunye nezifo: uthintelo kunye nonyango

• Izinambuzane eziphambili: Amangolwane, iintwala, i- mealybugs kunye ne-screwworms.
• Izifo zokungunda: I-Powdery mildew, i-verticillium wilt, kunye namabala amagqabi. Ukuphucula ukungena komoya kunye nokususa amagqabi awileyo kunceda ukuthintela.
• Unyango lwe-organic olufana ne-neem oil kunye ne-fungicides lunokuba luncedo kwimeko yohlaselo.

6. Elinye icebiso nenkathalo

• Okufakwe: Faka umaleko we-5-10 cm ye-organic mulch ejikeleze isiqu ekwindla. Oku kukhusela iingcambu kunye nokugcina ukufuma.
• Kuphephe ukuvumela i-mulch ichukumise ngqo isiqu ukuthintela umngundo kunye nezinambuzane.
• Kwiimbiza, sebenzisa izikhongozeli ezinkulu, ezifakwe kakuhle, hlaziya umhlaba rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-2-3, kwaye ukhusele imbiza kwingqele enzima.
• Ukuba kukho imimoya ebhudla ngamandla, xhasa imizekelo emincinci ngeziteki.

Iphepha leenyani kunye neengcebiso zeentlobo zemifuziselo

Imephu ebomvuIarcer yerum)

• Ukuphakama: Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-15-20 yeemitha.
• Ukukhanya: Ilanga eligcweleyo, linyamezela umthunzi othile.
• Unkcenkceshelo: Phakathi, ukuphepha ukuzinza.
• Ukuprintwa: Ebusika ekupheleni okanye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
• Izinambuzane: Ngokuqhelekileyo iyaxhathisa, kodwa i-aphid kunye ne-mealybugs zinokuvela.

Imephu yaseJapan (Acer palmatum)

• Ukuphakama: Ukususela kwi-2 ukuya kwi-7 yeemitha (kuxhomekeke kwiindidi).
• Ukukhanya: Ukukhanya okuhluziweyo okanye umthunzi ophakathi, thintela ilanga elibukhali.
• Unkcenkceshelo: Gcina i-substrate ifumile, ngaphandle kokukhukula.
• Ukupasa: Ikhethekileyo kwizityalo ze-acidophilic, entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni.
• Izifo: Inovelwano kwi-verticillium wilt kunye nokubola kweengcambu ngenxa yamanzi amaninzi.

Northern red oak (Iquercus rubra)

• Ukuphakama: Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-25-30 yeemitha.
• Ukukhanya: Ilanga eligcweleyo.
• Umhlaba: Ikhutshiwe kakuhle, ikhetha ukuba ne-asidi kancinane.
• Unkcenkceshelo: Nkcenkceshela kuphela ehlotyeni elomileyo kakhulu okanye elisandula ukutyalwa.
• Ukuprintwa: Ekwindla okanye ebusika ukususa amasebe awelayo.
• Inzuzo: Ukumelana nezifo kunye nezinambuzane, inyamezela ungcoliseko kunye netyuwa.

IswitiI-Liquidambar styraciflua)

• Ukuphakama: Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-40 yeemitha.
• Ukukhanya: Ilanga eligcweleyo.
• Unkcenkceshelo: Ifuna ukufuma rhoqo kunyaka wokuqala.
• Izinambuzane: Ngokuqhelekileyo yomelele, nangona inokuhlaselwa zizinambuzane ezihlafunayo.

Ezinye iintlobo ezidumileyo ezinamaqabunga abomvu ekwindla

• Umthi weAmber (sweetgum orietalis): Iyafana ne-American sweetgum kodwa inamagqabi amaninzi achetyiweyo.
• I-sumac yaseVirginia (URhus typhina): Ngamagqabi adibeneyo ajika abebomvu kunye nomfusa ekwindla.
• Ingqolowa yamahashe (I-Aesculus hippocastanum): Inika amagqabi amakhulu ajika abomvu kunye negolide.
• Umsipres onempandla (I-taxodium distichum): Imela umbala obomvu wamagqabi ayo ngaphambi kokuwa.

Ukusetyenziswa komhlaba, inkcubeko kunye nemiqondiso

Imithi ebomvu ekwindla iyaxabiswa zombini ngokuhlobisa kunye nenkcubeko. Ukongeza ekuphuculeni izitiya kunye neendawo zoluntu, zifanekisela ukomelela, ukuguqulwa, kunye nokuguquguquka. Kwinkcubeko yaseJapan, umzekelo, i momiji (Imaple yaseJapan) imele ubuhle bexeshana kwaye iminyhadala ibanjelwa ukubukela amagqabi awayo.

Kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi, i-maple, i-oki kunye namahlathi e-sweetgum atsala ukhenketho "lwamagqabi abomvu", olunegalelo kuqoqosho lwengingqi. Ngaphaya koko, ubukho bazo bonyusa iyantlukwano yebhayoloji kwaye buphucula umgangatho wobomi basezidolophini, njengoko bebonelela ngekhusi kunye nokutya kwiintlobo ezininzi zezityalo.

Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo ekunyamekeleni imithi ebomvu ekwindla kunye nendlela yokuphepha ngayo

• Ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo: Inokubangela ukubola kweengcambu. Jonga i-drainage kwaye unciphise amaxesha okunkcenkceshela ngexesha lemvula enkulu.
• Ukuthenwa ngendlela engafanelekanga: Ukuthena kakhulu okanye ngexesha elingafanelekanga kunokubangela uxinzelelo kunye nokunciphisa ubukhulu bemibala yasekwindla.
• Imihlaba enealkaline: Iintlobo ezininzi zibonisa i-chlorosis ukuba i-pH iphezulu kakhulu. Ukongeza izilungiso ezineasidi kunokuba luncedo.
• Indawo engalunganga: Khetha indawo efanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kukukhanya kunye neemfuno zomoya zohlobo ngalunye.
• Ukuchumisa kade: Kuphephe ukuchumisa ekupheleni kwekwindla okanye ebusika ukunqanda ukukhula kwamahlumelo asengozini yokubanda.

Imithi ebomvu kwiheji kunye nezitiya ezincinci

Ayiyiyo yonke imithi enamagqabi abomvu efuna i-acreage enkulu. Izihlahla ezifana ne-fotonia okanye iintlobo ezincinci zemaple yaseJapan kunye ne-cornus Zingakhuliswa kwiigadi zasezidolophini, kwi-terraces, okanye nakwiimbiza. Zifanelekile njengeheji, izithintelo ezibonakalayo, okanye iindawo ekugxilwe kuzo ngenxa yombala wazo kunye nokuphatha ngokulula. Khumbula ukugcina ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo, ukuthena ukukhanya, kunye ne-substrate efanelekileyo.

Indlela yokuTyala kunye nokuTshintsha iMithi yeRedwood ekwindla

1. Khetha indawo efanelekileyo, enendawo eyaneleyo yokukhula kwesithsaba kunye nophuhliso lweengcambu.
2. Lungisa umhlaba ngomngxuma olingana nesisa, utyebisa umhlaba ngezinto eziphilayo.
3. Beka umthi kwinqanaba elifanayo kuleyo yayikwisikhongozelo sokuqala okanye kwindawo yokugcina abantwana.
4. Gcwalisa kwaye udibanise ngobumnene umhlaba ukuphelisa iipokotho zomoya.
5. Faka isicelo se ukunkcenkceshela nzulu emva kokutyala kwaye usasaze umaleko we-mulch ukugcina ukufuma kunye nobushushu.
6. Ngomnyaka wokuqala, amanzi kanye okanye kabini ngeveki kuxhomekeke kwimozulu.

Ukuwa lelinye lawona maxesha alungileyo ukutyala imithi evuthulukayo, njengoko ithatha ithuba lemvula kunye nokuncipha komphunga, ukuseka iingcambu phambi kokubanda okukhulu.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo malunga neMithi eBomvu ekwindla

• Ngaba imithi ye-redwood iyahlasela? Njengazo naziphi na iindidi, zinokuvelisa amahlumela azenzekelayo (izithole) kwiigadi, kodwa azithathwa njengezinto eziphazamisayo kwiimeko ezininzi.
• Ngaba zitsala izilwanyana zasendle? Ewe, ngakumbi iintaka nezilwanyana ezanyisayo ezincinci ezitya imbewu kwaye zisebenzisa i-canopy njengendawo yokusabela.
• Ngaba zinokutyalwa kufutshane nezindlu? Kungcono ukugcina umgama okhuselekileyo ubuncinane beemitha ezi-6-10, ngokukodwa kunye neentlobo ezinkulu ezifana ne-oki ebomvu.
• Ngaba zinokukhuliswa kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo? Ezinye iintlobo ziqhelaniswa nemozulu epholileyo, ngelixa ezinye ziqhelana nemozulu epholileyo. Ukuba imozulu yakho ishushu kakhulu, khetha iintlobo zeemaple zaseJapan ezikhula kakuhle kumthunzi kwaye uzikhusele elangeni elibukhali.

Ukudibanisa imithi ebomvu-amahlamvu ekwindla Kwindawo yakho, lutyalo-mali kubuhle, kwizinto eziphilayo, kunye nokuphila kakuhle. Kulula ukuzigcina ukuba iimfuno zabo ezisisiseko ziyahlonitshwa, kwaye ngokubuyisela, baya kukubonelela ngombono okhethekileyo wombala kunye nobomi bendalo minyaka yonke.

Inqaku elidibeneyo:

Isikhokelo esibanzi semithi ethwala amaqunube kunye nezihlahla: ezityiwayo neziyityhefu, ukuchongwa, kunye neengcebiso zesitiya sakho.