Ilex Holly: Iimpawu, ukhathalelo, iintlobo ngeentlobo kunye neeMfihlo zokuLima ngempumelelo

Inkcazo ngokubanzi ye-Ilex holly

Holly, ngokwesayensi eyaziwa ngokuba Ilex aquifolium, Sisihlahla okanye umthi omncinci ohlala uluhlaza onomtsalane omkhulu wokuhombisa, odume ngamagqabi awo abengezelayo, apinki kunye neziqhamo zawo ezibomvu ezibukhali. Iyeyosapho lwe-Aquifoliaceae kwaye inzalelwane yalo IYurophu, iNtshona Asia kunye noMntla Afrika. Iyaziwa ngamagama amaninzi, kuquka holly, ukhula okanye cardonera.

• Igama eliqhelekileyo: Holly
• Igama lezesayensi: Ilex aquifolium
• Usapho: Aquifoliaceae
• Imvelaphi: EYurophu, kuMntla Afrika, eNtshona Asia
• Indawo: Ngokukhethekileyo ngaphandle, ilungele iigadi, iheji kunye neembiza ezinkulu
• Ukukhanya: Ithanda i-semi-shade, nangona iyalinyamezela ilanga kwimozulu epholileyo.
• Ubushushu: Imelana nengqele kakuhle kakhulu, kuquka nobukho beqabaka, kwaye imelana namaqondo obushushu aphantsi kakhulu.
• Unkcenkceshelo: Iphakathi ukuya kuninzi, kuxhomekeke kwixesha lonyaka
• Ukupasa: Ityebile kwinitrogen, ngakumbi ngexesha lokukhula. I-mulch ebusika.

Iimpawu zeBotanical zeholly

UHolly sisihlahla esikhula kancinci leyo, ekuhambeni kweminyaka, inokufikelela kubude ukuya kuthi ga kwishumi okanye nakwishumi elinesihlanu leemitha kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kwiigadi okanye kwiimbiza, ukubonakala kwayo kuhambelana ngakumbi. Ibonisa a isithsaba esishinyeneyo kunye nephiramidi Kwimeko yayo encinci, ivula ngokukhula. Isiqu sayo sithe tye, sinexolo eligudileyo, eliluhlaza-ngwevu, lisiba ngwevu kwaye libe rhabaxa njengoko likhula.

Amagqabi we holly are Ihlala iluhlaza, iluthwathwa, imenyezelayo kwaye iluhlaza mnyama kumphezulu ongentlaUbume bayo bune-oval ene-wavy edges kunye ne-spines eyomeleleyo, ngakumbi kumasebe asezantsi okanye imizekelo emincinci. Le miqolo lukhuselo lwendalo. ngokuchasene namarhamncwa atya utyaniKumasebe amadala, amade, amagqabi ahlala ephulukana neminye yemiqolo yawo, abe mcaba kwaye agudileyo.

Kukho iintlobo ze-holly ezinamahlamvu e-variegated, ebonisa ukhilimu, umthubi, okanye imida yesilivere, eyandisa ixabiso labo lokuhombisa. Ezinye zezi nguqu zibangelwa kukuguquka kwemvelo okanye usulelo lwentsholongwane enobungozi.

Iintyatyambo kunye neziqhamo: indlela yokwahlula i-holly yamadoda nabasetyhini?

Ingcwele luhlobo lwe-dioecious, okuthetha ukuba kukho imizekelo yamadoda nabasetyhini. ezincinci, ezimhlophe, iintyatyambo ezivelisa ubusi Zivela entwasahlobo, kwaye ezo zezityalo zasetyhini zizo ezithi kamva zibe zidumileyo. amaqunube abomvu, orenji okanye atyheli ekwindla nasebusika. La maqunube ahombisa kakhulu, Ziyityhefu ebantwini nakwizilwanyana zasekhaya, kodwa zingumthombo wokutya osisiseko kwiintlobo ezininzi zeentaka, nto leyo efak’ isandla ekusasazweni kwembewu yazo ngokwendalo.

Ukufumana iziqhamo kubalulekile ukuba nazo kunye nesampulu yamadoda nemazi kufutshane, ekubeni ukudluliselwa kwepoleni ngokuqhelekileyo kuxhomekeke emoyeni okanye kwizinambuzane. Kwiigadi ezincinci, ukuba ukhetha iziqhamo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ulime ubuncinane zombini izini. Ukuzahlula:

• Iintyatyambo zobudoda: stamens ezininzi, pistil encinci kwaye phantse engabalulekanga.
• Iintyatyambo zabasetyhini: ipistil ephakathi ephuhliswe kakuhle, i-atrophied stamens.

Isimboli, ukusetyenziswa kunye nezinto ezinomdla kwi-Ilex holly

UHolly unophawu olunzulu kwinkcubeko edumileyo yaseYurophu., ngakumbi njengophawu lwe ukhuseleko, ithamsanqa kunye neKrisimesiUkususela kumaxesha aphakathi, ibisetyenziselwa ukuhombisa amakhaya ngenkolelo yokuba ikhusela amandla angendawo kunye nemimoya. Kule mihla, amasebe ayo asetyenziswa ngokuyintloko kwiintyatyambo kunye nemihlobiso yeKrisimesi, nangona ukuvuna i-holly yasendle kuthintelwe kwimimandla emininzi ukukhusela iintlobo.

Ukongeza kumsebenzi wayo wokuhombisa, iholly uye wasebenzisa amayeza esintu, nangona ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwangoku kudimazekile ngenxa yetyhefu yeziqhamo zayo. Imithi ye-Holly nayo isetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa kweeheji ezikhuselayo kunye nezithinteli zomoya, ngenxa yobuninzi kunye nobunzima bamagqabi abo.

Ukukhanya, indawo kunye neemfuno zemozulu

UHolly uyaphumelela iindawo ezipholileyo, ezifumileyo ezinokukhanya okungathanga ngqo. Ifanelekile kwimozulu epholileyo nepholileyo apho imvula kunye nokufuma kongamele. Inyamezela ingqele kunye neqabaka kakuhle, iyenza ibe yintlobo egqibeleleyo yeegadi zeentaba okanye imimandla enobusika obunzima. Nangona kunjalo, ubushushu obugqithisileyo kunye nelanga elithe ngqo ukusuka kwimozulu efudumeleyo kunokuyonakalisa, kubangele i-desiccation kunye nokutsha kwamagqabi.

Kwimozulu epholileyo, inokuthi ibekwe elangeni elipheleleyo, ngakumbi iintlobo zeqabunga le-variegated, ezifuna ukukhanya okungakumbi ukugcina umbala wazo. Kwiimbiza, inokukhuliswa kwi-patios, i-terraces, kunye neebhalkhoni ukuba nje ikhuselwe ekuvezweni okugqithisileyo.

Umhlaba ofanelekileyo, ukutshintshwa kunye nokuchumisa

UHolly nguye ikwazi ukumelana neentlobo ngeentlobo zomhlaba, nangona uphuhliso lwayo olugqibeleleyo lwenzeka kwi I-acidic substrates encinci (pH 5.5-6.5), ityebile kwi-organic matter kwaye ikhutshwe kakuhle kakhuluYiphephe imihlaba ene<em>calcareous okanye leyo ithanda ukukhukuliseka emanzini, njengoko iingcambu zayo zisesichengeni sokufunxa nokubola.

• Phambi kokutyala, thambisa kakuhle ingcambu yengcambu kwaye wongeze umgquba okanye i-humus kumngxuma wokutyala.
• Embizeni, lungiselela umxube ofanelekileyo: I-50% ye-peat okanye umhlaba wegadi, i-30% yesanti okanye i-perlite, kunye ne-20% yokugalelwa kweentshulube..
• Egadini, khetha indawo enendawo eyaneleyo kwaye ugweme ukutshintshwa okungadingekile, njengoko i-holly inomdla kwiinguqu kwindawo xa sele ithathe iingcambu.

Ukuchumisa kufuneka kwenziwe ngcono ngezichumiso ezinenitrogen eninzi ngexesha lokukhula kwaye wongeze i-mulch ye-organic ebusika ukukhusela iingcambu kubanda kwaye ugcine ukufuma.

Ulawulo lokunkcenkceshela kunye nokufuma

Ingcwele ifuna ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo, ngakumbi ngeenyanga ezifudumeleyo, ezomileyo. Sisityalo esifuna ngamandla ukufuma kodwa ayinyamezeli amanzi amaninzi kwi-substrate. Ukunkcenkceshela okuninzi kuyadingeka ehlotyeni (izihlandlo ezi-2-3 ngeveki okanye ngaphezulu, kuxhomekeke kwiqondo lokushisa kunye nokuvezwa), ngelixa ebusika i-frequency kufuneka incitshiswe (rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezi-7 ukuya kwezi-10), isoloko iqinisekisa ukuba umhlaba awuwomi ngokupheleleyo kodwa ugweme ukukhutshwa kwamanzi. Funda ngakumbi malunga neendlela ezisebenzayo zokunkcenkceshela.

Ukusetyenziswa organic mulch I-Mulching kwisiseko iyanconywa kakhulu ukugcina umswakama, ukunciphisa ukhuphiswano lokhula, kunye nokukhusela iingcambu ekutshintsheni ngokukhawuleza kweqondo lokushisa.

Ukuthenwa, ukugcina nokumila

Ukuthena kubalulekile ukugcina inkangeleko ehlangeneyo nesempilweni yehollyKuyacetyiswa ukuba kuthenwe kancinci. ekupheleni kobusika okanye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ukususa amasebe awomileyo, abuthathaka, okanye awonakeleyo. Ukuba ufuna ukuyinika imilo yokuhombisa, luluvo oluhle ukucutha amahlumela amatsha emva kokukhula konyaka. Nangona inyamezela ukuthenwa okunzulu, oku kufuneka kuphelele ekuvuseleleni, ukudala iheji, okanye ukulawula ubukhulu bayo kwiimbiza. Jonga isikhokelo sethu sokuthena iziphumo ezilungileyo.

Kubalulekile ukuba ungawathena kakhulu, ngakumbi imizekelo esele ikhulile kwaye isekwe kakuhle, ukuthintela ukukhula okubuthathaka kunye namaqunube ambalwa ukuba umzekelo ngowasetyhini.

Ukutyala ngeembiza: Iingcebiso

I-Holly ifanelekile ukukhula kwiimbiza, nangona kule meko Ayinakufikelela kubungakanani obuphuhla emhlabeniNgalo lonke ixesha khetha imbiza ebanzi, enzulu ehambisa amanzi kunye nomhlaba oneasidi. Phinda ugaye rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwemi-3 ukuze uhlaziye umhlaba kwaye uchebe iingcambu ezigqithisileyo, oko kukhuthaza ukukhula okuxineneyo. Ukuba i-holly igcinwa ngaphakathi kwindlu ngexesha elibandayo, yibeke kwindawo ekhanyiswe kakuhle kude nemithombo yokushisa okomileyo.

Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo: Izinambuzane zeHolly kunye neZifo

Nangona isisihlahla esixhathisa kakhulu, i-holly inokuchatshazelwa zizinambuzane kunye nezifo ezahlukeneyo:

• Iintwala kunye ne-mealybugs: Ziyasuswa ngesepha ye-potassium okanye ioli ye-neem.
• abasebenzi basezimayini bamagqabi: Ngokuqhelekileyo zishiya iigalari kwi-tissue yeqabunga, ezenza buthathaka isityalo ukuba uhlaselo lukhulu.
• Umngundo (amabala amagqabi): Zivela njengamachokoza atyheli okanye amdaka; zilawulwa ngomchiza othile wokungunda.
• Iingcambu ezibolileyo: Kuphephe ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo kwaye uqinisekise ukukhupha amanzi ngokufanelekileyo.
• Indawo yetha kunye netha: Sika kwaye ususe iindawo ezichaphazelekayo ukuthintela ukusasazeka.

Uthintelo lubalulekile: Gcina ulungelelwaniso oluhle lwamanzi, faka umgquba ovuthiweyo, kwaye ukhuphe umoya kwiindawo ezityalwe kakuhle ukuthintela ukukhula komngundo..

Ukusasazwa kweHolly: imbewu kunye nokusika

Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokuvelisa i-holly:

Ukuzaliswa kwembewu

Yeyona ndlela ilula kodwa ikwayeyona icothayo nengacingelekiyo. Ngokubhekiselele kwisini sezithole, amajikijolo avuthiweyo athatyathwa, imbewu iyasuswa, kwaye emva kokuhlamba ngokucokisekileyo, ityalwe ngokukhawuleza kwi-substrate ene-acidic, igcina umswakama kunye nomthunzi. Ukuntshula kungathatha iinyanga ezininzi, kwaye ukuchongwa kwenkunzi okanye imazi kuya kwaziwa kuphela emva kweminyaka embalwa yokuqala yeentyantyambo.

Ukuzaliswa ngokusika

Ukusasazwa ngamaplanga okanye ama-semi-woody cuttings Ikuvumela ukuba udibanise ngokuchanekileyo imizekelo efunwayo, uqinisekise ngesondo (ekulungele ukufumana amajikijolo). Ukusikwa kuthathwa kumahlumela aphilileyo ngasekupheleni kwehlobo kwaye atyalwe kwi-substrate emanzi, kwindawo ekhuselweyo okanye kwi-greenhouse. Le yindlela eethe-ethe enezinga elisezantsi lempumelelo, kodwa ifanelekile kubalimi abanamava.

Ukudideka okuqhelekileyo: i-holly, i-mistletoe kunye nezinye iintlobo

UHolly uhlala ebhidaniswa ne-mistletoe (Ialbhamu yeViscum), ngakumbi ngeKrisimesi ngenxa yesiko lokuhombisa. Nangona kunjalo, Amaqunube eMistletoe amhlophe kwaye ancangathi, ngelixa amaqunube eholly ebomvu, omile kwaye anetyhefu.. Ukongeza, kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-Ilex, ezinye zivela eMelika naseAsia, njenge Ilex meserveae, enamagqabi aluhlaza kunye nokumelana okukhulu, okanye Ilex canariensis, ifumaneka kwiZiqithi zaseCanary.

Ubuthi kunye nezilumkiso

Amaqunube eHolly awatyiwa. kwaye inokuba nesiphumo Ityhefu kakhulu kubantu, izinja, iikati kunye nezinye izilwanyana zasekhaya, kubangela iimpawu zesisu, isiyezi, kwaye, kwiimeko ezinzima, ityhefu efuna ukuqwalaselwa kwezilwanyana. Gcina isityalo kwindawo ekungafikeleli kuyo abantwana kunye nezilwanyana zasekhaya kwaye usebenzise ngononophelo olukhulu ngexesha leziqhamo.

Ukukhuselwa kunye nokugcinwa kweholly

Ingcwele Ikhuselwe kwiindawo ezininzi zaseYurophu Ngenxa yokuvunwa okugqithisileyo kweholly kwimihombiso yeKrisimesi, ekhokelele ekwehleni kwabemi bayo basendle, iholly kufuneka ithengwe kuphela kwiindawo zogcino lwezityalo ezigunyazisiweyo okanye kumaziko egadi, kwaye imigaqo ekhoyo ngoku malunga nokuqokelela kwayo kufuneka ilandelwe. Ukukhuselwa ngokusemthethweni kuye kwavumela ukubuyiswa ngokuthe ngcembe kweesampulu emahlathini kunye ne-undergrowth emanzi.

Iingcebiso zokusetyenziswa kokuhlobisa kunye nokuhlobisa

Nokuba ngumzekelo omnye, kwiheji, imida okanye iimbiza, UHolly unikeza ubukho obungathandabuzekiyo unyaka wonke. Yisebenzise:

• Kwigadi emthunzini, edityaniswe neeferns, i-hydrangeas okanye i-rhododendrons.
• Njengothango olukhuselayo, ngenxa yamagqabi ashinyeneyo, anameva.
• Kwiipatios, i-terraces kunye neendawo zokungena eziphambili kwiimbiza ezinkulu.
• Kumalungiselelo eKrisimesi, ukudibanisa amasebe kunye neepine cones, i-laurel okanye i-eucalyptus.

Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo malunga ne-Ilex holly

• Ingaba iholly iyatyiwa? Akunjalo. Iziqhamo zawo nezinye iindawo zinetyhefu.
• Ingaba ingakhuliswa kwindawo ezishushu? Iqhelanisa kakubi, ifuna ukutsha kunye nokufuma.
• Kutheni le nto umthi wam weholly ungavelisi siqhamo? Isenokuba ngumzekelo wendoda okanye ifuna ukudluliselwa kwepoleni ngemazi/indoda.
• Ngaba iholly itsala izilwanyana zasendle eziluncedo? Ewe. Iintaka ezinambuzane kunye nezondlayo zitya amaqunube ayo kwaye zincede ukuwasasaza.
• Indlela yokuchonga isini seholly? Ngeentyantyambo okanye, kwimizekelo yabantu abadala, ngokubakho kweziqhamo.
• Ngaba iholly iyalunyamezela ungcoliseko lwedolophu? Ihlala ixesha elide kwaye ifanelekile kwiindawo zegadi zedolophu.

Ingcwele Yenye yezona zihlahla zibalaseleyo nezixatyisiweyo kwigadi yaseYurophu, zombini ngexabiso layo lokuhombisa kunye nesimboli sayo. Iqinile, ihlala ixesha elide, inombulelo ngokukhathalelwa, kwaye inomtsalane ekuhombiseni kwamaxesha onyaka, ibonelela ngokhuseleko kunye nekhusi kwizilwanyana zasendle kwaye iphucula nayiphi na indawo apho ikhule ngokufanelekileyo. Ngokuthatha amanyathelo okhuseleko ayimfuneko kunye nokulandela ezi ngcebiso, i-holly yakho iya kukhula ngamandla, ngobuhle, kwaye isempilweni iminyaka emininzi kwigadi yakho okanye kwithafa.