ESpain, umsebenzi owande kakhulu kulo lonke usingasiqithi uqokelela amakhowa. Olu hlobo lomsebenzi lunokuba nemingcipheko xa lungaziwa kakuhle malunga neentlobo esiziqokelelayo. Kungenxa yokuba kukho iintlobo ezininzi zamakhowa anetyhefu esinokuthi ngempazamo siwathathe ngokungathi ngamakhowa atywayo. Ke ngoko, siza kunikezela eli nqaku ukukuxelela ukuba zeziphi iintlobo zamakhowa atyayo eSpain.
Ukuba ufuna ukufunda ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zamakhowa atyayo eSpain ukuze wenze isivuno esihle, le yiposti yakho.
Ukohlula njani i-mushroom enetyhefu kwinto etyiwayo
Into yokuqala ekufuneka siyazi apha ngasentla kukwahlula ikhowa enokutyiwa kwityhefu. Phakathi kwezi ntlobo zamakhowa kukho izinto ezifanayo ezinokusinceda ukuba siwahlule ekuqaleni kokujonga. Njengophawu oluphambili esinalo Amakhowa atyayo ahlala enamaxolo kwaye awodidi lwe-basidiomycetes. Ukwahlula iifungi ezityiwayo kwezo akonelanga ukujonga iintsholongwane ezingaphakathi ezikalini zabo.
I-spores zezi ndawo ze-mushroom ezivumela ukuba zivelise kwaye zikhule kwakhona ecaleni kwezokuqala. Kuya kufuneka sikhangele ezinye iijusi, ii-aroma kunye nee-shades zohlobo ngalunye lwe-mushroom. Enye yezinto ezinokusinceda ukuba sahlule phakathi kwekhowa etyiwayo nenetyhefu luhlobo lweendawo zokuhlala apho lukhula khona, kunye nexesha lonyaka.
Kuya kufuneka senze ukhetho phakathi kwamakhowa anesiseko kunye nomnqwazi kunye nalawo angenawo. Kukho amakhowa anekepusi kunye nekepusi kwaye ayityhefu. Ezi zezi zimile okomathumbu okanye ubuchopho kwinxalenye yentloko. Uninzi lwamakhowa ayityhefu ayaphuka njengosinga xa sivula ukususa inyama yawo.
Umbala we-spores nayo yinto egqityiweyo, nangona kunzima ukuyiqonda. Ukwazi ilizwe, kwakuyimfuneko ukuvumela ii-spores ukuba zihlale kwiphepha elikhokelayo, elinombala we-lamellae weesampulu zabantu abadala.
Siza kukunika uluhlu lwamakhowa aqhelekileyo eSpain nalawo atyiwayo.
Iindidi zamakhowa atyayo eSpain
Amakhowa asendle
Ngowona mushroom utyiwa kakhulu owaziwayo oqokelelwa eSpain. Inika izinto ezahlukeneyo esizifumana ngomnqwazi omhlophe othambekele kwiithoni ezingwevu okanye ezipinki. Inobukhulu obuhluka phakathi kweesentimitha ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-12 ububanzi. Amacwecwe anombala omhlophe opinki kwaye aguquka abe mnyama mnyama kwaye abe mnyama njengoko bekhula kwaye bekhula.
Inencasa entle kwaye inuka kamnandi. Ihlala ivela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kwaye iqhubeka de kube lixesha lokuwa. Imixokomelwano yokuphilisana kwendalo apho sinokuyiqokelela khona ikumadlelo nakwimihlaba yengca. Kuzo zonke iintlobo ezityiwayo zamakhowa asendle ohlobo lwe-Agaricus, kucetyiswa ukuba ungawaqokeleli amakhowa asele ekhulile kwaye enamacwecwe amnyama. Oku kwenzelwa ukuthintela iingxaki zokwetyisa xa siyitya.
U-Oronja
Olu hlobo lwe-mushroom luqwalaselwa ngabantu abaninzi njengenye yeentlobo ezilungileyo zamakhowa atyayo eSpain. Inencasa emnandi kwaye inokudliwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Inomnqwazi omkhulu kwaye inobubanzi oba phakathi kweesentimitha ezisibhozo ukuya kwezingama-8. Njengoko igama layo libonisa, inombala o-orenji ngamanye amaxesha ekufuneka ubhelu. Amacembe anombala otyheli omthubi oqhubela phambili kumbala otyheli wegolide njengoko bekhula bekhula. Zininzi kwaye zibanzi.
Ixesha lokuvuna le-Oronja okoko kwaqala ukwindla kwaye sinokuzifumana kwi-holm oki nakumahlathi oki oki. Ikhetha imihlaba e-calcareous kwaye ingakhula phantsi kwemithi ye-chestnut neye-oki.
UBoletus edulis
Ngomnye wamakhowa awaziwayo ohlobo lweBoletus. Ngumakhowa athathelwa ingqalelo ebalaseleyo kwabo bathanda ukukhiwa kwamakhowa kunye nabapheki abaziingcali. Isitshixo kudumo lwayo kukuba inencasa emnandi, ukubonakala okuhle kunye nokungaguquguquki. Ngokwesiqhelo inombala oguqukayo otshintsha ube mhlophe xa umncinci kwaye uphele ngethoni emdaka ngakumbi njengoko ikhula ngokupheleleyo. Inqaku elisebenza ukwahlulahlula kwezinye kukuba i-cuticle yayo inomdla.
Inqanaba apho sinokuqokelela khona UBoletus edulis es ukusuka ngasekupheleni kwehlobo ukuya ngasekupheleni kwekwindla. Singazifumana kwiindawo ezinamagqabi kunye neekoniferi.
UNíscalo
Kukwaziwa ngegama lesayensi ILactarius deliciosus. Le yenye yezona ntlobo zaziwayo zamakhowa atyayo eSpain. Oku kungenxa yencasa yayo elungileyo kunye nobuninzi. Kulula ukubona ukuba sijonga umnqwazi wabo kwaye banenyama eninzi. Ngokumalunga nobukhulu bayo, siyabona ukuba inobubanzi obufikelela kwiisentimitha ezili-15. Umbala wayo uorenji ukuba bomvu kwaye njengoko ikhula, kuvela amanye amabala aluhlaza. Amacwecwe asezantsi asebenzela ukwahlulahlula kuba anombala weorenji kwaye zihlala zibonakala ziqinile.
Ixesha lokuvuna le-chanterelle liqala ekwindla nasekuqaleni kobusika. Apho sinokufumana khona ubuninzi be-chanterelle iphantsi kwamahlathi amancinci ephayini.
UChanterelle
Los iingqungquthela Kulula ukuzazi ngokuba nomnqwazi omile okwefaneli kunye nombala otyheli. Singayifumana kunye namanye amaphepha njengamafolda ngombala otyheli kunye nokusika okomileyo. Singakwazi ukwahlula ngokulula le cuticle kuyo yonke fungus.
Kukulungele ukuyitya kuba ineziqhamo kunye nencasa emnandi kunye nokuthinta okukrakra ngamanye amaxesha. Ixesha lokuvuna iChanterelle ekwindla kwaye sinokuyifumana kwi-oki, i-beech kunye nehlathi lepine.
Umnyama omnyama
Okokugqibela, luhlobo lwekhowa elingaphantsi komhlaba elinombala omdaka ngombala omnyama. Imele ukuba nobuso obune-warty kwaye iyaxatyiswa kakhulu ngexabiso layo eliphambili lokutya. Kuqokelelwa ngoncedo lwezinja eziqeqeshelwe ukuzibona kuba ziphantsi komhlaba. Ukufumana iindawo apho i-truffle emnyama ixhaphake khona, ikwezo ndawo zinendawo yelitye lekalika kwaye zikufutshane neengcambu zemithi ezinjenge-holm oki, iinyongo kunye neehazelnuts.
Ixesha lokuvuna le-truffle emnyama liyahluka. Ukuze bakwazi ukukhula, kunyanzelekile ukuba kubekho imvula ngoJuni nango-Agasti. Ukuvuna kwenzeka kwiveki yokuqala kweyoMnga kude kuye kutsho kweyoKwindla.
Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga neendidi zamakhowa atyayo eSpain
Inqaku elihle. Ungayifumana ifoto ye-oronja kwiwebhusayithi yayo yoqobo (www.fotosdebolets.com), kunye nolwazi oluthe kratya. Ukubulisa.
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