Ngena emahlathini apho i sequoia enkulu (Sequoiadendron giganteum) kukufumana ubukho obumangalisayo bomnye we ezona zidalwa zinomtsalane kunye nezixananazileyo kwiplanethiLe mithi, ikwabizwa ngokuba yi iingxilimbela zehlathi, ziye zachulumancisa izazinzulu, izazi ngendalo kunye nabatyeleli kangangeenkulungwane ngenxa yobukhulu bazo, ubude bazo kunye nezinto ezininzi ezinomdla ezibangqongileyo.
Iimpawu ezibalulekileyo ze-sequoia enkulu
La sequoia enkulu Ibalaselisa ubukhulu becala ngomthamo wayo ongakholelekiyo kunye nobude, nangona ingengowona mthi mde emhlabeni (indawo ehlala i-redwood, Sequoia iispervirens). Ukusasazwa kwayo kwendalo kunqongophele kakhulu, kufumaneka kumgca omxinwa weSierra Nevada, eCalifornia, apho benza amahlathi amakhulu.
Le mithi ine-a ixolo lefibrous, elityebileyo kwaye lityebile kwiitannins, enokugqithisa i-60 centimeters ubukhulu, ibanika a ukumelana okungaqhelekanga nomlilo kunye nezinambuzaneAmagqabi awo ahlala eluhlaza kwaye aluhlaza nzulu, alungele ukubamba ukukhanya kwindawo epholileyo, efumileyo apho akhula khona.
Ubomi obude kunye nokukhula: i-millennial titans
Enye ye eyona nto ibalaseleyo Nguwe ixesha elideEminye imizekelo iphila iminyaka engamawaka aliqela, ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-3.000. Ukukhula kwe-sequoia enkulu ngokukhawuleza kumanqanaba okuqala, kwaye kunokuzuza ngaphezu kwemitha ngonyaka phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo. Ukufunda ngakumbi malunga nokukhula kunye nokulondolozwa kwale mithi, ungandwendwela esi siza. inqaku malunga nemithi emikhulu.
Owona mzekelo mkhulu owaziwayo ngowodumileyo Jikelele uSherman, ihlonelwa ngobukhulu bayo besikhumbuzo, imi ngaphezu kweemitha ezingama-80 ubude kunye nobubanzi besiseko obudlula iimitha ezili-11. Nangona kunjalo, kukho abantu abaninzi abakhuphisana nayo ngobude kunye nobudala.
Indawo yokuhlala kunye nendawo yangoku yeesequoias ezinkulu
Iisequoia ezinkulu zikhula ngokukhethekileyo phakathi ukuphakama kwe-1.500 ukuya kwi-2.100 yeemitha kumathambeka entaba, apho indibaniselwano ye Ikhephu ebusika, umhlaba onzulu kunye nokufuma rhoqo idala imeko-bume efanelekileyo yophuhliso lwayo.
Ngaphandle kweCalifornia, ziye zaziswa kwiipaki ezahlukeneyo kunye neegadi kwihlabathi liphela, zixatyiswe ngobuhle bazo bokuhombisa. ESpain, iisampulu ezibalaseleyo zinokufunyanwa eGranja de San Ildefonso (Segovia) nakumahlathi ezikhumbuzo anjengeMonte Cabezón eCantabria.
Indima yendalo ye-sequoia enkulu
Los amahlathi amakhulu e-sequoia ziyinyani iindawo zokuhlala ezahlukahlukeneyoIziqu zayo kunye nophahla zinika indawo yokuhlala iintaka ezinjengesikhova esinamachokoza nezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana ezisengozini yokuphela, izilwanyana ezanyisayo, izirhubuluzi, kunye nezinambuzane ezityebileyo kunye nomngundo. Umthi omkhulu we-sequoia, nangona uxhathisa kakhulu ekuboleni, une-fibrous kakhulu kwaye u-brittle ukuba usetyenziswe kwimizi-mveliso, yiyo loo nto ingasetyenziswanga kulwakhiwo lwefenitshala.
La ixolo elingqindilili kunye nokungabikho kweereyini ezinokutsha Banikwa a ukumelana nomlilo wendalo, ebavumela ukuba baphile kwaye bahlaziye emva komlilo. Enyanisweni, i Imililo elawulwayo iyimfuneko ukukhulula imbewu kwiicones zayo kunye nokukhuthaza ukuntshula, ekubeni ukhuphiswano oluvela kwezinye iintlobo kunye nokuqokelelana kwenkunkuma yamagqabi kwenza le nkqubo ibe nzima.
Iinyani ezonwabileyo kunye neenyani ezinomdla malunga ne-sequoia enkulu
- Izinto eziphilayo ezinomthamo omkhuluI-sequoia enkulu sesona sityalo sikhulu, kunye nemizekelo equlethe amawaka ee-cubic metres zomthi.
- Ubunzima bokuvelisa ngokwemvelo:Indawo yokuhlala ethintelweyo kunye nokuxhomekeka kwimililo ukukhulula imbewu kwenza ukuveliswa kwemvelo kube ngumngeni.
- Imbali yefosiliZombini i-sequoia enkulu kunye nonxweme ekuqaleni yayigubungela imimandla emikhulu yoMntla weIkhweyitha, kodwa ukwanda kwabantu kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu kuye kwabunciphisa kakhulu ubukho bazo.
- Intshayelelo eYurophuI-Redwoods yaziswa kwiigadi zaseYurophu kunye neepaki ngenkulungwane ye-19, apho ngoku zithathwa njengeegugu zebhotani zokwenyani.
Umahluko phakathi kwe-sequoia enkulu kunye ne-redwood yonxweme
Kunika umdla ukuqaqambisa umahluko phakathi sequoia enkulu (Sequoiadendron giganteum) kunye bomvu (Sequoia iispervirens):
- La sequoia enkulu Yeyona inkulu ngomthamo, kodwa i bomvu Yeyona inde ehlabathini, ifikelela ngaphezu kweemitha ezili-110. Ukuba ufuna ukwandisa ulwazi lwakho malunga neentlobo ze-sequoia, kule nto inqaku malunga ne-sequoia uya kufumana ulwazi olongezelelweyo.
- Umthi we-redwood uxabiswa ngakumbi ukwakhiwa, ngenxa yobunzima kunye nokuchasana, ngelixa i-redwood enkulu i-brittle kwaye isetyenziswe ngaphantsi, nangona zombini iindidi zibelana ngeempawu zokumelana nomlilo.
- Zombini ezi ntlobo zihlala ziluhlaza kwaye zihlala ixesha elide, nangona indawo yazo yendalo yahlukile: i-redwood yonxweme ifumaneka kwiindawo ezifumileyo zonxweme kunye ne-giant redwood kwimimandla yeentaba.
Qwalasela a sequoia enkulu Ivuselela imvakalelo yentlonelo enzulu ngendalo. Ezi zigugu zebhotani azinikeli nje ubungqina kwixesha elidlulileyo leplanethi yethu, kodwa zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubambeni. nekhabhoni kunye nolondolozo lwendalo. Ukunyamekela ezi zigebenga kuqinisekisa ukuba izizukulwana ezizayo zinethuba lokumangaliswa bubuhle bezityalo.
