Gqibezela iSikhokelo sePhotinia fraseri: Ukhathalelo, Iimpawu, kunye neZitshabalalisi

Kwihlabathi lokulima, i Ifotinia fraseri Izenzele njengenye yezona zihlahla zokuhlobisa ezixabisekileyo zayo amagqabi amibalabala, ukumelana kwawo kunye nokukhula kwawo ngokululaOlu hlobo, oludume njenge Ifoto yephinia, yeyodidi Ifotinia kwaye ibandakanya iintlobo ezininzi kunye nemihlanganisela eziqhelanisa neencasa ezahlukeneyo kunye noyilo lwegadi. Ukuguquguquka kwePhotinia fraseri, ubuhle, kunye nokugcinwa okuphantsi kuyenza ibe lukhetho oluthandayo lokudala iheji, izikrini zezityalo, okanye njengomzekelo ozimeleyo kwiipatio kunye neepaki zasezidolophini.

Yintoni iPhotinia fraseri kwaye kutheni ithandwa kangaka?

La Ifotinia fraseri, ngakumbi iintlobo zayo ezidumileyo 'Irobin ebomvu', sisihlahla esihlala siluhlaza, ilungu losapho lakwaRosaceae, eliphuma kumnqamlezo phakathi Ifotinia glabra y Ifotinia serrulataYahlulwe ngayo ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kunye nayo utshintsho olucacileyo lombala Unyaka wonke: amaqabunga amatsha avela ebomvu obomvu entwasahlobo, ngokuthe ngcembe ajika i-violet ehlotyeni, kwaye ekugqibeleni athole uhlaza obumnyama ebusika. Lo mjikelo wombala uphinda rhoqo ngonyaka, unikezela ngombono okhethekileyo wokubonwa kwixesha ngalinye lonyaka.

Enye yezona zinto zintle ziphambili kukukhululeka kwayo ukuziqhelanisa neemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo kunye nayo ukunyamezela okuphezulu ukuthenwa, ungcoliseko kunye neemeko zasedolophiniKwiimeko ezigqibeleleyo, inokufikelela kubude be-3 ukuya kwi-5 yeemitha, nangona kwiimeko ezininzi ihlala iphakathi kwe-2 kunye ne-3 yeemitha, ngakumbi xa isetyenziswe njengethango okanye iphantsi kokuthenwa rhoqo.

Iimpawu zeBotanical zePhotinia fraseri

• Uhlobo lwesityalo: Isihlahla esihlala siluhlaza.
• Ubude kunye nokukhula: Ukukhula ngokukhawuleza, ukufikelela phakathi kwe-3 kunye ne-5 yeemitha ukuba akuthenwanga (kwiiheji ngokuqhelekileyo kugcinwa phakathi kwe-1,5 kunye ne-2,5 yeemitha).
• AmaSpredishithi: Inde, imenyezela, inokwakheka okuhambelanayo. Amahlumela amancinci abomvu ngokunzulu, ajike abe violet kwaye aphinde abe luhlaza obumnyama.
• Iintyatyambo: Ngentwasahlobo, ivelisa iinqununu zeentyantyambo ezincinci ezimhlophe okanye ezimhlophe-pinki, ezo, ngaphezu kokuhlobisa, zikhangele kakhulu iinyosi kunye nezinye i-pollinators.
• Isiqhamo: Ngamanye amaxesha ivelisa iziqhamo ezibomvu ezincinci, ezijikelezayo eziqhubekayo ebusika, zongeza umdla obonakalayo.
• Ukusetyenziswa kokuhombisa: Ilungele ukwenza iheji, izikrini zabucala, izixhobo zokutyala, iimbiza ezinkulu kunye nomzekelo omnye.

Ngaphakathi kohlobo Ifotinia Kukho ezinye iindidi ezifana Photinia x fraseri 'Redstart', Photinia 'Palette' o Ifotinia serratifoliakodwa 'Irobin ebomvu' Ihlala iyeyona mbulelo ixhaphakileyo ngamandla ayo, umbala kunye ne-rusticity.

Imvelaphi kunye nokuhanjiswa kwePhotinia fraseri

La Ifotinia fraseri imvelaphi ivela iindawo ezipholileyo zaseAsia, ngakumbi abavela eJapan, eTshayina, eIndiya naseThailand, nangona kukho iintlobo zolu hlobo nazo zizalelwa kuMntla Merika. Indawo yayo yendalo iquka iinduli, amahlathi anemozulu epholileyo, kunye nemozulu epholileyo. Ngenxa yokuchasa, ngoku ihlakulwe ngempumelelo kuzo zombini EYurophu njengaseMelika, i-Oceania kunye neminye imimandla enobusika obuphakathi kunye nehlobo elingagqithisi kakhulu.

Kutheni ukhetha iPhotinia fraseri kwigadi yakho?

• Umbala kunye nokuchasana: Umbala wayo oguquguqukayo wongeza i-visual dynamism kwaye ivumela ukudibanisa okumangalisayo kunye nezinye izityalo.
• Ukukhula okukhawulezayo nokuxineneyo: Iphelele kwabo bafuna iheji yabucala ngexesha.
• Ukuchasana: Inyamezela imozulu enemozulu epholileyo, ukuba sesichengeni ezidolophini kunye nongcoliseko oluthile lokusingqongileyo.
• Ukugcinwa okuphantsi: Ayifuni ukhathalelo olunzima okanye ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo xa sele kusekiwe.
• Inomtsalane kwizilwanyana eziluncedo: Iintyatyambo zayo zitsalela izilwanyana ezihambisa ipoleni njengeenyosi namabhabhathane.

Ukhathalelo olubalulekileyo lokukhula kwePhotinia fraseri

I-Photinia fraseri inokuchazwa njengesihlahla bhetyebhetye kakhulu, kodwa ukugcina ukuvakaliswa kwayo okuphezulu ngombala kunye nempilo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubeke ingqalelo kwiimfuno ezithile:

Ukubonakaliswa kunye nokukhanya

Esi sityalo ithanda iindawo ezinelanga, apho ifumana ubuncinane iiyure ezingama-5-6 zokukhanya kwelanga ngokuthe ngqo ngosuku, okuya kuqinisa umbala obomvu wamagqabi awo amatsha. Ngelixa inyamezela umthunzi, amagqabi aya kuba namandla kwaye akhule kancinci. Kwiindawo ezishushu kakhulu (ihlobo elishushu kakhulu), kucetyiswa ukuba unikeze ukhuseleko olukhanyayo ukusuka kwilanga elinamandla lasemini ukukhusela ukutshiswa kwamagqabi amancinci.

• Kwiindawo ezipholileyo okanye ezibandayo, ilanga eligcweleyo lifanelekile.
• Kwiindawo ezinamafu ashushu kakhulu, ukukhanya kwe-semi-shade yeyona nto ingcono ngexesha leeyure ezisembindini.

Amaqondo obushushu afanelekileyo

Sihlahla se Imozulu epholileyo. Iyakwazi ukumelana neeqabaka ezikhanyayo (ukuya kutsho kwi -10 okanye -15ºC kwimizekelo elungelelaniswe kakuhle, ngokutsho kwezinye iindawo zokuhlala), nangona ingqele ehlala ixesha elide okanye iqabaka eqatha kakhulu inokuyonakalisa. Ayikunyamezeli ubushushu obude ngokugqithisileyo, ngoko ke indawo kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo ngokuxhomekeka kummandla. Ubushushu obufanelekileyo bokuphuhliswa kwayo buphakathi 10 kunye nama-20 degreesNgaphantsi kolu luhlu, inokuyeka ukukhula, kwaye ukuba ihlala ngaphantsi kwe -5ºC ixesha elide, inokuchaphazeleka.

Uhlobo lomhlaba

Photinia fraseri Alunyanzelisi uhlobo lomhlaba, kodwa iya kukhula kakuhle kumhlaba ochumileyo, oneasidi kancinane okanye ongathathi hlangothi kunye nokuphuma kwamanzi okugqwesileyo. Ayikunyamezeli ukugcwala kwamanzi, okunokukhokelela ekuboleni kweengcambu kunye nezifo zokungunda.

• Efanelekileyo: imihlaba ekhululekileyo, enento eninzi yezinto eziphilayo kunye ne-pH ephakathi kwe-5,5 kunye ne-7.
• Ukuba unomhlaba oxineneyo, phucula ukumila kwawo ngokuxuba kwi-compost, perlite, okanye isanti erhabaxa phambi kokutyala.
• Ikhula kakuhle nakwimihlaba ene-calcareous ukuba i-drainage ichanekile.

Ukunkcenkceshela: yimalini kwaye nini?

Ukunkcenkceshela kufuneka kube iphakathi kwaye ilungele ixesha lonyaka:

• Imizekelo emincinci okanye esanda kutshintshwa: Ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo ngaphandle kokukhukula, ngakumbi kwiinyanga ezi-2-3 zokuqala.
• Kwimozulu eshushu okanye ehlotyeni: Amaxesha ama-2-3 ngeveki emhlabeni, ukwanda embizeni ukuba i-substrate yoma ngokukhawuleza.
• Ekwindla nasebusika: Nciphisa amaxesha amaninzi, ngakumbi ukuba kuyanetha.
• Kuphephe ukumanzisa amahlamvu ukuthintela ukubonakala komngundo.

Khumbula: IPhotinia iyayinyamezela imbalela ephakathi. xa sele isekiwe, kodwa ukunqongophala kwamanzi ixesha elide kunokunciphisa ubunzulu bemibala yayo kwaye kubangele ukuwa kwamagqabi kwangaphambi kwexesha.

Ukuchumisa nokuchumisa

• aplicar i-organic fertilizer okanye i-compost ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kunye nehlobo ukukhuthaza ukukhula nokukhuthaza ukubonakala kwamagqabi abomvu.
• Kwimihlaba ehlwempuzekileyo, tshintshana ngesichumiso semineral elinganayo (uhlobo lwe-NPK 10-10-10) rhoqo kwiiveki ezi-6-8 ngexesha lokukhula.
• Kuphephe ukuchumisa ngexesha lokungalali (ekwindla okanye ebusika).
• Ukukhula ngamandla, ungasebenzisa izichumisi ezikhutshwa kancinci ngexesha lokutyala.

Ungayityala phi iPhotinia fraseri: umhlaba, imbiza, okanye isixhobo sokutyala?

• Emhlabeni: Lolona khetho lufanelekileyo lokudala iiheji ezinde, ezixineneyo. Shiya i-60 ukuya kwi-100 cm phakathi kwezityalo ukuze wenze isikrini esiqhubekayo, esinamagqabi.
• Embizeni okanye kwisixhobo sokutyala: Sebenzisa izikhongozeli ezinkulu (ubuncinci beelitha ezingama-40-50), i-substrate esemgangathweni ye-universal kwaye uqinisekise ukuhanjiswa okulungileyo kwisiseko.
• Isakhelo esahlukileyo: Ukuba ufuna ukuthatha indawo esembindini, yityale embindini wegadi okanye njengendawo yangasemva kumda weentyatyambo.

Khumbula ukuba ukulungelelana emva kokutyala kubalulekile. Izityalo eziselula zixabisa iinyanga ezimbalwa zomthunzi kunye nokukhuselwa emoyeni ngaphambi kokuba zisiwe kwindawo yazo yokugqibela. Kungcono ukutyala ekupheleni kobusika okanye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ukuthintela umngcipheko weqabaka.

Ukuthena nokugcina iPhotinia fraseri

Kutheni kuthenwa?

La ukuthena rhoqo Kubalulekile nje kuphela ukulawula ubungakanani kunye nokumila kwehlathi, kodwa kwakhona vuselela ukuhluma kwamagqabi abomvu (ezona zibukhali zivela emva kokuthenwa ngakunye). Ikwagcina iheji ijiyile kwaye isempilweni, iphucula umoya, kwaye ikhusela ukukhula kwezinambuzane kunye nezifo.

Iintlobo ezicetyiswayo zokuthena

• Uqeqesho lokuthena: Kwiminyaka emibini yokuqala emva kokutyala, vumela i-shrub ikhule ngokukhululekile, yenza ukucutha okukhanyayo kuphela kwiingcebiso zokukhuthaza i-branching.
• Ukuthenwa kwesondlo: Kwimizekelo esele ikhulile okanye iheji, thena kabini ngonyaka: kube kanye kancinane emva kokudubula kweentyatyambo entlakohlaza kwaye kube kanye ngokumandla ekupheleni kwehlobo okanye ekuqaleni kokwindla.
• Ukuthenwa ngokutsha: Ukuba i-shrub ikhulile, yinqumle i-1/3 yamasebe amadala kwisiseko ukukhuthaza amahlumela amatsha ukuba avele.

Ixesha elifanelekileyo lokuthena

• Iprimavera: Emva kweentyatyambo, ukukhuthaza amagqabi okuhombisa.
• Ekupheleni kwehlobo okanye ekuqaleni kokwindla: Ukugcinwa kokuthenwa kweeheji ezixineneyo.
• Kuphephe ukuthenwa kakubi ekupheleni kokwindla okanye ebusika ukuphepha ukushiya amanxeba evezwe kukungunda kunye neqabaka.

Izixhobo ezifanelekileyo

• Izikere zokuthena ezibukhali ukwenzela ukusika okuchanekileyo kumasebe amancinci.
• Izilungisi zeheji ezenziwe ngesandla okanye zombane zomsebenzi omkhulu wothango.
• Iiglavu zegadi ukukhusela izandla zakho kwingxabano kunye nokwaliwa okunokwenzeka.

Ulwakha njani uthango lwe Photinia fraseri

1. Khetha imizekelo enempilo kunye namandla ubuncinane 30-40 cm ubude.
2. Lungisa umsele 30 cm ubunzulu kwaye uphucule amanzi ngokugalela izinto eziphilayo kunye nesanti ukuba kuyimfuneko.
3. Tyala kumgama we-60-100 cm phakathi kwemizekelo ukuvumela ukukhula okubambeneyo.
4. Nkcenkceshela kakuhle ngexesha lokutyala kwaye ugcine ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo kunyaka wokuqala.
5. Sika iingcebiso ngamaxesha athile ukuvuselela i-lateral branching.
6. Gcina ukuthenwa ngonyaka (entwasahlobo nasekupheleni kwehlobo) ukugcina imilo efunekayo.

Izifo zePhotinia fraseri kunye nezinambuzane: ukuxilongwa kunye nezisombululo

Nangona iPhotinia fraseri sisityalo esomeleleyo kwaye kulula ukusikhulisa, ngakumbi xa sikhule phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo, sinokuchatshazelwa zizifo ezithile zokungunda kunye nezinambuzane ezitshabalalisayo, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezifumileyo, umhlaba ongenamanzi, okanye ukuba ukuthenwa okufanelekileyo akwenziwanga.

Izifo ezinkulu

• Indawo yegqabi ebangelwa ngumngundo (Entomosporium): Ibonakala njengamachokoza amancinci, amnyama abomvu akhula kwaye angakwazi ukugubungela igqabi lonke, ebangela ukuwa kwamagqabi ngaphambi kwexesha. Isasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwiindawo ezifumileyo, ezingenamoya omdaka. Ukuyilawula:
• Susa kwaye utshabalalise amagqabi awosulelekileyo.
• Ukuphucula ukungena komoya ngokuthena.
• Faka i-fungicides esekelwe kubhedu amaxesha amaninzi ngonyaka, ngakumbi entwasahlobo nasekwindla.
• Kuphephe ukumanzisa amagqabi ngexesha lokunkcenkceshela.
• Ubumuncu bolusu: Kubonakala ngathi ngumgubo omhlophe emagqabini nakwihlumela. Iqhelekile kumaxesha onyaka okufuma okanye apho ukujikeleza komoya kungalunganga. Inyangwa ngesulphur okanye unyango oluthile lwe powdery mildew.
• Ubhubhani womlilo (Erwinia amylovora): Iintyatyambo namagqabi abonakala emanzi aze abe mnyama ngokungathi atshisiwe. Yenza ngokukhawuleza ngokususa amasebe achaphazelekayo kwaye usebenzise i-bactericide yobhedu.
• Ukubola kweengcambu: Idla ngokubangelwa kukunkcenkceshelwa kakhulu okanye umhlaba ozele ngamanzi. Isisombululo kukuphucula amanzi kunye nokususa iindawo ezichaphazelekayo.
• Ukugqitha Ingqameko: Ibangela ukuchithwa kweqabunga kunye nokuhla, ukuqala kwelinye icala le-shrub. Ukulawula kunzima kwaye kufuna ukususa izityalo ezichaphazelekayo kakhulu.

Izinambuzane ezihlala rhoqo

• Intwala eluhlaza: Ihlasela amahlumela athambileyo, ibangela ukugobeka kwamagqabi kunye nokuguquka. Ilawulwa ngesepha ye-potassium, ioli ye-neem, okanye izilwanyana zendalo ezifana ne-ladybugs.
• Woodlouse: Ibonakala njengamaqhuma amhlophe okanye amdaka emasebeni nasemagqabini. Ukuzikhuhla ngesandla kunye nokusebenzisa i-organic insecticide okanye i-oyile yeminerali yeyona ndlela isebenzayo.
• I-thrips okanye isigcawu esibomvu: Ixhaphake kakhulu kodwa inokwenzeka kwiindawo ezishushu kakhulu nezomileyo. Gcina ukufuma okwaneleyo kwaye usebenzise unyango lwe-acaricidal ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Uthintelo kunye neengcebiso zokugcina i-photinias yakho isempilweni

• Gwema ukufuma okugqithisileyo ngokubeka phambili ukunkcenkceshela kwisiseko.
• Yenza ukucoca rhoqo, ukususa amasebe awomileyo, awonakeleyo okanye anesifo.
• Qwalasela umzantsi wamagqabi ukuze ubone izinambuzane kwangethuba.
• Ukuba iimpawu zivela, yenza ngokukhawuleza ngeemveliso ezithile kwaye ususe iindawo ezichaphazelekayo.
• Ngalo lonke ixesha sebenzisa izixhobo zokuthena ezicocekileyo nezibulala iintsholongwane ukunqanda ukosuleleka.

Izibonelelo zePhotinia fraseri egadini

• Isebenza njengomqobo obonakalayo kunye ne-windbreak, ukuvelisa ubumfihlo kunye nokhuseleko.
• Ekubeni ixinene kwaye ikhula ngokukhawuleza, inciphisa ukubonakala kokhula kwiindawo ezigqunyiweyo.
• Ibonelela ngekhusi kunye nokutya kwezilwanyana zasendle eziluncedo ezifana nezinambuzane ezisasaza imbewu kunye neentaka.
• Ifuna ulondolozo oluncinci lwexesha elide kwaye ilungele ukulima okuzinzileyo.
• Ixhasa iimilo zokuhombisa kunye nokuthena., kwaye inokutshintshwa kwiigadi zakudala, zanamhlanje okanye zendalo.

I-Photinia embizeni okanye kwiplanti: iingcebiso ezithile

La Ifotinia fraseri Ingakhuliswa ngempumelelo kwiimbiza ezinkulu kunye neeplanti, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezisezidolophini kunye neepatio.

• Sebenzisa i-substrates ezikhanyayo, zityebile kwizinto eziphilayo kunye nokuhambisa amanzi abalaseleyo.
• Khetha izitya ezinkulu, kunye nomthamo omncinci weelitha ezingama-40 kunye nemingxuma emihle yokuhambisa amanzi.
• Nkcenkceshela rhoqo kunasemhlabeni, kuba i-substrate ihlala yoma ngokukhawuleza.
• Khulisa entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni ngezichumisi ezinolwelo okanye ezicothayo ezilungele imithana yokuhombisa.
• Ukuthena rhoqo ngonyaka ukunciphisa ubungakanani kunye nokuvuselela umbala wamagqabi.

Ukuphindaphinda kunye nokusasazwa kwePhotinia fraseri

Ukusasazwa kwePhotinia fraseri kwenziwa ikakhulu ngu iinqumle zesemi-wood, ubuchule obulula nobusebenzayo ukuba ukhangela imizekelo emitsha efana nesityalo sikamama.

1. Sika iisegmenti ze-10-15 cm zamasebe amancinci ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo okanye ehlotyeni.
2. Susa amagqabi asezantsi kwaye ushiye amagqabi angama-2-3 kuphela kwindawo ephezulu.
3. Beka isiseko sokusika kwi-peat emanzi kunye ne-perlite substrate, okanye usebenzise i-hormone ye-rooting ukukhawuleza inkqubo.
4. Gcina isikhongozeli kwindawo efudumeleyo, efumileyo enokukhanya okungathanga ngqo.
5. Ukukhula kweengcambu ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka malunga neeveki ezi-6-8.

Olunye ukhetho olungaqhelekanga lukusasazwa ngembewu, kodwa alugcini iimpawu ezichanekileyo ze-hybrid, ngoko akukhuthazwa ukuba ukhangele ii-clones ze-'Red Robin'.

Imibuzo edla ngokubuzwa malunga nePhotinia fraseri

• Amagqabi ePhotinia ajika abebomvu nini?
  Amahlumelo amatsha avela entlakohlaza enombala obomvu onzulu, othi ngokuthe ngcembe ujike ube luhlaza njengoko amagqabi ekhula. Le nkqubo inokuphinda-phindwe emva kokuthenwa okunzulu.
• Ngaba iPhotinia ingakhuliswa kwindawo ezibandayo?
  Ewe, ukuba nje akukho qabaka ixesha elide. Kwiindawo ezinobusika obunzima, kucetyiswa ukuba uzibeke kwiindawo ezikhuselekileyo kwaye ugweme ukuthena emva kwexesha.
• Yintoni enokuyenza ukuba amabala avela emagqabini?
  Susa amagqabi achaphazelekayo, phucula umoya ngokuthena, kwaye ugalele isibulali ntsholongwane sobhedu. Kuphephe ukumanzisa amagqabi ngexesha lokunkcenkceshela.
• Uhlawula kangaphi?
  Ngokufanelekileyo, ukuchumisa kanye entwasahlobo kwaye kanye ehlobo, ngakumbi ukuba i-shrub ivelisa amahlumela amaninzi okanye ikhula embizeni.

Inqaku elidibeneyo:

I-Photinia i-robin ebomvu: isikhokelo esipheleleyo sokhathalelo, iimpawu kunye neengcebiso

La Ifotinia fraseri IPhotinia igqame njengesityalo ekulula ukusigcina, sixhathisa kakhulu, kwaye sihombise kakhulu isihlahla. Enkosi kumagqabi ayo amibalabala, iintyatyambo ezininzi, kunye nokunyamezela iimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo, ifanelekile kwabo bafuna igadi enemibala kunye nenempilo unyaka wonke. Ngokulandela ezi ngcebiso zokukhula, ukubonakalisa, ukunkcenkceshela, ukuthena, kunye nokuthintela izinambuzane nezifo, uya kunandipha iPhotinia enamandla, enamagqabi, kwaye ehlala inomtsalane, nokuba ikhuliswe njengothango, njengomzekelo ozimeleyo, okanye embizeni.