La IDracaena marginata Sesinye sezona zityalo zidumileyo zokuhombisa eSpain nakwamanye amazwe anemozulu epholileyo, apho iqhele ukubonwa ngaphakathi endlwini kwaye, kwiindawo ezinobusika obupholileyo, nangaphandle. Kutheni oku kukhetha? Impendulo ilula: olu hlobo, nangona luqine kakhulu kwaye luhombisa, alunyamezeli iqabaka, echaphazela indlela esiyilima ngayo ukuba sifuna ukuba ikhule iminyaka.
Ukuba ungathanda ukonwabela a Dracaena marginata ngaphandleKukho iinkalo ezininzi ekufuneka uzigcine engqondweni ukuqinisekisa amava ayimpumelelo kwaye uqinisekise ukuba isityalo sakho sikhangeleka sisempilweni kwaye sinamandla. Apha ngezantsi, ndiza kuchaza yonke into ofuna ukuyazi malunga nemvelaphi yayo, iimfuno zemozulu, ukhathalelo lwangaphandle, uthintelo lwezinambuzane kunye nezifo, kunye neengcebiso malunga ne-substrate, ukuchumisa, kunye nokufakelwa, ukubonelela ngeyona ngcebiso ibanzi kunye neyomhla.
Imvelaphi kunye neempawu: Ivela phi i-Dracaena marginata kwaye yintoni imozulu yayo efanelekileyo?
La IDracaena marginata, kwaziwa njenge I-dracaena yaseMadagascar o umthi wenamba, yinzalelwane yaseMadagascar, ngokukodwa imimandla yetropiki kunye neyetropiki. Iyeyosapho lwe-Asparagaceae kwaye sisihlahla esihlala sihlala sinokufikelela kwiimitha ezininzi ukuphakama kwindalo, senza iziqu ezide ezithweswe isithsaba samagqabi acuthekileyo, avuthulukileyo, amnyama aluhlaza anemiphetho ebomvu.
Kwindawo yayo yendalo, imozulu ishushu, namaqondo obushushu azinzileyo unyaka wonke, ukufuma okuphezulu, kunye neemvula ezisoloko zine. Ezi meko zichaza isizathu I-Dracaena marginata ivakalelwa kukubanda Kwaye kutheni, kwimimandla enobusika obunzima, ikhule njengesityalo sasekhaya. Nangona kunjalo, kwiindawo ezingenayo iqabaka okanye kubusika obupholileyo (apho amaqondo obushushu engafane ehle ngaphantsi kwe-5°C kwaye kungekho qabaka ezingisayo), inokukhuliswa ngaphandle ukuba kukho amanyathelo okhuseleko athatyathiweyo.
Ngaba iDracaena marginata ingahlala ngaphandle unyaka wonke?
Enye yeempazamo eziqhelekileyo kukucinga oko IDracaena marginata Sisityalo sangaphakathi kuphela. Nangona ikhathazwa kakhulu yingqele, inokugcinwa ngaphandle unyaka wonke ukuba nje imida yayo yobushushu iyahlonelwa. Ayiyinyamezeli iqabaka eqhubekayoEnyanisweni, iqalisa ukubonakalisa umonakalo ukuba amaqondo obushushu ehla ngaphantsi kwe-5°C, kwaye ukuba sesichengeni kubushushu obuqhaqhazelisa amazinyo kunokubulala.
Kwimozulu epholileyo yeMeditera, njengeendawo ezithile eziselunxwemeni, iiCanary Islands, okanye incam esemazantsi ye-Iberian Peninsula, kunokwenzeka ukuyikhulisa unyaka wonke ngaphandle. Nangona kunjalo, nakule mimandla, kukulungele ukuyibeka kwiindawo ezikhuselweyo kwimimoya ebandayo kwaye, ukuba kunokwenzeka, ecaleni kweendonga okanye izihlahla ezinceda ukugcina ukushisa okuzinzile ebusika.
Kwimeko yamaxesha athile, iqhwa elikhanyayo, isityalo sinokulahlekelwa ngamagqabi, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo sihluma kwakhona entwasahlobo ukuba umonakalo awunzima. Ukuba uhlala kwindawo apho amaqondo obushushu anokuba ngaphantsi kweqondo lomkhenkce, kubhetele ukuba uyigcine embizeni ukuze ukwazi ukuyifudusela endlwini okanye kwindawo yokugcina izityalo kwiinyanga ezibandayo.
Ukhathalelo olubalulekileyo lweDracaena marginata ngaphandle
Ukuze wena IDracaena marginata Ukuqinisekisa ukuba isityalo sakho sikhula ngaphandle kwaye sikhanya ngokugqibeleleyo, kufuneka ujongane nezinto ezininzi eziphambili: indawo, ukunkcenkceshela, i-substrate, isichumisi, ukutshintshwa, ukuthena, ukufuma, kunye nokuthintela izifo kunye nezinambuzane. Apha ngezantsi, ndicacisa indlela yokunyamekela nganye kwezi nkalo ngokweenkcukacha:
Indawo: ukukhetha indawo efanelekileyo
- Ukukhanya: Iimfuno zeDracaena marginata ukucaca kakhulu, kodwa ayikunyamezeli ukukhanya kwelanga okuthe ngqo, okunamandla ngexesha leeyure eziphakathi kwemini, njengoko oku kunokutshisa amaqabunga ayo. Ngokufanelekileyo, kufuneka ibekwe ngaphakathi isemi-shade eqaqambileyo, apho ifumana ukukhanya okuhluziweyo (umzekelo, phantsi kwemithi ekhanyayo okanye ecaleni kodonga olujonge empuma).
- Utshintsho: Ukuba ubunayo idracaena yakho ngaphakathi kwaye ufuna ukuyiqhelanisa nangaphandle, yenza utshintsho kancinci kancinci. Qala ngokuyibeka kwikona ekhuselweyo kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe uyibeke esichengeni sokukhanya okuphezulu.
- Ukhuseleko lomoya: Imimoya ebandayo okanye enamandla inokomisa amagqabi kwaye ibangele umonakalo, ngoko fumana indawo ekhuselekileyo, ngakumbi ukuba ubusika bunomoya kwindawo yakho.
Ukutyala emhlabeni okanye embizeni: yeyiphi engcono?
- Ukutyala ngokuthe ngqo: Ukuba imozulu ivumela, ukutyala i-Dracaena marginata emhlabeni kuya kunika amandla amakhulu kunye nokuchasana. Khetha indawo enemijelo egqwesileyo kunye nezinto ezityebileyo zezinto eziphilayo.
- Imbiza yeentyatyambo: Kwimimandla enobusika obupholileyo okanye umngcipheko weqabaka, kungcono ukuyigcina embizeni enkulu. Ngale ndlela, ungayifaka ngaphakathi endlwini okanye uyikhusele xa amaqondo obushushu ehla.
- Ukufakelwa kwakhona: Luluvo olulungileyo ukuphinda uyifake kwidracaena yakho rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-2 okanye emi-3, unyusa ubungakanani bembiza kwaye ubuyisele umhlaba. Ukuba iingcambu zithathe indawo yonke, lixesha elifanelekileyo lokwandisa isitya okanye ukuthena iingcambu ukuba ukhetha ukugcina ubungakanani obufanayo.
Ukunkcenkceshela: amaxesha amaninzi kunye neengcebiso ezisebenzayo
- Ukumodareyitha: Dracaena marginata Ayinyamezeli imbalela ixesha elide okanye ukugcwala kwamanzi.I-substrate kufuneka igcinwe ifumile, kodwa ingaze igalelwe amanzi. Amanzi xa umaleko ongaphezulu womhlaba (malunga ne-2-3 cm) womile ngokuchukumisa.
- Ixesha lonyaka: Entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni, ukonyusa kancinci ukunkcenkceshela, ngakumbi ukuba isityalo sibonakaliswe kubushushu. Ebusika, nciphisa ukunkcenkceshela, njengoko isityalo singena kwi-dormancy kwaye ukufuma okugqithisileyo kunokukhuthaza izifo zefungal.
- Umgangatho wamanzi: Ukuba kunokwenzeka, sebenzisa amanzi emvula, njengoko idracaena inovelwano kwiityuwa ezigqithisileyo kwaye iklorini ihlala ikhona kumanzi ompompo. Amanzi athambileyo okanye ahluziweyo angcono kakhulu.
Ukufuma kunye nokusingqongileyo
- Imekobume efumileyo: Ngokwendalo, iDracaena marginata ikhula phantsi kweemeko ukufuma okuphezuluNgaphandle, ukuba uhlala kwindawo eyomileyo, unokwandisa ukufuma ngokwandisa iqela lezityalo kwindawo leyo, ukuphosa amagqabi ngamanzi, okanye ukubeka isitya samanzi kufuphi.
- Ziphephe iindawo ezomileyo: Ukuba iingcebiso zamagqabi zomile okanye zijike zibe tyheli, ngokuqhelekileyo luphawu lwendawo eyomileyo kakhulu okanye ukungabikho kokunkcenkceshela.
Isubstrate: Ifuna ntoni umhlaba?
- Inkqubo yogutyulo: Kubalulekile ukuba i-substrate ikhululeke kwaye ikhuphe kakuhle. Unokwenza umxube we-universal substrate kunye ne-perlite kunye ne-coconut fiber encinci okanye i-peat. Yiphephe imihlaba enzima okanye enodongwe.
- Gcina umoya: I-substrate kufuneka ivumele iingcambu ukuba ziphefumle. Ukuba umhlaba udityanisiwe okanye awunamanzi, iingcambu ziya kubola lula.
Ukuchumisa: njani kwaye nini ukuchumisa
- Ixesha elicetyiswayo: Chuba iDracaena marginata yakho entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni, xa isebenza kakhulu. Sebenzisa isichumiso esilulwelo kwizityalo eziluhlaza ezixutywe kumanzi okunkcenkceshela ukuba sisembiza, okanye isichumiso esingumgubo okanye esinegranulated ukuba sisemhlabeni.
- Ukumodareyitha: Musa ukuyigqithisa ngesichumiso; kanye kwiiveki ezimbini okanye ezintathu ngexesha lokukhula kudla ngokwaneleyo. Ekwindla nasebusika, nqumamisa ukuchumisa.
- Izinto eziphilayo: Ukugalela umgquba okanye ukugalelwa kweentshulube kuphucula ubume bomhlaba kwaye kubonelele ngezondlo ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye ngokuthe chu.
Ukuthenwa, ukugcinwa kunye nokuveliswa kwakhona kweDracaena marginata
Ukuthena kunye nokugcinwa kulula kakhulu kwi-Dracaena marginata, kodwa kuyanceda ukwazi amanqaku ambalwa ukugcina imilo kunye namandla:
- Ukuthenwa kwesiqu: Ukuba isityalo sikhula kakhulu okanye ufuna ukukhuthaza amasebe amatsha ukuba enze, unokusika isiqu esiphambili ukuya kubude obufunayo. Amahlumela amatsha aya kuvela kwi-lateral buds.
- Ukuthena iingcambu: Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ususe iingcambu ezifileyo okanye ezonakeleyo kwaye ubuyisele enye i-substrate xa uphinda upheka ukuba imbiza incinci kakhulu.
- Ukususa amagqabi omileyo: Susa amagqabi atyheli okanye omileyo ngesikere esicocekileyo ukukhuthaza ukukhula nokuthintela izifo.
- Ukuzaliswa kwakhona: Unokusasaza i-dracaena marginata ngokusika iziqu. Sika icandelo lesiqu esisempilweni, susa amanye amagqabi, kwaye ulityale ngokuthe ngqo kwindawo efumileyo, ekhanyayo yokugalela. Akuyimfuneko ukuvumela ukusika kome, njengoko ingcambu ikhula ngokulula kwiimeko ezifudumeleyo, ezinomswakama.
Uthintelo nolawulo lwezitshabalalisi nezifo
I-Dracaena marginata yomelele, kodwa ngaphandle inokuhlaselwa zizinambuzane ezithile, ngakumbi ukuba iimeko azilunganga:
- Isigcawu esibomvu: Ihlasela kwindawo ezomileyo, ibangela amabala amagqabi kunye nobuthathaka jikelele. Yandisa ukufuma, kwaye ukuba uhlaselo lunzima, sebenzisa i-acaricides okanye izisombululo ze-organic ezifana nesepha ye-potassium.
- ICottony mealybug: Ibonakala njengeengqimba ezincinci ezimhlophe emagqabini nakwiziqu, zifunxa incindi kwaye zisenza buthathaka isityalo. Susa ngesandla ngebhola yomqhaphu efakwe etywaleni okanye usebenzise izibulala-zinambuzane ezithambileyo ukuba uhlaselo lubalulekile.
- Iintwala kunye ne-thrips: Ukungaxhaphakanga, banokuvela kwaye baguqule amahlumela amancinci. Yenza ngokukhawuleza ngokususa iindawo ezichaphazelekayo kunye nokusebenzisa unyango lwe-organic ukuba kuyimfuneko.
- Ukubola kweengcambu: Esi sesona sifo sixhaphakileyo, esibangelwa kukunkcenkceshelwa kwamanzi amaninzi kunye nokungahambi kakuhle kwamanzi. Ukuba ubona izikhondo ezithambileyo okanye amabala emazantsi, nciphisa ukunkcenkceshela, phucula amanzi, kwaye ugalele isibulala-ntsholongwane sokungunda ukuba kuyimfuneko.
- Ukuqhelanisa nokuqwalaselwa: Hambisa isityalo sakho ngaphandle kancinci kancinci kwaye ngamaxesha athile ujonge amagqabi kunye neziqu ukuze ubone iingxaki kwangoko.
- Gcina isityalo sikude nezilwanyana zasekhaya: Khumbula ukuba Dracaena marginata Inetyhefu kwizinja neekati, njengoko iqulethe i-saponins enokubangela ukuhlanza kunye nokungahambi kakuhle xa ifakwe.
- Gwema amanzi kwii-axils zamagqabi Ukuthintela i-fungus, kungcono ukunkcenkceshela isiseko, kungekhona amagqabi.
- Jikelezisa imbiza ngamaxesha athile ukuba ikwisithuba apho ukukhanya kuvela kwicala elinye kuphela, ukuqinisekisa nkqu ukukhula.
- Nxiba iiglavu xa uthena, ngakumbi ukuba unesikhumba esibucayi, njengoko i-sap inokucaphukisa.
Gcina enye I-Dracaena marginata isempilweni kwaye inomtsalane ngaphandle Kunokwenzeka ngokupheleleyo ukuba ulandela izikhokelo ezimbalwa ezisisiseko: zikhusele emakhazeni, zihloniphe iimfuno zayo zokunkcenkceshela kunye nokukhanya, khetha i-substrate efanelekileyo, ichumise ngononophelo, kwaye ibeke iliso kwizinambuzane kunye nezifo. Ngale ndlela, ungonwabela isityalo esihle, esomeleleyo, kwaye kulula ukusigcina esiza kugqama kwiipatios, iiterras, kunye negadi, kunye neendawo ezingaphakathi ezikhanyiswe kakuhle, ngelixa sikwanegalelo ekucoceni umoya.
