umntu ovuthayo (iDelonix regia), eyaziwa ngokuqhakaza kwayo okumangalisayo kunye namahlamvu anomtsalane, yenye yezona ntlobo zithandwa ngabantu abathanda ukulima igadi. Nangona kunjalo, ukulinywa kwayo njenge bonsai Inika imiceli mngeni ethile, kodwa ikwangamava anomvuzo kakhulu kwabo bajonge ukwenza umsebenzi omncinci, ophilayo wobugcisa. Kweli nqaku, uya kufunda ukwenza ibhonsai eqaqambileyo, ngolwazi oluthe kratya kunye neengcebiso eziphambili zokufezekisa umzekelo osempilweni, olungeleleneyo, kunye nobukekayo.
Iimpawu zeflamboyan: isiseko sebhonsai ephumelelayo
Umthi ovuthayo uyinzalelwane yaseMadagascar kwaye ulinywa ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo kwihlabathi jikelele ngenxa yokukhula okuchumileyo kunye neentyantyambo ezinemibala ebomvu, e-orenji okanye etyheli. Njengomthi, inokufikelela kubukhulu obukhulu, kodwa umngeni webhonsai kukulawula kunye nokunciphisa ukukhula kwayo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa bubuhle be-canopy yayo okanye ubuhle beentyantyambo zayo.
Amagqabi ayo adibeneyo kunye ne-ethe-ethe, kunye ne-trunk ethatha iimo ze-sinuous, iyenze ibe yintlobo enomdla kodwa eyinkimbinkimbi yobugcisa be-bonsai. Impumelelo kule nkqubo ixhomekeke ekuziqondeni ngokucokisekileyo iimfuno zayo kunye nokusebenzisa iindlela ezithile zokuthena, ukunkcenkceshela, ukutshintshwa, kunye nokubumba.
Ukukhethwa kunye nokuntshula kwembewu ye-flamboyant ye-bonsai
Ukuqala ibhonsai evuthayo ukusuka kwimbewu kuvumela ulawulo olukhulu phezu kokumila kunye nobukhulu bomthi. Nangona kunjalo, i imbewu flamboyant Zinesigqubuthelo esiqinileyo esenza ukuntshula kube nzima. Ukuququzelela inkqubo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kwenziwe unyango lokukrala:
- Ukutshatyalaliswa koomatshini: Iquka ukugawula idyasi yembewu kancinane de ikwazi ukufunxa amanzi.
- Ukunqongophala kwamanzi ashushu: Gxuma imbewu emanzini ashushu (angabilisi) iiyure ezininzi ukuthambisa isambatho.
Emva kokutshatyalaliswa, hlwayela imbewu kumhlaba ovulekileyo, ococekileyo, uwugcine ufumile kodwa ungenamanzi. Ukuntshula ngokuqhelekileyo kuthatha iveki enye ukuya kwezintathu.
Ingcebiso: Beka iimbiza kwindawo efudumeleyo, ekhuselekileyo, kude neqabaka okanye utshintsho olukhawulezileyo lobushushu. Iiflamboyants ezincinci zidinga ukukhanya okuninzi kunye nobushushu obuzinzileyo ukuze zikhule ngamandla.
Ukukhetha i-flamboyant encinci kunye nokutshintshwa kokuqala
Ukukhetha isithombo kungundoqo kwimpumelelo kwibhonsai. Ukhetha imizekelo ene:
- Isiqu esithe tye okanye ngokushukuma kwendalo.
- Amagqabi asempilweni angenazo izinambuzane.
- Iingcambu zisasazwe kakuhle kwaye ngaphandle kokukhubazeka.
Emva kokuba i-flamboyant iphuhlise isibini sayo sokuqala samagqabi okwenyaniso, yifake kwimbiza enkulu, uqaphele ukuba ungonakalisi iingcambu ezintle. Eli lelona xesha lilungileyo lokuqalisa ukusebenza kwisiseko sesiqu kunye nokukhuthaza ukuyilwa kwe-nebari enomtsalane (ingcambu yomphezulu eqhelekileyo yebhonsai).
Indawo kunye nokukhanya: isitshixo sokukhula okunempilo
I-flamboyant kwifomathi yebhonsai ifuna ukukhanya okuninzi kwendaloIndawo efanelekileyo ingaphandle, kwindawo efumana ilanga elithe ngqo ngexesha lasekuseni nasemva kwemini, kodwa ikhuselwe kwelona langa ligqats' ubhobhoyi phakathi kwemini ukunqanda ukutsha kwamagqabi.
- Kwiimozulu ezipholileyo, beka ibhonsai ecaleni kwefestile ejonge ngasezantsi. Ngaphakathi, qiniseka ukuba ubonelela ngesibane sokwenziwa esongezelelweyo ukuba isibane asanelanga.
- Gwema iidrafti kwaye ukhusele i-flamboyant kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi okanye iqhwa, njengoko luhlobo lwezitropiki ezihlupheka kakhulu kubanda.
Ukunkcenkceshela kunye nokufuma: ukulinganisela ukuphepha iingxaki
Ukunkcenkceshela yenye yezona zinto zibuthathaka kakhulu kwi-bonsai evuthayo. Ifuna a umhlaba ofumileyo, kodwa ayizange igalelwe ngamanzi. Amanzi amaninzi anokubangela ukubola kweengcambu, ngelixa i-substrate eyomileyo iyakuthintela ukukhula kweengcambu kwaye inokubangela ukubola.
- Amanzi xa i-surface layer ye-substrate iqala ukuma, isebenzisa amanzi kwindawo yokushisa kunye nokuphepha ukugqithisa i-trunk.
- Ngexesha lokukhula okusebenzayo (intwasahlobo kunye nehlobo), i-flamboyant inokufuna ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo, nokuba yonke imihla ukuba ishushu kakhulu. Ngexesha lokulala (ekwindla-ebusika), ukunciphisa ukuphindaphinda.
I-flamboyant ikwaxabisa indawo efumileyo kancinane. Kwiindawo ezomileyo, unokutshiza amanzi kumahlamvu ekuseni ukuthintela ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
I-Substrate kunye nembiza: iziseko zokuphumelela kwexesha elide
I-substrate efanelekileyo ye-bonsai evuthayo kufuneka ibe lula, inike amanzi angcono kakhulu, kwaye ibonelele ngezondlo. Umxube ocetyiswayo ngulo:
- 50% akadama okanye ipumice (ukugcinwa kwamanzi alawulwayo)
- I-30% ye-composted organic matter (ubonelelo lwezondlo)
- I-20% yegrabile okanye isanti erhabaxa (umbhobho wokuhambisa amanzi ngeyona ndlela)
Imbiza kufuneka ibe banzi kumanqanaba okuqala ukukhuthaza ukukhula kweengcambu kwaye emva koko ilungiswe ngokuthe ngcembe njengoko umthi ukhula. Khetha izikhongozeli ze-ceramic ezisemgangathweni, ezinzulu ngokwaneleyo ukugcina ukufuma ngaphandle kokugcina amanzi angaphezulu.
Ukuthena okutsha: iindlela zokunciphisa ubukhulu bamagqabi kunye nokulawula ukukhula
Ukunciphisa ubungakanani bamagqabi ngomnye wemicelimngeni ephambili xa ukhula umthi ovuthayo njengebhonsai, njengoko amagqabi awo anokuba makhulu ngokwendalo. Ukuthena okukhethiweyo kunye nokulawulwa kokutshatyalaliswa kwamagqabi kunceda ukuphumeza amagqabi amancinci alingana nesikali somthi.
- Uqeqesho lokuthena: Yenziwa ngexesha lokukhula okusebenzayo. Isusa amahlumela anamandla kwaye ikhethe amasebe aya kunceda ukudala isakhiwo sebhonsai.
- Ukucofa rhoqo: Susa iingcebiso zokukhula ezincinci ukukhuthaza i-lateral branching kunye nokuthintela ukunyuswa kwe-trunk ngokugqithiseleyo.
- Ukucocwa ngokuyinxenye: Ungasusa ngokuyinxenye amagqabi amakhulu ukuze wenze ukuveliswa kwamathupha amancinci kunye namagqabi.
Isexwayiso: Ungaze ususe amagqabi amaninzi kakhulu kwiseshoni enye, njengoko oku kunokuwenza buthathaka umthi.
Iingcingo kunye nokubunjwa: indlela yokubumba i-bonsai flamboyant
I-Wiring ikuvumela ukuba ukhokele amasebe amancinci amancinci ukuze afezekise ubume obufunwayo. Sebenzisa i-aluminium okanye ucingo lobhedu, ulusebenzise ngokucophelela kumasebe aguquguqukayo. Kubalulekile ukujonga ucingo rhoqo ukunqanda ukuba lungaphawuli isiqu okanye amasebe njengoko ekhula.
- Iingcingo kufuneka zenziwe xa amasebe esemancinci kwaye eguquguqukayo. Kumasebe e-lignified, kukho umngcipheko wokuphuka.
- Susa ucingo ngokukhawuleza ukuba uqaphela ukuba iqala ukufakwa kwi-bark.
Ukudityaniswa kokuthena kunye ne-wiring kuya kukuvumela ukuba wenze izitayile ezinje ngokungaqhelekanga ngokuthe nkqo, ukuthambekela, okanye i-cascading, ukulungelelanisa i-silhouette ye-flamboyant kwincasa yakho yobuqu kunye nemigaqo yebhonsai.
Ukuchumisa: Isondlo esilungeleleneyo kwi-flamboyant eyomeleleyo
I-flamboyan ifuna a isondlo esifanelekileyo ukugcina impilo yayo kunye nokukhuthaza iintyatyambo. Ngexesha lokukhula okusebenzayo (intwasahlobo kunye nehlobo), sebenzisa izichumisi ezilungeleleneyo kunye ne-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, kunye ne-potassium rhoqo kwiiveki ezimbini kwimilinganiselo ephakathi. Ngokufanelekileyo ukugcinwa kobuhle, ukuchumisa ngundoqo kubo bonke ubomi bebhonsai.
- Ekwindla nasebusika, nciphisa okanye umise ukuchumisa, ngakumbi kwimozulu apho umthi ulele.
- Ikhetha izichumisi ezilulwelo ezixutyiweyo okanye izichumisi ezicothayo ezisebenza ngokucothayo.
- Kuphephe ukuchumisa ngokugqithisileyo, njengoko kunokubangela ukukhula okugqithisileyo kwamagqabi kunye nokulahleka komlinganiselo wobuhle.
Ukutshintshwa kunye nokunakekelwa kweengcambu: ukugcina amandla ebhonsai yakho
Ukufakwa kwakhona kweengcambu ngamaxesha athile kubalulekile ukunqanda ukuphela kwe-substrate kunye nokukhuthaza ukuvuselelwa kweengcambu. I-Repot yonke iminyaka emi-2-3, rhoqo ngexesha lokukhula kokuqala, xa isityalo sisebenza kwaye sibuyisela kakuhle. Inkqubo yile:
- Susa umthi ebhodweni kwaye ususe i-substrate endala kwiingcambu.
- Sika malunga nesinye kwisithathu sezona ngcambu zinde ukukhuthaza ukukhula kweengcambu ezintsha ezibhityileyo.
- Beka kwi-substrate entsha kunye namanzi ngokucokisekileyo.
Ukutshintshela kwenye indawo kunokubangela uxinzelelo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukukhusela i-flamboyant kwilanga elibukhali kunye nedrafti eyomeleleyo kwiiveki ezimbalwa zokuqala emva kotyando.
Ukuthintela izinambuzane kunye nezifo kunye nolawulo kwi-bonsai evuthayo
Umthi ovuthayo unokuchatshazelwa zizitshabalalisi eziqhelekileyo, ezifana nentwala, mealybugs, whiteflies, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha umngundo xa ukufuma kugqithise. Ukugcina impilo yebhonsai yakho:
- Hlola amagqabi kunye namasebe ngamaxesha athile iimpawu zezinambuzane okanye amabala.
- Sebenzisa iimveliso zendalo ezifana nesepha ye-potassium okanye i-oyile ye-neem ukulawula uhlaselo kwangethuba.
- Gwema ukusebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane eziyingozi, njengoko zingonakalisa isakhiwo esithambileyo sebhonsai.
- Gcina indawo yokukhula ingena umoya kwaye ulawule ukunkcenkceshela ukuthintela ukukhula komngundo.
Ingcebiso yebhonasi: Uthintelo lungundoqo: i-flamboyant eyomeleleyo, eyondleke kakuhle ayinakuchaphazeleka kakhulu kwiingxaki ze-phytosanitary.
Ukugcinwa kweentyantyambo kunye nobuhle be-flamboyant bonsai
Omnye wemivuzo emikhulu yokukhulisa i-bonsai flamboyant kukuphumeza iintyatyambo zayo ezintle. Noko ke, ukuphumeza intyantyambo kufuna umonde nokulungelelana okugqibeleleyo kokuthena, ukuchumisa nokugqatswa elangeni.
- Kuphephe ukuthena kakhulu amasebe apho ufuna iintyatyambo zidubule, njengoko iintyatyambo ziveliswa kwiziphelo ezintsha.
- Gcina ukuchumisa okutyebileyo kwe potassium ngaphambi nangexesha lokudubula kweentyatyambo ukukhuthaza ukuveliswa kweentyatyambo.
- Musa ukutshintshela okanye ukuthena kakhulu ngexesha leentyantyambo.
Ukuthena emva kweentyantyambo kuluncedo ukugcina imilo yebhonsai kunye nokuvuselela amahlumela amatsha kwixesha elilandelayo.
Ukuziqhelanisa nemozulu kunye neengcebiso ngommandla
Umthi ovuthayo unomdla kakhulu kubanda, ngoko ke kwiindawo ezipholileyo okanye ezibandayo kufuneka zikhuselwe ngexesha leenyanga eziphantsi. Ezinye iingcebiso eziphambili:
- Yizisa ibhonsai ngaphakathi xa iqondo lobushushu lihla ngaphantsi kwe-10 ° C, libeke kwindawo eqaqambileyo, ekhuselekileyo.
- Kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo eziselunxwemeni, i-flamboyant ingahlala ngaphandle unyaka wonke, ukuba akukho mngcipheko weqabaka.
- Ukuba umthi ubonisa iimpawu zoxinzelelo olubandayo (amagqabi adibeneyo, amaqabunga amaqabunga), yenza ngokukhawuleza ukuphepha umonakalo omkhulu.
Umonde kunye nophuhliso lokubeka iliso: ubugcisa bokudala ibhonsai ekhethekileyo
Ukulinywa kwebhonsai evuthayo ngumsebenzi umonde, ukujonga kunye nohlengahlengiso oluqhubekayo. Thatha iifoto zomthi wakho ukuze ubhale ukukhula kwawo kwaye uthelekise utshintsho kuwo onke amaxesha onyaka. Lungisa iindlela zokuthena, iintambo, kunye nokunkcenkceshela ngokusekelwe kwimpendulo yomthi kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo.
Khumbula ukuba umfuziselo ngamnye wahlukile kwaye unokusabela ngokwahlukileyo kukhathalelo olufanayo. Jonga kwaye ufunde kwi-flamboyant yakho: ngulo moya wokwenyani webhonsai.
Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo kunye nendlela yokuziphepha
- Ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo: Enye yeempazamo eziqhelekileyo. Imithi evuthayo ayiwunyamezeli umhlaba onamanzi. Sebenzisa umhlaba otsalwe kakuhle kunye neembiza ezinemingxuma.
- Ukunqongophala kokukhanya: Ukukhula ekukhanyeni okuphantsi ngaphakathi kwindlu kudla ngokukhokelela ekubeni amagqabi abuthathaka kunye nokukhula okugqithisileyo kwamagatsha amade, amancinci.
- Ukuthena okungqongqo okungafanelekanga: Susa kuphela oko kuyimfuneko kwaye usasaze ukuthenwa kwiiseshoni ezininzi ukuba kuyimfuneko.
- Musa ukuyikhusela kwingqele: Umonakalo owenziwe ngamaqondo obushushu aphantsi awunakulungiseka.
Iingcebiso eziphambili zokufezekisa i-bonsai flamboyan emangalisayo
- Uqeqesho olungundoqo: Ukuba ujonge imilo enesono okanye eyothusayo, qalisa iingcingo kunye nokubumba i-trunk kwangoko. Khumbula ukuba umthi ovuthayo ukholisa ukukhula ngokuthe tye.
- Ukunciphisa amagqabi: Ziqhelanise nokususa amagqabi amagqabi ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukuze ufumane i-canopy ehlangeneyo kunye nenhle. Yenza oku kuphela kwizityalo ezisempilweni kakhulu.
- Ulawulo lobungakanani: Ukuba i-flamboyant ikhula ngokukhawuleza, yandisa ukuthena kwaye unciphise ngokukhawuleza igalelo le-nitrogen kwizichumisi.
- Unyuso lweSebe: Nciphisa iingcebiso ezikhulayo rhoqo kwaye unikeze ukukhanya okulinganayo kuyo yonke i-canopy.
Ukuba unomdla ngebhonsai kwaye ufuna iprojekthi ecela umngeni kunye nemibala, umthi ovuthayo yenye yezona zinto zinomdla kakhulu. Nangona ukulinywa kwayo kubandakanya imingeni, Umvuzo wokuncoma indebe yayo ezele ziintyatyambo ezincinci awunakuthelekiswa nanto.Thatha ixesha lokufunda, ulinge, kwaye uqhagamshele nomthi wakho: umonde uhlala ungoyena mhlobo ulungileyo kobu bugcisa. Jabulela inkqubo, kwaye ngokunyamezela, uya kufezekisa i-bonsai evuthayo eya kuba yindawo yokuqwalasela kunye nokuzingca kweqoqo lakho.