Ukufumanisa i-Asplenium ferns: Ubuhle, imbali, kunye nokuguquguquka
Imbewu yeAsplenium Ngamatye anqabileyo ebhotani anemvelaphi esusela kumaxesha angaphambi kwembali kwaye ngoku ezoyisa izithuba zangaphakathi nezangaphandle ngenxa yobuhle bazo, ukuqina, kunye neenkcukacha ezizodwa. Ukongeza kokugqama kubuhle bazo obukhethekileyo, iiAspleniums zixatyiswe ngokuguquguquka kwazo kunye nokufuna. ukhathalelo olufikelelekayo nakwigadi eqalayoKweli nqaku libanzi kwaye lineenkcukacha, uya kufumana zonke iimfihlo, amaqhinga kunye nolwazi malunga ne-Asplenium ferns, ngokugxila kumfuziselo. i-asplenium nidus, yaziwa njenge Ifeni yenyoni, kunye nakwezinye iintlobo ezifanelekileyo.
Ngendlela ebanzi, siya kugubungela yonke into ukusuka kwiimpawu zabo ze-morphological kunye ne-etymological ukuya kukhathalelo lwamanyathelo ngamanyathelo, ukusasazwa, iingxaki eziqhelekileyo, usetyenziso lokuhombisa, kunye nezinto ezinxulumene nembali kunye nenkcubeko. Funda ukubachonga, ubakhathalele, kwaye usebenzise inzuzo yabo kokubini ekuhombiseni ikhaya nasekuphuculeni umgangatho womoya..
Iimpawu zeBotanical kunye nemvelaphi ye-Asplenium ferns
Isini I-Asplenium yeyosapho Aspleniaceae kwaye yenziwe ngaphezulu kwe Iintlobo ezingama-350 zeeferns ngosasazo lwecosmopolitan. Phakathi kwabameli bayo abadumileyo bokulima ekhaya yi i-asplenium nidus (intaka yentaka), i Asplenium antiquum, i I-Asplenium scolopendrium (ulwimi lwexhama) kunye nabanye abafana I-Asplenium bulbiferum o Asplenium flabellifoliumEzi ntlobo, nangona zabelana ngeempawu ezithile, zibonelela nge-morphological kunye ne-ecological nuances ezenza zibe zodwa.
- Imvelaphi kunye nendawo yokuhlala yendalo: I-Asplenium ferns ikhula yasendle kwiindawo ezishushu kunye neendawo ezishushu zaseAsia, eOstreliya, eJapan, eIndiya, kuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia kunye nePasifiki amahlathi afumileyo nanamahlathi, kunye nakwiindawo zeentaba okanye amahlathi anomthunzi. Ziziqhelanisa njengeepiphytes emithini, ezindongeni, okanye ematyeni, zifunxa izondlo ekuboleni kwezinto eziphilayo kunye nomoya.
- I-Etymology: Igama elithi Asplenium livela kwisiGrike, apho elithi “a” lithetha “ngaphandle” lize elithi “splên” liguqulelwe ngokuthi “udakada,” libhekisela kwiinkolelo zamandulo zamayeza ngemiphumo yawo eluncedo kudakada nesibindi.
- Imorphology: Baqaqambisa ezabo amakhulu, ama-lanceolate, amagqabi abengezelayo, ngeethowuni ukusuka i-apile eluhlaza kakhulu ukuya kumnyama, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhakaIintaka zendlwane zingena lula phakathi kwazo 30 kunye ne-120 cm ubude Ngokuxhomekeke kwiintlobo kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo, nangona i-50-90 cm iyona nto ixhaphakileyo ngaphakathi. Zibonakala zicwangciswe kwirosette, ziphuma kwindawo esembindini efana ne "ndlwane."
- Ukuzala kunye nokwakheka: Zihlala ziluhlaza, zinamagqabi anombala ocolekileyo, omenyezelayo, olulusu, imida enamaza, kunye ne-midrib ecacileyo. Amagqabi athande ukugobela ezantsi njengoko ekhula.
- Ukuziqhelanisa: Zingakhulela ngaphakathi kwindlu ekukhanyeni okuphantsi, kwiipatio ezinomthunzi, okanye kwiigadi ukuba nje iqabaka iyancipha.
- Ayinatyhefu: Zikhuselekile kwizilwanyana zasekhaya nakubantwana, zikuvumela ukuba ukonwabele ubuhle babo kumakhaya kunye neendawo ekwabelwana ngazo ngaphandle komngcipheko.
Iindidi ezifakiweyo kunye neentlobo
Ezinye zezona ziqhelekileyo ze-aspleniums ekulinyweni ekhaya ziquka:
- i-asplenium nidus (): Amade, abanzi, amagqabi apheleleyo aneempawu ezikhazimlayo kunye nolungiselelo lwerozi. Ixabiseke kakhulu ngaphakathi kwindlu ngenxa yembonakalo yayo exineneyo kunye nentle.
- Asplenium antiquum: Ngokufana neyokuqala, kodwa ngamagqabi obubanzi obufanayo kunye nemiphetho yamaza. Isuka kwiMpuma Ekude kwaye ixabiswa ngenxa yokuqina kwayo.
- I-Asplenium scolopendrium (): Amagqabi alula, apheleleyo, a-lanceolate ane-sori elungelelaniswe njengemilenze ye-centipede kumzantsi wegqabi.
Iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokukhula: phi kwaye zifumaneka njani iiferns ze-Asplenium?
Isitshixo sokwenza i-Aspleniums ichume kukuxelisa indawo yazo yantlandlolo, okt. iindawo ezifumileyo, ezishushu ezinokukhanya okuninzi okusasazekayoNazi iindawo eziphambili zokubeka ngokufanelekileyo:
- Ukukhanya: Bakhetha iindawo eziqaqambileyo kakhulu kodwa ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga ngqo, etshisa kwaye ikhuphe umbala wamagqabi. Ukukhanya okuhluziweyo, okuhluzwa ngamakhethini okanye ukusuka empuma- okanye kwiifestile ezijonge ngasentla, zigqibelele. Banyamezela umthunzi othile, kodwa ukukhula kwabo kuya kucotha.
- Ubushushu: Bafuna iindawo ezipholileyo, ezinamakhefu eyona ilungileyo phakathi kwe-15 kunye ne-25 ºCAbakwazi ukunyamezela amaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kwe-10 ° C, kwaye ingqele egqithisileyo inokubangela i-necrosis yamaphethelo kunye namabala amdaka. Kungcono ukubakhusela kwiidrafti ezibandayo kunye nezishushu.
- Iimeko ezingqongileyo ezifumileyo: Zilungele amagumbi okuhlambela kunye namakhitshi anokukhanya kwendalo, okanye ecaleni kwezinto zokufuma kunye neetreyi zamanzi ezinamahlalutye ukonyusa ukufuma. Kwiindawo ezomileyo, amagqabi awo anokulahlekelwa ngamandla kwaye abe brittle.
- Ngaphandle: Kwiindawo ezinomoya opholileyo, ezingenayo iqabaka, zinokukhuliswa kwi-patios, i-terraces, indawo enomthunzi okanye i-semi-shaded, kunye neegadi, ngaphandle kokuba zingabonakali kwimimoya eqinile okanye kwindawo eyomileyo.
I-Substrate kunye nokutshintshwa: Umhlaba ofanelekileyo kwi-Asplenium ferns
I-substrate ibalulekile ekukhuleni okuchanekileyo kwe-Asplenium:
- Ukukhanya, kugalelwe amanzi: Umxube ofanelekileyo ubandakanya i-peat, i-perlite, kunye ne-worm castings okanye umgquba kwiindawo ezilinganayo, ukuqinisekisa ukugcinwa komswakama ngaphandle kokungena kwamanzi. Imixube yomhlaba we-heather, isanti, kunye ne-peat, okanye i-substrates yezorhwebo yezityalo eziluhlaza, nayo inokusebenza.
- I-acidic encinci pH: Bakhetha umhlaba omuncu okanye ongathathi hlangothi. I-pH ephakathi kwe-5,5 kunye ne-6,5 ifanelekile.
- Kuphephe ukuxinana: IAspleniums, ingakumbi iiepiphytes, aziwunyamezeli umhlaba oxineneyo okanye onzima njengoko zinokubola lula.
- Ukufakelwa kwakhona: Rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini, okanye xa imbiza ikhula, yiphinde uyibeke entwasahlobo okanye xa isityalo siqala ukukhula. Sebenzisa isiseko segrabile okanye iingqalutye zodongwe ezandisiweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthuthwa kwamanzi.
- Icebiso: Lindela iintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuthenga ukubuyisela, ukuvumela isityalo ukuba siqhelane nendawo yaso entsha.
Ukunkcenkceshela kunye nokufuma: Njani kwaye nini ukunkcenkceshela
Inkalo ebalulekileyo ye-Asplenium yibhalansi yamanzi. Bafuna i-substrate emanzi kodwa ayinamanzi kunye nokufuma okusingqongileyo okuzinzileyo:
- Rhoqo: Amanzi xa umphezulu we-substrate uqala ukumisa kwi-touch, ukwandisa ukuphindaphinda ehlotyeni kwaye unciphise ebusika (kunokufuna ukunkcenkceshela zonke iintsuku ezingama-2-3 kwiinyanga ezifudumele kunye neveki kwiinyanga ezibandayo).
- Indlela efanelekileyo: Ukunkcenkceshela ukuntywiliselwa okanye "indlela ye-saucer" zezona zinconywayo: faka imbiza kwisitya esinamanzi imizuzu embalwa, yivumele ukuba ifunxe kwaye isuse ukugqithisa.
- Amanzi asemgangathweni: Sebenzisa ngokukhethekileyo amanzi emvula okanye amanzi athanjiswe ukuthintela ukuqokelelwa kweetyuwa kwi-substrate ebuthathaka ye-ferns.
- Kuphephe ukumanzisa iziko: Xa unkcenkceshela, qaphela ukuba ungathambisa intliziyo ye-rosette, ukuphepha izifo zefungal.
- Ukufuma: Gcoba amagqabi rhoqo ngamanzi angenayo i-lime, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezomileyo okanye ezinomoya opholileyo, kodwa kungekhona ngokukhawuleza emva kokunkcenkceshela ukukhusela ukukhula kwefungal.
- Amaqhinga: Beka imbiza kwiingqalutye ezimanzi ngaphandle kokuba umzantsi uchukumise amanzi okanye usebenzise izinto zokufuma zombane ebusika.
Ukuchumisa nokuchumisa
Ukuchumisa kunegalelo kumandla kunye nobuhle be-Asplenium:
- Ixesha: Ukuchumisa kufuneka kuqhutywe kakhulu ngexesha lokukhula okusebenzayo (intwasahlobo nehlobo).
- Isichumisi: Sebenzisa isichumiso solwelo ngokukodwa kwizityalo eziluhlaza okanye iifern, ezixutywe kwisiqingatha sedosi ecetyiswayo ukuphepha ukutshiswa kweekhemikhali kwiingcambu ezibuthathaka. Idosi efanelekileyo: rhoqo kwiiveki ezi-2-4 ngexesha lexesha elisebenzayo.
- Kuphephe ukuhlawula kakhulu: Ukutya kakhulu kunokwakha iityuwa eziyingozi kwaye konakalise isityalo.
- Musa ukuchumisa kwi-substrate eyomileyo: Nkcenkceshela kancinci phambi kokuchumisa ukuthintela ukonakala kweengcambu.
Ukuthenwa nokulondolozwa: Amagqabi acocekileyo nasempilweni
Ukugcinwa rhoqo kubalulekile kwimeko entle kunye ne-aesthetics ye-Asplenium:
- Ukuprintwa: Susa amagqabi awomileyo, atyheli, okanye awonakeleyo usebenzisa isikere esicocekileyo nesingenazintsholongwane. Oku kuthintela izifo kwaye kukhuthaze ukukhula okutsha.
- Ukucoca: Amagqabi aqokelela uthuli ngokulula; zisule ngobunono ngelaphu elimanzi okanye ibhola yomqhaphu efakwe emanzini (unokongeza amathontsi ambalwa eviniga ukuba uthanda ukukhanya okungaphezulu). Musa ukusebenzisa iimveliso ezinqabileyo.
- Ukuthenwa okuqatha akuxhaphakanga: Susa ngokulula amagqabi amadala okanye awonakeleyo, njengoko ukuthena okanye ukucheba ngokugqithisileyo akuyomfuneko kwaye akuncedi.
Ukuveliswa kunye nokuphindaphinda kwe-Asplenium ferns
Ukusasaza i-Asplenium yinkqubo enomdla nangona inokufuna umonde:
- Ukuzala kwakhona ngesondo: I-Asplenium ferns ayivelisi iintyatyambo okanye imbewu, kodwa ivelisa kwakhona iimbewu, ibekwe ngasemva amagqabi kwizakhiwo ebizwa iiosos (zibonakala njengamachaphaza amnyama, imigca, okanye amaqela). Ukusasaza:
- Khupha i-sori evuthiweyo ephepheni kwaye usasaze umgubo kwindawo emanzi, eneasidi, entsholongwane.
- Gcina isitya sigqunyiwe (ngeglasi okanye iplastiki) kwindawo efudumeleyo, esasazekileyo, ukuphepha ukukhanya kwelanga.
- Emva kweeveki okanye iinyanga ezimbalwa, iifern ezincinci ziya kuntshula kwaye zinokutyalwa xa zifumene amagqabi.
- icandelo leRhizome: Nangona ingaxhaphakanga kwezinye iintlobo (ezifana nendlwane yeentaka), kwii-nursery ezikhethekileyo zinokusasazwa ngokwahlula iinxalenye zerhizome enamagqabi kunye neengcambu. Hlala usenza oku ngexesha lokukhula okusebenzayo ukukhuthaza i-rooting.
Izitshabalalisi kunye neZigulo: Ukhuseleko kunye noNyango
Ngaphandle kokuqina kwazo, i-Asplenium ferns inokujongana neengozi ezininzi:
- Mealybugs: Ngokuqhelekileyo zivela kwiindawo ezomileyo. Zibonwa ngamachokoza azo amhlophe okanye atyheli kunye nokuncamathela okuncangathi kumazantsi emagqabi. Zisuse ngesandla ngebhola yomqhaphu efakwe etywaleni okanye usebenzise iimveliso ze-organic ezifana nesepha ye-potassium kunye ne-oyile ye-neem.
- Isigcawu esibomvu kunye namangolwane: Iimpawu: Amagqabi atyheli, omile, okanye anentambo yentambo. Yandisa ukufuma kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, sebenzisa ii-acaricides ezithile ezihambelana neeferns.
- Ifungus kunye nokubola: Amanzi amaninzi abangela ukubola kwiingcambu kunye nesiseko se rosette. Nciphisa ukunkcenkceshela, phucula amanzi, kwaye usebenzise imichiza yokungunda ukuba kuvela amabala amnyama, amdaka, okanye afakwe emanzini.
- Iintsholongwane kunye neentsholongwane: Zinqabile, kodwa zinokubangela i-necrotic okanye amabala afakwe emanzini emaphethelweni kunye namakhonkco kumagqabi amancinci. Akukho unyango lonyango: susa iindawo ezichaphazelekayo ukukhusela ukusasazeka.
- Uthintelo: Gcina ucoceko, khupha umoya kwindawo, ugweme ukumanzisa ngokugqithiseleyo okanye ukuyibeka kwidrafti egqithisileyo. Jonga isityalo rhoqo.
Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo kunye nezisombululo
- Amagqabi amthubi: Oku kudla ngokubangwa lilanga elithe ngqo, ukunqongophala kwesichumisi, okanye i-pH engekho mgangathweni. Beka isityalo kwindawo enomthunzi kwaye ukhangele i-substrate.
- Iincam ezimdaka okanye ezomileyo: Ibonisa amaqondo obushushu aphantsi, uyilo okanye indawo eyomileyo.
- Bola kwisiseko: Ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo okanye ukungaphumi kakuhle kwamanzi. Lungisa ukunkcenkceshela kwaye uqinisekise ukuba imbiza ikhupha ngokufanelekileyo.
- Ukunqongophala kokukhula: Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokungabikho kokukhanya, izondlo, okanye imbiza encinci kakhulu. Guqula indawo kwaye uchume.
Iingcebiso ezongezelelweyo ngokuxhomekeke kwiintlobo
- I-Asplenium Antiquum: Ikhetha umxube womhlaba we-heather, isanti, kunye ne-peat ngokulinganayo. Kungcono ukufakela entlakohlaza kwaye utyiswe rhoqo kwiiveki ezimbini ngesichumiso se-foliar.
- I-Asplenium scolopendrium: Inyamezela ingqele ngakumbi kwaye iqhelana nezitiya ezinomthunzi.
Ukukhetha, ukuthenga kunye nokulungelelanisa
- Khetha amagqabi aluhlaza, aqinileyo, nangonakaliswanga: Jonga isiseko kunye neengcambu, ekufuneka zibe zintsha kwaye zixinene.
- Ziphephe izityalo ezineendawo ezikrokrisayo okanye izinambuzane: Uthintelo lungcono kunokunyanga iingxaki ezizayo.
- Vumela iintsuku ezimbalwa zokuziqhelanisa emva kokuthenga: Phambi kokuba uyifake kwakhona, yiyeke i-fern iqhelane nekhaya layo elitsha.
Ukuhlobisa kunye nokusetyenziswa: I-Asplenium njenge-protagonist ngaphakathi nangaphandle
IAsplenium fern, ingakumbi indlwane yentaka, yenye yezityalo ze eyona ixatyisiweyo umhombiso wangaphakathi Ngenxa yembonakalo yayo eqingqiweyo kunye nokulula ukuyigcina, ifanelekile:
- Iimbiza zokuxhoma, iiplanti eziphantsi, i-terrariums okanye njengento ephakathi kwiikona ezikhanyayo.
- Yongeza umthamo kunye nokuhamba kumagumbi amancinci, izitudiyo, amagumbi okuhlala kunye neeofisi.
- Hlaziya amagumbi okuhlambela kunye namakhitshi ukwenza indawo yendalo kunye nentsha.
- Sebenzisa amandla akho isicoci somoya kunye netyhefu ephantsi kwizilwanyana zasekhaya nasebantwaneni.
Ngaphandle, iqhelana neepatios ezinomthunzi okanye iigadi zemithi, ukuba nje amaqondo obushushu angekho kakhulu.
Usetyenziso olulolunye, izinto ezinomdla kunye nexabiso lenkcubeko
Iiferns zihamba nabantu ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, kwaye i-Asplenium genus ayifani. Kwiinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo, indlwane yentaka ifuzisela ukhuseleko, ubomi obude kunye nobutshaZiyaziwayo kwizithethe kunye nezithethe zokuqina kwazo kunye nokudibanisa nokucoceka kwendalo. Ngaphezu koko, kumakhaya anamhlanje, amele uxhulumaniso nendalo kunye nokuphila okuzinzileyo kunye nempilo.
Ukukwazi kwabo ukuphumelela kwiimeko ezimbi, kubandakanywa neekona ezinokukhanya okuncinci kakhulu okanye ukufuma okuphezulu, kubenza babe ngumthombo wokuvuselela iindawo ezibuthuntu okanye ezingabonakaliyo, zihlala zikhumbula iimeko zendawo yokuhlala yazo.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo malunga neAsplenium Ferns
- Yeyiphi ingcebiso ephambili yokukhathalela i-Asplenium nidus?
Ukubonelela ngokukhanya okuqaqambileyo okungathanga ngqo, kunqande ukukhanya kwelanga, gcina i-substrate ifumile kodwa ingabi namanzi amaninzi, kwaye uqinisekise ukufuma okuphezulu. Iqondo lobushushu kufuneka lihlale lizinzile kwaye lingaze lehle ngaphantsi kwe-10°C. - Ngaba zinokuphinda zenziwe kwakhona ekhaya?
Kuyenzeka ukuba usasaze nge-spores, nangona kufuna umonde kunye nendawo elawulwayo. Ukusasazwa ngokwahlulwa kwerhizome kugcinelwe iisampulu ezivuthiweyo kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo kukhawuleza. - Ngaba zikhuselekile kwizilwanyana zasekhaya nakubantwana?
Ewe, i-Asplenium ferns ayinayo ityhefu, ibenza balungele amakhaya anezilwanyana zasekhaya okanye abantwana abancinci. - Kutheni kuvela amabala amdaka okanye imiphetho eyomileyo?
Zinokubangelwa yimisinga yomoya obandayo, ukufuma okuphantsi, ukukhanya okuthe ngqo okugqithisileyo, okanye ukungalingani kokunkcenkceshela. - Yintoni enokuyenza ukuba amagqabi akhangeleka emdaka okanye enothuli?
Coca ngelaphu elimanzi okanye ibhola yomqhaphu. Musa ukusebenzisa iikhemikhali eziqatha. - Indlela yokubuyisela i-fern ngamagqabi omileyo?
Yandisa ukufuma kwe-ambient, lungisa ukunkcenkceshela, susa amagqabi omileyo, kwaye uphephe iidrafti ezomileyo. Imekobume efumileyo nenomthunzi ngundoqo wokubuyisela. - Apho ukuthenga iifern eziphilileyo?
Kwii-nursery kunye neevenkile ezikhethekileyo zegadi. Khetha iisampulu ezintsha ezingenamonakalo obonakalayo okanye iimpawu zezinambuzane okanye izifo.
Akukho nto efana nobukho be-Asplenium fern ukuguqula nayiphi na indawo. Ukuqina kwabo, ubuhle, kunye nokukwazi ukuhlambulula umoya kubenza kube ukubheja okukhuselekileyo kwabo bafuna ukudibanisa i-aesthetics kunye nokusebenza kuyo nayiphi na indawo eluhlaza. Ngokhathalelo olufanelekileyo kunye nengqalelo kwiimfuno zabo ezithile, i-Aspleniums ivuza ngempilo, ubuhle, kunye nobomi obude. Ke, baye bazimisela njengabadlali abaphambili kumakhaya anamhlanje kunye neeprojekthi zemveli nezexesha elizayo.
