Isikhokelo esiGqibeleleyo sokuKhula iArugula kwiimbiza: Ukutyala, ukukhathalela, kunye nokuvunwa

I-Arugula, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-rocket, ligqabi elimnandi elityiwayo losapho lwe-brassica, elinxulumene nekhaphetshu, i-broccoli, kunye nemostade. imvelaphi ikummandla weMeditera kunye ne-Western Asia, kwaye ukususela kumaxesha amandulo kuye kwaxatyiswa zombini ngenxa yayo incasa eqholiweyo kancinane kunye neempawu zayo zesondlo kunye nezamayeza. Namhlanje, i-arugula isithako seenkwenkwezi kwiisaladi kunye nezitya ze-gourmet, kunye nayo isityalo esenziwe ngobumba Kulula kakhulu ukuba kwanabo batsha kwigadi yasezidolophini banokufikelela ngokulula kwisiphumo esiyimpumelelo.

Kutheni ukhulisa i-arugula embizeni?

Ukukhula kwe-arugula embizeni kuyindlela esebenzayo kunye nemveliso, efanelekileyo ekusebenziseni iibhalkhoni, iifestile, okanye izithuba ezincinci ekhaya. Esi sityalo sikhula ngokukhawuleza, ayifuni khathalelo enkulu okanye indawo kwaye inokuvelisa amagqabi amatsha phantse ngokuqhubekayo. Iingcambu zayo azinzulu, ngoko ifanelekile ngokugqibeleleyo iimbiza ezincinci okanye izixhobo zokutyala ezinganzulwanga.

Ngaphezu koko, i-arugula yenye yezona mifuno zilula ukukhula. Ukuqina kwayo, ukuguquguquka, kunye nokuntshula okukhawulezayo kuyenza igqibelele kwabaqalayo okanye abo bajonge ukuzama ukulima edolophini ngaphandle kobunzima.

Iinzuzo eziphambili ze-arugula

• Unesondlo kwaye usempilweni: Isityebi kwi-potassium, i-calcium, i-magnesium, isinyithi, i-fiber, kunye ne-vitamin C. Kunconywa njengenkxaso echasene ne-anemia, ukuqhina, kunye nokuqinisa impilo yamehlo.
• Imfuno yendawo ephantsi: Ifanelekile kwiigadi zasezidolophini okanye iibhalkhoni.
• Ukukhula ngokukhawuleza: Kwiiveki nje ezimbalwa ikuvumela ukuba uqalise ukuvuna.
• Ilungele ukusetyenziswa okutsha: Kungcono ukuyidla ikrwada ukusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo izondlo kunye nencasa yayo.
• Ukuziqhelanisa neemozulu ezahlukeneyo: Ingakhula ngamaxesha amaninzi onyaka.

Iindidi zeArugula: Yeyiphi onokuyikhetha?

Kwiimarike, kuqhelekile ukufumana iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neentlobo phantsi kwegama eliqhelekileyo elithi "arugula." Iindidi eziphambili zezi:

• I-Diplotaxis tenuifolia: Yaziwa njenge arugula yasendle, inegqabi elibhityileyo kunye nencasa ebukhali, enencasa encinci kunye nencasa ekrakra.
• I-Diplotaxis muralis: Ngokufana neyangaphambili, ekwabizwa ngokuba yimostade yasendle, enamagqabi adibeneyo kunye nencasa yeempawu.
• Eruca sativa (o Eruca vesicaria): I-arugula "yenyani", enamagqabi abanzi kunye ne-flavour epholileyo, encinci ebabayo kwaye iphelele kwiisaladi.

Xa ukhetha imbewu, jonga igama lenzululwazi kwipakethi: umahluko kwincasa kunye nokwakheka kuyaphawuleka, kunye neentlobo zasendle ezixhathisayo kwaye iintlobo zesativa zikhula ngokukhawuleza.

Nini ukutyala i-arugula embizeni?

Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zokukhula kwe-arugula kukuba ingahlwayelwa phantse unyaka wonke, ngaphandle kwamaxesha okubanda kakhulu kunye nomngcipheko weqabaka eqatha. Elona qondo lobushushu lokuntshula kufuneka libe ngaphezulu kwe 12°C, nangona kwimozulu epholileyo ungatyala nanini na.

• Entwasahlobo nasekwindla: Awona maxesha alungileyo okuhlwayela ukuba ujonge amagqabi akumgangatho ophezulu anencasa ekrakra.
• Ihlobo: Umjikelo ukhawulezelwa bubushushu; isityalo sinokudubula kwangaphambili kwaye incasa iya kuba namandla. Kunconywa ukuhlwayela inyanga nenyanga okanye inyanga nesiqingatha.
• Ubusika: Kwimimandla epholileyo, ungahlwayela kwindawo ekhuselweyo kwingqele egqithisileyo. I-Arugula ikhula kancinci, kodwa igcina umjikelo onamandla.

Ukuba utyala ekwindla okanye ebusika, zama ukubeka imbiza kwindawo apho ifumana ilanga elithe ngqo kwaye ikhuselwe emoyeni nakwiqabaka.

Iimfuno ze-substrate kunye nohlobo lwembiza

Arugula Ayifuni malunga ne-substrate okanye ubungakanani bebhodweIqhelana kakuhle ne-universal substrates, nangona ikhula ngcono ngakumbi kumhlaba okhanyayo, okhutshiweyo kakuhle otyebileyo kwizinto eziphilayo.

• Inxalenye entsha entsha: Ungasebenzisa i-substrate yendalo yonke okanye eyenzelwe ngokukodwa iigadi zasezidolophini. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, xuba kwi-compost esele ikhulile okanye igalelwe iintshulube (umlinganiselo we-70% we-universal substrate ukuya kuma-30% womgquba ugqwesile).
• Inxalenye engaphantsi esetyenziswe kwakhona: Hlaziya phambi kokuhlwayela ngakunye ngokugalela umgquba, ukugalelwa kweentshulube okanye isichumiso esiphilayo endaweni yezondlo ezilahlekileyo ngokunkcenkceshelwa kwangaphambili.

Ngokubhekiselele kwisitya, nayiphi na into yokutyala, ibhokisi yomthi, iplastiki okanye imbiza yodongwe iya kwenza. Ubunzulu obuncinci obufunekayo budla ngo-12-15 cm, ekubeni iingcambu zawo azinzulu. Umgama ofanelekileyo phakathi kwezityalo yi-5 cm. Tyala ngokwemiqolo okanye ngamaqela, uvumele indawo yokungena umoya.

Indlela yokutshala i-arugula ngokuchanekileyo?

I-Arugula inokuhlwayelwa ngokuthe ngqo kumhlaba wokubumba, ukuphepha ukutshintshwa ukuze kuncitshiswe uxinzelelo kwisityalo. Ukuba uyanqweneleka, iitreyi zembewu nazo ziyasebenza, kodwa aziyomfuneko ngokungqongqo ngenxa yokuntshula kwazo.

1. Ukulungiswa kweSubstrate: Gcwalisa imbiza ngomhlaba wokugalela kwaye uwunyakamise kancinci. Qinisekisa ukuba ikhupha kakuhle ukunqanda ukugcwala kwamanzi.
2. Ukusasazwa kwembewu: Ukusasaza imbewu ngokulinganayo, ushiye ubuncinane i-2,5 ukuya kwi-5 cm phakathi kwendawo nganye (kuxhomekeke kubukhulu begqabi obufunayo).
3. Ubunzulu bokuhlwayela: Gquma imbewu ngomhlaba omncinci, ungabi ngaphezu kwe-0,3-0,5 cm. Kuphephe ukubangcwaba ngokugqithisileyo.
4. Ukunkcenkceshela kokuqala: Gcoba amanzi ngobunono kwi-substrate ukuze ungagxothi imbewu.

Ukuhluma ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka kwiintsuku ezingama-2-7, kuxhomekeke kubushushu bendawo. Nje ukuba izityalo zibe namagqabi okwenyaniso ambalwa, zicuthe xa kukho imfuneko ukuvumela ukwahlukana okwaneleyo kwaye uthintele izityalo ezibambekayo.

Indawo: ilanga, umthunzi kunye nendawo efanelekileyo

Enye yamandla e-arugula yiyo ukulungelelanisa kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokukhanya. Ingakhula elangeni elipheleleyo okanye emthunzini:

• Ihlobo: Ikhetha ukuba kwindawo ezinomthunzi othile, ngakumbi ngexesha leeyure ezisembindini zosuku, ukuyithintela ukuba ingadubuli kwangethuba.
• Entwasahlobo nasekwindla: Iyakunyamezela kwaye iyakuxabisa ukukhanya kwelanga. Ngeli xesha lonyaka, amagqabi anencasa elungeleleneyo.

Zama ukubeka imbiza kwindawo ekhuselweyo kwimimoya enamandla kunye nokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza kweqondo lokushisa.

Ukunkcenkceshela okufanelekileyo: ukuphindaphinda kunye nenkqubo yokunkcenkceshela

Ukunkcenkceshela yinkalo ebalulekileyo yophuhliso olufanelekileyo. Arugula ikhetha iisubstrates ezihlala zifumile kancinci kodwa zingenamanziUkunkcenkceshela ngokungafanelekanga kunokukhuthaza izifo zefungal okanye kubangele ukuba amagqabi alahlekelwe umgangatho.

• Ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo: Nkcenkceshela rhoqo, ukonyusa amaxesha kwimozulu efudumeleyo (yonke imihla ukuba i-substrate yoma ngokukhawuleza) kwaye uhlukanise amanzi ngexesha lasebusika.
• Inkqubo ecetyiswayo: Ukunkcenkceshela nge-drip kukulungele ukugcina inqanaba lokufuma elizinzileyo.

Kuphephe ukumanzisa amagqabi rhoqo ukuthintela ukuvela kokungunda okufana nomgubo wokungunda kunye nomhlwa.

Ukuchumisa kunye nokujikeleziswa kwezityalo

Arugula Ayifuni kwizondlo, kodwa iya kuphendula ngokufanelekileyo ukuba utyebisa i-substrate ngaphambi kokuhlwayela nganye, ngakumbi ukuba ukhula ngokulandelelana embizeni enye. Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi, ungabonisana malunga Ukukhula kwe-arugula embizeni.

• Izichumisi ezicetyiswayo: Sebenzisa i-compost, i-worm castings, okanye isichumiso esiphilayo rhoqo xa uhlaziya i-substrate. Ukuba ubona amagqabi atyheli okanye ukukhula kakubi, yongeza isichumisi se-organic liquid diluted emva kokuntshula.
• Ukujikeleziswa kwezityalo: Kuphephe ukutyala i-arugula kwisikhongozeli esinye ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuthintela ukuncipha komhlaba kunye nokwakheka kwepathogen. Ukutshintshana neminye imifuno enamagqabi okanye uphumze isubstrate ngomgquba oluhlaza.

Ukhathalelo olusisiseko lwe-arugula yeembiza

• Ukukhanya: Iyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa nelanga kunye ne-semi-shade.
• Umhlaba: Zityebile kwizinto eziphilayo, ezinomoya kakuhle kwaye zikhupha amanzi.
• Unkcenkceshelo: Ihlala rhoqo kodwa ayikhukuliswanga.
• Isithuba: Shiya indawo eyaneleyo xa utyala ukuthintela ukhuphiswano.
• Ukucoca: Susa ukhula olunokukhuphisana okanye lutsale izitshabalalisi.

Ukuvuna: Nini kwaye njani ukuvuna i-arugula?

Arugula Inokuvunwa emva kweentsuku ezingama-20-30. ukusuka ekuhlwayeleni, xa amagqabi efikelela phakathi kwe-10 kunye ne-15 cm ubude. Abancinci bona, ithenda ngakumbi kwaye inonongo omncinci isiphumo. Ukufumana isivuno esiqhubekayo, ungabonisana ukuhlwayela i-arugula embizeni.

• Mfutshane ngamagqabi angaphandle kuphela, ishiya intliziyo yesityalo somelele ukuze siqhubeke sivelisa.
• Ungavuna amatyeli amaninzi kwisityalo esinye ukuba nje awuyi kuncothula ingcambu.
• Las flores Amagqabi e-Arugula nawo ayatyiwa, nangona incasa yawo ibukhali.
• Ukuba ufuna ukuqokelela imbewu, vumela izityalo ezimbalwa zigqibe umjikelo wazo kwaye zomise imidumba yazo ngokupheleleyo kwisityalo. Unokuzigubungela nge-muslin okanye isikhwama sephepha ukuze uqokelele imbewu ngokulula.

Ukuvuna rhoqo kunceda ukwandisa ubomi besityalo esivelisayo kwaye kuthintele ukuba singadubuli kwangoko, nto leyo ingabangela ukuba amagqabi abe krakra.

Izinambuzane kunye nezifo ekulinyweni kwe-arugula

Nangona luhlobo oluqinileyo, i-arugula inokuchatshazelwa zizinambuzane kunye nezifo, ngakumbi kwiimeko zokufuma okuphezulu kunye nobushushu:

• Isilumko: Izinambuzane ezincinci ezidibana kumahlumela amancinci kunye namagqabi. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ulwe nazo ngokusebenzisa ulawulo lwebhayoloji (i-ladybugs) okanye ukutshiza izicatshulwa zendalo ezifana nesepha ye-potassium okanye i-oyile ye-neem.
• Abavukuzi bamagqabi kunye neethrips: Babangela amabala kunye neegalari emagqabini. Gcina iliso kwisityalo kwaye ususe ngesandla iindawo ezichaphazelekayo.
• Impukane yeklabishi: Ibangela ukonakala kweengcambu kwaye idodobalise ukukhula. Ukusebenzisa i-substrate ecocekileyo kunye nokujikeleza kunceda ukukhusela oku.
• Iinkumba kunye ne-slugs: Ngokukodwa kuyingozi kwiindawo ezifumileyo, unokukhusela imbiza yakho ngokuyijikeleza ngothuthu, amaqokobhe amaqanda atyumkileyo, okanye imiqobo yomzimba.
• Umngundo womphunga y umhlwa: Izifo zokungunda eziqhelekileyo zenzeka xa amagqabi emanzi kakhulu. Ukungunda kubonwa ngamachokoza amhlophe, kunye nomhlwa ngamaqhuma emagqabini. Ukuthintela oku, amanzi kwisiseko kwaye ugweme ukufuma okugqithisileyo. Ukuba ibonakala, phatha nge-nettle okanye i-horsetail slurry kunye nomxube weoli ye-neem kunye nesoda yokubhaka. Isibulali-ntsholongwane sobisi esixutyiweyo sinokusebenza.

Iingcebiso zokugcina i-arugula ivelisa unyaka wonke

• Ukuhlwayela ngokugxadazela: Tyala rhoqo kwiiveki ezintathu okanye ezine ukuze ube namagqabi amatsha ngokuqhubekayo.
• Dibanisa izityalo: Unokudibanisa i-arugula kunye nezinye izityalo ezinamaqabunga okanye ezivumba kwibhodwe elifanayo, ukukhuthaza i-biodiversity kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wezinambuzane.
• Lawula iintyatyambo: Kwiinyanga ezishushu, ukukhusela isityalo kwilanga elithe ngqo kunceda ukulibazisa ukudubula kwaye kwandisa ixesha lokuvuna.
• Faka umoya kwi-substrate: Ngamanye amaxesha susa umaleko ophezulu kwaye ususe inkunkuma yamagqabi omileyo ukunciphisa ukukhula kwefungi.

Ukusetyenziswa kunye nokugcinwa kwe-arugula

Ukusebenzisa iipropathi zayo zezondlo, Kukulungele ukusebenzisa i-arugula eluhlaza Esandula kuvunwa. Yongeza kwiisaladi, iipizza, ipasta, kunye neepestos ukuze ufumane into entsha kunye nesiqholo. Ukuba uvuna i-arugula eninzi kunoko unokuyisebenzisa, yigcine kwisikhenkcisi kwisingxobo esingangeni moya kunye netawuli yephepha ukuthintela ukufuma nokubola kwamagqabi.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo malunga nokuKhulisa iArugula embizeni

• Ndingayisebenzisa kwakhona i-substrate evela kwezinye imifuno? Ewe, kodwa hlala wongeza i-compost entsha okanye i-worm castings ukuze uzalise izondlo.
• Ndingenza ntoni ukuba i-arugula yam idubula ngokukhawuleza? Oku kuqhelekile kwiimeko ezishushu, zama ukutyala kumthunzi ophakathi okanye uvune amagqabi phambi kokuba udubule.
• Ihlala ixesha elingakanani i-arugula embizeni? Umjikelo wayo umfutshane (inyanga enye okanye ezimbini de idubule), ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba kuhlwayelwe ngokulandelelanayo ukugcina imveliso eqhubekayo.
• Ndenze ntoni ngembewu? Xa sele zivuthiwe, zigcine zomile kwindawo epholileyo, emnyama ukuze ulinywe kwixesha elizayo.

Ukukhulisa i-arugula embizeni yenye yezona ndlela zilula kwaye ezinomvuzo zokuzama ukulima edolophini. Ukuntshula kwayo ngokukhawuleza, ukugcinwa okuphantsi, kunye nolonwabo lokuba namagqabi amatsha kwenza i-arugula ibe liqabane eliyimfuneko kwabo bafuna ukutya okunempilo nokuzinzileyo Ukusuka ekhaya. Ngokulandela amanyathelo afanelekileyo kunye nokhathalelo oluncinci, ungonwabela isivuno esikhulu ixesha elininzi lonyaka, uzenzela wena iisaladi zakho kunye nezitya ozithandayo ngencasa eyahlukileyo, enencasa enesiqholo enokunikelwa kuphela yi-arugula esandula kusikwa.