Ukhozi olutya ukhozi (URhamnus alaternus) yi Isihlahla esihlala siluhlaza kwiMeditera Iqinile kakhulu kwaye igcinwa iphantsi, ilungele uthango oluhlala luluhlaza, ixeriscapes kunye neendawo eziselunxwemeni. Ibalasele ngenxa yayo amagqabi anesikhumba nabengezelayo, isiqe intyatyambo yobusi kunye zabo iziqhamo zokuhombisa ukusuka kobomvu ukuya kumnyama xa uvuthiwe. Luhlobo oluthile eyobe, ngoko ke ukufumana isiqhamo kuyacetyiswa ukuba kubekho i-specimen yendoda nebhinqa. Ukuziqhelanisa noku umhlaba ohlwempuzekileyo, onamatye ongenamanzi amancinane ukwenza ubhejo olukhuselekileyo kwiigadi ezinemozulu efudumeleyo, eyomileyo, nakwiindawo ezinobusika obubandayo obuphakathi.
Iimpawu zeBotanical zeRhamnus alaternus
Eyosapho lwe Rhamnaceae, iifom ze-haladierno amatyholo ashinyeneyo okanye imithi emincinci, enobude obuqhelekileyo be 3-4 m kunye nobubanzi kufutshane 2 m phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo. Ibonisa a inamasebe kwaye ithwele ngokuthe tye, omelele ngandlel’ ithile, namasebe anemibala emnyama mdaka ezibamba amagqabi enye de 2-6 cm, ngokupheleleyo okanye ngomda ndimazinyo kancinci, yemilo eguquguqukayo (i-ovate, i-elliptical okanye i-lanceolate) kunye nokuthungwa ngesikhumba.
Amagqabi ukuzingisa kunye nekhazimulayo, ngaphezulu eluhlaza obunzulu kumphezulu ongaphezulu kwaye imnyama noko kumzantsi. Iintyatyambo, zilumkile kodwa inevumba elimnandi kunye nemveliso yobusi, ivela ngaphakathi Iibhendi ngeentyatyambo ezincinci eziluhlaza-tyheli kwii-axils zamagqabi. Imizekelo yabasetyhini, phambi kwendoda, ivelisa iziqhamo kunye namaqunube e-globose I-4-6 mm ukuba utshintsho ukusuka obomvu a abamnyama xa ukhulile, kakhulu nomtsalane kwiintaka.
Sisityalo rustic kakhulu kwaye iguquguquke: iyanyamezela ukufuma okuphantsi kokusingqongileyo, imihlaba ihlwempu kunye namathambo, kwaye unayo ubuncinane beemfuno zesondlo. Ukukhula kwayo phakathi (malunga ne-20-30 cm / ngonyaka kwiimeko ezilungileyo) kwaye, emva kokusekwa, kubonisa okuphawulekayo ukuzimela kwamanzi.
Indawo yokuhlala kunye nokuhanjiswa kwendalo
I-aladierno isasazwa kulo lonke ummandla weMeditera kwaye ingaphakathi i-maquis, i-chaparral, i-oki kunye ne-pine groves, ukunyuka ukusuka kwinqanaba lolwandle ukuya kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ngeenxa zonke 1300-1600 m asl Ikhula ngokuzenzekelayo ngaphakathi amathambeka, imida, imida yehlathi y ingca eyomileyo apho kukho ukhuphiswano lweengcambu kunye nokunqongophala kwamanzi. Iqhelana lula kuyo yomibini imihlaba ilitye lekalika njengaye siliceous, kwaye ibonakala nakwi substrates igypsicolas (isityebi kwigypsum).
Iplastiki yayo yendalo ichaza ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwi ukubuyiselwa kokusingqongileyo kunye nokutshalwa kwamahlathi emva kwemililo. Ukongeza, ibonisa kakuhle ukunyamezelana nokusingqongileyo konxweme sele ityuwa yomoya, eyenza ukuba isebenze izitiya zonxweme evezwe kwimimoya enesaltpeter.
Ukunyamekela kunye nokulinywa kwe-buckthorn
Indawo efanelekileyo
Khetha indawo oya kuyo ilanga elipheleleyo okanye ngaphakathi ukukhanya semi-mthunziKwiindawo ezinokukhanya okukhulu kwelanga, ngakumbi ehlotyeni kakhulu, i-semi-shade ikhusela amagqabi ekubandezelekeni. Kwiheji kunye nemiqolo, shiya phakathi Izityalo ezi-1 kunye ne-2 ngemitha yomgca ukuvalwa okukhawulezayo kunye nokudibanisa. Ukuba ityalwe njengomzekelo omnye, intlonipho 1,5-2,5 m xa kuthelekiswa neendonga okanye ezinye iintlobo, kuba, nangona ingenazo iingcambu ezihlaselayo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uyinike indawo ye-canopy yayo.
Ikhetha imihlaba ikhutshiwe kakuhle, nkqu enamatye kwaye inamathambo kakhulu. Yi ayinandaba ne-pH (inyamezela i-limestone kunye ne-siliceous) kwaye ine iimfuno eziphantsi yezondlo. Ukutyala kumhlaba ovulekileyo, sebenza umngxuma kwaye uphucule i-drainage nge igravel Ukuba kukho ukuxinana, sebenzisa umhlaba wembiza okhupha amanzi kodwa ugcine ukufuma (umzekelo, i-60% ye-universal substrate + 30% yesanti erhabaxa + 10% yeperlite) kunye nembiza iindawo zokukhupha amanzi ezilungileyo.
Awona maxesha okulima angcono ngala ukuwa okanye isiphelo se ebusika emva komngcipheko weqabaka eqatha. Kwiimozulu ezibandayo, khusela isiseko nge edinwe (ingca okanye amagqabi omileyo) ukugcina iingcambu, ngakumbi kubusika bazo bokuqala.
Amanzi ngendlela ngokulinganiselweyo: Kunyaka wokuqala, ukunkcenkceshela kweveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 ehlotyeni kwaye kwahlukanisiwe ixesha eliseleyo, lihlala livumela umaleko womphezulu ukuba wome phakathi kwezicelo. Ukususela kunyaka wesibini ukuya phambili, kumhlaba weMeditera kunye nemozulu, unako ukuhlala namanzi emvula ngaphandle kwamaza obushushu obude. Embizeni, lungelelanisa ukunkcenkceshela enye rhoqo kodwa hayi kakhulu ukuphepha izikhukhula.
Umrhumi unokukhawulelwa kwi isicelo sonyaka, ehambelana nokurhuma ngokubanzi kwegadi, nge izinto eziphilayo (umgquba ovuthiweyo, umgquba okanye umgquba obole kakuhle). Kwisikhongozeli, ibonelela izichumisi eziphilayo ezingamanzi ukukhululwa okucothayo ngexesha lexesha lokukhula ukugcina amandla ngaphandle kokugqithisa.
Ixhasa kakuhle i ukuthena, eyenzelwe compact isityalo, ukulungiswa iindonga kunye ukucoca iinkuni ezindala okanye ezonakalisiweyo. Ziqhelise ukuthena ukukhanya ekupheleni kobusika okanye emva kokuqhama, ukuphepha ukukopisha kakhulu phakathi kwehlobo. Kwiheji, sikwa rhoqo ukugcina a umthamo oshinyeneyo kunye nokuvuselela i-branching emihle.
Luhlobo olungenangxaki kakhulu, nangona lunokuchaphazeleka Intwala, imibungu yokuchaswa y mealybugs phantsi kweemeko zoxinzelelo. Phakathi kwezifo, eyona nto iphawulekayo umhlwa, okubangela i-pustules kunye namabala. Phucula ukungena komoya, kuphephe ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo, kwaye usebenzise unyango oluthile xa kuyimfuneko. Ubukho beentyatyambo ezivelisa ubusi buyatsala abahambisa ipoleni kunye nezindlu zezityalo ezikhulileyo izilwanyana ezincedisayo luncedo.
Ukusasazwa: imbewu kunye nokusikwa
Isasazeka ngokulula nge imbewu kwaye ukusikaUkuvelisa ngempumelelo ngokwesondo, qokelela iziqhamo uqole kakhulu, izicatshulwa kunye nokucoca imbewu. A stratification ebandayo inceda ukuntshula kwe-homogenize: zibeke kwisanti efumileyo kancinane efrijini kubambalwa Iiveki ze12 kwaye uhlwayele entwasahlobo kwi-substrate yokukhupha, ukugcina ukufuma rhoqo ngaphandle kokuhlutha.
Ukuphindaphinda nge ukusika yenza mfutshane imihla ebekiweyo kwaye ifane nesityalo esingumama. Thatha iinqumle zesemi-wood ekupheleni kwehlobo okanye izinkuni ekupheleni kobusika, 10-15 cm, susa amagqabi e-basal, sebenzisa Ukuxhasa iihomoni kwaye utyale kwivermiculite okanye umxube one-aerated kakhulu. Gcina ukufuma okuphezulu kwendawo kunye nobushushu obuphakathi (20–22 ºC). Ingcambu idla ngokukhawuleza phantsi kweemeko ezizinzileyo.
Ukuhonjiswa, ukubukeka komhlaba kunye nokusetyenziswa kweyeza
I-buckthorn igqwesileyo uthango oluzingisileyo, Izityambo, izihlahla ze-shruby kwaye kanjani isikrini somoya kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni. Kwiindonga, a Ubuninzi bezityalo ezi-1-2 ngemitha yomgca inikeza ukuvalwa okusebenzayo. Iyabonelela isakhiwo esingapheliyo kunye nombala unyaka wonke, kunye neziqhamo yondla iintaka ngexesha elibandayo. Isenokusetyenziswa njenge bonsai, nangona ingeyiyo eyona ixhaphakileyo.
Ukongeza kwixabiso layo lokuhombisa, iindawo zesityalo ngokwesiko zisetyenziselwa iinjongo zonyango. i-astringents kunye ne-purgativesIziqhamo zi icocekile kakhulu kwaye inokuba yingozi kwiidosi eziphezulu; nakuphi na ukusetyenziswa kweyeza kufuneka kube lumkile kwaye uyacetyiswaEgadini, olu phawu lucebisa isilumkiso ukuba kukho abantwana okanye izilwanyana zasekhaya.
Iindidi kunye nokukhetha: Rhamnus alaternus 'Argenteovariegata'
IFomu imotley 'I-Argenteovariegata' inamagqabi angwevu ukuya kumnyama aluhlaza imida yekrimu yesilivere, ukunika a isiphumo sokukhanya ngokuqhubekayo. Ugcina umqobo ityholo kwaye uthe tye, ngokukhula phakathi, kwaye ifikelela 3-3,5 m phezulu nge 1,5-1,75 m ububanzi kwimigangatho ichumile kwaye ikhutshiwe. Iintyatyambo, ubusi-ezifana nevumba elimnandi, ulumkile; imizekelo yabasetyhini, phambi kwendoda, ivelisa amaqunube abomvu ajika abe mnyama. Kufuneka ikhuselwe kuyo ilanga elibukhali ngakumbi kwimozulu embi kakhulu ukugcina i-variegation.
Ifanelekile ingca eyomileyo ngeengcambu zemithi, iindawo enamatye kunye nemiyezo ye iindleko ngokutyhileka kwi-saltpeter. Ihamba ne izityalo zilungele imozulu yeMeditera, yenza iphalethi ebalulekileyo iigadi ezomileyo eziqhubekayo.
I-buckthorn kwi-xeriscaping kunye neegadi zaselunxwemeni
Ngenxa yokukwazi kwayo ukuphumelela ubuncinane bokunkcenkceshela, i-aladierno yintsika xeriscaping kunye neegadi eziselunxwemeni. Ngokudibanisa negrabile, i-rockeries kunye ne-Mediterranean groundcovers, inika umphumo ephucukileyo kwaye ezinzileyo. Su ukunyamezela kwi-saltpeter iyenza ibe sisixhobo esiphambili kwi imida yaselwandle, apho ezinye izihlahla zihlupheka. Kwihlathi elingaphantsi kwamanzi, phakathi kwe-oki okanye ipineyini, liziphatha njenge yonke imihlaba ekwaziyo ukuhlanganisa uyilo.
- Amaqela endalo: inzalelwane, iyaqhubeka, ihlala iluhlaza kwaye ilungelelaniswe iindawo eziselunxwemeni.
- Ukufuma: phantsi ukuya phakathi; ukhetho lwe ihlobo elomileyo kunye nokunkcenkceshela okwahlukanisiweyo.
- Iimpawu: iqabane elimangalisayo iidurilo, Imastic, iifilariae y imithi yesitrobheri.
Ukumelana, ukuqina kunye nokugcinwa okongeziweyo
I-waladierno ixhasa ubushushu obukhulu y ingqele ephakathi. Ihamba phakathi kwerusticity eqikelelwayo ummandla 7, ukunyamezela iziqephu ezibandayo ezibandayo kwi umhlaba okhutshiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, kwiminyaka yayo yokuqala, kuyacetyiswa quilt unyawo kwaye uphephe izikhukhula ixesha elide. Indibaniselwano ye ukuchuma okuphantsi kunye nokuhamba kakuhle kwamanzi kukholisa impilo yakho yexesha elide.
Isityalo si eyobe: Ukubona iziqhamo kubalulekile ukuba nazo amadoda nabafazi kufutshane. Ukuchongwa ngokwesondo kuhlala kufuna ukuba kuqwalaselwe flores ngexesha lonyaka. Ngeli xesha, intyatyambo yayo itsala ihymenoptera kunye nezinye izinambuzane zomvumvuzelwano, ukuqinisa izinto ezahlukeneyo zenzululwazi zomyezo.
Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo: kwimihlaba ene-calcareous kakhulu inokuvela intsimbi chlorosis ekulinyweni kweembiza; ilungile nge i-iron chelatesUmthunzi ogqithisileyo unciphisa i iintyatyambo kunye uxinano. I phezu kwamanzi kubangela ukubola; ibeka phambili ulawulo lukhuni emanzini xa sele imisiwe.
