I-Rebutia heliosa: Ukhathalelo olupheleleyo, ukulima kunye nesikhokelo sokusasaza

Intshayelelo yeRebutia heliosa

heliosa rebutia Yicactus encinci, ethandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabaqokeleli kunye nabathandi be-succulent ngenxa yobuhle bayo obukhethekileyo, ukukwazi ukuvelisa iintloko ezininzi, kwaye, ngaphezu kwayo yonke, ngenxa yeentyatyambo zayo ezintle. Olu hlobo, lukwaziwa ngesithethantonye sebhotani Aylostera heliosa, inzalelwane yemimandla esezintabeni ekumzantsi-mbindi weBolivia, apho ikhula ngaphezu kweemitha ezingama-2.500 ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle, iqhelana neemeko zokukhanya okuqinileyo kunye nomhlaba ophuma kakuhle.

Ibonakala ngomzimba wayo ongwevu-luhlaza, ngokuqhelekileyo icylindrical okanye iglobular, yobukhulu obuncinci (inqabile ukuba ibe ngaphezu kwe-4 yeesentimitha ubude), kunye nenani elikhulu leesuckers ezenza amaqela ashinyeneyo agqume imbiza. Isiqu ngasinye sibonisa ii-tubercles ezincinci ezimdaka kunye nee-ayoli ezinemiqolo emifutshane emifutshane, ecwangciswe ngokukhazimla, isinika inkangeleko ethambileyo nenomtsalane kakhulu.

Nangona kunjalo, yintoni eyona nto ibalulekileyo heliosa rebutia zezabo iintyatyambo eziorenji Zibukeka kakhulu, zivela ngobuninzi malunga nesityalo ngexesha lentwasahlobo kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ziye zanabela ehlotyeni nasekwindla. Iintyatyambo zabo zihlala zigqabhuka kwaye zibukeka, nakwizityalo ezincinci.

Ukongeza kwiimpawu zayo ezintle, olu hlobo luneempawu ezithile malunga nalo ukulima nokukhathalela eyahlula kuyo yonke i-Rebutia genus, ngoko ke ifanelwe unyango oluthile ukuze iqinisekise ubomi obude kunye neentyantyambo ezininzi. Kwesi sikhokelo sibanzi, uya kufumana lonke ulwazi kubo bobabini abaqalayo kukhathalelo lwecactus kunye nabalimi abaphambili abafuna ukufumana i-clumps exineneyo, esempilweni ye-cactus. heliosa rebutia.

Imvelaphi kunye neempawu zebhotani

heliosa rebutia Yeyosapho lweCactaceae kunye neRebutia genus, ebandakanya malunga neentlobo ezingama-40, ikakhulu ezizalelwa eBolivia, nangona ezinye zinabela kwiindawo eziphakamileyo zaseArgentina nasePeru. Oku kuziqhelanisa nobude obuphezulu kuye kwabumba iimfuno zayo zokulima: kufuna ukukhanya okuphezulu, iqondo lobushushu elipholileyo okanye elipholileyo, ukungena komoya okulungileyo, kunye nomhlaba okhupha amanzi kakuhle.

I-Morphologically, iziqu zayo zingqukuva okanye zi-oval, zihlangene, kwaye ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukuya kumbala ongwevu. Iibhubhu aziphumi kakhulu kumphezulu, kwaye nganye ithwele i-areoles, inama-24 ukuya kuma-26 amhlophe okanye anemibala ye-straw spines, emifutshane, ebhityileyo, kwaye ethambileyo xa ebamba, eyahlula kakhulu kwezinye iiRebutias. Isityalo sihlala sibumba ii-colonies ngokubonakala rhoqo kwee-suckers ezijikeleze isikhondo esingundoqo, sivelisa amagaqa azalise ngokupheleleyo imbiza ngokuhamba kweminyaka.

Xa kufika intwasahlobo, ivelisa iintyatyambo eziorenji ezinzulu, ngamanye amaxesha ngama-hues abomvu, avela kwisiseko seziqu. Iintyatyambo zilinganisa phakathi kwe-2 kunye ne-4 cm ububanzi kwaye ziphawuleka ngokumila kwazo njengefuneli kunye nokukwazi ukuvuleka ngobuninzi, zigqume isityalo ngokubonakalayo. Le ntyatyambo inokuhlala iintsuku ezininzi, ibe yenye yezona zinto zinomtsalane zodidi.

Ubukhulu: Kunqabile ukuba kudlule i-4 cm ubude kunye no-3-5 cm ububanzi ngesiqu, nangona kwiimbiza zabantu abadala, amaqela oxinaniso olukhulu kunye nobukho bunokubonwa.

Iintlobo eziphambili, iintlobo kunye nemixube enxulumeneyo

Isini Iirebhiya Ibandakanya ezinye iintlobo ezaziwayo nezilinywayo, kuquka:

• I-rebutia perplexa
• Imisipha rebutia
• rebutia krainziana
• Rebutia canigueralii
• Rebutia deminuta
• Iirebua arenacea
• I-Rebutia albiflora
• Rebutia cv Ukuphuma kwelanga
• I-minuscule rebutia

Enye yeengongoma umdla ngaphakathi heliosa rebutia yiyantlukwano ye imihlanganiselwa kunye nemihlanganiselwa eyenziweyo ngenxa yobuhle bayo kunye nokunqaba kwayo, njenge I-Rebutia heliosa x albiflora, eneentyantyambo ezimhlophe okanye ezinemibala emibini kunye neefom eziqingqiweyo ezibizwa ngokuba yi "cristatas" ezixabiswa ngokukodwa ngexabiso labo lokuhlobisa.

Indawo efanelekileyo, ukuvezwa kunye nemozulu

La heliosa rebutia ifuna Ukukhanya okuphezulu Ukuthintela ukwanda kwesiqu ngokugqithisileyo (etiolation), okwenzeka xa isityalo singafumani kukhanya ngokwaneleyo. Ngokufanelekileyo, kufuneka ibekwe kumzantsi okanye kumzantsi-ntshona wokuqhelanisa, apho ifumana ukukhanya okunzulu kwendalo kodwa ikhuselwe ekukhanyeni kwelanga ngqo ngexesha leeyure ezisembindini wemini, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo okanye ngexesha lasehlotyeni, njengoko ukukhanya kwelanga okunamandla kunokubangela ukutshisa kwesiqu.

Ukujikeleza komoya okwaneleyo kubalulekile ngexesha lentwasahlobo nasehlotyeni ukukhusela ukubonakala kwefungi kunye nezinambuzane ezifana Isigcawu esibomvu. Ebusika, ifuna ukuphumla kwindawo epholileyo, eqaqambileyo, neyomileyo. Iyakwazi ukunyamezela amaqondo obushushu aphantsi kwaye inokunyamezela iqabaka ekhaphukhaphu ngamaxesha athile ukuba i-substrate ihlala yomile, nangona kukhethwa ukuba ungayibonakalisi kwixesha elide elingaphantsi kwe-3 ° C ukukhusela umonakalo wezicubu. Ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nenye i-cacti ekhule kwiimeko ezifanayo, ungandwendwela icandelo lethu le-cacti. I-cacti efanayo.

Ngexesha lasehlotyeni, kubalulekile ukukhusela isityalo ekushiseni okugqithisileyo, ukubonelela nge-ventilation egqwesileyo kwaye, ukuba kunokwenzeka, umthunzi ngexesha leeyure ezishushu kakhulu ukuphepha uxinzelelo lobushushu.

I-substrate kunye neemfuno zomhlaba

Enye ye Imiba ephambili ekulinyweni kweRebutia heliosa kukusetyenziswa kwe-a umhlaba onemijelo egqithileyoNokuba kusezimbiza okanye emhlabeni, ukufuma okanye i-substrates edibeneyo inokubangela ukubola kweengcambu kunye nokufa kwezityalo, ngakumbi kwindawo esembindini we-clump.

I-substrate efanelekileyo heliosa rebutia kufuneka ihlangabezane nezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Umlinganiselo omkhulu we isanti erhabaxa, igrabile engekho calcareous okanye iperlite ukuphucula amanzi.
• I-Blonde sphagnum peat kunye/okanye i-peat emnyama echunyiswe ngamanani amancinci.
• Igalelo le-silica kunye ne-vermiculite yokugcina umswakama olawulwayo.
• i-pH ngokukhethekileyo kwi-4,5 y 6 (i-acidic kancinci).

Ukuba usebenzisa i substrate yecactus yorhwebo, luluvo olulungileyo ukuyixuba nezinto ezingasebenziyo (ezifana nentlabathi erhabaxa, igrabile yentaba-mlilo, okanye iperlite) ngokomlinganiselo we-2:1 ubuncinane. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba kubekwe isiseko segrabile embizeni ukunqanda amanzi ukuba angazinzi emazantsi.

Kwiibhedi zembewu, kucetyiswa ngokukodwa ukuba inzala ye-substrate ngaphambi kokuhlwayela ukuphepha ubukho bomngundo onobungozi okanye izibungu, ezifana ne-sciarid fly.

Inqaku elidibeneyo:

Isikhokelo esipheleleyo se-claw cactus yenenekazi: ukhathalelo, izibonelelo, kunye neengcebiso

Ukutyumba, ukutshintshwa, kunye nokunakekelwa kweengcambu

La imbiza yeentyatyambo Kufuneka ibe nemingxuma yokuhambisa amanzi; izitya zeplastiki okanye zodongwe zifanelekile nje kuphela zivumela ukukhupha ngokukhawuleza. Kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe iimbiza ezinkulu kancinci kunenkqubo yeengcambu ukukhusela i-substrate engaphezulu ekugcineni ukufuma okuninzi.

El ukufakelwa Oku kufuneka kwenziwe ekupheleni kobusika okanye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuba kuphinde kuqale ukunkcenkceshela, kwaye kukhethwa rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini okanye emithathu, okanye xa imbiza incinci kakhulu ngenxa yokwanda kweesuckers. Ngexesha lo msebenzi:

• Phatha isityalo ngobunono, ugweme ukonakalisa iingcambu ezithambileyo.
• Ibuyisela ngokupheleleyo i-substrate endala.
• Ukuba iingcambu ezonakeleyo okanye i-mealybugs zikhona, nquma iingcambu ezichaphazelekayo, ufefe nge-fungicide, kwaye uyeke inkqubo yeengcambu yome iiyure eziliqela okanye iintsuku ngaphambi kokuba uphinde utyale.
• Musa ukunkcenkceshela kude kube yi-7-10 iintsuku emva kokutshintshwa ukuze kube lula ukuphilisa nokukhusela usulelo.

Ukunkcenkceshela: ukuphindaphindwa kunye nobuchwephesha obufanelekileyo

Enye enkulu Imingcipheko ekulinyweni kweRebutia heliosa Ngamanzi amaninzi, ngoko ke ukunkcenkceshela kufuneka kulawulwe ngokungqongqo. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye i-cacti, olu hlobo luhlupheka ngakumbi xa i-substrate ihlala imanzi ixesha elide.

Obona buchule bungcono kuku Zinkcenkceshele ngokukhawuleza kwaye kuphela xa i-substrate yomile ngokupheleleyo.. Kuyacetyiswa:

• Qala ukunkcenkceshela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngokuthe ngcembe ukwandisa ukuphindaphinda kude kube yihlobo.
• Nkcenkceshela rhoqo ngeenyanga ezishushu (ngoMeyi-Agasti), zehla kwakhona ngoSeptemba nango-Oktobha.
• Ekwindla nasebusika, phantse uyeke ngokupheleleyo ukunkcenkceshela, ngaphandle kokutshiza ngamaxesha athile (ngokukodwa emva kweentsuku ezinelanga okanye ezinomoya, okanye ukuba ukhule kwindawo ebandayo yokushisa).
• Sebenzisa rhoqo amanzi emvula okanye amanzi athotyiweyo, i-acidic kancinane kwaye ayinakuze ibe ne-calcareous, ukunqanda ukuqokelelana kwetyuwa.
• Ungaze uphinde umanzise phambi kokuba i-substrate yome ngokupheleleyo.

Inqaku elidibeneyo:

Indlela yokuvuselela iintyatyambo kwi-cacti yakho: khathalela ukonwabela iintyatyambo zabo

Isichumisi: ukuchumisa kunye neengcebiso

El Isichumiso se-Rebutia heliosa Kubalulekile ukukhuthaza iintyatyambo ezintle kunye nokukhula ngamandla. Izichumisi ziyacetyiswa:

• Ukususela kwisibini sokunkcenkceshela kwentwasahlobo, usebenzisa isichumisi esithile samaminerali kwi-cacti.
• Ukutshintshana kunye nezichumisi ezityebileyo kwi-phosphorus kunye ne-potassium (ezifana nezo zisetyenziselwa izityalo ze-tomato) ngeenyanga zophuhliso olupheleleyo kunye neentyatyambo.
• Amaxesha afanelekileyo rhoqo kwiiveki ezimbini okanye ezintathu entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni.
• Ziphephe izichumisi eziphilayo ezinokuthi zithobe kwaye zibangele ukukhula kwefungal.
• Sebenzisa izichumisi ezine-micronutrients ngaphezu kwe-NPK (intsimbi, i-manganese, ithusi, i-zinc, i-boron, i-molybdenum) ukugqiba ukukhula kwezityalo.

Ekwindla nasebusika kufuneka umrhumo unqunyanyisiwe ngokupheleleyo.

Ukuthena nokugcina

La I-Rebutia heliosa ayifuni ukuthenwa Ecwangcisiweyo. Kwanele ukususa ngamanye amaxesha iindawo ezomileyo okanye ezonakalisiweyo ukukhusela imithombo yokusuleleka. Oku kukhuthaza ukungena komoya kunye nempilo yonke yesityalo.

Izinambuzane kunye nezifo: uthintelo kunye nolawulo

Nangona i heliosa rebutia Sisityalo esixhathisayo, iingxaki ze-phytosanitary ezinxulumene nezinambuzane kunye nezifo zinokuvela:

• ICottony mealybug: Okuqhelekileyo kumphezulu kunye neengcambu. Ibhaqeka lula imhlophe, inqwaba yekotoni kwizikhondo okanye kwindawo apho ichukumise imbiza. Inokususwa ngesandla nge-cotton swab efakwe etywaleni okanye ngokusebenzisa i-organic insecticides.
• Isigcawu esibomvu: Ixhaphake ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezomileyo, ezishushu, zonakalise ukubonakala kwevelvety yeziqu. Ukutshiza ngamaxesha athile ngamanzi kunye nokusebenzisa iiakharisayidi ezithile yindlela esebenzayo.
• Ingcambu ye-mealybug: Inokujongwa ngokuhlola iingcambu ngexesha lokutshintshwa; ukuba kuvela iidiphozithi ezimhlophe, luluvo olulungileyo ukucoca iingcambu ngocoselelo, uzifake kwisibulali-zinambuzane kangangemizuzu eli-10, kwaye uzifakele kwindawo entsha, engenazintsholongwane.
• I-Sciarid fly lavas: Bahlasela ikakhulu kwiibhedi zembewu ezifumileyo. Kuluncedo kakhulu ukucoca i-substrate ngaphambi kokuba uyisebenzise, ​​kwaye kwiimeko ezinzima, ubhenela kulawulo lwebhayoloji kunye namarhamncwa endalo afana namabhungane. atheta coriaria.
• Amakhowa: Zibangelwa kukufuma okugqithisileyo. Unyango lothintelo ngemichiza yokungunda kunye nolawulo lwamanzi ngokugqithisileyo luthintela ukubola.

Eyona nto ibhetele Ukuthintela kusoloko kukulima ngononopheloIzityalo ezisempilweni kunye nokuhlolwa rhoqo. Ukuba iimpawu zesiqu esithambileyo zivela, yeka ukunkcenkceshela, ukuphefumla, kwaye utshintshele kwindawo ecocekileyo, eyomileyo.

Ukuzala: imbewu, ukusikwa kunye nokuxhunyelelwa

heliosa rebutia Inokuphinda iveliswe ngeendlela ezintathu eziphambili: imbewu, ukusika kwi-suckers kwaye, ngamanye amaxesha, Ukumiliselwa (ingakumbi iintlobo zekristale okanye i-rooting enzima).

Ukuzaliswa kwembewu

Las Imbewu ye-Rebutia heliosa Zintshula ekukhanyeni kwaye zivuthwe ngokukhawuleza. Ngeyona mpumelelo ingcono:

• Sebenzisa imbewu entsha.
• Ukuhlwayela kufuneka kwenziwe ekupheleni kobusika okanye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kwizikhongozeli ezigqunywe ngeplastiki okanye iglasi ukugcina ukufuma.
• Eyona ndawo ilungileyo idibanisa iindawo ezimbini zomhlaba wecactus kunye nenxalenye enye yesanti erhabaxa.
• Elona qondo lobushushu lokuntshula liphakathi kwe 20 kunye ne 22ºC.
• Ngokuqhelekileyo zihluma kwiiveki ezi-2-3; tyhila ngokuthe ngcembe ukuvumela umoya ukuba ujikeleze kwaye uthintele ukulahla.
• Ukutshintshela kwimbiza engapheliyo kwenziwa xa izithole zifikelela kwi-2,5 cm ubude.
• Izityalo ezikhuliswe kwimbewu zinokuthatha iminyaka eliqela ukudubula, kodwa zidla ngokuxhathisa.

Ukuveliswa ngokutsha ngamafunxa okanye ukusika

El indlela ekhawulezayo kukwahlula iisuckers ezikhula emazantsi esityalo:

• Sebenzisa imela ebukhali, ecocekileyo ukususa ngobunono ihlumelo.
• Fafaza inxeba ngomgubo wesulfure okanye isibulali ntsholongwane sokungunda kwaye uyeke ukuba lome iintsuku ezimbalwa phambi kokutyala.
• Beka inzala kwi-substrate emanzi okanye enqabileyo, ngokukodwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
• Ukusetyenziswa kwamahomoni e-rooting kuyacetyiswa ukuba kukhawuleziswe inkqubo.

Ukuzaliswa kwakhona ngokuhlomela

El Ukumiliselwa Isetyenziswa xa uzama ukuthintela ukubola ngenxa yokufuma okugqithisileyo okanye kwimihlanganisela ethambileyo (efana neefom zecristata). Ibandakanya ukudibanisa ukusikwa kweRebutia heliosa kwisiphunzi esixhathisayo (njenge UTrichocereus o I-Opuntia), ukuqinisekisa ukukhula okunamandla kunye nokuphila ixesha elide.

Umjikelo weentyatyambo kunye nezityalo

Emva kokuphumla kwasebusika, heliosa rebutia Iqalisa umjikelo wayo wezityalo yaye, phantsi kokukhanya okukuko, ubushushu nokufuma kweemeko, ivelisa iintyatyambo eziorenji ezimangalisayo. Iintyatyambo ziqala entwasahlobo kwaye zinokuhlala kwinxalenye yehlobo kwaye, kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ukuya ekwindla.

Iintyatyambo zivela emazantsi eziqu kunye nakwihlumela, zivumela imizekelo emincinci ukuba yonwabele iicorolla ezininzi ezivulekileyo kanye. Isityalo esilungiselelwe kakuhle sinokugqunywa ngokupheleleyo kwiintyatyambo, okwenza kube yinye ye-cacti enomvuzo kulo mbandela.

Iingcebiso ezongezelelweyo zokulima ngempumelelo

• Kuphephe ukuqokelelana kwamanzi kwiipleyiti okanye iitreyi phantsi kwembiza, ukukhupha nakuphi na okugqithisileyo emva kokunkcenkceshela.
• Beka izityalo zakho kwiishelufu okanye kwiiracks ezinomoya onqamlezileyo kwi-greenhouse okanye ngaphakathi.
• Ukuba ukhulela ngaphandle, zikhusele kwimvula enkulu kunye nengqele egqithisileyo.
• Beka iliso kwizitshabalalisi ngamaxesha embalela kwaye womeleze ngezitshizi zamanzi okanye ii-acaricides ukuba kuyimfuneko.
• Soloko uthenge izityalo ezisempilweni ukusuka kwii-nursery ezikhethekileyo ukuthintela usulelo olungenayo.