Isikhokelo esipheleleyo nesicacisiweyo sokukhathalela i-Ficus retusa bonsai

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zeFicus retusa njengebhonsai

I-Ficus retusa bonsai yenye yezona ntlobo zixatyisiweyo kunye neziguquguqukayo kwihlabathi le-bonsai. Ukomelela kwayo, ukuguquguquka, kunye nobuhle buyenza ibe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kwabaqalayo kolu bugcisa, kunye nakwabo baphambili. I-Ficus retusa ibonakala ngamagqabi ayo abengezelayo, atyebileyo, aluhlaza, isiqu esomeleleyo esinamaxolo agudileyo, angwevu anokubonisa amabala amhlophe, kwaye, ngaphezu kwako konke, uphuhliso olumangalisayo lweengcambu zasemoyeni ezinika inkangeleko eyodwa.

Le ficus, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-botanical synonym Ficus microcarpa, yeyosapho lwaseMoraceae kwaye inzalelwane yase-Asia mpuma nakumazantsi eTshayina. indalo ehlala iluhlaza Ikuvumela ukuba wonwabele amagqabi awo unyaka wonke kwaye, phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo, inokukhupha iingcambu ezihla emasebeni ayo, ithanda ukubunjwa nebaris enomtsalane kunye nesimbo samatye.

Ubuchule beFicus retusa bokuziqhelanisa neemeko ezahlukeneyo zokukhula, ngaphakathi nangaphandle, kudityaniswe nempendulo ekhawulezileyo yokuthena kunye nobuchule bokuyila, yenza le bonsai ibe yenye yezona ntlobo zicetyiswayo kwabo bafunayo. yenza iziqwenga eziphilayo ezihlala zihleli kwaye zomelele.

Indawo efanelekileyo: ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle?

I-Ficus retusa iguquguquka kakhulu malunga nendawo yayo, nangona ikhetha iindawo ezifudumeleyo ezinomswakama ophezulu.

• Kwimozulu epholileyo okanye yeMeditera, iFicus inokuhlala ngaphandle ixesha elide lonyaka, isoloko ikhuselwe kwiqabaka kunye nokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza kweqondo lokushisa.
• Ebusika, okanye kwimimandla enamaqondo okushisa angaphantsi kwe-12-15 ° C, kubalulekile yikhusele ngaphakathi, kufuphi nefestile eqaqambileyo, ngaphandle kokuvezwa ngokuthe ngqo kwilanga elibukhali kunye nokuphepha ukuyila.
• Iimeko zangaphakathi Bafanele babe nomoya omhle kunye nokukhanya kwemvelo okuninzi; indawo esecaleni kwefestile enelanga ifanelekile, ukukhumbula ukujikeleza umthi rhoqo ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwe-canopy efanayo.

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-Ficus retusa ayiyinyamezeli iqabaka kwaye ingaphulukana nawo onke amagqabi ayo ukuba ifumene utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwiqondo lobushushu, nangona iqhele ukuwafumana ngokukhawuleza ukuba iimeko ezifanelekileyo zibuyiselwe. Ehlotyeni, inokubekwa ngaphandle kwindawo ene-semi-shaded, ikhuselwe ekukhanyeni kwelanga.

Ukunkcenkceshela i-Ficus retusa bonsai

Ukunkcenkceshela yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwaye zibuthathaka yeFicus retusa kwifomathi yayo yebhonsai. Nangona olu hlobo lomelele kwaye luyakwazi ukumelana namaxesha amafutshane embalela, ukufuma okugqithisileyo kunokubulala iingcambu.

• Kufuneka ukuba amanzi ngokucokisekileyo xa ubuso be-substrate buqala ukumisa, ukuphepha ama-puddles asisigxina, kodwa ngaphandle kokuvumela ukuba i-substrate yome ngokupheleleyo.
• Ngexesha le iinyanga ezishushu, izinga lokunyuka kwe-evaporation liyenyuka, ngoko ke i-frequency yokunkcenkceshela kufuneka ilungelelaniswe nemozulu, indawo kunye neempawu ze-substrate.
• Ehlotyeni, kucetyiswa ukuba ubeke i-bonsai kwi-tray ngamatye amanzi (ngaphandle kweengcambu ezithintela ngokuthe ngqo emanzini) ukwandisa umswakama wendawo.
• Ukutshiza i-canopy kunokuba luncedo ekufaniseni indawo yetropikhi yemvelaphi yayo, kodwa kufuneka kwenziwe ngononophelo ukuthintela ukubonakala kwefungiKuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise amanzi athambileyo kwaye unyange kwangaphambili ngemichiza yokungunda ukuba ukhetha lo mkhuba.

Akufunekanga inkcenkceshelwe emva kweqabaka okanye xa kukho umngcipheko wokuhla kwamaqondo obushushu ngaphantsi kweqanda. I-Ficus retusa iwanyamezela kakuhle amanzi aphuma empomponi nje ukuba ayinzima kakhulu; ukuba amabala avela emagqabini, kungcono ukusebenzisa amanzi amileyo okanye ahluziweyo.

Ukuchumisa: Nini kwaye njani ukuchumisa iFicus retusa yakho

Umrhumo ubalulekile Ukuhlawula ixabiso eliphantsi lezondlo ezifumaneka kumthamo omncinci we-bonsai substrate. Ngenxa yokukhula kwayo ngamandla, i-Ficus retusa idinga ukubonelelwa rhoqo kwezichumisi ezilungeleleneyo.

• Kufuneka ihlawulwe ikakhulu ngexesha lonyaka ukukhula okusebenzayo, oko kukuthi, ukususela entwasahlobo ukuya ekuqaleni kwekwindla.
• Kuyacetyiswa ukuba kubekwe indawo yokuchumisa rhoqo kwiiveki ezi-2 ngexesha lobushushu kunye neeveki ezi-3-4 ebusika ukuba umthi ugcinwa ukhula.
• Sebenzisa izichumisi ezilulwelo ezithile zebhonsai okanye izichumisi ezicothayo zokukhupha izinto eziphilayo, usoloko ulandela iidosi eziboniswe ngumenzi.
• Musa ukuchumisa ngokukhawuleza emva kokutshintshwa okanye ukuba umthi ubuthathaka; linda ukuba intshule ngamandla phambi kokuba uqalise ukuchumisa.
• Isichumiso esilungeleleneyo esityebileyo kwinitrogen ngexesha lasentwasa hlobo kunye namanqanaba e potassium kunye ne phosphorus ehlotyeni nasekwindla sikhuthaza ukukhula okuhlangeneyo kunye namandla ezityalo ngokubanzi.

Ukuthena, ukuxina, kunye nokuchithwa kwamagqabi: ubuchule bokuqeqeshwa kwebhonsai kunye nempilo

Ukuthena kunye nokutsweba zezona ndlela zibalulekileyo kulawulo lweFicus retusa.

• La ukuthenwa kwesakhiwo Iqhutyelwa ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kwaye isebenze ukucacisa i-silhouette kunye nokuphelisa amasebe angafunekiyo.
• Ngexesha lokutyala, lisiko elilungileyo ukuthena iingcambu namasebe angeyomfuneko.
• El ukudubula pinching Yenziwa ngexesha lehlobo, ishiya amaqabunga amabini kwisebe elitsha ngalinye ukukhuthaza i-branching kunye nokudibanisa isithsaba.
• I-Ficus retusa inyamezela ukuthenwa kakuhle kwaye iyakwazi ukuhluma kumasebe amadala angaphezulu kweminyaka emibini ubudala.
• El defoliated (ukususwa ngokuyinxenye okanye ngokupheleleyo kwamagqabi) ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwa ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo okanye ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Obu buchule bunceda ukunciphisa ubukhulu bamagqabi kwaye bukhuthaze i-branching.
• Ngexesha lokuthenwa okanye ukuchithwa kwamagqabi, umthi ukhupha kakhulu ilatex emhlophe enceda ekunyangeni kwaye ikhusele ukosuleleka.

Kucetyiswa ukuba unxibe iiglavu xa ucheba kakhulu, njengoko i-latex inokubangela ukucaphuka kwesikhumba kubantu ababuthathaka.

Iingcingo kunye nokubunjwa: indlela yokubumba ibhonsai yakho

I-Wiring ikuvumela ukuba unike imilo kunye nesitayela kumasebe kunye ne-trunk yeFicus retusa yakho, ngaphandle kokubhenela ekutheneni kuphela. Kubalulekile ukwenza oku ngexesha elifanelekileyo lonyaka kunye neendlela ezifanelekileyo:

• El elona xesha lilungileyo lokufaka ucingo Kusemva kokuthenwa okanye ukuchithwa kwamagqabi, ekubeni ubume bomthi bubonakala ngakumbi kwaye incindi iyasebenza, ithanda ukuguquguquka kwamasebe.
• Sebenzisa i-aluminium okanye ucingo lobhedu, ulungelelanise uxinzelelo ukuze ugweme ukulimaza i-bark. Amasebe amancinci e-Ficus retusa aguquguqukayo ngokukodwa kwaye aphendule kakuhle ekubunjweni, ngelixa ama-thicker angaqina kwaye aphule xa esetyenziswe ngamandla.
• Ngamathuba athile jonga ukuba ucingo alucoli amaxolo na. Kumasebe awomeleleyo, kuyakhetheka ukuba kusetyenziswe izithinteli ukunqanda ukwenzakala okusisigxina.

Phakathi kweendlela eziqhelekileyo ezivumela i UFicus retusa baqaqambisa moyogui (ngokungekho sikweni), i isiqu ezininzi kunye nesimbo phezu kwelitye, zonke ziphuculwe ngokubonakala kweengcambu zasemoyeni.

Ukutshintshwa: nini, njani kwaye yeyiphi i-substrate onokuyikhetha

Ukutshintshwa yinkqubo ebalulekileyo yokugcina impilo yeengcambu kunye namandla ebhonsai.Kwimeko yeFicus retusa:

• Kufuneka itshintshwe yonke iminyaka emi-2 okanye emi-3, ngokukhethekileyo entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuba ukukhula okusebenzayo kuqale, xa ubushushu buqala ukuba shushu.
• Ngexesha lokubuyiswa kwakhona, iingcambu ezindala kunye ne-substrate ephelile iyasuswa, ihlaziywa isitya ngomxube ofanelekileyo womhlaba we-bonsai odibanisa. ukugcinwa kokufuma kunye nokukhupha amanzi kakuhle. I-substrate efanelekileyo Kubalulekile kwimpumelelo.
• Umxube ocetyiswayo yi-80% akadama kunye ne-20% ye-kiryuzuna, yongeza i-2% ukuya kwi-5% yamalahle e-bamboo ukuphucula umoya kunye nokuthintela izifo.
• Gwema i-substrates ene-peat eninzi okanye i-lime content, njengoko inokubangela i-chlorosis (amagqabi aphuzi ngenxa yokungabikho kwentsimbi) okanye iingxaki zefungal.
• Iingcambu kufuneka zinqunywe kwaye kushiywe isithsaba esifanelekileyo, sikhuthaze ukukhula kweengcambu ezintsha, ezintle, kunye nezisebenzayo.

Emva kokutshintshwa, ukunkcenkceshela kufuneka kube phakathi kwaye ukuchumisa akufanele kusetyenziswe de umthi ubonise amahlumela amatsha.

Ukusasaza: Usasaza njani iFicus retusa

IFicus retusa yenye yezona ntlobo zilula ukuziphindaphinda, ikuvumela ukuba wandise ingqokelela yakho okanye wabelane ngeesampulu nabanye abathanda. Ezona ndlela zisebenzayo ziquka:

• Ukusikwa kweenkuni ezivuthiweyo: : Zenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, zikhula ngokulula ukuba zigcinwe kwindawo efumileyo kunye neqondo lobushushu elingaguqukiyo. Unokujongana neendlela ezithile ekusasazeni kwayo.
• Ubeko lwasemoyeni: Indlela ephucukileyo esetyenziswayo ukufumana imizekelo emitsha enamasebe akhiwe kakuhle. Icetyiswa ngentwasahlobo.
• Imbewu: Ayiqhelekanga kakhulu ngenxa yobunzima bokufumana iziqhamo kunye nembewu esebenzayo ekulinyweni kwasekhaya, kodwa kunokwenzeka ukuba zikhona.

Into enomdla kwiFicus kukukwazi kwayo ukwenza dibanisa iziqu kunye neengcambu ngokuhlala unxibelelana, nto leyo evumela ukwakheka kwemizekelo eneziqu ezishinyeneyo ngexesha elifutshane ngokudibanisa izithole ezininzi.

Uninzi lwezinambuzane kunye nezifo eziqhelekileyo

I-Ficus retusa iyaxhathisa kodwa ayikhululwa kwiingxaki ze-phytosanitary.Ezona zinambuzane zixhaphakileyo kunye nezifo kunye nezisombululo zazo zezi:

• I-Mealybug kunye nesigcawu esibomvu: Zibonakala kwindawo ezomileyo, ezingenamoya omdaka, ezibangela ubuthathaka obuqhubekayo. Unyango kufuneka lujoliswe kwaye luhambelane de lube lupheliswe, ngaphezu kokuphucula iimeko zokusingqongileyo.
• Ifungi emagqabini: Ixhaphakile xa utshiza ngokugqithisileyo kwaye ukufuma akulawulwa. Ukuthintela ukusetyenziswa kwemichiza yokungunda kunye nokunciphisa ukutshiza kunceda ukuthintela ukwenzeka kwayo.
• Zintwala: Inokuvela kumahlumela amancinci. Ipheliswa ngokulula nge-insecticide yenkqubo okanye iimveliso ezithile.
• Ukuwa kwegqabiOku kuqhelekile ukuba umthi ufumana utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwiqondo lobushushu, ukungabikho kokukhanya, okanye ukunkcenkceshela. Ngokuqhelekileyo iyachacha ukuba iimeko ezilungileyo zibuyiselwe.

Isixhobo esiluncedo sokuthintela izinambuzane kunye nokulawula i-Ficus retusa bonsai kukusetyenziswa kwe-insecticide ye-systemic kwiintonga okanye izitshizi, ezihlala zincediswa ngokuphuculwa komoya, ukukhanya kunye nomswakama.

Iingcambu zomoya kunye neenkcukacha zazo

Enye yezona zinto zinomtsalane kwiFicus retusa yile ukwakheka kweengcambu zasemoyeniKwindawo yawo yendalo, ezi ngcambu zivumela umthi ukuba unwenwe kwaye ugqume iindawo ezinkulu. Ukukhuthaza ukwakheka kweengcambu zomoya ekhaya:

• Kuthatha a ukufuma okuphezulu kakhulu kwendawo, ngaphezu kwe-90%, enokuthi iphunyezwe ngokubeka ibhonsai kwi-greenhouse, isitya esivalwe ngeplastiki ebonakalayo okanye itanki yeentlanzi zeglasi.
• Iingcambu eziphuma emasebeni zikhula ngokuthe nkqo ukuya emhlabeni kwaye, xa zifikelela kuwo, zibe zizixhaso ezongezelelweyo okanye zenze iziqu ezintsha.
• Olu phawu lungasetyenziswa kuyilo lwezitayile ezintle ezifana nelitye okanye ihlathi.

Iindidi kunye neentlobo ezinxulumene neFicus retusa

I-genus ye-Ficus yenye yezona zininzi phakathi kwezityalo zetropiki, kunye Amakhulu eentlobo kunye neentlobo ezifanelekileyo kwi-bonsai: njenge-Flamboyant bonsai, ICarmona microphylla okanye.

Ngamnye unezinto ezikhethekileyo malunga nobukhulu begqabi, isantya sokukhula, kunye nokuguquguquka, kodwa bonke babelana ngokukhululeka kokulima kwifomathi yebhonsai kunye nokukhutshwa okuthakazelisayo kwe-latex ekusikeni kwabo.

Ukhathalelo olongezelelweyo: iingcebiso kunye nezinto ezinomdla ezivela kwiingcali

Ukufumana ezona ziphumo zibalaseleyo ngeFicus retusa yakho njengebhonsai, gcina engqondweni oku kulandelayo: iingcebiso eziphambili: indlela yokuphepha utshintsho olukhawulezileyo lobushushu kunye nokuphucula impilo yomthi.