La mzantsiweb Ngenye yezona zityalo ezinqabileyo ezikhwelayo ngenxa yeentyantyambo zayo ezimangalisayo kunye nokukwazi ukuziqhelanisa nezitiya ezinkulu kunye neendawo ezincinci, ezifana ne-terraces, ii-balconi kunye neendawo zangaphakathi. Ukuba ufuna ukonwabela umbala kunye novuyo lwe-bougainvillea nokuba awunagadi, ukuyikhulisa kwisixhobo sokutyala lukhetho olugqibeleleyo. Kwesi sikhokelo, sichaza ngokweenkcukacha ezinkulu indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba i-bougainvillea yakho iyachuma kwaye iyadubula ebhodweni okanye kwisixhobo sokutyala, ngolwazi olusebenzayo kunye neengcebiso zobuchwephesha, kubandakanya neengcebiso ezilungileyo kunye namaqhinga okuyigcina ibukeka isempilweni.
Iimpawu zeBougainvillea
I-Bougainvillea (i-Bougainvillea) yinzalelwane kwiindawo ezishushu kunye neendawo ezishushu zaseMzantsi Melika, ngakumbi iBrazil, kwaye okwangoku ithandwa kakhulu kwiindawo ezishushu ezifana neMeditera. Ibalasele ngokunyuka kwayo okanye inkangeleko ye-semi-shrubby kunye ne-bracts yayo emangalisayo kwimithunzi yemagenta, ipinki, i-fuchsia, i-orenji, ebomvu, etyheli, okanye emhlophe. Kukho malunga ne-18 yeentlobo ezamkelweyo kunye neendidi ezininzi zemixube kunye neentlobo, ezahlulwe ngombala webracts kunye nokukhula kwazo, ezinye zazo zinyuka kwaye ezinye zixinene okanye zikhula kancinci.
Ukunyuka kwe-bougainvilleas kudla ngokugcina amagqabi amaninzi ngexesha lasebusika, ngelixa iintlobo ezihlangeneyo zinokuphulukana namagqabi athile kwiindawo ezibandayo. Ukongeza kwixabiso layo lokuhombisa, i-bougainvillea ithathwa njengesityalo sonyango kwezinye iindawo kwaye ifanekisela ukwamkelwa kunye novuyo, iyenza ilungele ukuhombisa indawo yokungena, iitesi, okanye iibhalkhoni.
Isixhobo sokutyala kufuneka sibe sikhulu kangakanani?
Ngaphambi kokutyala i-bougainvillea kwisixhobo sokutyala, Khetha isikhongozeli esilingana nobukhulu bangoku bengcambu yengcambu yesityaloUkusebenzisa isixhobo sokutyala esikhulu kakhulu kunokubangela ukufuma okugqithisileyo kwi-substrate, enokuthi ibe yingozi kwimpilo ye-bougainvillea, njengoko iingcambu zayo zingakwazi ukunyamezela ukuhlala zifumile ixesha elide.
Ingcebiso efanelekileyo kukuba i isixhobo sokutyala sinobude kunye nobubanzi obungekho ngaphezulu kobukhulu obuphindwe kabini kobukhulu bengcambuUkuba i-bougainvillea yakho isencinci (ingaphantsi kwesiqingatha semitha ubude), kungcono ukuyigcina embizeni-malunga ne-20 ukuya kwi-30 cm ububanzi-de ifikelele kubukhulu obuqinileyo (malunga ne-40-50 cm ubude). Xa ikhula ngaphezu kobu bude, inokutshintshwa kwi-planter esisigxina, ekufuneka ibe ubuncinane 40-50 cm ububanzi kunye 30-40 cm ubunzuluEzi sayizi zilungele ukuba isityalo siphuhlise iingcambu zaso kwaye sikhule ngokufanelekileyo.
Ungalibali ukuba isixhobo sokutyala—enoba senziwe ngodongwe, iplastiki, iplanga, ilitye okanye isamente— kufuneka isoloko inemingxuma yokuhambisa amanzi Ukuthintela ukukhutshwa kwamanzi, eyona nto ibangela ukubola kweengcambu. Ukuba ukhetha udongwe okanye iiplanti zeterracotta, ziya kuba negalelo kwi-aeration engcono kunye nokunyuka kwamanzi amaninzi.
Yeyiphi isubstrate okanye umhlaba ofunwa yibougainvillea?
IBougainvillea Ayifuni ngokukodwa nge-substrate, kodwa ukuqinisekisa ukukhula okulungileyo, khetha isiseko sehlabathi esisemgangathweni esikhanyayo, esiponji, nesivuzayo kakuhle. Iingcambu ze-Bougainvillea zifuna indawo apho umswakama ungami, ngoko umxube kufuneka ukhuphe kakuhle kakhulu.
- Umgangatho we-universal substrate: Jonga iibrendi ezaziwayo, ezineperlite okanye ivermiculite, kwaye ezingadibanisi kakhulu.
- Ifayibha yekhokhonathi: Kuyindawo enkulu ukuba ukhangele i-substrate ekhaphukhaphu ene-aeration ephezulu kunye nokugcinwa komswakama ngaphandle kokungena kwamanzi. Nangona kunjalo, inika izondlo ezimbalwa, ngoko kuya kufuneka uchume rhoqo.
- Kucetyiswa umxube wasekhaya: I-60% ye-universal substrate okanye i-compost ehluziwe kakuhle, i-20% yentlabathi erhabaxa okanye yomlambo, kunye ne-20% ye-perlite okanye i-pumice.
Kuphephe ukusebenzisa udongwe okanye umhlaba oxinene kakhulu. Ukuba isixhobo sokutyala sikhulu kakhulu, unokongeza umaleko wokuqala wegrabile, iitshiphusi zethayile, okanye iibhola zodongwe ezandisiweyo ukuya ezantsi ukukhuthaza amanzi.
Indlela yokutyala i-bougainvillea kwisixhobo sokutyala inyathelo ngenyathelo
- Khetha i-bougainvillea enempilo, ngokukhethekileyo embizeni. Ukuba uyithenga kwindawo yokugcina abantwana, qiniseka ukuba ingcambu yengcambu yenziwe kakuhle kwaye isityalo asibonisi zimpawu zezinambuzane okanye ukubola.
- Lungisa isixhobo sokutyala Gcwalisa isiqingatha nge-substrate ecetyiswayo. Ukuba sisixhobo sokutyala esikhonkrithi okanye esikhulu, beka izinto zokuhambisa amanzi emazantsi (igrabile, amatye, iibhola zodongwe).
- Susa ngononophelo i-bougainvillea embizeniUkuba i-rootball ibambene kakhulu, yenza amanxeba angekho nzulu ukukhuthaza ukuhluma.
- Beka isityalo embindini yesixhobo sokutyala, yongeza i-substrate eyongezelelekileyo malunga nayo kwaye ucinezele ngobunono ukuphelisa iipokotho zomoya.
- Nkcenkceshela ngokuphakathi kanye emva kokutshintshwa, qinisekisa ukuba amanzi aphuma kakuhle kwaye akahlali egcwele amanzi.
Ukuba utyala kwi-cuttings, unokucwina isiseko se-root hormone kwaye usigcine sigqunywe ngeplastiki ecacileyo kwiiveki ezininzi ukukhuthaza ukukhula kweengcambu. Qinisekisa ukuba i-substrate ihlala ifumile, kodwa ayizange ibe namanzi.
Indawo yokubeka i-bougainvillea kwisixhobo sokutyala: ukukhanya, ubushushu kunye nendawo
Impumelelo ye-bougainvillea kwiiplanti ixhomekeke kakhulu kwindawo yayo:
- eLuzi: Ibalulekile. Iimfuno zeBougainvillea ubuncinane iiyure ezintandathu zokukhanya okuthe ngqo ngosuku ngalunye ukuze utyatyambe kakhulu. Jongisa isixhobo sokutyala emazantsi okanye apho sifumana ukukhanya okukhulu. Ukuba unayo ngaphakathi, yibeke ecaleni kwefestile enkulu enelanga. Ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nendlela yokuyigcina ikwimeko entle, jonga yethu Isikhokelo esipheleleyo sentsingiselo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-bougainvillea.
- temperatura: Ikhetha amaqondo obushushu kunye nokhuseleko kwiqabaka eqatha. Iyakwazi ukunyamezela amaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kwe-2 okanye i-3 degrees ngaphantsi kwe-zero, kodwa kwiindawo ezibandayo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uyikhusele ebusika, mhlawumbi ngokuyisondeza eludongeni olufudumeleyo okanye ukuyigubungela ngengubo ye-thermal ukuba awukwazi ukuyingenisa ngaphakathi.
- Umoya: Beka isixhobo sokutyala kwindawo engena umoya, kodwa apho singayi kuboniswa kwidrafti ebandayo okanye imimoya ebhudla ngamandla enokonakalisa amasebe.
Imiyalelo esisiseko yokhathalelo lwe-bougainvillea kwisixhobo sokutyala
Ukugcina i-bougainvillea kwisixhobo sokutyala ayohlukanga kakhulu kunokuyikhulisa emhlabeni, kodwa kubalulekile ukubeka iliso kwimiba embalwa ebalulekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba isityalo siyakhula kwaye sibonisa iintyatyambo ezintle.
Ukunkcenkceshela okwaneleyo
Nangona i-bougainvillea ikwazi ukumelana nembalela, Kwizixhobo zokutyala kubalulekile ukulawula ukunkcenkceshela kuba i-substrate yoma ngokukhawuleza kodwa inokugalela amanzi ngokulula.
- Ehlotyeni, amanzi ngevekiUkuba kushushu kakhulu kwaye uqaphela ukuba i-substrate yomile, unokwandisa ukuphindaphinda.
- Ebusika okanye ngamaxesha obushushu obuncinane. Jonga i-substrate phambi kokunkcenkceshela kwakhona: Faka umnwe kwaye ukuba yomile kubunzulu be-2-3 cm, lixesha lokusela amanzi.
- Kuphephe ukumanzisa amagqabi kunye neentyatyambo ukuthintela ukungunda; sebenzisa amanzi ngokuthe ngqo kwi-substrate.
- Ungaze ushiye amanzi eqokelelana kwisosi yesixhobo sokutyala.
Isichumisi sokuvuselela iintyatyambo
Isichumiso sibalulekile ukuze i-bougainvillea idubule ngamandla, ngakumbi kwizikhongozeli:
- Sebenzisa izichumisi ezingamanzi zezityalo ezidubulayo okanye ezithile ze-bougainvilleas rhoqo kwiiveki ezi-2-3 entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni, ngokulandela imiyalelo yomenzi.
- Kuphephe ukutya kakhulu: I-Bougainvillea iqhele umhlaba ongenazo izondlo, kwaye kakhulu kunokubangela amagqabi amaninzi aluhlaza kodwa iintyatyambo ezimbalwa.
- Gcwalisa nge izichumisi ezityebileyo ze potassium ngexesha leentyantyambo ukukhuthaza ukubunjwa kwebracts ezintsha.
- Ungatshintshana nezichumiso ezikhutshwa kancinci kancinci, ezifana nokugalelwa iintshulube okanye umgquba okhule kakhulu, kanye ngenyanga okanye emva kweenyanga ezimbini.
- Ungaze udibanise izichumisi ezahlukeneyo ngexesha elinye.
Ukuthena i-bougainvillea kwisixhobo sokutyala
Ukuthena kubalulekile ukugcina ukumila kunye nokuvuselela imveliso yeentyatyambo, njengoko i-bougainvillea idubula kumasebe amatsha:
- Phula kancinci entwasahlobo, ususe amasebe omileyo, abuthathaka, okanye angalungelelanisiyo kakuhle. Ungathena kwakhona ekwindla ukuba imozulu ipholile kwaye akukho mngcipheko weqabaka eqatha.
- Yenza ukusika okucocekileyo, rhoqo ngaphezu kwe-node okanye i-bud. Ukuba nawaphi na amasebe angqindilili, sebenzisa isarha yesandla endaweni yezikere zokuthena.
- Ngexesha lokukhula, unokwenza i-pruning encinci yokulondoloza ukulawula ubungakanani kunye nokukhuthaza i-branching.
- Musa ukuthena kakhulu: Iintyatyambo zivela kumasebe amancinci, ngoko ukususa amahlumela amatsha amaninzi kuya kubangela ukuqhakaza okuncinci.
Ukufundisa kunye nokukhokela: indlela yokumnceda ukuba anyuke
Ukuba ufuna i-bougainvillea ikhwele kwaye igqume i-trellis, i-pergola, okanye i-railing, iya kufuna uncedo lwakho kumanqanaba okuqala okukhula:
- Nika isibonda esomeleleyo (intsimbi egqunywe ngerabha, uqalo, okanye umthi), ngakumbi xa isikhondo esingundoqo sifikelela kwisiqingatha semitha ubude.
- Bopha izikhondo eziphambili kwistakethi ngamaqhina osinga lwezityalo, amaqhina egadi, okanye i-twine ethambileyo, ukuthintela umonakalo kwizikhondo.
- Ngokuhamba kwexesha, i-bougainvillea iya kuzixhasa kwaye idibanise, kodwa igcine iqeqeshelwe ukufezekisa imilo emihle kwaye ithintele ukuba ingabikho.
Ukutshintshwa kunye nokuhlaziywa kwe-substrate
Kuphephe ukubuyisela i-bougainvillea rhoqo, njengoko isisityalo esibuthathaka kwaye sinokuba noxinzelelo. Ukuba ufuna ukuyibuyisela kwakhona ngenxa yokuba ikhule kakhulu okanye umhlaba uphelile, yenza njalo entwasahlobo kwaye uqaphele kakhulu:
- Khetha imini epholileyo, engenamoya.
- Nkcenkceshela isityalo kakuhle kwiiyure ezingama-24-48 kwangaphambili ukuze kube lula ukususwa kweengcambu.
- Phatha ibhola yeengcambu ngobumnene, uhloniphe iingcambu kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
- Soloko uhlaziya inxalenye yesubstrate kwaye uphephe ukonakalisa iziqu eziphambili.
Ukusasazwa kweBougainvillea kunye nokudityaniswa nezinye izityalo kwisixhobo sokutyala
I-Bougainvillea inokusasazwa ngokusikwa kwemithi entwasahlobo okanye ehlotyeni. Ukuba ukhetha le ndlela, khetha iziqu eziphilileyo, ezivuthiweyo, zinqumle ngaphantsi kwe-node, susa amaqabunga aphantsi, kwaye utyale kumhlaba omanzi, ococekileyo, ogubungela isikhwama seplastiki kuze kube yilapho i-rooting yenzeke.
Kwiiplanti ezinkulu, unokudibanisa i-bougainvillea kunye iiplanti ezinkulu zangaphandle okanye izityalo ezineengcambu ezingezizo kunye neemfuno ezihambelanayo, ezifana ne-nasturtiums, ii-peas ezimnandi, okanye i-oenotera. Khetha iintlobo zonyaka okanye zomjikelo omfutshane ezinokususwa emva kokudubula kweentyatyambo kwaye ungakhuphisani ne-bougainvillea ngesithuba okanye izondlo.
Iintyatyambo, ixesha elide kunye neengxaki eziqhelekileyo
IBougainvillea inokudubula phantse unyaka wonke kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo, ezingenaqabaka. Phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo, iintyatyambo zihlala iiveki ezintathu ukuya kwezintlanu kwaye zingenzeka izihlandlo ezininzi ngonyaka. Ukugcina iintyatyambo eziqhubekayo, qinisekisa ukukhanya okuninzi, ukunciphisa ukunkcenkceshela, kunye nokuchumisa nge potassium ngexesha lokubunjwa kweentyatyambo.
Ukuba ayidumi, jonga ukuba ifumana ukukhanya okwaneleyo kwaye akukho nayitrojeni egqithileyo yokuchumisa (umgquba oluhlaza omninzi uvelisa amagqabi amaninzi kunye neentyatyambo ezimbalwa). Isenokuyeka ukuntshula iintyatyambo emva kokutshintshwa okanye ukuthenwa okungqongqo; ngomonde nangenkathalo efanelekileyo, iya kuhluma kwakhona.
Ezona zinambuzane zixhaphakileyo ezitiyeni ziintwala kunye neebugs, ingakumbi kwindawo ezomileyo okanye ezivalelekileyo. Beka iliso ngaphantsi kwamagqabi kwaye usebenzise i-systemic insecticide okanye isepha ye-potassium ukuba ibonakala. Ifungus (ezifana ne powdery mildew okanye botrytis) zingakhula ukuba ukufuma kuthatha ixesha elide: ukuphucula umoya kunye nokunciphisa ukunkcenkceshela.
Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo malunga nokukhathalela i-bougainvillea kwizityalo
- Ndingayifumana i-bougainvillea ngaphakathi? Ewe, nje ukuba inokukhanya okuninzi kwendalo, ngokufanelekileyo kufutshane nefestile enelanga okanye kwindawo yokugcina izinto.
- Ngaba ungazithena iingcambu ukuba i-bougainvillea ikhula kakhulu? Kungcono ukunqanda oku: ukuthenwa kweengcambu ngokugqithisileyo kunokusenza buthathaka isityalo. Ukuba isityalo sikhula ngaphezu kwesikhongozeli saso, yitshintshe ngesitya esikhulu.
- Yintoni enokuyenza ukuba amagqabi ayawa okanye ajike abe tyheli? Oku kudla ngokubangelwa kukunkcenkceshelwa ngokungaqhelekanga, ukungabikho kokukhanya, okanye i-substrate ephelile. Lungisa le miba kwaye isityalo siya kufumana amandla kwakhona.
- Ikhula kangakanani i-bougainvillea kwisixhobo sokutyala? Ikhula ngokukhawuleza; inokufikelela kwiimitha ezininzi ukuba iqeqeshwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye igawulwe, nangona ukuphuhliswa kwayo kunqandekile kwiimbiza.
- Loluphi uhlobo lwe-bougainvillea oluxhathisa kakhulu kubanda? I-Bougainvillea sanderiana yenye yezona zinto zinyamezelayo kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi kunye nomthunzi oyingxenye.
Ngokuzinikezela kunye nokhathalelo olufanelekileyo, i-bougainvillea yakho ekwisikhongozeli iya kukuvuza ngeentyatyambo ezintle ezinemibala eqaqambileyo ixesha elininzi lonyaka. Sisityalo esomeleleyo, esikwaziyo ukuguqula iikona ezincinci zibe yindawo echumileyo, edlamkileyo, elungele abaqalayo kunye nabalimi abanamava. Zama ukonwabela amandla kunye nobuhle bayo, nokuba uyidibanise nezinye izityalo, kwaye uya kubona ukuba i-terrace yakho, i-balcony, okanye ingaphakathi iya kuzaliswa kukukhanya kunye novuyo kulo lonke ixesha lonyaka.
