Ngaphambi kokuba ungene kwiinkcukacha, kuyafaneleka ukukhumbula iinyani ezimbini zebhotani eziye zingahoywa ngamanye amaxesha. Kwisandle esinye, Imithi yesitrasi ngokwendalo ichitha inxalenye enkulu yeentyatyambo kunye neziqhamo zayo. xa bengenako ukuzigcina: yindlela eqhelekileyo yokulawula.
uthi ke, ukuba umthi wakho ukhule embewu, awamiliselwa; Kungathatha iminyaka emihlanu okanye ngaphezulu. ekungeneni kwimveliso epheleleyo. Kwezo meko, into elumkileyo kukuba ube nomonde okanye ukhethe i-specimen ehlonyelweyo, ekhawuleza kakhulu intyatyambo yokuqala.
Iimpazamo ezi-3 zesichumiso kunye ne-drainage ezonakalisa iintyatyambo kunye nencindi
Imithi emininzi ye-lemon enezimbiza iyasilela ngenxa yesizathu esifanayo: isubstrate edityanisiweyo, ukunkcenkceshela okungahambanga kakuhle, kunye nezondlo ezingalungelelanangaOlu kudibanisa lunciphisa i-oksijini kwiingcambu, i-leach minerals okanye ibhlokhi ukufunxa, kwaye ibangele iintyatyambo ezingabeki iziqhamo okanye iilamuni ezine-pulp encinci kunye ne-flavour.
Imposiso yoku-1: I-substrate enzima kunye nokungahambi kakuhle kwamanzi
Xa umhlaba udityanisiwe kwaye amanzi ethatha iiyure ukuba abe ngumphunga, iingcambu ziyafuthanisela kwaye umhlaba wokungunda uyakhula. Kulapho bavela khona. Amahlumelo abuthathaka, ukudumba kweentyatyambo, kunye neziqhamo ezingenajusiEmbizeni, ukukhupha amanzi kubomi bomthi we-lemon: amanzi kufuneka angene, afumeze kwaye aphume, ngaphandle kwemigxobhozo okanye i-puddles yaphakade.
Ukuthintela oku, zombini isikhongozeli kunye nomxube wembiza zibalulekile. Sebenzisa iimbiza ezinemingxuma enkulu yokukhupha amanzi, umaleko wokuhambisa amanzi xa kukho imfuneko, kunye nomxube wobumbiza obunomoya ongabumbani lula. Ngelixa kunokubonakala kuphambi kwexesha ukuthetha ngomxube othile ngaphandle kweresiphi echanekileyo, eyona nto iphambili kukuba Akufanele kube "nzima" kunye nomgangatho odibeneyoI-porosity ivumela iingcambu ukuba zihlolisise kwaye zenze izondlo ezongezelelweyo zifumaneke.
Kwiimbiza, i-drainage ingundoqo: ukuba ufuna isikhokelo ekukhetheni okanye ekutyaleni, bona ukuba njani tyala umthi welamuni embizeni ngokuchanekileyo.
Impazamo 2: Ukunkcenkceshela okutshonayo okanye ukunkcenkceshela okugxininisayo
Ukunkcenkceshela kubalulekile, kodwa "njani" kubaluleke ngakumbi. Zombini imbalela ehlala ixesha elide kunye nokunkcenkceshela rhoqo kuya konakalisa iintyatyambo neziqhamo. Imithi yesitrasi iyakuxabisa ukunkcenkceshelwa ngaphandle kwezithubaVumela umaleko ongaphezulu we-substrate ukuba wome phakathi kokunkcenkceshela, ngaphandle kokuguqula imbiza ibe yidama okanye intlango. Esi singqisho sithintela ukutshatyalaliswa kweengcambu kwaye, ngexesha elifanayo, aliphazamisi iinkqubo zeentyantyambo kunye neziqhamo.
Inqaku elinomdla elihlala likhohliwe: uxinzelelo lwamanzi oluncinci, ukuba lulawulwa kakuhle, lunokubangela ukuqhubela phambili komthi. Xa umthi we-lemon "uvakalelwa" ukoma okuthile, udla ngokubeka phambili iziqhamo.Nangona kunjalo, ukukhanya kukukhanya; amagqabi amaninzi ayabuna, ukuwa kwamathupha amakhulu, kunye neziqhamo ezikumgangatho ophantsi.
Impazamo yesi-3: Ukuchumisa okungalungelelananga okuvelisa amagqabi kodwa kungabikho siqhamo
Ukuchumisa kubaluleke kakhulu. Ubuninzi benitrogen bukhuthaza isityalo ukuba sivelise amagqabi amatsha kunye namasebe athambileyo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukudubula. Obo tyani buchumileyo buyamangalisa, kodwa Oku kuguqulela kwiilamuni ezimbalwa okanye iilamuni ezimbiEyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yezityalo ezifakwe embizeni kukuchumisa ngobulumko: i-organic matter efana ne-humus okanye i-leachate, kwaye, xa kufanelekile, izichumisi ezipheleleyo nezilungelelanisiweyo.
Ixesha nalo libalulekile. Eyona ndlela isebenzayo yile... ukubonelela ngezondlo ekuqaleni kweentyantyambo nangexesha lokuzaliswa kweziqhamoOku kuya kuxhasa isethi yeziqhamo kunye nophuhliso lwe-pulp. Gcwalisa esi sicwangciso ngomqolo we-organic mulch phezu kwe-substrate: igcina ukufuma, iphucula ubume bomhlaba ekuhambeni kwexesha, kwaye inceda iingcambu zifunxe oko zikufunayo.
Ukukhanya kunye nokuthenwa: amabini amahlakani ukuze intyatyambo imiswe
Ngaphandle kwelanga elaneleyo akukho swekile, kwaye ngaphandle kweeshukela akukho ntyatyambo okanye ijusi. Umthi we-lemon ofakwe embizeni udinga ubuncinane iiyure ezintandathu zelanga elithe ngqo ngosuku.Ngaphakathi okanye kwiipatios ezinomthunzi kakhulu, umthi uya kukhula kuphela kwaye iintyatyambo ziya kubandezeleka. Ukuba awukwazi ukuyinika ilanga ngokwaneleyo, kuya kuba nzima kakhulu ukuba ikhule.
Ukuthena kukwadlala indima. Ayisiyonto yokuyishiya ize, kodwa malunga vula iglasi kwaye uphephe ukuzifihlaSusa amasebe akhula esingise embindini kwaye uthene nakuphi na ukunqumla okuvala ukukhanya kwesinye isityalo. Ngokungena komoya kakuhle kunye nokukhanya kwangaphakathi, iintyatyambo zeentyatyambo zikhula ngcono kwaye iziqhamo ziphucula.
"Imfihlelo" yeziqhamo zeziqhamo: kutheni iintyatyambo kunye neziqhamo ezincinci ziwa?
Nokuba wenza yonke into ngokufanelekileyo, uya kubona iintyatyambo okanye iziqhamo eziluhlaza ziwa. Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo. Malunga ne-90% yeentyatyambo zesitrasi azikhuli zibe ziziqhamo ezivuthiweyoUmthi ukhetha into onokuyifunxa uze uyikhulule eseleyo. Into onokuyilawula kukunciphisa ilahleko "eyongezelelweyo" yencindi ebangelwa kuxinzelelo lwamanzi, ukungabikho kokukhanya, ukungalingani kwezondlo, okanye iingcambu ezifuthanisiweyo.
Gcina ukhumbula omnye umgaqo womdlalo: xa izixhobo zinqongophele, Kukho ukhuphiswano phakathi kweziqhamoUkuba umthi umncinci, awukwazi ukuthwala umthwalo onzima kwaye uya kuwisa inxalenye yesivuno ngaphambi kwexesha. Ngamanye amaxesha kungcono ukususa ngesandla iilamuni zokuqala kumthi omncinci ukuze ukwazi ukugxininisa amandla awo ekukhuleni nasekuphuhliseni isakhiwo esomeleleyo.
Ingaba umthi wakho welamuni umiliselwe? Ixesha kunye nokulindela
Ukuba isityalo sakho siphuma embewini kwaye asimiliselwa, Kungathatha iminyaka emihlanu nangaphezulu ukuvelisa ngokuthembekileyoAyilotyala lakho: yibhayoloji yabo. Ukuba ufuna ukukhawulezisa izinto, fumana umthi welamuni umiliselwe kwisiphunzi esifanelekileyo; bakholisa ukudubula kunye neziqhamo kwangaphambili kwaye rhoqo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umthi wakho sele udlulile "ubudala bobuntwaneni" kwaye usenayo iintyatyambo, khangela ezinye izinto: ilanga, ukuthenwa, ukunkcenkceshela, ukukhupha amanzi kunye nokuchumisaUlungelelwaniso oluncinane kuyo nayiphi na loo mida ludla ngokuvula iintyatyambo.
Ukubanda, ubushushu obugqithisileyo kunye nezothuso zemozulu
Iqabaka kade okanye ixesha elibandayo liphazamisa ukuntshula kweentyatyambo kwaye kubangele ukuba iziqhamo ezitsha zisiwe. Iziqhamo zeCitrus zisebenza kakuhle kwiindawo ezipholileyo, ezisezantsi, okanye kwimozulu yetropikhi. Ukuba uhlala kwindawo ebandayo, khusela umthi ngeenyanga zomngcipheko Kwaye ithatha ukuba imveliso ingaba ngaphantsi. I-greenhouse epholileyo, i-mat yokushisa ekujoliswe kuyo, okanye ukuhambisa imbiza kwindonga enelanga yenza wonke umehluko.
Ubushushu obugqithileyo nabo buthatha ubunzima. Ehlotyeni ngamaqondo obushushu amalunga ne-40–45°C, iintyatyambo ziphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kwaye umungu uphulukane nokusebenza; kwi-25 ° C, le ngxaki ayibonakali kakhulu. Uxinzelelo lwe-thermal, nokuba lugqithise okanye lungonelanga, lukwandisa ukuhla.Ukuba ufumana amaza obushushu, phucula i-hydration emva kwemini kwaye unikeze umthunzi okhanyayo ngexesha leeyure eziphakamileyo ukuphepha "ukupheka" iintyatyambo.
Izinambuzane kunye nezifo: amagqabi ambalwa asebenzayo, iziqhamo ezincinci
Intyatyambo neziqhamo ezisakhulayo zithambile. Ukuba izinambuzane okanye i-pathogens zonakalisa amaqabunga amancinci okanye izicubu, umthi we-lemon "uthatha isigqibo" sokuba akufanelekanga ukuqhubeka ukondla loo mthwalo kwaye uyikhulule. Gcina iliso kwiziqhamo zakudala zesitrasi: i-whitefly (i-Aleurothrixus floccosus), i-spider mite ebomvu (i-Tetranychus urticae) kunye nomgodi wokudubula (Phyllocnistis citrella).
Umzekelo oqhelekileyo wokungunda kwesooty, olo thuthu lumnyama olugqume igqabi emva kokuhlaselwa zizinambuzane ezikhupha umbethe wobusi. Olo maleko lunciphisa iphotosynthesis Kwaye ke, amandla okudubula kunye neziqhamo. Ukujongana nesitshabalalisi sokuqala kunye nokucoca amagqabi ukuba kuyimfuneko kubuyisela amandla okuvelisa umthi. Ukuba ubona amabala, izicubu ezithambileyo, okanye iziphene, yenza ngokukhawuleza ukunqanda ukulahlekelwa lixesha.
Ukunkcenkceshela izityalo ezisezimbizeni: indlela yokubeka indawo ngaphandle kokugqithisa
Isikhokelo esisebenzayo silula: ukunkcenkceshela okushiyekileyo kumanzi nzulu, ukuvumela umaleko womphezulu wome phambi kokuphinda. Kuphephe ukunkcenkceshela imihla ngemihla "ngaphandle kwesiqhelo" Ukuba umxube wokubumba usemanzi, kungcono ukujonga ngomnwe wakho, okanye ulinganise imbiza ukuze uve utshintsho. Ukuba usebenzisa i-saucer phantsi kwembiza, yikhuphe emva kokunkcenkceshela: ziphephe iingcambu ezinamanzi.
Ehlotyeni, usenokunkcenkceshela rhoqo; ebusika, ngaphantsi. Lungisa njengoko uhamba. Ukugqithiswa kwamanzi okuzinzileyo kuvelisa amagqabi athambileyo kunye nohlaza oluninzi, kodwa kancinane okanye akukho ntyatyamboNgokuchaseneyo, ukulibala ukunkcenkceshela iiveki kunokubangela ukuhla okukhulu kweentyatyambo kunye nokuphuhla kweziqhamo.
Umxhasi: yintoni oza kunikela ngayo kwaye nini
Kwiimbiza, izondlo ziphelelwa lula kwaye zihlanjwe. Yiyo loo nto kucetyiswa yongeza ngezinto eziphilayo (i-humus, i-compost ekhulileyo okanye i-leachate exutywe kakuhle) Kwaye, ngamaxesha abalulekileyo, sebenzisa isichumisi esilungeleleneyo. Indlela efanelekileyo yokusetyenziswa iqala ekuqaleni kweentyatyambo kwaye iqhubeke ngexesha lokukhula kweziqhamo.
Ayikokuthulula "kakhulu" kodwa malunga ukufumana ibhalansi echanekileyoInitrogen eninzi ityhala amagqabi kunye nehlumelo; isiseko esilungeleleneyo, esine potassium eyaneleyo, sikhuthaza intyatyambo, isiqhamo seziqhamo, kunye ne juiciness. Khumbula ukuba konke ukuchumisa kusebenza ngcono ukuba isubstrate inomoya owaneleyo kwaye inomsebenzi olungileyo webhayoloji.
I-Padding kunye nesakhiwo se-substrate
Umaleko we-mulch ephilayo ngaphezulu kwe-substrate isebenza ngomlingo olula: igcina ukufuma, igcina amaqondo obushushu, kwaye, njengoko ibola, Iphucula isakhiwo ukuze iingcambu zingene kwaye ziphefumle.Yeyona nto ifanelekileyo yokunkcenkceshela ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokuchumisa okulinganayo.
Ukuba umhlaba wakho uxinene, umthi welamuni "ubona" izondlo kodwa awukwazi ukuzifunxa. I-mulching inceda ukubuyisela oku emva kwexesha, kodwa ukuba imbiza sele igcwele kakhulu, cinga ukongeza umhlaba. ukutshintshwa kwi-substrate ekhululekile kunye ne-drainage engcono. Ukuchumisa akuncedi ukuba ingcambu ayifikeleli kule nto unikezela ngayo..
Ubungakanani bomthi: ukususwa nini iziqhamo
Ngamanye amaxesha umthi welamuni usemncinci kakhulu okanye umncinci kwaye usazama ngamandla ukuvelisa isiqhamo. Kwezo meko, ukuvumela isiqhamo sivuthwe ngokwenene kunokucothisa. Kungcono ukususa iilamuni zokuqala kwaye ubeke phambili ukukhulaNgale ndlela umthi ufumana ubume kwaye, kwixesha elizayo lonyaka, uya kukwazi ukuxhasa isivuno esikhulu somgangatho ongcono.
Oku kuhlobana nento ethethiweyo malunga nokunkcenkceshela: ukugqithisa kudla ngokukhuthaza amagqabi amatsha kunye namasebe angaphumeleli kwiilamuni. Ulawulo oluphakathi, ngaphandle kokutyiswa ngokugqithisileyo okanye indlala, lulungelelanisa uhlaza kunye neziqhamo.Ukuba awuqinisekanga malunga nobungakanani obufanelekileyo, jonga ukuba yimalini Ngaba umthi welamuni ungakhula embizeni?.
Iimpawu zokuxilongwa ngokukhawuleza
Ukuba awuqinisekanga, jonga emthini. Iimpawu ezininzi ziya kukukhokela malunga nokuba ulungelelanise ntoni. Qaphela le mikhondo iqhelekileyo ukulungisa kakuhle ukunkcenkceshela, ukuchumisa kunye nokukhupha amanzi ngaphandle kokudubula ebumnyameni.
- Amagqabi amaninzi athambileyo, aluhlaza namenyezelayo, kodwa zimbalwa okanye azikho iintyatyambo: kunokwenzeka ukuba ibe nenitrogen egqithisileyo kunye/okanye ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo.
- Iintyatyambo ezomile kwaye ziwe emva kokubanda okanye ukushisa okutshisayo: uxinzelelo lwe-thermal; khusela okanye umthunzi ngamaxesha anzima.
- Amaqabunga ngomgubo omnyama (i-sooty mold) kunye nobukho bezinambuzane: i-photosynthesis encinci; lawula isitshabalalisi esisezantsi kwaye ucoce amagqabi.
- Imbiza enzima kunye namanzi angenawo amanzi: i-compact substrate; Ukukhutshwa kwamanzi kunye nokungenisa umoya kufuna ukuphuculwa ngokukhawuleza.
Iqabaka kunye nokukhuselwa kwiindawo ezibandayo
Ukuba imozulu yakho yasebusika inzima, i-flowerpot ikunika inzuzo: ukuhamba. Beka umthi welamuni kufutshane neendonga ezinelanga, uwukhusele emoyeni, kwaye usebenzise ukhuselo lweqabaka. Xa kubhengezwa amaqondo obushushu amancinci. Nokuba kukho izilumkiso, imveliso kwiindawo ezibandayo ihlala iphantsi; ayilotyala lakho, ngumda we-thermal.
Ukuba iqabaka ikubamba ngeentyatyambo okanye iziqhamo ezincinci, cinga ukuba ezinye ziya kulahleka. Umthi uya kutyekela ekukhululeni oko ungenako ukuvuthwa. Iya kuntshula kwakhona xa imozulu ilungile. Lungisa ukunkcenkceshela kunye nokuchumisa njengoko ukukhula okutsha kubonakala.
Izitshabalalisi ezithile ezithintela isivuno
Kubalulekile ukuchonga izitshabalalisi eziqhelekileyo kwimithi yesitrasi egayiweyo ukuze ulwe nazo kwangethuba. Ibhabhathane elimhlophe (Aleurothrixus floccosus) Isenza buthathaka isityalo ngokufunxa incindi kwaye ishiya imolasses ekhuthaza ukungunda kwe sooty. isigcawu esibomvu (Tetranychus urticae) Ibangela ukuba amagqabi ome kwaye agqabhuke, ngakumbi kwiimeko ezishushu nezomileyo. I-Citril shoot miner (Phyllocnistis citrella) Ikhubaza amagqabi amatsha kwaye icothise ukukhula.
Ukuba akukho magqabi aphilileyo, Akukho mveliso yeswekile Kwaye isiqhamo siyabandezeleka. Jonga indawo engaphantsi kwamagqabi, lawula inani labantu kwasekuqaleni, kwaye uthintele ingxaki ukuba ingapheli. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba wenze, impembelelo encinci kwiintyatyambo kunye neziqhamo.
Nini kwaye njani ukulindela ijusi eninzi kwiilamuni zakho
Ubumuncu buxhomekeke kumanzi akhoyo ngexesha lokuzaliswa kweziqhamo, impilo yomthi, kunye nokulingana kwesondlo, ngakumbi i-potassium. Ngokunkcenkceshela rhoqo (ngaphandle kwamanzi), ilanga elininzi, kunye nokuchumisa okulinganayoI-pulp iyanda kwaye incasa iphucula. Umthi owondliwe kakuhle onamagqabi asebenzayo nguwo ovelisa i-lemons epheleleyo, kungekhona enye ekhula kuphela "emagqabini."
Kuphephe ukugqithisela: ixesha elide lokunxanwa okulandelwa kukunkcenkceshelwa kakhulu kunokubangela ukuba iziqhamo ziqhekeke okanye nika iilamuni ezinolusu olungqindilili kunye nentlaka encinciUkungaguquguquki okuphakathi kokona kulungileyo ngexesha lophuhliso lweziqhamo kwaye, ukuba kushushu kakhulu, lungelelanisa ukuya phezulu ngaphandle kokukhukula.
Uluhlu lokukhangela olubalulekileyo: yintoni engafanele iphoswe
Ukushwankathela ngokusebenza ngaphandle kokwenza izinto ezinzima: Ilanga elithe ngqo (iiyure ezi-6 nangaphezulu), i-substrate ene-aerated, ukunkcenkceshela ngezithuba, kunye nokuchumisa okulinganayo ngamaxesha abalulekileyo. Yongeza esweni impilo kunye nokukhuselwa kwemozulu ngexesha elifanelekileyo xa kufuneka.
- Ukukhanya: Ubuncinci iiyure ezintandathu zelanga elithe ngqo.
- I-Substrate kunye ne-drainage: akukho zimbiza ezigcina amanzi ngonaphakade.
- Ukunkcenkceshela: vumela umaleko womphezulu wome ngaphambi kokuba uphinde.
- Ukuchumisa: Isiseko se-organic kunye nesichumiso esilungelelanisiweyo kwintyatyambo nakwiziqhamo.
Kuye kwathiwa, kodwa kufanelekile ukugxininiswa: Ukuba umthi wakho welamuni awuzange udubule kwaye ukhule ukusuka kwimbewu, kusenokwenzeka ukuba kusekutsha kakhulu.Cinga i-graft ukuba ibe kwicala elikhuselekileyo, kwaye kuyo nayiphi na imeko, unakekele iintsika ezikhankanywe ngasentla.
Ngoku unemephu yokwenza umthi wakho welamuni ofakwe embizeni uyeke ukukhuthaza ukukhula kweentyatyambo kwaye uqale ukukunika iilamuni ngesixa esilungileyo sejusi. Iqhinga ayisiyo "imfihlo" engaqhelekanga, kodwa kunoko ukubeka ukukhanya, amanzi, umhlaba kunye nezondlo zihambelane.Ukunqanda imigibe emithathu yakudala yokukhupha amanzi kunye nokuchumisa. Xa umthi uziva ukhululekile kwaye wondlekile, "enkosi" ngendlela yayo: ngokuqhakaza kakhulu kwaye ugcwalise ibhasikidi ngeziqhamo.
