Ukusasazwa kwe-cactus ekulinyweni Bubuchule obubalulekileyo kwabo bafuna ukuphinda-phinda izityalo zabo, bafumane imizekelo eneempawu ezizodwa, okanye balinge ngokudala imixube. Ngelixa ukusasaza ngokusikwa kulula kwaye kuyasebenza, ukufumana imbewu ngokusasazwa ngesandla kuvula ilizwe lamathuba okuqokelela kunye nokuphucula ngokwemfuza i-cacti. Ngezantsi, sichaza yonke inkqubo ngokweenkcukacha, izinto ezibandakanyekayo, iimpawu ezithile zegenera eyahlukileyo, kunye neengcebiso ezisebenzayo zokusasaza ngempumelelo i-cacti kwimbewu.
Inkcazo yeMiqathango ePhambili kwiCactus Pollination
Ngaphambi kokuba usebenze, kubalulekile ukuqonda iingcamango ezimbini:
- Ivuvuzelo: Ibhekisa kwisenzo sokuhambisa umungu ukusuka kwi-stamens (amalungu endoda) ukuya kwibala (ilungu lobufazi) lentyatyambo yesityalo. Linyathelo elibalulekileyo phambi kokuchumisa.
- Qinisa: Yinkqubo emva kokudluliselwa kwepoleni, apho i-pollen grain intshula kwaye iphuhlise ityhubhu ye-pollen efikelela kwi-ovule kwi-ovary yentyatyambo, ivumela indibaniselwano yemfuzo kunye nokuphuhliswa kwembewu.
Ukudluliselwa kwepoleni ngokulula akusoloko kuqinisekisa ukuchumisa. I-Cacti, njengezinye izityalo, inokubona i-pollen yayo okanye yangaphandle ngokusebenzisa iindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-physiological ezibandakanya iiprotheni kunye neeshukela kwi-pollen grain kunye ne-pollen tube. Oku kugqiba ukuba ipollen iya kwamkelwa okanye yaliwe. echaphazela impumelelo yokuzala ngokwesondo.
Elona xesha lilungileyo lokusasazwa kweCactus
Impumelelo kwi-pollination yesandla ixhomekeke, ubukhulu becala, ekuchongeni ixesha elifanelekileyo xa intyatyambo ivuma. Ibala lidla ngokungavuthwa ngosuku lokuqala intyatyambo ivula; idla ngokuvaleka, imile okwenqindi. Xa ivula, Ibala libonisa ukukhula kunye namandla okwamkela. Le nkqubo iyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwiintlobo kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo.
Kuxhomekeke kwixesha leentyantyambo:
- Iintyatyambo ukusuka kwiintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5: Kwi-cacti njenge I-Astrophytum, Borzicactus o IMatucanaI-pollen ihlala ilungile ukususela ekuqaleni kokuvulwa kwe-corolla, nangona i-stigma inokuthi yamkeleke ngakumbi ngosuku lwesibini okanye lwesithathu.
- Iintyatyambo zobusuku obunye: Kwiintlobo ezifana Epiphyllum, IHylocereus, Selenicereus, I-Rhipsalis, Haageocereus y I-Pygmaeocereus, ukwamkelwa kwebala ngokuqhelekileyo kuhambelana nomzuzu wokuvulwa kweentyatyambo kwaye kunokugcinwa emva kokuvalwa.
Ukujongwa kwemihla ngemihla kunye nokuvulwa kweentyatyambo kunye nokuphuhliswa kubalulekile ekukhetheni ixesha elifanelekileyo lokudluliselwa kwembewu.
Uyisasaza njani iCactus ekulimeni?
Uvuvuzelo lwezandla yinkqubo elula kodwa ifuna umonde nokuchaneka:
- Sebenzisa ibrashi yepeyinti elungileyo okanye iswab yomqhaphu kwaye uyihlikihle ngamandla phezu kwestameni ukuqokelela umungu (umgubo otyheli ngokubanzi).
- Dlulisa umungu kwibala lentyatyambo. Qinisekisa ukuba uyihluthise kakuhle, ngakumbi ukuba ibala sele livulekile kwaye liyamkeleka.
- Phinda le nkqubo, ngokukhethekileyo kathathu ngexesha leentyatyambo, kwaye nangeentsuku ezilandelelanayo ukuba intyatyambo ihlala ivulekile.
Obunye ubuchule bubandakanya ukuzisa ngesandla iintyatyambo zecacti ezimbini ezidubulayo kunye ukuze amabala kunye ne-stamens zihlangane, nangona oku kunokwenzeka kuphela xa i-morphology yeentyatyambo ivumela oko.
Ukuhambelana kweCactus Pollination
Ukuhambelana kwemfuza kunempembelelo eqinisekileyo:
- Los i-cacti engahambelaniyo zifuna ubuncinane abantu ababini abahlukeneyo ngokwemfuza ukuba bavelise imbewu esebenzayo, njengoko bengawamkeli umungu wabo. Ngoko ke, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kugcinwe ubuncinane bemizekelo emine ukwandisa amathuba okudubula kweentyatyambo ngaxeshanye.
- Los cacti ezihambelanayo Ewe, ziyakwazi ukuzichumisa ngokwazo. Ezinye genera ezifana I-Rhipsalis y Mfana yeli qela. Nangona kunjalo, ezininzi iintlobo ziphuhlisa iindlela zokukhuthaza ukudluliselwa kwepoleni kwaye ngaloo ndlela ukwandisa ukuguquguquka kwemfuzo.
Iingcebiso kunye nezisombululo kwiingxaki zeentyatyambo
Ukuba i-cacti yakho ayihambelani ngexesha leentyantyambo, kukho iindlela onokukhetha kuzo:
- Ukufumana imixube: Ukuba unezityalo ezisondeleleneyo, ungazama ukuzidibanisa. Imizekelo eyimpumelelo ibandakanya IMatucana x oreocereus y Haageocereus x UmfaziQhagamshelana noncwadi oluxutyiweyo malunga nendibaniselwano enokwenzeka.
- Ukuvuselela kunye neemfihlo ezineswekile: Ezinye iintyatyambo zivelisa ezi zinto, ezinokuthi, xa zisetyenziswa kwibala, zikhuthaze ukwamkelwa kwe-pollen yakhe emva kwemizuzu embalwa.
- Ukusetyenziswa kwangaphambili kwepollen kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo: Ukufaka umungu osuka kolunye uhlobo kuqala, kulandele umungu ophuma kwintyatyambo enye, ngamanye amaxesha kunokuvuselela impendulo entle kwibala. Obu bubuchule obuphambili. luncedo kwiimeko ezithile.
- Indawo yokugcina umungu: Gcina i-pollen kwiityhubhu ezingenawo umoya kunye ne-desiccant, ikhuselwe ekukhanyeni, kwaye ifakwe efrijini phakathi kwe-5 kunye ne-10 degrees (engekho iqhwa). Le ndlela, Ukusebenza kwayo kugcinwa ukuya kutsho kwiintsuku ezingama-30, kuququzelela uvuvuzelwano olulityazisiweyo.
I-Cactus Pollinators yendalo
Ngaphantsi kweemeko zendalo, ukuhanjiswa kwe-cactus kwenziwa zizilwanyana ezahlukeneyo:
- Izinambuzane ezisasaza imbewu: Iinyosi, i-waps, izinambuzane kunye nezinye izinambuzane zihlala ziyi-agent eziphambili, ezikhangwa ngumbala, iphunga kunye ne-nectar yeentyatyambo.
- amalulwane: Ngokukodwa kwi-columnar cacti eneentyantyambo ezinkulu, ezibanzi, apho amalulwane athwala i-pollen ukusuka kwesinye isityalo ukuya kwesinye.
- Iingcungcu: Kwiintlobo ezineentyatyambo ze-tubular kunye nemibala eqaqambileyo (efana ne Cleisocactus, Borzicactus, oreocereus), iingcungcu zinendima ebalulekileyo.
- Amanundu asebusuku: Kwi-cacti eqhakaza ebusuku (Selenicereus, Epiphyllum), i-pollination idla ngokuqhutyelwa ngamanundu, alungelelaniswe kwizakhiwo ezide kunye neentyatyambo zeentyatyambo.
Ukungabikho kwezi zithuthi ekulimeni, umsebenzi uwela kumlimi, onokukwazi ukulawula ukuwela kunye nokufumana imbewu ngokuthanda, njengoko kuchaziwe kwinqaku lethu. yintoni i-pollination.
I-Anatomy yokuzala yeentyatyambo zeCactus
Las Iintyatyambo zeCactaceae zidla ngokuba yi-hermaphroditic, ebonisa ngentyatyambo enye zombini iinkunzi (istamens ezine-pollen-laden anthers) kunye nemazi (pistil, enebala, isimbo, kunye nesiyilelo-maqanda). Iipetali ezinemibala eqaqambileyo zisebenza njengento yokutsala i-pollinators yendalo.
Kwizityalo zasekhaya okanye kwi-greenhouse, Ukungabikho kwezinto ezihambisa ipoleni kunokuphazamisa ukuveliswa kwembewu. Ke ngoko, ukudluliselwa kwepoleni ngesandla yeyona ndlela ilungileyo, ifuna ukungaguquguquki ngalo lonke ixesha lokudubula kweentyatyambo kunye nokuphinda inkqubo kaninzi ngeveki.
Ukuveliswa ngokwesondo ngokusasazwa kwe-pollination kwi-cacti yindlela ethi, xa ikwazi kakuhle, ivumela ukuhlukahluka kofuzo olulodwa kunye nezityalo ezilungiselelwe ukunambitha komqokeleli ngamnye. Ngokujonga kunye nokulinga, iindlela zinokuthi zilungelelaniswe ngohlobo ngalunye oluthile, ukwandisa ingqokelela yakho kunye nokukhuthaza ukugcinwa kwezi zityalo zingaqhelekanga.
