Le ntwasahlobo ayizukubonwa ngabo babandezelekayo ukungakwazi ukuphefumla okubangelwa yimpova ESpain, iimodeli zemozulu kunye nedatha ye-aerobiological ibonisa ixesha elide nelinzima kunesiqhelo, eliphawulwa kukuqala kwangoko kwezinye iipollen kunye nokwanda okukhulu xa imozulu izinza.
Iziphepho zakutshanje zishiye umhlaba omanzi kakhulu kwaye unomoya ofumileyoindawo efanelekileyo yokuba iintlobo ezininzi zezityalo zichume. Kwangaxeshanye, utshintsho lwemozulu luphazamisa ikhalenda yokwenziwa kwembewu yezityalo zakudalaukwandisa ixesha lonyaka kunye nokukhetha ukudibana phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zepollen ezenza ubomi babantu abane-allergy bube nzima.
Imbonakalo yeempawu kunye nekhalenda ye-pollen eyinkimbinkimbi ngakumbi
Kwiindawo ezininzi zelizwe, izigulane ezininzi ziqalile ukuqaphela Iimpawu ze-allergy rhinitis ukususela ekupheleni kukaJanuwaringokuthimla, amehlo arhawuzelelayo, ukuxinana, kunye nokudinwa ngaphandle kwexesha "elisemthethweni" lentwasahlobo. Eyona nto iphambili kweli nqanaba lokuqala yimpova evela imithi yasebusika yasekupheleni kunye neyasentwasahlobo yasekuqaleni, njenge-alder, i-hazel, okanye ezinye iintlobo ze-conifers.
Iirekhodi ze Inethiwekhi ye-Aerobiology yaseSpain (REA) Kwaye uqikelelo oluvela kwiinkonzo zemozulu ezifana neMeteored lubonisa ukuba iSpain ifumene incopho enkulu yokuvundiswa kwemithi yebirch, ingakumbi kwisiqingatha esisemantla. Kwimimandla efana neGalicia, iCastile kunye neLeón, kunye nonxweme lwaseCantabrian, kuye kwakhutshwa izilumkiso. amazinga aphezulu kakhulu e-alder pollenngokwaneleyo ukubangela iingxaki kubantu abanomdla.
Eli xesha lonyaka lokuqala lokuvuna impova aliphelelanga emantla kuphela. Likwabonwe nakwimimandla ephakathi nempuma ye-Iberian Peninsula. imijikelo yepollen egqithanayo, kunye ne-alder ehambelana nokuqala kwesizini ye Cupressaceae (i-cypress, i-Arizona cypress, kunye nezinye iihedge zokuhombisa). Lo mxube we-pollens ezahlukeneyo emoyeni uthetha ukuba uninzi lwezigulane ezine-polysensitivity azinaso ikhefu.
Sijonge phambili kwiiveki ezimbalwa ezizayo, ukuba amaqondo obushushu aphantsi ayaqhubeka, iintlobo ezifana ne- uthuthu, ibhanana yesithunzi kwaye, ngakumbi, ingca bangena kwindawo leyo ngamandla amangalisayo. Iingcali azikuchasi ukuba ezinye iindawo ziya kubhalisa amanqanaba empova aphezulu ngokucacileyo kunomyinge weminye iminyaka, kunye nokwanda kweempawu.
Indlela ebonakala ngayo imephu yepollen: emantla, embindini nasezantsi kwepeninsula
Imeko ayifani: indawo nganye inezayo iprofayili yomngcipheko we-pollen kuxhomekeke kwizityalo ezibalaseleyo, ukukhethwa kwemithi yasezidolophini, kunye nemozulu yeenyanga zakutshanje. Umzekelo, iCupressaceae iye yanda kakhulu kwiindawo zasezidolophini kulo lonke ilizwe.
Kwizixeko ezifana IMadrid kunye namaphondo aliqela kwimpuma yePeninsula yase-IberiaI-cypress kunye ne-juniper pollen ziphakathi kwezona zityalo zokuqala zonyaka ezibangela ukungakhululeki, zihlala ziphakathi kukaJanuwari noMatshi. Ukufumaneka kwayo ngokubanzi kwiipaki, uthango lwezindlu kwaye amangcwaba athetha ukuba abo bane-aleji kwezi ntlobo zezilwanyana bayachatshazelwa rhoqo.
Phezulu emantla, kumaphondo afana ne SoriaIingcali ze-allergy zichaza imeko "engaqhelekanga" emva kweeveki zemvula enamandla. I-cypress pollen ifikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu kwangethuba, kwaye izigulane ezininzi ziqale ukuba neengxaki zokuphefumla phakathi kobusika. Nangona imvula inamandla isebenza njengohlobo oluthile lwe- “umkhusane” osusa impova okwethutyana emoyeni, aziyisusi: xa kuvela iintsuku eziliqela ezilandelelanayo zelanga, izityalo ziphendula ngokukhululeka okukhulu.
Ngokutsho kweengcali ezivela kwizibhedlele zasekuhlaleni, umhlaba "ugcwele amanzi" kwaye ukunyuka okuncinci kwamaqondo obushushu kwanele ukubangela oko bakuchaza njenge "Intwasahlobo eqhumayo": indawo entle kakhulu ngokwembono yezityalo, kodwa inzima kakhulu kubantu abanengxaki yokunganyamezelani, abaya kunyamezela iiveki zokuchatshazelwa kakhulu.
Emazantsi, ityala lika ECórdoba Oku kubonisa kakuhle oko kunokwenzeka kwiindawo ezinkulu zaseAndalusia nakwezinye iindawo zaseMeditera. Ukudibana kwemvula eninzi, amachibi agcweleyo, kunye nobushushu obuphezulu kumisela isiseko sokuqhakaza okukhulu kwezityalo. umthi weplane, ingca kunye nomnquma, kunye nexesha elide kuneliqhelekileyo le-pollen.
Imvula, ukubanda kunye nento ebizwa ngokuba "yimpembelelo yokuhlamba" yepollen
Imozulu injani kule busika, imvula exhaphakileyo kunye nokwehla kwamaqondo obushushuEzi ndlela zemozulu azigcinanga nje ngokuba manzi emhlabeni kodwa zikwatshintshe nomjikelo wokusasazwa kwembewu yezityalo. I-Spanish Society of Allergology and Clinical Immunology (SEAIC) igxininisa ukuba olu dibaniso lwemvula nokubanda luyalibazisa ezinye iintyatyambo zasebusika, ngelixa ngaxeshanye zilungiselela intwasahlobo enamandla kakhulu xa kubuya uzinzo lomoya.
Esinye seziganeko eziphambili yiloo nto ibizwa ngokuba "Isiphumo sokuhlamba"Iimvula ezinkulu zihlanza impova emoyeni zize ziyibeke emhlabeni, nto leyo enciphisa okwethutyana ubuninzi bempova emoyeni kwaye inike abantu abanesifo sokunganyamezelani imvakalelo yokukhululeka. Kwiintlobo ezifana nemithi ye-cypress, ekufuneka ifikelele kwincopho yayo ekupheleni kukaJanuwari nangoFebruwari, esi siphumo sicothisa ukukhululwa kwempova okuqhubekayo.
Nangona kunjalo, iingcali ze-allergy zilumkisa ukuba xa iziphepho zithotha kwaye amaqondo obushushu enyuka, [ukwanda kwe-allergies] kunokwenzeka. ukunyuka okukhulu kwamanqanaba empovangoxinzelelo oluphezulu kakhulu kwiintsuku ezimbalwa nje. Oku kunyuka ngequbuliso kudla ngokuthetha ukuba iimpawu ziya zisiba mbi kakhulu, ingakumbi kubantu abane-asthma okanye i-rhinitis engalawuleki kakuhle.
Ukongeza, ukufuma okuphezulu okungqongileyo kudala indawo efanelekileyo yefungi kunye neencukuthu zothuliEzi zinto zimbini ezibangela i-allergens zinxulunyaniswa kakhulu ne-asthma ye-allergy. Kwanakwiindawo apho ezi ngxaki bezingaqhelekanga khona, kukwakho neemeko ezininzi zokwanda kwe-asthma ezinxulumene nokufuma ixesha elide.
Iingcali ze-asthma zithi ukufuma okuphezulu kuphazamisa umqobo womoya kwaye kuthintela ukuvuleka kwe-mucus, okwenza kube lula ukuva ezi zinto zibangela i-allergens kwaye zibangele iingxaki zokuphefumla eziqatha nezihlala zikho kubantu abasesichengeni.
Iindawo ezithandwa kakhulu yipollen ezidolophini: i-cypress, iplane tree, ingca kunye nemithi yomnquma
Izixeko azikhuselwanga kwimpembelelo yepollen. Ngokwahlukileyo koko: izityalo zokuhombisa Kwaye imigca yemithi yasezidolophini iye yaba yimithombo ephambili yokuvezwa kwamawaka abantu abahlala okanye abasebenza kwiindawo zasezidolophini. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukhetho kukusebenzisa izityalo ngaphandle kweentyatyambo ukunciphisa impembelelo ye-allergy.
Phakathi kukaJanuwari noMatshi, I-Cupressaceae (ii-cypresses, ii-cypresses zase-Arizona kunye neentlobo ezifanayo) Ziqalisa eli xesha kwiidolophu ezinkulu ezininzi. Ukusetyenziswa kwazo ngokubanzi kwiihedges, iigadi, nasemangcwabeni, kunye nokukwazi kwazo ukukhupha amafu e-pollen aqinisekileyo ngomoya ovuthuzayo, kuthetha ukuba izigulane ezininzi zifuna uncedo lwe-allergies kolu hlobo lwe-pollen, olungazange luqatshelwe kwiminyaka embalwa eyadlulayo xa luthelekiswa neengca zakudala.
Njengoko ikhalenda iqhubeka, lixesha lokuba ibhanana yesithunziIxhaphake kakhulu kwiindawo ezivulekileyo nakwiindawo ezisikwere. Iintyatyambo zayo zihlala zikhula phakathi kukaMatshi nasekuqaleni kuka-Epreli, kodwa zikhula ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu kwaye ziphezulu kakhulu. Abantu abaninzi abane-allergy bachaza le mihla njenge "nzima kakhulu," eneencam ezibukhali zamehlo anamanzi, ukuthimla, kunye nobunzima bokugxila.
Emva koko ingcaIqela elikhulu kakhulu lezityalo neengca ezidubula ngokwamanqanaba ukusuka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ukuya ehlotyeni. Kulo nyaka, ngenxa yamanzi amaninzi afumanekayo, uhlobo ngalunye kulindeleke ukuba ludubule ngesantya salo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ixesha elide nelihlala ixesha elide le-pollenkungekho zikhefu zingako.
El umnqumaIxesha leeminquma, elibaluleke kakhulu eAndalusia, eCastilla-La Mancha, nakwezinye iindawo ezineeminquma ezinkulu, kulindeleke ukuba lisebenze kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuba ityalwe kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezahlukeneyo, iintyatyambo zayo azityalwa ngaxeshanye kodwa ziphindaphindwa, nto leyo eyandisa ubukho bepollen emoyeni kangangeeveki ezininzi kwaye yenza kube nzima ukucwangcisela abantu abane-allergy.
Ezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo kwaye ngubani ofumana ubunzima obukhulu
Imizobo eqhelekileyo ye Umungu komzimba Zidibanisa amehlo, iimpumlo, kwaye, kwezinye iimeko, iimpawu zokuphefumla ezisezantsi. Ukurhawuzelela okukhulu emehlweni, ukukrazuka, kunye nokubomvu (i-conjunctivitis ye-allergic) zihamba kunye Ukuthimla okuphindaphindiweyo, ukuxinana kwempumlo, kunye nokurhawuzelela emlonyeni okanye emqaleniEzi mvakalelo zokurhawuzelela ziyindlela ebalulekileyo yokwahlula i-allergies kumkhuhlane nje.
Asimele silibale ukuba icandelo lenkqubo yomzimba liyasebenza: ukukhululwa kwe-histamine kunokubangela ukudinwa ngokubanzi, ukozela, kunye nokuziva ungenawo amandlaUninzi lwabantu abanengxaki yokulala bachaza umgangatho ophantsi wokungalali kakuhle, njengoko ukuxinana kweempumlo kunye nokurhawuzelelwa kwenza kube nzima ukuphumla ebusuku, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ukusebenza kwemihla ngemihla kube mandundu.
Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, kubonakala ngathi isifo sesifuba sonyakaUkukhohlela okomileyo okungapheliyo, ukuphefumla kancinci, ukuqina kwesifuba, kunye nobunzima bokwenza umthambo ophakathi. Ezi mpawu zinokuba yingozi kakhulu ngexesha le-peak pollen kwaye zifuna ukubekwa esweni ngokusondeleyo konyango olungaphantsi.
Iingcali zigxininisa ukuba kukho ukwanda abantu abaninzi abane-allergies I-aleji zokuphefumla zixhaphakile eSpain. Kuqikelelwa ukuba phakathi kwekota nesithathu sabantu banesi sifo esithile, kuquka izigulane zabo bonke ubudala, ukususela ebuntwaneni ukuya ekwaluphaleni. Ukongeza, uninzi lwazo lune-aleji. i-polysensitized kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-pollen sele sele ngaphakathi kwezityaloOku kubenza baphile neempawu ukususela ngoFebruwari, kunye nemithi ye-cypress, kude kube sehlotyeni, kunye nengca kunye nokhula olunye.
Oku kwanda okuqhubekayo kweziganeko kubangela ukuba iikliniki ze-allergy zixinezeleke kakhulu ngexesha leenyanga ezixakekileyo. Iingcali zisikhumbuza ukuba Uvavanyo lwe-allergy lunokwenziwa unyaka wonke.nokuba ngaphandle kwexesha leempawu, kwaye kuyacetyiswa ukuba uqalise ngaphambi kwexesha ukuze ufike entwasahlobo unokuxilongwa okucacileyo kunye nesicwangciso sonyango esichaziweyo.
Oko abantu abanesifo sokunganyamezelani banokukulindela kule ntwasahlobo: iingozi kunye nezigaba ezibalulekileyo
Eli xesha lonyaka liza kuba ngamava amanqanaba amabini kwizigulane zokuphefumla. Logama nje imvula kunye nokufuma okuphezulu kuqhubeka, eyona mpembelelo inkulu iya kuba kwabo baye isifuba okanye ukungezwani komzimba nezinambuzane ezikubumba nothuli, kunye neengxaki ezingaphezulu ezinxulumene nokufuma okugqithisileyo emakhayeni nakwiindawo zangaphakathi.
Xa imozulu izinza kwaye amaqondo obushushu enyuka, kulindeleke ukuba ukuvundiswa kwemithi kunye nezityalo ezitya imifuno kuyanda kakhuluOlu tshintsho lunokuba lubaluleke kakhulu: kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa, amanqanaba e-pollen anokunyuka ukusuka kwinqanaba eliphakathi ukuya kweliphezulu kakhulu, kunye nokwanda ngokukhawuleza kweempawu kubantu ababuthathaka.
Kwabo bane-aleji kwi-pollen, iingcali zigxininisa imfuneko yokuba lindela ukubuyela kwentwasahloboBacebisa ukuba kujongwe ngokusondeleyo amanqanaba e-pollen ngokusebenzisa amaqonga akhethekileyo, iimephu ezivela kwiinkampani zesayensi, okanye ukusetyenziswa kwemozulu, kunye nokubonisana nogqirha we-allergies ukuba iimpawu ziya zisiba mandundu.
Kwiphondo apho iimpawu ezibalulekileyo sele zibonwe, njengeSoria okanye iindawo ezithile ezikumzantsi, iingcali ze-allergy zicebisa abo banike amayeza. yiba nayo ekhaya uze uqale unyango ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba uqaphela iimpawu zokuqalangaphandle kokulinda ukuba iimpawu zibe nzima. Amayeza amaninzi, anjenge-antihistamines okanye ezinye ii-inhalers, adinga iintsuku ezininzi ukuze afikelele ekusebenzeni kwawo ngokupheleleyo kwaye awasebenzi ngokukhawuleza njengomthomalalisi wentlungu.
Ngokufanayo, kugxininiswa ukuba unyango lwangoku, olufana ii-antihistamine zesizukulwana sesibiniLa mayeza matsha aphucule kakhulu ukhuseleko lwawo kwaye ngokubanzi awasabangeli ukuthomalalisa okuphawulekayo okubonwa kumayeza esizukulwana sokuqala. Bathi eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukugcina indlela emiselweyo yonyango kwiinyanga ezininzi zokuxhatshazwa kakhulu, endaweni yokuthatha amayeza ngamaxesha athile kuphela.
Iingcebiso ezisebenzayo zokujongana nentwasahlobo enzima
Ngaphaya kweziyobisi, amanyathelo ulawulo lokusingqongileyo La manyathelo ahlala ebalulekile ekunciphiseni ubungakanani bepollen edibana neenwebu zomqala zokuphefumla. Enye yezona zisebenzayo kukuphepha, kangangoko kunokwenzeka, iigadi okanye amasimi avulekileyo ngeentsuku namaxesha apho ipollen iphezulu khona, ingakumbi kusasa nangokuhlwa.
Iingcali zicebisa gcina iifestile zivaliwe Xa inani le-pollen liphezulu, faka umoya endlwini yakho ngamaxesha ashushu emini, xa inani le-pollen yangaphandle lihlala liphantsi. Kukwaluncedo ukutshintsha impahla yakho xa ufika ekhaya emva kokuchitha ixesha ngaphandle, kwaye xa kunokwenzeka, hlamba ukuze ususe i-pollen eqokelelene eluswini nakwiinwele zakho.
Izinto zemihla ngemihla ezifana iiglasi zelanga kunye neemaski zobuso Bangaba ngabahlobo abalungileyo, njengoko besebenza njengomqobo wokuthintela impova engena emehlweni nakwindlela yokuphefumla. Izigulane ezininzi zifumanise kwiminyaka yakutshanje ukuba ukunxiba imaski ngaphandle, ukongeza ekukhuseleni kwiintsholongwane, kunceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu zokunganyamezelani, ingakumbi ngeentsuku ezinomoya.
Kumakhaya anomswakama ophezulu, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise izinto zokususa umswakama kwaye ziphephe iindawo ezingenamoya ungako Ukunciphisa ukwanda kwefungi kunye neencukuthu, ezenza iimpawu zesifuba zibe mandundu. Kule meko, kubalulekile ukulandela ngokungqongqo unyango lokuthintela oluchazwe yingcali kwaye uhlale unesixhobo sokuphefumla esifumaneka lula kwizigulana zesifuba.
Xa kukho ukwanda kobunzima bokuphefumla, ukuphefumla okuncinci, okanye ukuziva ufuthanisekile, iingcali zigxininisa ukubaluleka Nxibelelana nogqirha wakho okanye ingcali ye-aleji ngokukhawuleza ukulungisa unyango kunye nokuphepha iingxaki. Iipateni zemozulu kwiiveki ezizayo ziya kumisela iingozi: okokuqala ezinxulumene nokufuma, kwaye kamva ukunyuka okukhulu kwamanqanaba empova.
Njengoko ubusika bunemvula, umhlaba omanzi, kunye nexesha leentyatyambo eliqala kwangethuba kwaye lihlale ixesha elide, intwasahlobo ijika ibe lixesha elinzima kubantu abanengxaki yokunganyamezelani eSpain. Abo bathatha amanyathelo okuthintela, bajonge ulwazi nge-pollen, kwaye balandele ngokusondeleyo iingcebiso zonyango baya kukwazi ngcono ukujongana neenyanga ezimbalwa apho, ngokweengxelo zonke, I-pollen kunye ne-allergies zokuphefumla ziya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo.
