Los IiLithops, eyaziwa ngokuba yi amatye aphilayo, zizityalo ezinencindi eziye zafumana ukuthandwa phakathi kwabathandi bezityalo kunye nokulima. Lo mdla awubangelwanga kuphela kwinkangeleko yabo ekhethekileyo kunye nenomdla, evumela ukuba bazifihle ngamatye kwindawo yabo, kodwa kunye nokuchasana kwabo kunye nokulula kokunyamekela. Kweli nqaku, siza kujonga nzulu ukhathalelo lwe-Lithops, kubandakanya imbali yabo, iimpawu, kunye nendlela yokugcina ezi zityalo zisempilweni kwaye zonwabile.
Imbali kunye neMvelaphi yeLithops
ILithops yokuqala yafunyanwa yingcaphephe yezityalo UWilliam John Burchell ngowe-1811 ebudeni bohambo lwasemazantsi eAfrika. Ebudeni bohambo lwakhe, wafumana ilitye elimdaka ngenkangeleko engaqhelekanga elathi, akulihlolisisa ngokucokisekileyo, labonakala limnandi. Igama lohlobo, IiLithops, livela kumagama esiGrike Iithayile (ilitye) kunye i-opsis (inkalo). Ukufunyanwa kwayo kwaphawula isiqalo sophononongo olubangel’ umdla ngezi zityalo eziye zaqhelana nemekobume yazo eyinkqantosi neyintlango, ziyinxalenye yosapho lwe Kwiziko.
Bafumaneka kakhulu kumazwe afana noMzantsi Afrika kunye neNamibia, apho baye bavelisa iimpawu ezizodwa ezibanceda ukuba baphile kwiimeko ezinzima. Oku kuziqhelanisa kuquka ukukwazi kwabo ukugcina amanzi kumagqabi awo enyama kunye nokumila kwawo, nto leyo ebavumela ukuba badibane namatye asentlango.
Iimpawu zeLithops
I-Lithops zizityalo ezincinci, ngokuqhelekileyo azidluli 2-5 cm phezulu. Ubume bayo bubunjwe ngamagqabi amabini athambileyo adibana emazantsi, enze uhlobo oluthile lomngxuma apho intyatyambo namagqabi amatsha aphuma khona. Ukubonakala kwabo, okufana namatye akhula phakathi kwawo, kubanceda ukuzifihla kwaye sikuphephe ukutyiwa zizilwanyana ezitya utyani.
Umbala we-Lithops uyahluka ngokubanzi kwaye ubandakanya i-shades ye green, mnyama, grey, kwaye i-shades eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye nemfusa, kunye neepateni ezilinganisa iindawo ezinamatye. Oku kuguquguquka kombala kunye nokwakheka akukuniki mdla kuphela, kodwa kukwabalulekile ekuphileni kwazo kwindawo yazo yendalo.
Ukhathalelo olubalulekileyo lweLithops
Ukugcina i-Lithops isempilweni kufuna ingqalelo kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa ukukhanya, i ukunkcenkceshela, i isiseko kunye ukuchumisa. Apha ngezantsi, siza kuchaza yonke le miba.
Iluminación
I-Lithops kufuneka ifumane phakathi Iiyure ezi-4 ukuya kwezisi-5 zokukhanya kwelanga ngqo ngosuku, ngokukhethekileyo ekuseni okanye emva kwemini ukunqanda ukuchanabeka ekukhanyeni okukhulu kwemini. Ukuba zikhuliswe ngaphakathi, zifanele zibekwe kufutshane nefestile efumana ukukhanya okwaneleyo. Ukungabikho kokukhanya kunokubangela ukuba isityalo solule kwaye ilahlekelwe yimo yayo yophawu. Oku kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa impilo yakho kwaye inokuncediswa ulwazi malunga nokulinywa kweLithops.
Unkcenkceshelo
El ukunkcenkceshela Le yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kukhathalelo lweLithops. Ezi kufuneka zinkcenkceshelwe ngokulinganayo, ngokulandela umgaqo wokuba kufuneka zifumane amanzi kuphela xa i-substrate yomile ngokupheleleyo. Ngexesha lokulala, elidla ngokuba sebusika, banokuhamba ixesha elide ngaphandle kokunkcenkceshela, rhoqo ukuya kwiinyanga ezintandathu. Kubalulekile ukuba uyeke ukunkcenkceshela xa amagqabi amadala omile, njengoko enika izondlo kumagqabi amatsha akhulayo.
Ngexesha lokukhula kwayo, okwenzeka ekwindla nasentlakohlaza, ukunkcenkceshela kunokwahlulwa malunga neeveki ezintathu ukuya kwezine, kuhlengahlengiswa amaxesha amaninzi ngokweemeko zemozulu. Ukuba amagqabi aqala ukushwabana, luphawu lokuba afuna amanzi. Ukufumana iinkcukacha ezithe kratya ngokhathalelo, ungabonisana malunga izityalo ezimnandi ezifuna ukunkcenkceshela okufanayo.
Inkqutyana
I-Lithops ifuna a i-substrate egalelwe kakuhle, ngezinto ezincinci eziphilayo. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa umxube othile cacti okanye iisucculents. I-substrate efanelekileyo inokuqulatha phakathi kwe-70% kunye ne-100% yemathiriyeli yezimbiwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthuthwa kwamanzi okufanelekileyo. Ukutshintshwa, kuphela ikota yomzimba wesityalo kufuneka ingcwatywe kwi-substrate. Ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufunde malunga izityalo ezimnandi, abaneemfuno ezifanayo.
Ukuchumisa
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-Lithops ayifuni ukuchumisa kakhulu kuba kwindawo yazo yendalo ikhula kumhlaba ompofu. Ngexesha lokukhula okusebenzayo (entwasahlobo nasekwindla), banokufumana a isichumiso yecacti, kodwa ukuchumisa okugqithisileyo kufuneka kuphetshwe. Ithamo elilula lanele ukunqanda ukukhula okungaqhelekanga okunokusenzakalisa isityalo.
Umjikelo wobomi beLithops
I-Lithops idlula kumjikelo wobomi onomdla owahlulwe ngamanqanaba aliqela unyaka wonke:
- Ekwindla-eNtwasahlobo: Ngezi nyanga, iiLithops zingena kwixesha lazo lokukhula, apho zidubula khona kwaye ziqala ukuphuhlisa amagqabi amatsha. Iintyatyambo ngokuqhelekileyo zenzeka ekwindla, kwaye iintyatyambo zinokuba mhlophe okanye ziphuzi.
- Ihlobo: Ehlotyeni, i-Lithops ingena kwindawo yokulala, apho ifuna ukunkcenkceshela okuncinci kwaye igxininise ekugcineni amandla. Kubalulekile ukuba ungagqithisi amanzi ngeli xesha, njengoko oku kunokukhokelela ekuboleni.
- Ubusika: Ngexesha lasebusika, i-Lithops ingena kwixesha lokuphumla. Akufunekanga bankcenkceshelwe ngeli xesha; Amagqabi awo asenokubonakala ebunile, kodwa oku kuyinxalenye yomjikelo wendalo wesityalo.
Ubungakanani kunye neentlobo zeLithops
Kukho malunga Iindidi ezingama-35 nangaphezulu Iindidi ezi-145 yeLithops, nganye ineempawu zomzimba ezizodwa kunye nemibala. Eminye imizekelo edumileyo ibandakanya:
- L. verruculosa – Ngokubonakala kwayo rhabaxa, ixelisa amatye ommandla apho ikhula khona.
- L. salicola -Kunzima ukwahlula ngenxa yokufana kwayo namatye kwindawo eyingqongileyo.
- L. pseudotruncatella – Ngamagqabi amaninzi avulekileyo, kulula ukuwachonga. Ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nolu luhlu, unokubonisana IiLithops pseudotruncatella.
- L. ihuka -Ixatyiswe ngobuhle bayo kunye nokuxhathisa.
Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo xa ukhula i-Lithops
- Ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo: Esinye sezizathu eziqhelekileyo zokufa kwiLithops kukunkcenkceshela ngokungafanelekanga. Ukuba uqaphela amagqabi adumbileyo okanye isityalo siqala ukuqhekeka, luphawu lokuba amanzi amaninzi.
- Ukunqongophala kokukhanya: Ukuba i-Lithops iqala ukunyuka, luphawu lokuba abafumani ukukhanya okwaneleyo. Kubalulekile ukubanika ukukhanya kwelanga ngokuthe ngcembe ukuthintela ukutsha.
- Iimeko zobushushu ezingafanelekanga: I-Lithops ayinyamezeli ukushisa okubandayo, kwaye kufuneka ikhuselwe kwiqhwa okanye kwiimeko ezitshisa kakhulu, ezinokubangela umonakalo.
Iimbiza kunye nokutshintshwa
Ngenxa yobume beengcambu zeLithops, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe izimbiza ezinzulu, phakathi I-5 ukuya kwi-10 cm nzulu. Izimbiza zodongwe zifanelekile, njengoko zibonelela ngokufanelekileyo kwamanzi kunye ukujikeleza komoya. Kucetyiswa ukuba utshintshe yonke iminyaka emi-2, ngokukhethekileyo ekuqaleni kwexesha lokukhula kwayo.
Xa kuphinda kufakwe imbiza, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuthintela ukonakalisa iingcambu kwaye uvumele isityalo ukuba siqhelane nendawo yaso entsha phambi kokuba kuphinde kunkcenkceshelwe. Kukwaluncedo ukwazi izityalo ezinencindi ezinqabileyo ukwahlula ingqokelela yakho.
Izifo eziqhelekileyo kunye nezinambuzane
I-Lithops yomelele, kodwa inokuchatshazelwa ziingxaki ezinjengezi:
- Ukubola kwefungal: Le ngxaki idla ngokuvela ukuba iingcambu zimanzi kakhulu. Inokuthintelwa ngokuqinisekisa ukukhupha amanzi kakuhle kunye nokuphepha ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo.
- Mealybugs: I-Mealybugs inokuhlasela izityalo kwaye yenze umonakalo. Kubalulekile ukujonga amagqabi kunye ne-substrate rhoqo.
Izinambuzane ezitshabalalisayo, nangona zingaxhaphakanga kangako, zinokuba yingozi, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukugcina indawo ecocekileyo nengena umoya.
Iinzuzo zokukhula kweLithops
I-Lithops zizityalo zolondolozo oluphantsi olulungele ukuhlobisa iindawo zangaphakathi nangaphandle. Inkangeleko yabo ekhethekileyo ayigcini nje ukongeza i-aesthetic touch, kodwa ifanelekile kubantu abanexesha elincinane lokunyamekela izityalo. Ukongeza, ukukwazi kwabo ukusinda kwiimeko ezimbi kubenza babe lolona khetho lubalaseleyo kubaqalayo abafuna ukungena kwihlabathi le-succulents, efana imbiza izityalo zangaphandle.
Ngokulandela olu khathalelo kunye nokuqonda umjikelo wobomi bayo, unokuyonwabela ubuhle kunye nokungafani kweLithops iminyaka emininzi. Ukudibanisa ezi zityalo zinomdla kwikhaya lakho akugcini nje ukutyebisa indawo ebonakalayo kodwa kunika imvakalelo yokunxibelelana nendalo.