Ukhathalelo olubalulekileyo kunye nokulinywa kweengcali ze-Eriosyce cactus: isikhokelo esipheleleyo

Fumanisa i-Eriosyce: Icactus yaseChile yokuchasana okukhethekileyo kunye nobuhle obukhethekileyo

I-Eriosyce cactus bubutyebi bokwenyani kubaqokeleli kunye nabathandi bezityalo ezinencasa. Ndiyabulela kubuchule bayo bokuqhelana nemekobume egqithisileyo kunye nenkangeleko yayo eyomeleleyo, enameva anomtsalane kunye neentyatyambo ezimibalabala. Imvelaphi yaseChile, olu didi lubandakanya malunga neentlobo ezingama-35 ezaziwayo, ezisasazwe kuzo zonke iindawo eziyinkqantosi zasePeru naseArgentina, indawo nganye ineempawu ezikhethekileyo ezitsala umdla wabangabaziyo kunye neengcaphephe.

Iimpawu zeBotanical kunye ne-taxonomy ye-genus Eriosyce

Las I-Eriosyce bangabentsapho ICactaceae Ziyachuma ikakhulu kwiindawo zokuhlala eziyinkqantosi okanye eziselunxwemeni eziphantsi kwenkungu rhoqo. Ukuguquguquka kwabo kubangelwa ngamawaka eminyaka endaleko kwimozulu enzima, nto leyo ebanika ukuxhathisa okukhulu kwimbalela kunye neemeko ezimbi.

Iimpawu eziphambili:

• Igama lezesayensi: Eriosyce spp.
• Amanye amagama aqhelekileyo: I-kisco emnyama, i-kisco yasentla, i-Esmeraldano (kuxhomekeke kwiintlobo kunye nommandla)
• Shape: Iziqu ziyi-globose, i-columnar okanye i-cylindrical, idla ngokugqunywa ngamathambo ashinyeneyo, atsolo, anemibala ukusuka kumdaka omnyama ukuya kuluhlaza ongwevu.
• Ubungakanani bomntu omdala: Phakathi kwe-10 kunye ne-100 cm ubude, kuxhomekeke kwiintlobo kunye neemeko zokukhula.
• Ukukhula: Ukukhula okucothayo kakhulu, kubenza ukuba balungele iimbiza zokugcinwa kancinci kunye neegadi ezomileyo.
• Iintyatyambo: Iintyatyambo ezenziwe nge-funnel, ezincinci okanye eziphakathi, ezinemibala epinki, ebomvu, etyheli, e-orenji okanye emhlophe.
• I-Areolas kunye nemiqolo: Ii-areoles zidla ngokuba mhlophe kwaye zibe noboya; i-spines ingaba ngqo okanye igobile, kwaye iyahluka ukusuka kwi-5 ukuya kwi-14 nge-areole nganye ngokuxhomekeke kwiintlobo.
• Indawo yokuhlala: Iindawo eziselunxwemeni ezomileyo nezineentaba, ezixhasa inkungu kunye nomhlaba onombhobho ogqithisayo.

Iintlobo eziphambili ze-Eriosyce kunye nokungafani kwazo

• Eriosyce esmeraldana: Umzimba weglowubhu, oqatywe ngee-tubercles, kunye neentyatyambo ezipinki ezinuka kamnandi. Ixabiseke ngenxa yevumba elimnandi kunye neentyantyambo ezimangalisayo. Ukukwazi ukwenza isebe ukusuka kwisiseko.
• Eriosyce crispa: I-cylindrical ethile okanye ithe tyaba, inomphezulu omdaka-luhlaza kunye nemiqolo egobileyo. Ivelisa iintyatyambo ezipinki okanye ezimhlophe kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo zangaphakathi ezikhanyiswe kakuhle.
• Eriosyce senilis: Yaziwa ngokuba yi "Old Man Cactus," ibalasele ngenxa yoboya obumhlophe kunye neentyatyambo eziqaqambileyo ezityheli-orenji. Ilungele ukongeza umnxeba wokuqala kuyo nayiphi na ingqokelela.
• Eriosyce talensis: Ihlala kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni eziphantsi kwenkungu ethe gqolo, enezikhondo ezininzi ezigqunyiweyo.
• Okunye okuqaphelekayo: Eriosyce aurata, Eriosyce curvispina, Eriosyce paucicostata, Eriosyce napina.

Indawo yokuhlala kunye neemeko zendalo

IiEriosyce ziinzalelwane ikakhulu kwimimandla eyomileyo neselunxwemeni lwaseChile., ezibonakala ngomhlaba oneminerali, amaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo, kunye nokunqongophala kwemvula. Nangona kunjalo, indawo yazo ithandwa yinkungu ehlala enxwemeni, ebonelela ngokufuma kwaye inqanda ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.

• Ukuphakama: Bahlala kwiindawo ukusuka kwinqanaba lolwandle ukuya kwindawo ephakamileyo yeemitha ezili-1000 ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle.
• Amaqondo obushushu: Ziyakwazi ukumelana nobushushu obukhulu kunye nembalela ehlotyeni kunye namaqondo aphantsi ebusika, nje ukuba i-substrate ihlala yomile.
• Inkcazo ngelanga: Zifuna ukukhanya okukhulu; nangona ezinye iintlobo ezincinci okanye ezibuthathaka, ezifana ne-Eriosyce napina, zikhetha umthunzi ongephi ngexesha leeyure zokuphakama.
• Umoya: Ibalulekile kwindawo yayo yendalo kunye nasekulinyweni, ukuthintela ukubola, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezifumileyo okanye xa zigcinwe kwizindlu zokugcina izityalo.

Inkcazo ye-morphological kunye neentyatyambo

I-genus Eriosyce iphawuleka ngeziqu zayo ezixineneyo kwaye ezomeleleyo, ngokubanzi iglobose okanye i-cylindrical kancinane, kunye neimbambo ezicacileyo kunye ne-areoles ezigqunywe ngombala omhlophe, apho ukuqina, ngamanye amaxesha kugobile kuphuma i-spines. Ezi zikhuselo zendalo zikhusela isityalo ekukhanyeni kwelanga kunye namarhamncwa.

Iintyatyambo neziqhamo:

• Iqhakaza kakhulu entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni, kunye neentyantyambo ezimnandi ezinokuthi, kuxhomekeke kwiintlobo, zikwazi ukufihla isityalo.
• Imibala yeentyatyambo: Pinki, fuchsia, mhlophe, tyheli, obomvu, orenji, omhlophe okhrim.
• Iimilo: Iintyatyambo ezimile okwefaneli, zivuleke encotsheni yesikhondo.
• Iziqhamo: Ngokuqhelekileyo zomile kwaye zinembewu encinci, ilungele ukusasazwa.

Ukusetyenziswa kokuhombisa kunye nokusebenza kunye nexabiso leekholoji

I-Eriosyce ifanelekile Iimbiza, iigadi zamatye, iibhalkhoni ezinelanga kunye nengqokelela yecactus yangaphakathi, okoko nje okusingqongileyo kuqaqambile kwaye kungene umoya. Ukukhula okucothayo kukuvumela ukuba ukonwabele ubukho bayo amashumi eminyaka, kunye nokugcinwa okuncinci.

• Igqibelele: Izitiya ezomileyo, ii-xeriscaping, iiplanti zokuhombisa, iindawo zangaphakathi ezikhanyiswe kakuhle, kunye neengqokelela ezikhethekileyo.
• Isivuno phantsi kokunkcenkceshela okuphantsi: Ziinketho ezigqwesileyo zemimandla apho ukufumaneka kwamanzi kunqongophele, ukuhlala usempilweni ngaphandle kwesidingo sokunkcenkceshela rhoqo.
• Ixabiso lendalo: Ezinye iintlobo zinceda ekulondolozeni umhlaba owomileyo kunye nokukhusela i-microfauna yendawo.

• Ukukhanya: Bafuna ilanga elipheleleyo okanye, xa bengaphumeleli oko, umthunzi ocwebezelayo ophakathi. Ngokufanelekileyo, kufuneka babonelele ubuncinane iiyure ezintandathu zokukhanya okuthe ngqo ngosuku. Ngaphakathi, zibeke kufuphi nefestile ejonge emazantsi.
• Umhlaba: Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ama-substrates akhupha amanzi ngokukhawuleza okukhulu. Eyona substrate ifanelekileyo yicactus substrate yorhwebo ene ubuncinane 50-80% inxalenye yezimbiwa (isanti erhabaxa, igrabile, iperlite). Ukujikeleza ikhola yeengcambu ngegrabile okanye isanti erhabaxa kuthintela ukuvela kwefungus.
• Unkcenkceshelo: Ngokucotha kakhulu. Amanzi kuphela xa i-substrate yomile ngokupheleleyo. Ehlotyeni, zonke iintsuku ezili-10-15; entwasahlobo, rhoqo kwiiveki ezi-2-3; yeka ukunkcenkceshela ngokupheleleyo ebusika okanye unciphise kube kanye ngenyanga. Amanzi agqithisileyo lolona tshaba luphambili of Eriosyce kwaye kunokukhokelela ngokukhawuleza ukubola.
• Ubushushu: Inyamezela amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye nembalela egqithisileyo. Iyakwazi ukunyamezela iqabaka esezantsi ukuya kutsho kwi -5°C ukuba isubstrate yomile, kodwa ukuba sesichengeni ixesha elide kumaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kwe 4°C kungcono kuthintelwe.
• Ukuchumisa: Sebenzisa isichumisi se-cactus ehlanjululweyo kuphela entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni, kanye ngenyanga. Kuphephe ukuchumisa ngexesha lasebusika le-dormancy.
• Ukuprintwa: Azifuni ukuthenwa ngokucwangcisiweyo, susa nje ameva afileyo kunye neentyatyambo ezibunileyo ukunqanda umngcipheko wosulelo.
• Isondlo: Susa nayiphi na inkunkuma yamagqabi okanye ukhula kufutshane nesiqu ukuthintela ukufuma. Phinda kwakhona emva kweminyaka emibini ukuvuselela i-substrate kunye nokukhuthaza ukukhula.
• Umoya: Kubalulekile, ngakumbi kwii-greenhouses okanye ukuba zikhule ngaphakathi. Ziphephe iindawo ezivaliweyo, ezingenamoya kakuhle.

Ukhathalelo lweentlobo ezithile

I-Eriosyce esmeraldana

• Indawo: Ilanga eligcweleyo okanye ukukhanya okungaphantsi komthunzi, ngakumbi kwiisampulu ezincinci.
• Ubuncinci bobushushu: Ngama-4 ° C.
• Umhlaba: Icactus substrate ene-20% yesanti yesilica erhabaxa, okanye umxube wepeat nesanti kwiindawo ezilinganayo.
• Unkcenkceshelo: Incinci kunenye i-cacti: kuphela xa umhlaba womile ngokupheleleyo. Yeka ukutyala ebusika.
• Ukuchumisa: Ayifuni kuchunyiswa rhoqo.
• Usasazeko: Ngembewu entlakohlaza okanye ngokusikwa kwesikhondo ukuba isityalo sivelisa iisuckers.
• Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo: Ifungus ngenxa yokufuma okugqithisileyo.

I-Eriosyce crispa (Neoporteria crispa)

• Ukukhanya: Kukhanya kakhulu, kufakwe umthunzi ophakathi kwiindawo ezishushu kakhulu.
• Ubushushu: Ixhathisa iqabaka eyomileyo, kodwa kuyacetyiswa ukuba ingabi ngaphantsi kwe 5°C.
• Umhlaba: I-70% yesanti ye-silica erhabaxa kunye ne-30% ye-mulch yamagqabi. Hlaziya rhoqo kwiminyaka emi-2.
• Unkcenkceshelo: Ukunkcenkceshela okuphakathi entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni, kuphela xa umhlaba womile. Gcina zomile ukusuka ekwindla ukuya entwasahlobo.
• Ukuchumisa: Kanye entwasahlobo kunye nesichumisi samaminerali esityebileyo kwi-potassium.
• Iingxaki: Uvakalelo olugqithisileyo kukufuma okugqithisileyo.
• Usasazeko: Ngembewu kwisubstrate eshushu esanti, malunga ne-22°C.

Eriosyce taltalensis var. ifloccosa

• Umhlaba: Umxube we-70-80% yegrabile kunye ne-20-30% yomhlaba, ujikeleze intamo kunye nesanti erhabaxa.
• Unkcenkceshelo: Nkcenkceshela ehlotyeni ukugcina isityalo sihlangene, kodwa ungaze ube namanzi ngaphezulu. Ngexesha lasebusika, gcina isityalo somile.
• Umoya: Kubalulekile ukuthintela ukubola kwentamo.
• Umboniso: Ilanga eligcweleyo, kodwa linyamezela umthunzi okhanyayo ngexesha lamaza obushushu obunzulu.

Eriosyce senilis (iNdoda endala iCactus)

• Shape: I-Spherical, egqunywe ngamathambo amhlophe, anoboya.
• Iintyatyambo: Intwasahlobo-ehlotyeni, iintyatyambo eziorenji ezibukhali okanye ezityheli.
• Ukukhanya: Ifuna ukukhanya kwelanga ukuze ikhule ngokufanelekileyo.
• Unkcenkceshelo: Ukumodareyitha entwasahlobo-ehlobo, ukunciphisa ekwindla-ebusika.
• Umhlaba: I-substrate ekhutshwe kakuhle kakhulu, ikhethekileyo kwi-cacti.
• Usasazeko: Imbewu.
• Ukuprintwa: Ukucoca kuphela izithambiso.

Ukusasazwa kunye nokuzala

I-Eriosyce isasazwa ikakhulu ngembewu, nangona ezinye iintlobo zivumela ukusetyenziswa kwe-stem cuttings ukuba isityalo sikamama sivelisa iipups. Ukuhlwayela imbewu:

1. Khetha i-mineral substrate kakhulu kwaye ubefumile ngexesha lokuhlwayela.
2. Gcina iqondo lobushushu lingatshintshi (malunga ne-22 ° C).
3. Inika ukukhanya okulungileyo, kodwa ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga ngokuthe ngqo kwisigaba sokuqala.
4. Zakuba zintshulile, khupha umoya ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe unciphise ukufuma.

Ukukhula kuya kucotha, kodwa uya kubona izithole ngokukhawuleza ziphuhlisa iimpawu zazo zokuqala zespines.

Uninzi lwezinambuzane kunye nezifo eziqhelekileyo

• Ukubola kwengcambu kunye nentamo: Oku kubangelwa rhoqo ngamanzi angaphezulu okanye amanzi amdaka. Ngalo lonke ixesha ubeka phambili umhlaba oneminerali kunye nomoya ongene kakuhle.
• Amakhowa: Ngokukodwa xa umoya wokuphefumla uphantsi okanye imo engqongileyo ifume kakhulu.
• Mealybugs: Ngamanye amaxesha kwiindawo ezivaliweyo. Ziye zipheliswe ngeebrashi zotywala okanye izibulali-zinambuzane ezithile.
• Ukunqongophala kweentyatyambo: Ngokuqhelekileyo kungenxa yokungabikho kweeyure zemini, ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithiseleyo okanye izondlo ezingafanelekanga.

• Kulumkele utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwimekobumeUkuziqhelanisa kancinane nokuba sesichengeni selanga okanye ukomisa kwelanga kubalulekile ukunqanda ukutshiswa lilanga kunye noxinzelelo.
• Ilawula ukufuma kwe-ambientUkuba uhlala kwiindawo ezifume kakhulu, ukonyusa amanzi kunye nokongeza umlinganiselo ophezulu wesanti erhabaxa kunye negrabile ngundoqo.
• Ukutshintshela ngononophelo: Iingcambu zibuthathaka; ukutshintshwa xa isityalo sithe cwaka kwaye umhlaba womile ngokupheleleyo.
• Musa ukususa ameva omileyo ngokungeyomfuneko: Amaxesha amaninzi baqhubeka bekhusela izicubu eziphilayo kwaye bangonakalisi ubuhle.

Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo malunga nokukhathalela i-Eriosyce cactus

• Ngaba iEriosyce ingakhuliswa ngaphakathi? Ewe, ukuba nje ukukhanya okuninzi, ukungena komoya kunye namaxesha okuphumla okomileyo kuqinisekiswa.
• Kutheni isiqu sishwabana nje? Isenokuba ngumqondiso wokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni (okuqhelekileyo phakathi kokunkcenkceshela) okanye, ukungaphumeleli oko, iingcambu ezonakaliswe kukufuma okugqithisileyo.
• Ingaba iEriosyce yam iya kuqhakaza nini? Ngokuqhelekileyo zifuna iminyaka emininzi ukufikelela ekuvuthweni kweentyatyambo, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nokunyamekela.
• Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa kuvela amabala athambileyo? Yeka ukunkcenkceshela ngokukhawuleza, phucula umoya, kwaye ukhangele ukubola okanye ukuhlaselwa kwefungal.

I-Eriosyce ngumzekelo oncomekayo wokuziqhelanisa nokomelela kwihlabathi lezityalo. Ukukhula okucothayo, imfuno ephantsi yamanzi, kunye neentyantyambo ezimangalisayo zibenza babe zizityalo zokuhombisa ezikhethwa kuqala kwabo bathanda i-xeriscaping, iindawo zangaphakathi eziqaqambileyo, okanye abaqokeleli abafuna i-cactus enembali, ubuntu kunye nokuqina. Ukuthatha ixesha lokuqonda iimfuno ze-Eriosyce kunye nokulungelelanisa ukhathalelo ngokwendawo yayo kuya kukuvumela ukuba ukonwabele ubuhle bayo obukhethekileyo kunye nobunye iminyaka.

Inqaku elidibeneyo:

I-Dwarf potted cacti: isikhokelo esipheleleyo, imibono kunye nokhathalelo