Umahluko, ukhathalelo kunye nemizekelo yemithi evuthulukayo nehlala eluhlaza

Intshayelelo kwimithi evuthulukayo nehlala iluhlaza

ukuqonda i umahluko phakathi kwemithi evuthulukayo kunye nehlala eluhlaza Ibalulekile kuye nawuphi na umntu othanda igadi, umenzi-mhlaba, okanye umntu onomdla kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo. Ezi ndidi zezityalo azichazi nje inkangeleko yegadi unyaka wonke, kodwa zikwanxulumene izinto eziphilayo, ukuziqhelanisa nemozulu kunye neemfuno zokhathaleloKulo lonke eli nqaku libanzi, uya kufumana iimpendulo kuyo yonke imibuzo engundoqo malunga nemithi evuthulukayo kunye nehlala eluhlaza, kunye neengcaciso ezicacileyo, imizekelo, iimpawu, kunye neengcebiso zokukhula kunye nokuzisebenzisa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.

Iingcaciso: Yintoni imithi evuthulukayo nehlala iluhlaza?

Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwamaqela omabini uku ukuziphatha kwamagqabi awo unyaka wonke, nangona kukho ama-nuances amaninzi afanele ukuphononongwa.

• Imithi yamagqabi abuthathaka: Yiyo leyo Ziphulukana nawo onke amagqabi ngexesha elithile, ngokuqhelekileyo engqamana nokwindla, nangona kusenokwenzeka ngexesha lonyaka elomileyo kwiindawo eziyinkqantosi okanye ezitshisayo. Le nkqubo ibizwa ukukrazula kwaye ilawulwa yi-hormonal eyinkimbinkimbi kunye neempendulo zokusingqongileyo. Bachitha ubusika okanye ixesha elibi "ze" kwaye bahlume kwakhona ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
• Imithi ehlala iluhlaza: Bagcina amagqabi abo eluhlaza kwaye isebenza unyaka wonke. Amagqabi amadala awela ngendlela exananazileyo njengoko amagqabi amatsha ephuma, ngoko ke umthi awuze ube ze. Oku kubavumela ukuba ukuqhubeka nokwenza iphotosynthesis kunye neminye imisebenzi ebalulekileyo ngokuqhubekayo.

Iimpawu ze-morphological kunye ne-physiological

Umahluko phakathi kwezi ntlobo zimbini zemithi awupheleliselwanga kuphela kwimijikelo yamagqabi, kodwa ikwabandakanya uhlengahlengiso kwimopholoji (ukumila kunye nolwakhiwo) kunye nephysiology (ukusebenza) kwezityalo.

Las ezinqunqa ziqhelekile ibhityile kwaye ibanzi, ilungele ukubamba ukukhanya kwelanga kunye nokwenza iphotosynthesis enzulu entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni. Nangona kunjalo, le milo kunye nobukhulu bubenza babe sesichengeni ingqele, imbalela, umoya okanye ukufumba kwekhephu, ngoko umthi ukhetha ukuwachitha ngamaxesha anzima.

Las ihlala iluhlaza Babonisa izakhiwo ezithile eziziqhelanisayo: ziqhelekile incinci, ijiyile, iqatywe ngewax okanye ngeereyini kunye neemilo ezifana nenaliti (ezifana neenaliti zompayina). Olu hlengahlengiso ukunciphisa ilahleko yamanzi, khusela kwingqele, ukusasazeka kwemitha okanye ukuphuphuma komphunga kunye nokwandisa ubomi obuluncedo bephepha ngalinye.

Indlela yokuwa kwamagqabi: inkqubo yokukrazula

Ilahleko yamagqabi kwimithi evuthuluka a isenzeko sebhayoloji elawulwayo kwaye kubalulekile kubomi beentlobo. Inkqubo iqala xa iintsuku ziba mfutshane kwaye amaqondo obushushu ehla. Le meko ibangela ukuba umthi unciphise imveliso ye-auxins (ihomoni zezityalo) kunye nokwandisa i-ethylene, iququzelele uphuhliso lwezityalo. umaleko abscission phakathi kweqabunga lepetiole kunye nesebe.

Ngethuba le nkqubo, umthi iphinda ifunxe izondlo emagqabini (ingakumbi i-nitrogen kunye ne-phosphorus) kwaye ibolile i-chlorophyll, iveza imibala ephuzi, e-orenji, okanye ebomvu ngenxa ye-carotenoids kunye ne-anthocyanins. Ekugqibeleni, igqabi liyawa, lishiya umaleko okhuselayo kwisebe othintela izifo.

Uncedo lwendalo kunye nokungalunganga kwesicwangciso ngasinye

Inyaniso yokuba i-deciduous okanye i-evergreen yi- isicwangciso sokuziqhelanisa kokusingqongileyo. Inketho nganye ineenzuzo zayo kunye nokungonakali, okuchaza ukusabalalisa kwayo emhlabeni jikelele kunye nokuziphendukela kwayo kwiimozulu ezahlukeneyo.

• Izinto eziluncedo kwimithi evuthulukayo:
  • Bamelana bhetele nobusika obubandayo okanye namaxesha embalela, ngokuthintela ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunye nomonakalo weseli kwiqhwa.
  • Vumela utshintsho lwexesha lonyaka kumhlaba ezineentyantyambo ezimangalisayo kunye nokwindla olumibalabala.
  • Ukunciphisa izinambuzane (amagqabi awonakeleyo awela kwaye umjikelo wezinambuzane ezinxulumene nazo uphazamisekile).
• Ububi bemithi evuthulukayo:
  • Zihlala ze ebusika, okunciphisa isibheno esibonakalayo kunye nokukhuselwa / umthunzi.
  • Kufuneka batyale amandla ekuhlaziyeni onke amagqabi abo ngonyaka.
  • Zifuna imihlaba echumileyo ukuze ikwazi ukukhula ngokukhawuleza ngamaxesha alungileyo onyaka.
• Izinto eziluncedo kwimithi eluhlaza:
  • Luhlaza kunye nomthunzi unyaka wonke: Babonelela ngokhuseleko, ukhuselo kunye nesibheno esibonakalayo esiqhubekayo.
  • Ukuqhubeka kwi-photosynthesis, eguqulela ekukhuleni okucothayo kodwa okuzinzileyo kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla okuqhubekayo.
  • Ukumelana okukhulu nomoya nembalela enkosi kumagqabi ayo alungelelanisiweyo.
• Ububi bemithi ehlala iluhlaza:
  • Inkcitho enkulu yamandla ukugcina amagqabi esebenza unyaka wonke.
  • Basenokuba bancinci ngokumalunga notshintsho lwexesha (iintyatyambo, imibala, njl.).
  • Ngaphantsi kweemeko ezinzima, amaqabunga angonakaliswa ngokubanda okanye ukuqokelela kwekhephu ukuba ukulungelelaniswa akwanele.

Ukusasazwa kwejografi kunye nokuziqhelanisa nemozulu

Imozulu yile eyona nto imisela ukuba yeyiphi imithi evuthulukayo kwaye yeyiphi ehlala iluhlazaKwiindawo ezinobusika obupholileyo kunye neemvula zonyaka wonke, uhlaza oluhlala luluhlaza luxhaphakile. Imizekelo ecacileyo ngamahlathi eMeditera nakweleenjiko. Ngokuchasene noko, kwimimandla enobusika obubandayo okanye amaxesha onyaka owomileyo, imithi evuthulukayo yeyona ixhaphakileyo, njengoko kunjalo kumahlathi apholileyo aseYurophu, eAsia, nakuMntla Merika.

Kukho neentlobo i-marcescent okanye i-semi-deciduous, ezidibanisa zombini ukuziphatha: zilahlekelwa yinxalenye yamagqabi abo okanye zigcinwe ngaphandle kwe-photosynthesis, kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zokusingqongileyo.

Imizekelo yemithi evuthulukayo nehlala iluhlaza

Ukubonisa umahluko phakathi kwala maqela mabini, ezi zezinye zezona ntlobo zimelayo kwigadi, amahlathi, kunye neendawo zasedolophini:

• Imithi yamagqabi abuthathaka:
  • Um-oki (UQuercus robur, UQuercus petraea)
  • Imephu yaseJapan (Acer palmatum)
  • Itsheri (IPrunus avium)
  • Elm (Ulmus omncinci)
  • Ginkgo biloba
  • Ibhanana enomthunzi (IPlatanus hispanica)
  • Ingqolowa yamahashe (I-Aesculus hippocastanum)
  • Ibhanana lobuxoki (I-Acer pseudoplatanus)
  • Umthi womkhiwane (UFicus carica)
  • Umthi wekorale waseMzantsi Afrika (Erythrina caffra)
  • I-Acacia yaseConstantinople (IAlbizia julibrissin)
• Imithi ehlala iluhlaza:
  • Umthi wepayini (IPinus pinea, UPinus nigra)
  • Umsedare (I-Cupressus lusitanica)
  • IAlgarrobo (ICeratonia siliqua)
  • Ibhokisi yomthi (I-Sexus sempervirens)
  • Igama lokuqala Laurel lithetha ntoni?laurus nobilis)
  • IMagnolia grandiflora
  • Umnga oluhlaza (I-Acacia saligna)
  • IsiMandarin (I-reticulata yecitrus)

Imithi enamagqabi avuthulukileyo okanye enqabileyo: umhlaba ophakathi

Phakathi kweendawo ezivuthuluka ezivuthulukayo nezihlala ziluhlaza, kukho imithi i-semi-deciduous okanye i-marcescent. Ezi ntlobo Ziphulukana nenxalenye nje yamagqabi azo ngexesha lexesha elingathandekiyo, okanye zigcina amagqabi afileyo ngexesha lasebusika kude kube yintlakohlaza. Ukuziphatha ngokuthe ngqo kunokuxhomekeka kwiintlobo kunye neemeko zemozulu kwindawo nganye.

• Acer sempervirens: Ingaziphatha njenge-perennial okanye i-semi-deciduous kuxhomekeka kwimozulu.
• Brachychiton populneus (umthi webhotile): Idla ngokuphulukana namanye amagqabi ebusika.
• I-Delonix regia (i-flamboyant): Iziphatha njengomthi ovuthulukileyo kwimozulu eyomileyo kwaye njengesityalo esihlala siluhlaza kwimozulu efumileyo yetropikhi.

Le mithi yindlela enomdla kwiigadi kwiindawo ezinamaxesha angaphawulwanga kangako okanye ubusika obupholileyo.

Ukusetyenziswa kwegadi kunye nokulungisa umhlaba

Ukhetho phakathi kwemithi evuthulukayo kunye nehlala eluhlaza ixhomekeke kumsebenzi ofunekayo kuyilo lwendawo eluhlaza, i-microclimate, kunye nokukhethwa kobuhle:

• imithi eluhlaza zilungele zona ukudala izithintelo ezibonakalayo, izithinteli zomoya kunye nokubonelela ngomthunzi osisigxinaZisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiiheji, ulungelelwaniso lwedolophu kunye nemvelaphi yezityalo rhoqo.
• imithi evuthulukayo zigqibelele sebenzisa ilanga ebusika kwaye ufumane umthunzi ehlotyeniUkuwa kwayo kwamagqabi kuvumela ukukhanya kunye nobushushu ukuba bungene ngexesha leenyanga ezibandayo, ezinokuba luncedo kufutshane nezindlu.

Ukusetyenziswa okuhlangeneyo kweentlobo zombini kunika ibhalansi ebonakalayo, ukuhlukahluka kwexesha kunye nokusebenza.

Ukhathalelo olusisiseko ngokohlobo lomthi

Ukukhathalela imithi evuthulukayo

• Unkcenkceshelo: Kubalulekile ukulungisa ukunkcenkceshela kwixesha lonyaka. Ngexesha le ixesha lezityalo (intwasahlobo-ehlotyeni) Zifuna amanzi aqhelekileyo, kodwa xa sele ziphulukene namagqabi, imfuno yamanzi iyancipha kakhuluEkwindla nasebusika, ukunkcenkceshela kunokuba manqaphanqapha.
• Ukuprintwa: Yenziwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa latency, kanye njengokuba umthi uvuthuluka amagqabi. Oku kuvumela umbono ongcono wesakhiwo kunye nokususwa kwamasebe afileyo, awela, okanye anesifo.
• Ukukhuselwa kwingqele: Nangona ngokuqhelekileyo ziwanyamezela kakuhle amaqondo obushushu aphantsi, umaleko we-mulch ukhusela iingcambu kwiqabaka.
• Ukuchumisa: Ngokufanelekileyo, yongeza i-organic fertilizer ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ukukhuthaza ukuhluma kunye nokuphuhliswa kwamagqabi, iintyatyambo kunye neziqhamo.

Ukunyamekela imithi eluhlaza

• Unkcenkceshelo: Njengoko begcina amagqabi abo esebenza unyaka wonke, bayayidinga ukunkcenkceshela ngawo onke amaxesha onyaka, nangona ngamanani amancinci ngexesha lokubanda.
• Ukuprintwa: Kucetyiswa ukuba wenze izihlahla zokukhanya ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ukususa amaqabunga omileyo okanye amasebe kunye nokukhuthaza ukukhula okunamandla.
• Ukhuseleko lwasebusika: Ezinye iiperennials ezibandayo ezibandayo zifuna ukhuseleko olongezelelweyo ngexesha lasebusika (umzekelo, ukugubungela ngendwangu yeqabaka).
• Ukuchumisa: Ukuchumisa okulinganayo entwasahlobo kunceda ukugcina impilo yamagqabi kunye nombala.

Iingqwalasela zendalo kunye nokusebenza

Ukongezelela kumsebenzi wayo wokuhombisa, imithi evuthulukayo nehlala iluhlaza iyasebenza iindima eziphambili kwi-ikholoji:

• Imithi evuthulukayo Banikezela ngenkunkuma yamagqabi eguqulwa ibe yi-humus, ityebisa umhlaba kwaye ikhuthaze ukuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo ze-microorganisms, izinambuzane kunye nomngundo.
• Evergreens igalelo kwi ukuzinziswa kwe-microclimate, ukunciphisa uthuli kunye nongcoliseko, ukubonelela ngomthunzi kunye nokukhusela umoya unyaka wonke.
• Zombini iintlobo zemithi Babonelela ngekhusi kunye nokutya okwahlukeneyo kweentaka, izilwanyana ezanyisayo kunye nezinambuzane, ezibumba iindawo ezisisiseko zokuhlala kwezilwanyana zasekuhlaleni.

Kwiindawo zasezidolophini, imithi ehlala iluhlaza isoloko ikhethwa iindlela zoluntu ngenxa yokuchitheka kwamagqabi asezantsi, ngelixa imithi evuthulukayo ikhethelwa yona iintyatyambo ezintle kunye nokutshintsha kwamagqabi.

Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo xa ukhetha phakathi kwe-deciduous kunye ne-evergreen

• Ungayihoyi imozulu yendawo: Ukutyala izityalo ezivuthulukayo kwiindawo ezifumileyo zetropikhi okanye iintlobo ezihlala ziluhlaza ezisuka kwimozulu eshushu kwimimandla ebandayo ukunciphisa uphuhliso kunye nokuphila kwabo.
• Ayithatheli ngqalelo isayizi yokugqibela: Ezinye iiperennials, ezifana neconifers ezithile, zinokuba zikhulu kakhulu kwigadi ezincinci.
• Ukucinga kuphela malunga nobuhle bomzuzwana: Igadi ecetywe kakuhle kufuneka ibonelele isibheno esibonakalayo kuwo onke amaxesha onyaka, ukudibanisa zombini iintlobo zemithi kunye nezityalo.

Kuhlala kucetyiswa ukukhangela ulwazi oluthile lweentlobo phambi kokutyala, kunye nokujonga imithi echumayo kwindawo yendawo.

Impembelelo kuyilo nokugcinwa kwegadi

Xa uyila indawo eluhlaza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ucwangcise i ibhalansi phakathi kwemithi evuthulukayo kunye nehlala eluhlaza ukuthatha inzuzo kwiinzuzo zabo ezidibeneyo:

• Imithi evuthulukayo yomthunzi wamaxesha onyaka: Kwiindawo ezinobushushu obugqithiseleyo ehlotyeni, le mithi inika umthunzi ebudeni beenyanga ezishushu yaye ivumela ukukhanya kwelanga kudlule ebusika, de incede ekuphuculeni ukonga kwamandla kwizakhiwo ezikufutshane.
• I-Evergreens yobumfihlo kunye nokhuseleko rhoqo: Ilungele ukwenza iiheji, ii-windbreaks kunye nokugcina ubumfihlo unyaka wonke.
• Umdibaniso womdla obonakalayo: Eminye imithi egqamayo ngenxa yeentyantyambo zayo zasentwasahlobo, umbala wasekwindla, okanye i-silhouette yasebusika kwimeko yemithi evuthulukayo, enohlaza oluhlala luhlala luhlala.

Abanye abaqulunqi bacebisa ukubandakanya ubuncinci isinye kwisithathu semithi evuthulukayo nesinye kwisithathu semithi ehlala iluhlaza, ukushiya okuseleyo kwizihlahla, izigqubuthelo zomhlaba kunye nezityalo ze-herbaceous ukufezekisa indawo elinganayo kuyo nayiphi na ixesha.

Indlela amagqabi anefuthe ngayo kumjikelo wobomi bemithi

Las amagqabi ngamalungu abalulekileyo yephotosynthesis, ukuphefumla, kunye nokutshintshiselana ngegesi. Kwimithi evuthulukayo, igqabi lenzelwe ukukhulisa ukukhanya kwaye likhule ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lonyaka elilungileyo. Kwi-evergreens, iqhinga ku ukonga ixesha elide kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, ukumelana neemeko ezimbi kunye namagqabi aqhubekayo.

Umjikelo wobomi bomthi ngamnye unxulunyaniswa ngokusondeleyo nomjikelo wamagqabi awo, nto leyo echaza isingqi sawo sokukhula, ukudubula nokuqhama.

Ukubaluleka kwenkcubeko nokusingqongileyo

Imithi evuthulukayo kunye nehlala eluhlaza ayibalulekanga ngokwendalo kuphela, kodwa ikwabalulekile inkcubeko, imiqondiso kunye nembonakalo-mhlabaUtshintsho lwexesha lonyaka oluphawulwa kukuwa nokuntshula kwamagqabi luyakhuthaza iminyhadala, amasiko kunye nemijikelo yezolimo kwiinkcubeko ezininzi. I-Perennials, inxalenye yabo, isebenze njenge uphawu lobomi obungunaphakade kwaye zisetyenziselwa ukuhombisa kunye nezithethe unyaka wonke.

Zombini ezi ntlobo ziyimfuneko kwi ibhalansi ye-ikhosistim, ulawulo lwemozulu, umgangatho womoya kunye nokukhuselwa kwezinto eziphilayo.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo malunga neMithi enamagqabi kunye neEvergreen

• Ngaba yonke imithi yolunye lwezi ndidi zimbini?
  Akunjalo. Kukho iimeko eziphakathi, njengemithi yemarcescent, imithi evuthulukileyo, okanye iindidi ezinokuziphatha okunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimozulu. Ukuze ufunde ngakumbi ngezi meko, ungandwendwela icandelo lethu imithi yaseJapan.
• Ngaba banokutshintsha uhlobo ngenxa yemozulu?
  Ezinye iintlobo ziziphatha njengezityalo ezihlala ixesha elide kwimozulu efudumeleyo, efumileyo nanjengemithi evuthulukayo kwiindawo ezinobusika obukhulu okanye imbalela. Ukuziqhelanisa neemeko zemozulu kunokuphembelela indlela abaziphatha ngayo, kodwa kusoloko kuluhlu lwabo oluphambili.
• Ziziphi iintlobo zokukhetha igadi encinci?
  Kwizithuba ezincinci, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhethe iintlobo ezinqabileyo zobukhulu obuphakathi okanye imithi ehlala eluhlaza exineneyo (ezifana neboxwood okanye isitrasi esincinci).
• Yeyiphi imithi evelisa ezona ntyatyambo zibalaseleyo?
  Imithi emininzi enamagqabi avuthulukayo iyaziwa ngokuqhakaza kwayo okumangalisayo emva kokuphuka kwamathupha (icherry, ijacaranda, ialmondi, imephu yaseJapan). Ngeminye imizekelo, bona icandelo lethu imithi yeentyatyambo.

Iingcebiso ezisebenzayo zokunyamekela kunye nokukhetha

Ukukhetha ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokunyamekela imithi kwigadi yakho, khumbula:

• Imozulu yendawo kunye namaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo apho baya kuboniswa khona.
• Ubungakanani bokugqibela kunye nendawo ekhoyo.
• Ukukhanya okuthe ngqo kunye neemfuno zokunkcenkceshela zohlobo ngalunye.
• Injongo yokujonga umhlaba, nokuba ufuna umthunzi, ubumfihlo, okanye umdla wonyaka.

Ukubonisana neengcali kunye nokujonga iintlobo ezikhulayo kwindawo yakho kuya kwenza ukuba kube nempumelelo kunye nokhetho oluhlala luhleli.

Impembelelo kuyilo nokugcinwa kwegadi

Xa uyila indawo eluhlaza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ucwangcise i ibhalansi phakathi kwemithi evuthulukayo kunye nehlala eluhlaza ukuthatha inzuzo kwiinzuzo zabo ezidibeneyo:

• Imithi evuthulukayo yomthunzi wamaxesha onyaka: Kwiindawo ezinobushushu obugqithiseleyo ehlotyeni, le mithi inika umthunzi ebudeni beenyanga ezishushu yaye ivumela ukukhanya kwelanga kudlule ebusika, de incede ekuphuculeni ukonga kwamandla kwizakhiwo ezikufutshane.
• I-Evergreens yobumfihlo kunye nokhuseleko rhoqo: Ilungele ukwenza iiheji, ii-windbreaks kunye nokugcina ubumfihlo unyaka wonke.
• Umdibaniso womdla obonakalayo: Eminye imithi egqamayo ngenxa yeentyantyambo zayo zasentwasahlobo, umbala wasekwindla, okanye i-silhouette yasebusika kwimeko yemithi evuthulukayo, enohlaza oluhlala luhlala luhlala.

Abanye abaqulunqi bacebisa ukubandakanya ubuncinci isinye kwisithathu semithi evuthulukayo nesinye kwisithathu semithi ehlala iluhlaza, ukushiya okuseleyo kwizihlahla, izigqubuthelo zomhlaba kunye nezityalo ze-herbaceous ukufezekisa indawo elinganayo kuyo nayiphi na ixesha.

Indlela amagqabi anefuthe ngayo kumjikelo wobomi bemithi

Las amagqabi ngamalungu abalulekileyo yephotosynthesis, ukuphefumla, kunye nokutshintshiselana ngegesi. Kwimithi evuthulukayo, igqabi lenzelwe ukukhulisa ukukhanya kwaye likhule ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lonyaka elilungileyo. Kwi-evergreens, iqhinga ku ukonga ixesha elide kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, ukumelana neemeko ezimbi kunye namagqabi aqhubekayo.

Umjikelo wobomi bomthi ngamnye unxulunyaniswa ngokusondeleyo nomjikelo wamagqabi awo, nto leyo echaza isingqi sawo sokukhula, ukudubula nokuqhama.

Ukubaluleka kwenkcubeko nokusingqongileyo

Imithi evuthulukayo kunye nehlala eluhlaza ayibalulekanga ngokwendalo kuphela, kodwa ikwabalulekile inkcubeko, imiqondiso kunye nembonakalo-mhlabaUtshintsho lwexesha lonyaka oluphawulwa kukuwa nokuntshula kwamagqabi luyakhuthaza iminyhadala, amasiko kunye nemijikelo yezolimo kwiinkcubeko ezininzi. I-Perennials, inxalenye yabo, isebenze njenge uphawu lobomi obungunaphakade kwaye zisetyenziselwa ukuhombisa kunye nezithethe unyaka wonke.

Zombini ezi ntlobo ziyimfuneko kwi ibhalansi ye-ikhosistim, ulawulo lwemozulu, umgangatho womoya kunye nokukhuselwa kwezinto eziphilayo.

Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo xa ukhetha phakathi kwe-deciduous kunye ne-evergreen

• Ungayihoyi imozulu yendawo: Ukutyala izityalo ezivuthulukayo kwiindawo ezifumileyo zetropikhi okanye iintlobo ezihlala ziluhlaza ezisuka kwimozulu eshushu kwimimandla ebandayo ukunciphisa uphuhliso kunye nokuphila kwabo.
• Ayithatheli ngqalelo isayizi yokugqibela: Ezinye iiperennials, ezifana neconifers ezithile, zinokuba zikhulu kakhulu kwigadi ezincinci.
• Ukucinga kuphela malunga nobuhle bomzuzwana: Igadi ecetywe kakuhle kufuneka ibonelele isibheno esibonakalayo kuwo onke amaxesha onyaka, ukudibanisa zombini iintlobo zemithi kunye nezityalo.

Kuhlala kucetyiswa ukukhangela ulwazi oluthile lweentlobo phambi kokutyala, kunye nokujonga imithi echumayo kwindawo yendawo.

Impembelelo kuyilo nokugcinwa kwegadi

Xa uyila indawo eluhlaza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ucwangcise i ibhalansi phakathi kwemithi evuthulukayo kunye nehlala eluhlaza ukuthatha inzuzo kwiinzuzo zabo ezidibeneyo:

• Imithi evuthulukayo yomthunzi wamaxesha onyaka: Kwiindawo ezinobushushu obugqithiseleyo ehlotyeni, le mithi inika umthunzi ebudeni beenyanga ezishushu yaye ivumela ukukhanya kwelanga kudlule ebusika, de incede ekuphuculeni ukonga kwamandla kwizakhiwo ezikufutshane.
• I-Evergreens yobumfihlo kunye nokhuseleko rhoqo: Ilungele ukwenza iiheji, ii-windbreaks kunye nokugcina ubumfihlo unyaka wonke.
• Umdibaniso womdla obonakalayo: Eminye imithi egqamayo ngenxa yeentyantyambo zayo zasentwasahlobo, umbala wasekwindla, okanye i-silhouette yasebusika kwimeko yemithi evuthulukayo, enohlaza oluhlala luhlala luhlala.

Abanye abaqulunqi bacebisa ukubandakanya ubuncinci isinye kwisithathu semithi evuthulukayo nesinye kwisithathu semithi ehlala iluhlaza, ukushiya okuseleyo kwizihlahla, izigqubuthelo zomhlaba kunye nezityalo ze-herbaceous ukufezekisa indawo elinganayo kuyo nayiphi na ixesha.

Indlela amagqabi anefuthe ngayo kumjikelo wobomi bemithi

Las amagqabi ngamalungu abalulekileyo yephotosynthesis, ukuphefumla, kunye nokutshintshiselana ngegesi. Kwimithi evuthulukayo, igqabi lenzelwe ukukhulisa ukukhanya kwaye likhule ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lonyaka elilungileyo. Kwi-evergreens, iqhinga ku ukonga ixesha elide kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, ukumelana neemeko ezimbi kunye namagqabi aqhubekayo.

Umjikelo wobomi bomthi ngamnye unxulunyaniswa ngokusondeleyo nomjikelo wamagqabi awo, nto leyo echaza isingqi sawo sokukhula, ukudubula nokuqhama.

Ukubaluleka kwenkcubeko nokusingqongileyo

Imithi evuthulukayo kunye nehlala eluhlaza ayibalulekanga ngokwendalo kuphela, kodwa ikwabalulekile inkcubeko, imiqondiso kunye nembonakalo-mhlabaUtshintsho lwexesha lonyaka oluphawulwa kukuwa nokuntshula kwamagqabi luyakhuthaza iminyhadala, amasiko kunye nemijikelo yezolimo kwiinkcubeko ezininzi. I-Perennials, inxalenye yabo, isebenze njenge uphawu lobomi obungunaphakade kwaye zisetyenziselwa ukuhombisa kunye nezithethe unyaka wonke.

Zombini ezi ntlobo ziyimfuneko kwi ibhalansi ye-ikhosistim, ulawulo lwemozulu, umgangatho womoya kunye nokukhuselwa kwezinto eziphilayo.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo malunga neMithi enamagqabi kunye neEvergreen

• Ngaba yonke imithi yolunye lwezi ndidi zimbini?
  Akunjalo. Kukho iimeko eziphakathi, njengemithi yemarcescent, imithi evuthulukileyo, okanye iindidi ezinokuziphatha okunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimozulu. Ukuze ufunde ngakumbi ngezi meko, ungandwendwela icandelo lethu imithi yaseJapan.
• Ngaba banokutshintsha indlela abaziphatha ngayo ngenxa yemozulu?
  Ezinye iintlobo ziziphatha njengezityalo ezihlala ixesha elide kwimozulu efudumeleyo, efumileyo nanjengemithi evuthulukayo kwiindawo ezinobusika obukhulu okanye imbalela. Ukuziqhelanisa neemeko zemozulu kunokuphembelela indlela abaziphatha ngayo, kodwa kusoloko kuluhlu lwabo oluphambili.
• Ziziphi iintlobo zokukhetha igadi encinci?
  Kwizithuba ezincinci, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhethe iintlobo ezinqabileyo zobukhulu obuphakathi okanye imithi ehlala eluhlaza exineneyo (ezifana neboxwood okanye isitrasi esincinci).
• Yeyiphi imithi evelisa ezona ntyatyambo zibalaseleyo?
  Imithi emininzi enamagqabi avuthulukayo iyaziwa ngokuqhakaza kwayo okumangalisayo emva kokuphuka kwamathupha (icherry, ijacaranda, ialmondi, imephu yaseJapan). Ngeminye imizekelo, bona icandelo lethu imithi yeentyatyambo.

Iingcebiso ezisebenzayo zokunyamekela kunye nokukhetha

Ukukhetha ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokunyamekela imithi kwigadi yakho, khumbula:

• Imozulu yendawo kunye namaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo apho baya kuboniswa khona.
• Ubungakanani bokugqibela kunye nendawo ekhoyo.
• Ukukhanya okuthe ngqo kunye neemfuno zokunkcenkceshela zohlobo ngalunye.
• Injongo yokujonga umhlaba, nokuba ufuna umthunzi, ubumfihlo, okanye umdla wonyaka.

Ukubonisana neengcali kunye nokujonga iintlobo ezikhulayo kwindawo yakho kuya kwenza ukuba kube nempumelelo kunye nokhetho oluhlala luhleli.

Impembelelo kuyilo nokugcinwa kwegadi

Xa uyila indawo eluhlaza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ucwangcise i ibhalansi phakathi kwemithi evuthulukayo kunye nehlala eluhlaza ukuthatha inzuzo kwiinzuzo zabo ezidibeneyo:

• Imithi evuthulukayo yomthunzi wamaxesha onyaka: Kwiindawo ezinobushushu obugqithiseleyo ehlotyeni, le mithi inika umthunzi ebudeni beenyanga ezishushu yaye ivumela ukukhanya kwelanga kudlule ebusika, de incede ekuphuculeni ukonga kwamandla kwizakhiwo ezikufutshane.
• I-Evergreens yobumfihlo kunye nokhuseleko rhoqo: Ilungele ukwenza iiheji, ii-windbreaks kunye nokugcina ubumfihlo unyaka wonke.
• Umdibaniso womdla obonakalayo: Eminye imithi egqamayo ngenxa yeentyantyambo zayo zasentwasahlobo, umbala wasekwindla, okanye i-silhouette yasebusika kwimeko yemithi evuthulukayo, enohlaza oluhlala luhlala luhlala.

Abanye abaqulunqi bacebisa ukubandakanya ubuncinci isinye kwisithathu semithi evuthulukayo nesinye kwisithathu semithi ehlala iluhlaza, ukushiya okuseleyo kwizihlahla, izigqubuthelo zomhlaba kunye nezityalo ze-herbaceous ukufezekisa indawo elinganayo kuyo nayiphi na ixesha.

Indlela amagqabi anefuthe ngayo kumjikelo wobomi bemithi

Las amagqabi ngamalungu abalulekileyo yephotosynthesis, ukuphefumla, kunye nokutshintshiselana ngegesi. Kwimithi evuthulukayo, igqabi lenzelwe ukukhulisa ukukhanya kwaye likhule ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lonyaka elilungileyo. Kwi-evergreens, iqhinga ku ukonga ixesha elide kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, ukumelana neemeko ezimbi kunye namagqabi aqhubekayo.

Umjikelo wobomi bomthi ngamnye unxulunyaniswa ngokusondeleyo nomjikelo wamagqabi awo, nto leyo echaza isingqi sawo sokukhula, ukudubula nokuqhama.

Ukubaluleka kwenkcubeko nokusingqongileyo

Imithi evuthulukayo kunye nehlala eluhlaza ayibalulekanga ngokwendalo kuphela, kodwa ikwabalulekile inkcubeko, imiqondiso kunye nembonakalo-mhlabaUtshintsho lwexesha lonyaka oluphawulwa kukuwa nokuntshula kwamagqabi luyakhuthaza iminyhadala, amasiko kunye nemijikelo yezolimo kwiinkcubeko ezininzi. I-Perennials, inxalenye yabo, isebenze njenge uphawu lobomi obungunaphakade kwaye zisetyenziselwa ukuhombisa kunye nezithethe unyaka wonke.

Zombini ezi ntlobo ziyimfuneko kwi ibhalansi ye-ikhosistim, ulawulo lwemozulu, umgangatho womoya kunye nokukhuselwa kwezinto eziphilayo.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo malunga neMithi enamagqabi kunye neEvergreen

• Ngaba yonke imithi yolunye lwezi ndidi zimbini?
  Akunjalo. Kukho iimeko eziphakathi, njengemithi yemarcescent, imithi evuthulukileyo, okanye iindidi ezinokuziphatha okunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimozulu. Ukuze ufunde ngakumbi ngezi meko, ungandwendwela icandelo lethu imithi yaseJapan.
• Ngaba banokutshintsha indlela abaziphatha ngayo ngenxa yemozulu?
  Ezinye iintlobo ziziphatha njengezityalo ezihlala ixesha elide kwimozulu efudumeleyo, efumileyo nanjengemithi evuthulukayo kwiindawo ezinobusika obukhulu okanye imbalela. Ukuziqhelanisa neemeko zemozulu kunokuphembelela indlela abaziphatha ngayo, kodwa kusoloko kuluhlu lwabo oluphambili.
• Ziziphi iintlobo zokukhetha igadi encinci?
  Kwizithuba ezincinci, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhethe iintlobo ezinqabileyo zobukhulu obuphakathi okanye imithi ehlala eluhlaza exineneyo (ezifana neboxwood okanye isitrasi esincinci).
• Yeyiphi imithi evelisa ezona ntyatyambo zibalaseleyo?
  Imithi emininzi enamagqabi avuthulukayo iyaziwa ngokuqhakaza kwayo okumangalisayo emva kokuphuka kwamathupha (icherry, ijacaranda, ialmondi, imephu yaseJapan). Ngeminye imizekelo, bona icandelo lethu imithi yeentyatyambo.

Izigqibo zokugqibela kunye neengcebiso

Ukukhetha phakathi kwemithi evuthulukayo okanye ehlala eluhlaza kuya kuxhomekeka kwimozulu yakho, isitayile segadi yakho, kunye nezinto ozikhethayo. Ukudibanisa okucwangcisiweyo kuzo zombini iindidi kunika ukulinganisela okubonakalayo, ukusebenza, kunye nesibheno unyaka wonke. Ngalo lonke ixesha khumbula ukujonga iimpawu ezithile zohlobo ngalunye ukuqinisekisa ukuziqhelanisa nempilo kwindawo yakho.

Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe kunye nemizekelo esebenzayo, nceda undwendwele yethu inqaku malunga nemithi yeentyatyambo.