La ukuthena intsangu Yenye yezo ndlela ezahlula isityalo esisetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo kwisityalo esikhethekileyo ngokwenene. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba izityalo zidubule, kodwa xa zenziwe ngendlela eyiyo, kwenza umahluko omkhulu... imveliso, umgangatho wamahlumela kunye nolawulo lwesithubaNangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba kucace gca ukuba yintoni enqunyulwayo, nini, kwaye ngayiphi injongo.
Kwesi sikhokelo uya kufumana Lonke ulwazi olubalulekileyo malunga nendlela kunye nexesha lokuthena i-cannabisUkususela kwizinto ezisisiseko (izinto ongazichukumisiyo) ukuya kwiindlela ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ngabalimi abaziingcali (i-apical topping, i-FIM, i-lollipop, i-LST, i-super cropping, i-pizzicato, i-main-lining, i-defoliation, njl.njl.). Siza kubona kwakhona Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo, izixhobo, ucoceko kunye nokhathalelo emva kokuhlinzwaukuze ungasibulali isityalo ngenxa yomdla.
Yintoni ukuthena intsangu kwaye isetyenziselwa ntoni?
Xa sithetha ngokuthena, sibhekisa ku susa ngokukhetha iindawo zesityalo (amasebe, iincam, amahlumela athile, okanye, ngeendlela ezithile, amagqabi athile) ukuhambisa amandla apho afuneka khona kakhulu. Intsangu, ukuba ishiywe yodwa, idla ngokuvela i-cola enkulu esembindini kunye namasebe amaninzi angemva aneentyatyambo ezikhululekileyo, ingakumbi kwinxalenye esezantsi, apho ukukhanya kungafiki khona.
Ngokuthena okucwangcisiweyo kakuhle, siqinisekisa ukuba isityalo sebenzisa ngcono ukukhanya kunye nezondlokwaye endaweni yokusasaza amandla kwihlathi lamasebe abuthathaka, igxila amahlumela akhanyiswe ngconoi-resin engakumbi, iyafana kwaye kulula ukuyenza ibe manicure. Ukongeza, ikuvumela ukuba:
- Ukuphakama kunye nemilo yolawulo, into elula ngaphakathi kunye neebhalkhoni ezifihlakeleyo.
- Ukuphucula ukungena komoya kwaye kuncitshiswe umngcipheko wefungi efana ne-botrytis okanye i-powdery mildew.
- Ziphephe iintyatyambo ezincinci nezingekavuthwa kwiindawo apho kungekho kukhanya kwaneleyo.
- Ukufihla izityalo zangaphandleokubenza babe bafutshane kwaye babe nomsindo ngakumbi.
Nangona kunjalo, yonke into esikiweyo ayilunganga kangako. Ukuthena okungafanelekanga okanye okungafikeleliyo ngexesha kunokubangela Uxinzelelo olukhulu, ukudumba kweentyantyambo okuthintelweyo, ukwakheka okubuthathaka okanye ukonakalisa isivuno. Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kangaka ukuhlonipha imithetho ethile esisiseko.
Ixesha lokuthena intsangu (kwaye ixesha lokungayichukumisi)
Ukubeka ixesha kubaluleke kakhulu njengobuchule. Umthetho ngokubanzi ucacile: Uninzi lokuthena lwenziwa ngexesha lokukhula, xa isityalo sikhula sibe nesakhiwo sezityalo kwaye singakaqali ukudubula.
Ngokwendlela esebenzayo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uhlale ukhumbula la manqaku okubhekisa kuwo ukukhetha ixesha elifanelekileyo:
- Ubude obuncinci kunye nophuhliso: Kucetyiswa ukuba isityalo sibe nezimbalwa ubuncinane Ubude obuyi-30 cm kunye namaqhina amaninzi akhiwe kakuhle (Imigangatho emi-4-7 yamasebe asecaleni, kuxhomekeke kwindlela yokwenza) ngaphambi kokuba unqumle kakhulu.
- Ngaphakathi: Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kukusika malunga neentsuku ezili-15 ngaphambi tshintshela kwi-12/12, ishiya indawo yokuba isityalo siphinde siphile kwaye sichaze iincam zaso ezintsha.
- Ngaphandle: Into efanelekileyo omawuyenze kukusika ngaphambi kokuba ihlobo liqale kumantla e-hemisphere (ekupheleni kukaJuni, ekuqaleni kukaJulayi) okanye elingana nayo emazantsi (phakathi kuDisemba, malunga).
- Izinto ezingaqhelekanga ngexesha lokudubula kweentyatyambo: Kwi-sativas ezidubula kade kakhulu, kungenziwa ukuthena okuncinci. kude kube yiveki yesi-2 ukuya kweyesi-3 yokudubula kweentyantyamboKodwa kuphela ukuba uyazi into oyenzayo.
Ngokuphathelele ukuthena ngexesha lokudubula kweentyatyamboKucetyiswa ukuba ulumke kakhulu. Ukunqumla amasebe ngeli nqanaba kuvelisa uxinzelelo olungeyomfuneko xa isityalo sigxile ekwenzeni iintyatyambo. Okunokwenziwa yile:
- Omnye ukuthena okuncinci kwiiveki zokuqala ezi-1-2 zokudubula (iiveki ezi-3 ubuninzi kwi-sativas).
- Cima amagqabi afileyo, agulayo okanye awonakeleyo ngokupheleleyo nangaliphi na ixesha.
- Sebenzisa iindlela ezithile ezifana ne-lollipop okanye ukususa amahlamvu, kodwa ngononophelo kwaye ngaphakathi kwefestile efanelekileyo.
Into abantu abaninzi abayilibalayo: izithole kunye nezityalo ezizityalela zodwa. izityalo ezisandula ukuhluma Musa nokucinga nangokuzichukumisa; kufuneka zenze amaqhuqhuva amahlanu kunye nenkqubo yeengcambu efanelekileyo ngaphambi kokuba ucinge nangokuzithena. autoflowering, enomjikelo omfutshane kangaka (iiveki ezi-3-5 zokukhula kunye neeveki ezi-5-7 zokudubula), Azixhamli ngokuthena ngogonyameloUxinzelelo lubi kakhulu kubo, kwaye uhlala ulahlekelwa ngaphezu koko ukuzuzayo.
Oko ungafanele ukunqumle: ukubaluleka kwamagqabi
Enye yeempazamo zakudala kukucinga ukuba Ukususa amagqabi amakhulu kwandisa ukukhanya okufikelela kumahlumela ngoko ke imveliso. Ingqiqo ibonakala ilungile, kodwa xa kusenziwa oku kuchasene noko: amagqabi iipaneli zelanga yesityalo kunye nendawo yaso yokugcina impahla eyintloko.
I-Photosynthesis yenzeka emagqabini, apho izondlo zigcinwa khona ngamaxesha okunqongophala. Ukuba usebenza e ukukha amagqabi aphilileyo, amakhulu okanye amancinciUnqumla umbane onika ezo zihluma ofuna ukuzikhulisa. Eyona ndlela yokuzisusa kuku:
- Amagqabi ifile ngokupheleleyo okanye imdaka.
- Amagqabi onakaliswe kakhulu zizinambuzane okanye izifo.
- Amanye amagqabi athile kwiindlela ezifana nokususa amahlamvu, elandela imigaqo ecacileyo, kungekhona ngokungacwangciswanga.
Kwanamagqabi atyheli asebenza kancinci, kwiimeko ezininzi, abonisa ukuba isityalo... ukuzikhupha zezondlo. Ukuba uzisusa ngaphambi kwexesha, uzihlutha loo ndawo zigciniweyo. Yiyo loo nto into efanelekileyo omawuyenze kukuba Sika amasebe angavelisi ziqhamo kunye neendawo ezingenakukhanya.kwaye bahloniphe kangangoko kunokwenzeka amagqabi aphilileyo, ingakumbi lawo akwinxalenye ephezulu, apho imveliso enamandla kakhulu igxininiswa khona.
Izixhobo kunye nokulungiswa phambi kokuthenwa
Ukuze uchebe kakuhle, akufuneki ulungiselele igumbi lokutyanda, kodwa kufuneka ube nalo izixhobo ezilungileyo ezibukhali nezicocekileyoIsixhobo esingekho semgangathweni okanye esingcolileyo sinokukrazula izicwili, senze kube lula ukosuleleka, kwaye sonyuse uxinzelelo lwezityalo.
Iziseko ekufuneka ube nazo zezi:
- Ukuthena okanye ukucheba izikere yomgangatho (uhlobo lwebhonsai, inqaku elincinci, eligobileyo okanye elithe tye, ngokwencasa).
- I-Scalpel okanye i-cutter ukuze kuthenwe ngokuchanekileyo (i-apical, i-FIM, amahlumela amancinci).
- Utywala (isopropyl okanye efanayo) yokubulala iintsholongwane ngaphambi nasemva kokusetyenziswa.
- Iigloves izinto ezilahlwayo ukuthintela ukudluliselwa kwezifo ezivela kwesinye isityalo ukuya kwesinye.
- Izibonda, iingcingo ezigqunyiweyo, okanye iintambo kwiindlela zokugoba (i-LST, i-super cropping, i-main-lining).
- Iteyiphu yombane, iteyiphu yendlela, okanye iteyiphu yokupakisha ukulungisa amasebe aphukayo xa egobile.
- Kwimicu engaphandle okanye etyebileyo, Unamathiselo ophilisayo okanye nokuba yikhandlela yokutywina iinkuni ezityebileyo.
Ngaphambi kokuba siqale, kufanelekile... bulala iintsholongwane izixhobo Coca indawo yokusebenza ngotywala kwaye ucacise ukuba uza kunqumla amasebe aphi. Ukwenza izinto ezintsha usebenzisa izikere ngesandla kudla ngokuphelela kwintlekele. ukuthena kakhulu kunye nezityalo ezingenanto.
Iindlela zokuthena nokuqeqesha ezisetyenziswa kakhulu
Kukho uluhlu oluhle lweendlela zokulungelelanisa isityalo kwindawo leyo, imfuza yaso, kunye neenjongo zakho. Ezinye zibandakanya ukusika ngokuthe ngqo (ukuzithena) kwaye abanye bakhetha uqeqesho oluphindwe kabini okanye ukuncinza, okutshintsha ukusasazwa kweehomoni zokukhula ngaphandle kokukrazula izicubu.
Ukuthena kwe-apical (iTopping)
Ukuthena ii-apical yenye yezona ndlela zilula nezixhaphakileyo. Iquka sika ihlumelo le-apicalOko kukuthi, incam ephambili yesityalo. Eli hlumela ligxile kwii-auxins ezininzi, ii-hormone ezibangela ukuba isiqu esiphambili silawule amasebe asecaleni.
Ngokususa elo nqaku, isityalo sisasaza iihomoni kumasebe esibini kwaye Amanqaku amabini aphambili avela kwimo ka-“V”, siqala kwiqhina apho sinqumla khona. Oku kusenza sikwazi ukufezekisa oku:
- Lawula ukuphakama, into ebalulekileyo ngaphakathi nakwiibhalkhoni.
- Fumana esinye isityalo izihlahla kunye namasebe.
- Lungisa isakhiwo kakuhle ukuze utyale I-SCROG (Isikrini soBuhlaza).
- Zifihle izityalo ezinde zangaphandle ngokuzenza banzi kwaye basezantsi.
Indlela eqhelekileyo yokwenza i-apical pruning ukusuka kwi-node yesithathu (akukaze kwenzeke ngaphambili), xa isityalo sikhula ngokupheleleyo. Ngaphakathi, oku kungenziwa phakathi komqolo wesi-3 nowesi-5 wamasebe asecaleni, kuxhomekeke kubude bokugqibela obufunekayo; ngaphandle, kude kube phakathi/ekupheleni kukaJuni kumantla ehlabathi. Ngexesha lokudubula, ayinamsebenzi we-apicalUza kunciphisa imveliso kuphela kwaye awuyi kuzisebenzisa iingenelo zayo.
Ukuthena iFIM
Indlela ye-FIM yavela ngempazamo xa kwakufuneka kususwe ihlumela elisemagqabini. Endaweni yokunqumla lonke ihlumela, kwasala isiqwenga. Yiyo loo nto igama lesiNgesi elithi, "Fuck, I missed." Kule ndlela Ihlumela eliyi-apical alisuswanga ngokupheleleyokodwa inqumla malunga phakathi kwama-70 kunye nama-80-90% encochoyikushiya intsalela encinci.
Ukuba yenziwe ngokuchanekileyo, loo mgca unokuvelisa Amahlumela aphambili ama-4, ama-5 okanye ama-6-7 Zisondelelene kakhulu. Yindlela yokwandisa inani lemisila ngaphandle kokufuna izityalo ezininzi kwaye ngaphandle kokuthena rhoqo.
I-FIM isetyenziswa kwi ukukhula, ngesiqhelo xa isityalo siphakathi Amaqhina ama-4 kunye nama-7Yindlela esetyenziswa kakhulu kwezi zinto zilandelayo:
- iindawo zokusika iziqwenga, njengoko ivelisa iindawo ezininzi zokusika iziqwenga.
- Ngaphandle, kwindawo yesithathu yesityalo sexesha lonyaka, ukufumana Amehlo aphakathi ama-5-6 isasazwe kakuhle.
- Izityalo apho zifunwa khona gquma umphezulu ngezityalo ezimbalwa.
Ngaphakathi endlwini, kufuneka ulumke: amehlo amaninzi kakhulu asondelelene kakhulu anokwenza mthunzi kwaye ukhuphisaneOku kunokwenza kube nzima ukuqhakaza iintyatyambo ukuba indawo ayininzi. Nokuba kunjalo, ihlumela kufuneka linqunyulwe. isixhobo esibukhali kakhulu nesihlanjululwe iintsholongwane ukuphepha amanxeba angaqhelekanga.
I-Lollipop okanye ukuthena okuxhonywe kancinci
Ukuthena iLollipop kugxile kwisiphumo esichaseneyo: endaweni yokuchukumisa incam, susa amasebe aphantsi nangatheliyoigxininisa amandla ayo phezulu. Isityalo sigqibela sifana nelollipop: isiqu esingenanto ngaphantsi kunye nesithsaba esizele ngamahlumela ngaphezulu.
Le ndlela isekelwe kwinyani phantse kuyo nayiphi na isityalo: amahlumela asezantsi, ngaphandle kokukhanya okuthe ngqo, adla ngokuba incinci, ithambile kwaye ikumgangatho ophantsiUkususa loo masebe kusinika:
- Amahlumela aphezulu amakhulu nafanayo.
- Ukujikeleza komoya okungcono ngokusebenzisa inxalenye esezantsi yesityalo.
- Umngcipheko omncinci wefungi kunye nezinambuzane "kwihlathi" elisezantsi.
- Umsebenzi omncinci we-manicure kunye namahlumela amancinci ahlekisayo.
Ihlala yenziwa ngaphakathi ukuphela kokukhula okanye ngaphambi nje kokuba idubuleNgaphakathi, abalimi abaninzi bacoca ukusuka ezantsi ukuya eziphelweni kuphela iqhina elinye okanye amabini aphezuluIngakumbi kwi-SOG (uLwandle oluLuhlaza). Ngexesha lokudubula kweentyatyambo, akukhuthazwa ukudlala ngezityalo ze-lollipop emva kwesigaba sokuqala. kwiveki yesibini (eyesithathu njengomda kwi-sativas), ukuze kunganciphisi imveliso okanye kubangele uxinzelelo olufike emva kwexesha.
I-LST (uQeqesho loxinzelelo oluphantsi)
I-LST ayisiyondlela eqhelekileyo yokuthena, kuba Akubandakanyi ukusika nantoni na.Yinkqubo yoqeqesho ethambileyo esekelwe goba kwaye ukhokele amasebe ngeentambo, iingcingo ezigqunyiweyo okanye iihoko ukuze zikhule ngokuthe tye kunokuba zithe nkqo.
Ngokugoba amasebe aphezulu naphambili, isityalo sisasaza iihomoni zokukhula ngempumelelo, kwaye amahlumela amaninzi afikelela kubude obufanayoukudala uhlobo "lwekhaphethi" yemisila. Iingenelo zayo zicacile:
- Isebenzisa ngcono ukukhanya kwizityalo zangaphakathi.
- Kufunyanwa isityalo esezantsi, ebanzi kwaye engacacanga ngaphandle.
- Uxinzelelo luyancitshiswa xa kuthelekiswa nokuthena ngamandla.
- Ilungele ukukhulisa kwiikhabhathi ezincinci okanye ukukhanya okulinganiselwe.
I-LST ingaqalwa kwangethuba kakhulu, kwiveki yoku-1 okanye yesi-2 yokukhulaKuxhomekeke ekubeni i-genetics i-indica (isakhiwo esincinci) okanye i-sativa (ende ngakumbi). Idla ngokudityaniswa ne-topping (okanye i-FIM) ukuphindaphinda iincam uze emva koko zisasaze ngokuthe tyeingakumbi kwiindlela zohlobo lwe-SCROG.
Ukutyala kakhulu
Ukusika kakhulu yindlela elawulwayo enoxinzelelo oluphezulu apho Zigoba iziqu de imicu yangaphakathi iqhekeze.kodwa ngaphandle kokuphula ulusu lwangaphandle. Ingcamango kukuba lo monakalo ulawulwayo uya kubangela impendulo yokuxhasa izityaloukwenza isiqu sibe lukhuni kunye nokutshintsha iihomoni.
Ukuze wenze oku, bamba isebe phakathi kweminwe yakho (ubhontsi nomnwe wokwalatha) uze Cinezela ude uzive ukuba ifayibha iyayekaukugoba isebe kwicala elifunekayo. Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, kuvela i-"callus" kwindawo egobileyo, isiqu siba namandla ngakumbi, kwaye:
- Ukuphakama kulawulwa amasebe adubula esiya esibaneni.
- U-A uyakhuthazwa ukukhula okuthe tye ngakumbi.
- Amahlumela akuloo sebe adla ngokwenza zuza ubunzima obungakumbi.
- Ufumana i isakhiwo seentyatyambo esifanayo ngakumbi.
Kubalulekile ukuba ungaphuli ixolo. Ukuba i-membrane yangaphandle iyavuleka, isebe lisenokuvula. kufa ngokupheleleyoUkuba oku kuyenzeka, ingasongwa ngeteyipu yombane ukuze incede ekuthungeni, kodwa ayisebenzi rhoqo. Oku kudla ngokusetyenziswa xa isityalo sine ubuncinane imigangatho emi-4 yamaqhina, kokubini kwisiqu esiphambili nakwimasebe aqinileyo asecaleni.
I-pizzicato okanye ukucinezela inxalenye
Indlela ye-pizzicato ibandakanya tyumza kancinci ihlumelo eliphakathi Sebenzisa iminwe yakho ukuze ubambe isebe, ngaphandle kokulisika okanye ukugoba lonke isiqu njengakwi-super cropping. Injongo yile ukumisa okwethutyana ukukhula ngokuthe nkqo ukusuka kuloo ndawo ukuze amasebe asecaleni afumane amandla.
Isiphumo esibonakalayo kukuba amagqabi amatsha avela kwindawo ecinezelweyo anokuba ukukhubazeka okwethutyanaNangona kunjalo, isityalo esiseleyo siyaqhubeka nokukhula ngendlela eqhelekileyo. Xa indawo echaphazelekayo iphinda ibuyele esiqhelweni, amagqabi alandelayo avela ngaphandle kweengxaki.
Isetyenziswa kwi ukukhula, xa isityalo sinezinye Amanqanaba ama-3-4 amasebe asecaleniLe nkqubo ingenziwa kwi-central bud kunye nakumasebe asecaleni afuna ukujongwa. Kucetyiswa ukuba ube nezandla ezicocekileyo okanye unxibe iiglavu, kuba wonakalisa izicubu eziphilayo kwaye awufuni ukungenisa iintsholongwane.
Main-lining
ukwenza umgca oyintloko yindlela yokwenza uqeqesho olunzulu edibanisa ukuthenwa kwe-apical, ukugoba, kunye nokulingana. Injongo kukudala isakhiwo esimile okwe-Y esilungelelene ngokugqibeleleyo, apho kuvela khona amasebe amakhulu amaninzi afanayo.
Inkqubo eqhelekileyo ibandakanya:
- Yenza a i-apical yokuqala kushiyeke amasebe amabini achaseneyo.
- Khokela loo masebe mabini ngokuthe tye nangokuphakama okufanayo.
- Phinda imisebenzi yokuthena nokuqondisa ukuze isebe ngalinye eliphambili lahlulwe libe ziindidi ezimbini, njalo njalo.
Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba yonke imigca ephambili ifumana ukukhanya kunye nezondlo ezifanayo, iguqulela kwi amahlumela afanayo ngobukhulu nangomgangathoYindlela esebenzayo kakhulu kodwa inzima: naluphi na ukusika okungenziwanga kakuhle okanye ixesha elingabalwanga kakuhle linokulibazisa isivuno okanye lonakalise isityalo.
Ukuchaswa
Ukususa i-defoliation yindlela ephikiswana ngayo kuba, ngokungafaniyo nazo zonke ezidlulileyo, Igxile ekususeni amagqabi (ngesiqhelo ezo zinkulu nezindala, ingakumbi ezantsi nakwiindawo ezixineneyo kakhulu) ukuphucula ukungena kokukhanya kunye nokujikeleza komoya.
Xa yenziwe ngengqiqo elungileyo, inokunceda:
- Ukunciphisa iingxowa zokufuma kwizityalo ezinamagqabi amaninzi.
- Vumela ukukhanya kufike amahlumela esibini ebeziza kuhlala zisebumnyameni.
- Nciphisa umngcipheko umngundo kunye nezinambuzane kwiindawo ezivalekileyo kakhulu.
Nangona kunjalo, yindlela nobundlongondlongo Ayikhuthazwa ngumntu wonke. Kufuneka isetyenziswe kwizityalo ezisempilweni kakhulu, ngamaxesha athile (ngesiqhelo ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukudubula iintyatyambo kwaye, ukuba iyaphinda ivele, kwangethuba kakhulu kweli nqanaba). Ukucocwa kakhulu kwamagqabi kunokubangela yehlisa isantya se-photosynthesis kwaye ivelise uxinzelelo olungeyomfuneko.
Ukulima ngaphakathi nangaphandle: indlela yokulungisa ukuthena
Indawo yokukhulisa izityalo inefuthe elikhulu kwindlela yokuthena eluncedo kakhulu. Ayifani. ikhabhathi eyi-1 m² ngokugxila kwi-30-40 cm ukusuka kwincam igadi yangaphandle enelanga apho isityalo sinokuba sisilo esiziimitha ezimbini ukuba uyasivumela.
Indlela yokucheba i-marijuana endlini
Ngaphakathi, okubalulekileyo kukuba ukusetyenziswa kokukhanya okwenziweyo kunye nomda wokuphakama. Ke ngoko, iindlela ezisetyenziswa kakhulu zezi:
- I-Apical kunye ne-FIM ukuphinda-phinda iincam kunye nokucaba ikhenophi.
- I-LST, i-SCROG kunye ne-super cropping ukugcina ubude obulawulwayo kunye nokwandisa amasebe ngokuthe tye.
- lollipop inamandla kangangokuba kuphela amahlumela akhanyayo kakuhle akhula.
Kwiintlobo ezininzi zezityalo ezikhula ngaphakathi, ukususela ngomhla we-15-18 emva kokuhluma (xa kuvela ii-pistil zokuqala kwaye isityalo siqala ukunwebeka), lixesha lokuba thatha isigqibo sokuthena okuxhonywe kancinciAmasebe ahlala emthunzini ayasuswa, kushiyeke phantse incam ephakathi kunye neqhuma elinye okanye amabini aphezulu.
Ukuba inkqubo yokunkcenkceshela okanye yokuchumisa yanele, kuyacetyiswa ukuba Susa amasebe amancinci, abuthathaka, okanye anombala onzimaukuze isityalo singachithi izixhobo. Kwiintente zokukhulisa izityalo, ukusetyenziswa [kwento ethile] kudla ngokuba yimfuneko. abahlohli Kuba njengoko izityalo zikhula ixesha elide, iziqu zazo zinokuba ncinci kakhulu ukuba zingabi namandla okuxhasa ubunzima behlumela eliphakathi. Ngezixhaso, isityalo sinokunikela ngezixhobo zaso... iintyatyambo ezityebileyo endaweni yokuqinisa iziqu.
Indlela yokuthena intsangu ngaphandle
Ngaphandle, ingxaki ayisoloko ibangelwa kukungabikho kokukhanya; ngokuchaseneyo, xa kukho ilanga elithe ngqo nomhlaba otyebileyo, izityalo zikhula kakuhle. yolula kakhulu kwaye uphume umgama omdeApha, ukuthena kusetyenziswa:
- Iqulethe ubude (abamelwane abanomdla, iithara ezifihlakeleyo, iigadi ezibonakalayo).
- Yandisa ukwakheka kwamasebe kwaye ufumane imisila emininzi ephakathi endaweni yeklabhu enye enkulu.
- Ziphephe iintyatyambo ezinkulu eziziimagnethi ze-botrytis kwiindawo ezimanzi zangaphandle.
Icebo elisetyenziswa rhoqo kukwenza ihlumela elivela kwi-apical yokuqala kwi-node yesi-3ukushiya amasebe amathathu esiqwini, okanye ukuphinda-phinda ukuthena amaxesha amaninzi kulo lonke umjikelo wokukhula. Okukhona uthena ngokukhawuleza nangakumbi (ngaphakathi komda ofanelekileyo), kokukhona amasebe aphambili nalinganayo zifunyenwe.
Ukuba kukho amanxeba amakhulu aseleyo kwisiqu, kuyacetyiswa ukuba tywina inxeba ngentlama yokuphilisa Okanye, ukuba oko akwenzeki, ngekhandlela, ukuthintela ukungcola, ukufuma, okanye iintsholongwane ukuba zingangeni. Kukwayinto entle ukuya ukususa amasebe anzulu kakhulu ngaphakathi kwisityaloemthunzini ohlala uhleli, uze ufake ezinye isikhuthazi sokulwa noxinzelelo emva kokuthena kakhulu.
Ngaphandle, inokunqunyulwa izihlandlo ezininzi ngexesha lokukhula kwayo (ukunqunyulwa okulandelanayo oku-5-7, kuxhomekeke kumhla wokutyala kunye nemfuza). Isiphumo sidla ngokuba sisityalo mfutshane, unamasebe amaninzi, kwaye unamahlumela amancinci kodwa afanayo kakhulu, kwaye umngcipheko wokukhula kwefungus kwiintyatyambo ezinkulu awunciphi.
Ucoceko, ukuthintela izinambuzane kunye nezifo xa kuthenwa
Ukusika ngakunye kuvula ucango olunokwenzeka iifungi, iibhaktheriya kunye izitshabalalisiIindlela ezilungileyo zokuthena aziphuculi nje kuphela imveliso, kodwa zikwayinxalenye yokuthintela impilo esisiseko ekulimeni.
Ukuze izinto zihlale zilawulwa, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ulandele le mithetho:
- Izixhobo zokubulala iintsholongwane ngaphambi nasemva kweseshoni nganye (i-isopropyl alcohol, i-diluted bleach, njl.njl.).
- Sebenzisa Iigloves ezilahlayo xa usebenza nezityalo ezininzi okanye neesampuli ezinesifo.
- Kuphephe ukuchukumisa ngqo amanxeba ngezandla.
- Susa kwaye ulahle ngokufanelekileyo inkunkuma yokuthena, ungazishiyi zilele phantsi komhlaba.
- Gcina isivuno icocekile kwaye icocekile, ngaphandle kwamadama okanye izinto eziphilayo ezibolileyo.
Isityalo esithenwe kakuhle nesinomoya ococekileyo sinazo ukujikeleza komoya okuphuculweyo kunye nokufuma okuncinci kweendawo ezifileyoOku kunciphisa ukubonakala kwesikhunta. Ngaphezu koko, ukususa amagqabi anesifo okanye amasebe achaphazelekileyo kuthintela ukwanda okungakumbi. usulelo lusasazeka kwisityalo esisele okanye nakwisityalo siphela.
Ukunyamekela izityalo emva kokuthena
Emva kweseshoni yokuthena, nokuba ilula kangakanani na, isityalo singena kwinqanaba ukubuyiselwa kwimeko yesiqhelo kunye nokuhlelwa ngokutshaNgezo ntsuku, licebo elihle ukumphatha kakuhle kancinci kwaye ungamxinezeli ngaphezu kokuba kuyimfuneko.
Ezinye iingcebiso ezisisiseko zexesha elifanelekileyo emva kotyando:
- Musa ukwenza naluphi na olunye utshintsho ngequbuliso (ukufakelwa izityalo, utshintsho kwindlela ezijoliswa ngayo, utshintsho olukhulu kwimozulu) emva nje kokuthena.
- qwalasela isityalo kwiintsuku ezilandelayo ukuze kubonwe ukwehla okungaqhelekanga, usulelo, okanye ukukhula okukhubazekileyo.
- Gcina ubushushu obuzinzileyo, ukufuma kunye nokukhanya, ngaphandle kokugabadela.
- Nkcenkceshela ngokongaMusa ukumtyhala xa echitha amandla ephilisa.
Kwezinye iimeko kuyanceda ukuxhasa ukubuyiselwa kwimeko yesiqhelo ngeemveliso ezithile:
- Izinto ezivuselela iingcambuezinceda ukuphucula ukufunxwa kwamanzi kunye nezondlo.
- Izichumisi ezityebileyo zenitrogen ngexesha lokukhula, ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwakhona kwamagqabi namasebe.
- Iihomoni zokukhula (auxins, gibberellins) kwiifomyula zorhwebo, zihlala zilinganiselwe.
- Ii-enzyme complexes ezinceda ekuboleni iingcambu ezifileyo kunye neentsalela zezinto eziphilayo kwisiseko sezityalo.
Kwizityalo ezifuna imali eninzi, abalimi abaninzi nabo bafaka isicelo Iivithamini kunye ne-anti-stress biostimulants emva kokuthenwa kakhulu okanye ukugoba kakhulu, ingakumbi ngaphandle okanye ngenxa yemfuza ebuthathaka.
Ungazicheba kangaphi isityalo sentsangu?
Nangona ukuthena kungaluncedo kakhulu ekuveliseni, isityalo asenziwanga ngerabha. Ukuthena kakhulu okanye rhoqo kakhulu Ingabangela uxinzelelo olungapheliyo kunye nophuhliso oluvimbayo.
Ngokubanzi, kwisityalo esixhomekeke kwixesha lokukhanya esikhule ngokuzolileyo, umntu unokwenza phakathi Ukuthenwa okukhulu oku-2 noku-3 ngexesha lokukhula (i-apical/FIM + eyenziwe yi-bass, umzekelo) isoloko ishiya ixesha elaneleyo phakathi komnye nomnye ukuze isityalo siphinde sikhule kwaye siqhubeke sikhula ngamandla.
Ukuthena iintyatyambo ngendlela efanelekileyo (ukususa amasebe akhululekileyo okanye amagqabi awonakeleyo kakhulu) kungenziwa xa kuyimfuneko, kodwa kusoloko kukho ingcamango yokuba Musa ukususa amagqabi kwisityaloKwaye khumbula: ezimotweni, ngaphandle kwezixhobo zokuthambisa ezincinci okanye i-LST ethambileyo kakhulu, Ukuba ukuthena kancinci, kokukhona kungcono..
Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ukuthenwa kwenziwe ngendlela engafanelekanga?
Umbuzo oxabisa izigidi zeerandi: kwenzeka ntoni ukuba usika kakhulu okanye apho ungafanele usika khona? Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo zokuthena okungacwangciswanga kakuhle zezi:
- uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo, kunye nokukhula okuyekile kangangeentsuku okanye iiveki.
- Ukuqhakaza okulibazisekileyo okanye amahlumela angaqini kakuhle.
- Ulwakhiwo olubuthathakangamasebe angakwaziyo ukuxhasa ubunzima nokugoba okanye ukuqhekeka.
- Ukwanda kokuchaphazeleka zizinambuzane kunye neefungi ukuba amanxeba ahlala evulekile engavalwanga kakuhle.
Ukuba umonakalo sele wenziwe, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukwenza yeka, musa ukuqhubeka usika kwaye ugxile ekuncedeni isityalo ukuba siphinde siphile: imozulu entle, ukunkcenkceshela okulawulwayo, into yokuvuselela iingcambu, kwaye, xa amasebe aphukile, ziqhawule ngeteyipu Ukuba kusekho incindi ephumayo. Intsangu inzima kunokuba ibonakala kwaye idla ngokubuyela esiqhelweni ukuba awucingi ngempazamo.
Ngamafutshane, ukuthena intsangu sisixhobo esinamandla kakhulu ukuqondisa ukukhula, ukulungelelanisa isityalo kwindawo, kunye nokuphucula ubungakanani kunye nomgangatho wamahlumelaUkuba ixesha lazo liyahlonitshwa, kusetyenziswa iindlela ezifanelekileyo, kwaye isityalo sixhaswa ngaphambi nasemva kokusikwa ngakunye, ngokuziqhelanisa kancinci, izityalo zakho ziya kuphendula ngezakhiwo ezihambelanayo, iintyatyambo ezifanayo, kunye nesityalo esilula ukusilawula.
