I-Verbena luhlobo oluhluke kakhulu lwezityalo ezihlala ixesha elide kunye nezityalo ze-herbaceous zonyaka ezihlelwa njengezinambuzane, ezithe tye kunye ne-mossy.
Zibonisa iintyatyambo ezintle ezongeza umbala kwigadi yakho kwaye ziqhakaze ukusuka entwasahlobo ukuya ekwindla. I-Creepers ibonelela ngokhuseleko olukhulu lwezityalo ezikhazimla ezitiyeni. yamathambeka amatye neembiza ezijingayo. Amahlamvu awo aluhlaza amnyama aneentyatyambo ezintle ezinamagqabi amahlanu.
Apha siza kuphonononga yonke inkathalo efunekayo ukuyikhusela kwingqele, izikhokelo zokunkcenkceshela, iingcebiso zokuthena, kunye nomhlaba ongundoqo, ukukhanya, izinambuzane, kunye neemfuno zokuzala, kuthathelwa ingqalelo inkathalo ekhethekileyo kwiinyanga ezibandayo kunye neemfuno zesityalo kula maqondo obushushu. Injongo: ukufika entwasahlobo kunye neeverbena eziphilileyo ezilungele ukuqhakaza ngendlela enkulu.
Yintoni i-verbena kunye nendlela yokuyiqonda
IVerbena sisityalo esine herbaceous sosapho lwe Verbenaceae, sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngeenjongo zokuhombisa kwaye saziwa nangokusetyenziswa kwemveli. Iintyatyambo zayo zivela kwi-compact cluster kwaye zihlala ixesha elide phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo. Amahlamvu adla ngokuba nesisa, anamagqabi ane-lanceolate okanye anamazinyo, kwaye iziqu ziyahluka ukusuka kwirhubuluzi ukuya kuthi tye ngokuxhomekeke kwiindidi..
Phakathi kweqela kukho amagama adumileyo anokuvakala eqhelekile kuwe: I-Verbena bonariensis (iziqu ezinde kunye neentyatyambo eziviolet), iVerbena rigida (iintyatyambo ezimfutshane nezimfusa) okanye iVerbena canadensis (esetyenziswa kakhulu ezitiyeni njengokhuselo lomhlaba). Kwiindawo ezigcina abantwana uyakubona imihlanganiselwa yorhwebo eyaziwa ngokuba yiVerbena hybrida, kwaye kuncwadi lwezityalo u-V. officinalis udla ngokubonakala enxulunyaniswa nokusetyenziswa kwamayeza.Le yantlukwano ichaza isizathu sokuba abanye bamelane neemeko ezithile ngcono kunezinye.
Njengesityalo sangaphandle, i-verbena isebenza kakuhle kwiibhedi zegadi, imida, amathambeka kunye nezityalo. Iifom zokulandelela ziyaboleka zijinga kwiibhalkhoni kunye neefestile, kunye nokunyuka kancinci ukuba kukho inkxaso yezityalo ekufutshane. Iphalethi yombala ibanzi kakhulu, ukusuka kumhlophe ukuya kwi-fuchsias enzulu, kwaye ezinye iintlobo zikhupha ivumba elimnandi kakhulu, elithambileyo..
Imozulu kunye nokukhanya ebusika
Isithende esikhulu se-Achilles sikaVerbena yiqabaka. Kwimozulu efudumeleyo, enemozulu epholileyo, ithande ukukhula njengonyaka; kwiindawo ezibandayo, inokufa xa kufika ubusika xa ishiywe ingakhuselekanga. Imozulu efanelekileyo yileyo engenaqabaka kakhulu kunye nelanga elininzi; ukuba ithemometha ihlala ihla ngaphantsi kwe-zero, inyathelo liyafuneka..
Ngokuphathelele ukukhanya, esi sityalo siyakuxabisa ukufumana ukukhanya kwelanga okuthe ngqo okuninzi, malunga neeyure ezintandathu ngosuku, ukuqhakaza ngamandla. Kwiindawo ezishushu kakhulu, kungcono ukuba uzinike ikhefu phakathi kwehlobo, kodwa ebusika, ukukhanya yigolide esulungekileyo. Yibeke apho ithatha ithuba lobuninzi bemitha yelanga enokwenzeka, ukuphepha izithunzi ezizingileyo ezikhawulezisa ukuhla..
Ukuba kuvuthuza imimoya ebandayo, zama ukuyikhusela kumaza anamandla. Imisinga yomkhenkce ikhupha amanzi emzimbeni kwaye iba mandundu umonakalo obandayo. Ikona ekhuselwe ngodonga okanye i-hedge iphucula kakhulu i-microclimate yayo yasebusika..
Indawo: imbiza kunye negadi
Ebhodweni, kulula ukuyihambisa njengoko iimeko zitshintsha, eyona nto ifunekayo ebusika. Ukuba i-snap ebandayo iqikelelwe, yisuse imbiza kwindawo ekhuselekileyo: ingaphakathi elikhanyayo kude nobushushu obuthe ngqo, ivaranda eneglasi, okanye i-greenhouse ebandayo. Isitshixo kukongeza ukukhanya kunye nokunciphisa iqabaka, ngaphandle kokuvala isityalo kwindawo ezomileyo nezifudumalayo ezigxininisa kuyo..
Egadini, khangela iindawo ezinelanga ezinemijelo egqwesileyo; kwimihlaba enamanzi, umngcipheko wokubola uyanda ngexesha lemozulu ebandayo. Kwikhaphethi okanye ukuxhoma, iintlobo ezilandelwayo zikhangeleka kakuhle. irockery, izixhobo zokutyala kunye namathambeka. Ukuba udibanisa kufuphi namatyholo, banokuxhoma kwaye baxhomekeke ngexesha elifanayo, benze iingoma ezikhangayo kakhulu..
Isebenza ngeendlela ezininzi kakhulu amathafa kunye neebhalkhoniIbukeka imangalisa kwiiplanti ezijingayo; qaphela ngakumbi ukunkcenkceshela, njengoko umoya kunye ne-substrate encinci ikhawuleza ukomisa, nasebusika. Kwimigqomo, amanzi acocekileyo ayimfuneko ukuthintela ukungunda..
Umhlaba kunye ne-substrate: indlela yokulungiselela ukubanda
UVerbena uyawathiya amanzi amileyo. Sebenzisa i-substrates ekhanyayo, enomoya, kunye nokukhupha kakuhle. Kwiimbiza, qiniseka ukuba kukho imingxunya eyaneleyo kwaye ubeke amaqhekeza odongwe ophukileyo okanye igrabile emazantsi ukuthintela ukuvaleka. Umgangatho we-universal substrate otyetyiswe ngomgquba othile uphucula ubume kunye nesondlo ngaphandle kokuwubeka ubunzima..
Egadini, ukuba umhlaba unzima, yongeza izinto eziphilayo ezibolile kakuhle kunye nesanti erhabaxa okanye igrabile ecolekileyo ukwandisa i-porosity. Umhlaba ovuzayo unciphisa umngcipheko we-collar kunye neengcambu zefungus ngexesha leenyanga ezibandayo. Ebusika, umhlaba udla ngokutsaleka ngakumbi ngenxa yomoya ophantsi we-evapotranspiration, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba ulungise ukunkcenkceshela ezantsi..
I-pH ayidla ngokuba yingxaki kwi-verbenas yokuhlobisa yendabuko, kodwa ukuthungwa komhlaba kukuba: ukuphepha ukuxinana kunye nokugxumeka kwamanzi yeyona inshurensi yasebusika. Khumbula ukuba isityalo siyayinyamezela imbalela ngcono kunokufuma okugqithisileyo..
Ukunkcenkceshela ebusika: kangakanani kwaye njani
Umgaqo oqhelekileyo kukunkcenkceshela ngokukhawuleza ebusika kwaye kuphela xa i-substrate yomile phezu komhlaba kunye nenxalenye ngaphakathi. Esona sikhokelo sisebenzayo kukufaka umnwe kwaye uqinisekise ukuba akukho manzi acacileyo phambi kokunkcenkceshela. Ukuba ipholile kwaye ifumile, linda; ukuba yomile, manzi ngokuthe ngcembe..
Kwiimbiza, ukunkcenkceshela kunokubakho ngeveki okanye nangaphezulu, ngokuxhomekeke kwimozulu, ubungakanani besitya, kunye nokuvela emoyeni. Egadini, ingaphantsi nangakumbi: imvula kunye nemfuno esezantsi yamanzi yasebusika idla ngokuba ngaphezu kokugubungela iimfuno. Kuphephe ukumanzisa kakhulu amagqabi kwiintsuku ezibandayo, ezimanzi ukunciphisa umngundo ezifana nomgubo wokungunda kunye ne-downy mildew..
Ubungakanani bamanzi kufuneka bube ngokwaneleyo ukuthambisa iingcambu zengcambu ngaphandle kokushiya ama-puddles. Into ebalulekileyo kukuba uyicwilise kakuhle kwaye uyivumele ukuba ikhuphe ngokukhawuleza, ungayinkcenkceshele ngamancinci amancinci yonke imihla. Kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi, ukufuma okugqithisileyo lona tshaba lokuqala..
Ukuba uyathandabuza, kusoloko kungcono ukwenza impazamo kwicala elifutshane kunexesha elide ebusika. I-verbena enxaniweyo kancinane iya kuphila; omnye oneengcambu ezimanzi, ezibandayo uyasokola. Amanzi kusasa ngeentsuku ezicacileyo ukwenzela ukuba i-substrate ilahlekelwe ngumswakama ngaphambi kokuhlwa..
Ukuthena: yintoni omawuyenze ebusika kunye nento ongayishiya entwasahlobo
Ngexesha lokukhula, licebo elihle ukususa rhoqo iintyatyambo eziphelileyo ukukhuthaza iintyatyambo ezintsha. Ebusika, nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba unganyanzeli ukukhula kwakhona okunokonakaliswa yingqele. Zinciphise ekutheneni okuncinci: susa nayiphi na indawo eyomileyo okanye eyonakeleyo kwaye ushiye ukuthena okunamandla xa iqabaka iyancipha..
Okona kuthenwa kumandla okuthena kwenziwa ekupheleni kobusika okanye ekuqaleni kwentlakohlaza, kanye phambi kokuba kuqale ukukhula kwezityalo. Ehlotyeni, ukuthenwa okuphakathi kunokwenziwa ukuhlanganisa isityalo kunye nokukhuthaza ukudubula kweentyatyambo. Ekwindla, emva kweentyantyambo ezinkulu, ukucheba okuthambileyo kunceda, kodwa ngaphandle kokushiya kungenanto ukuba kusekho imozulu ebandayo ngaphambili..
Xa usikwa, bulala iintsholongwane kwizixhobo zakho kwaye wenze ukusika kwe-bevel ecocekileyo. Musa ukugqithisa ngokunciphisa phakathi ebusika: kungcono ukugcina isigqubuthelo samagqabi, esikhusela kwaye sithintele ukubanda ukuba kungene ngokunzulu. Khumbula ukuba ukuthena kusisixhobo sokuqina kunye neentyatyambo, kodwa ukuthenwa kwexesha elibi kunokusenza buthathaka isityalo..
Ukutyala: nini, phi kwaye njani
Elona xesha lilungileyo lokutyala i-verbenas Kusentlakohlaza, emva kokuba umngcipheko weqabaka ukhutshiwe. Ngale ndlela, banalo lonke ixesha elifudumeleyo eliphambi kwabo ukuba bathathe iingcambu kwaye babethe phantsi. Ukutyala i-verbenas entwasahlobo Oku kufanelekile; kuphephe ukutyala phakathi ebusika; ukuba akukho lunye ukhetho, khusela kakuhle kwaye ukhethe ikona enobumnene ngokweqondo lokushisa.
Indawo kufuneka ibe nelanga kwaye ichithwe kakuhle. Kwiintyatyambo, gcina ipateni yokutyala malunga ne-25 ukuya kwi-30 centimeters phakathi kwezityalo, ezikhuthaza ukungena komoya kunye nokunciphisa i-fungus. Ukuhamba kakuhle komoya kubaluleke njengokukhanya kwelanga..
Ubuchwephesha bulula: tyala ubunzulu obufanayo njengoko babekwisikhongozeli sabo, ugcwalise, uhlale ngaphandle kokudibanisa kakhulu, kunye namanzi ukuhlalisa i-substrate. Kwiimbiza ezinde, beka iingceba zeengqayi zomdongwe phezu kwemingxuma ukuze zingavaleki. Sebenzisa i-substrate elula kwaye musa ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo xa kubandayo..
Ukukhuselwa kwingqele, iqabaka kunye nomoya
Egadini, sebenzisa iisentimitha ezimbalwa ze-organic mulch (inkunkuma yamagqabi, umgquba ovuthiweyo, okanye ixolo) ujikeleze isiqu, ushiye intamo ingagqunywanga. Le mulch ikhusela ubushushu kwaye iphucula amanzi angaphezulu. Ngobusuku obubalulekileyo, gquma ngengubo eshushu okanye uyekele itonela ephantsi ukuba isebenze njengekhaka..
KubongweIqhinga eliphumelelayo kukuhamba. Kufuphi nodonga olunelanga, umoya obandayo uyanda; ukuba kukho ivaranda eqaqambileyo okanye igalari, nangcono. Gwema izinto zangaphakathi ezomileyo ngokufudumeza ngokuthe ngqo: ukuchasana kusohlwayo. Phakamisa imbiza emhlabeni ngemilenze okanye izikhonkwane ukuphucula amanzi kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo yendlela ebandayo..
Umoya womkhenkce uyoma kwaye ubanda; yenza imiqobo (iheji, i-trellises, izikrini zengcongolo) ukunciphisa impembelelo yayo. Kwaye ungalibali ukujonga amanzi phambi kwesiphango: iimbiza ezivalekileyo okanye umhlaba kunye nemozulu ebandayo ilingana nendibaniselwano eyingozi. Ukuba kunekhephu, shukumisa isityalo ngononophelo ukuze ubunzima bungaphuli iziqu zethenda..
Isichumisi: sincinci, kodwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo
I-Verbena ayifuni ngokukodwa xa kuziwa ekuchumeni. Kwiimbiza, ungasebenzisa izichumisi ezilawulwayo ezilawulwayo okanye "ii-cloves" ngexesha leentyantyambo; emhlabeni, ulungiso olubolileyo lwendalo olubolileyo ludla ngokwanela. Ebusika, musa ukuchumisa kakhulu: isityalo sikwi-dormancy ehambelanayo kwaye iityuwa ezigqithisileyo azincedi..
Ukongezwa kwesondlo okuphambili kufuneka kufike ekuqaleni kwexesha lokukhula. Tshatisa ukuchumisa kwakho kunye nomsebenzi wokukhanya kunye nezityalo, hayi kumnqweno wakho wokuwuthambisa. Okuncinci kuninzi ukuba i-substrate kunye ne-drainage yanele..
Ukuzala: imbewu, ukusika kunye nokwahlula
I-Verbena isasazeka kakuhle kwimbewu ngasekupheleni kwebusika okanye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, xa ukukhanya kwelanga kuqala ukuphucula. Hlwayela ezitreyini ezinomhlaba olungileyo, uwugcine ufumile kodwa ungakhukuliswanga, kwaye unika ukukhanya okuninzi. Ukutshintshela ngaphandle kwenziwa xa kungekho mngcipheko weqabaka..
Ukusikwa kukwanika iziphumo ezihle kakhulu: iingcambu zisuka ngokulula kwizikhondo eziphilileyo. Ixesha elihle likwindla kade ukuba unendawo yokuhlala, okanye emva kwexesha lentwasahlobo ukuba ube kwicala elikhuselekileyo. Sebenzisa iihomoni ze-rooting ukuba unazo kunye ne-substrate ekhupha kakhulu..
Ezinye iiverbena zivumela ukwahlulwa kwezigaqa ezivuthiweyo ukuzihlaziya nokufumana izityalo ezitsha. Oku kwenziwa ngcono xa isityalo sisebenza kwaye nemozulu ilungile. Yindlela ekhawulezayo yokuvuselela imizekelo elahlekelwe ngamandla..
Iintyatyambo, ubude kunye nobomi bembiza
Kwiimeko ezipholileyo, iintyatyambo ziqala ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kwaye zingaqhubeka kude kube yikwindla. Kwiimozulu ezipholileyo, ezinye ii-verbena zinokudubula ngamanye amaxesha onyaka. Okukhona ukukhanya kunye nokukhupha amanzi ngcono, ngakumbi ukudubula okuqhubekayo kwaye iya kuba ninzi intyantyambo.
Kwiimbiza, ngokunyamekela kakuhle, iintlobo ezingapheliyo zingahlala iminyaka; unyaka ngamnye uzalisa ngokwawo ixesha ngalinye. Jonga iimpawu zokuguga: iintyatyambo ezimbalwa, ubungakanani obunciphayo, iziqu zemithi, kunye nokukhula kancinci. Ukuhlaziya ukuthenwa kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukwahlula okanye ukusika, kwandisa ubomi bayo obuncedo..
Ukuba ubusika bunzima kwindawo yakho kwaye awukwazi ukufumana ukhuseleko olwaneleyo, qwalasela i-verbena ngexesha lonyaka kwaye uyityale entwasahlobo. Ngezityalo ezintathu okanye ezine ezilandelanayo, umzekelo, unokuvala ibhokisi yefestile okanye umda kunye nomphumo wekhaphethi enemibala. Ukucwangcisa ngokunyanisekileyo ngokwemozulu yakho kuphepha ukuphoxeka.
Uninzi lwezinambuzane kunye nezifo eziqhelekileyo
Ngokubanzi, iverbena yomelele, kodwa kwindawo ezibandayo, ezifumileyo, ukungunda okufana ne powdery mildew kunye ne downy mildew ziyavela, kunye nokubola kweengcambu ukuba zizele ngamanzi. Ukuthintela kubandakanya ukungena komoya, ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo, kunye nokuphuma kwamanzi okugqwesileyo. Kuphephe ukumanzisa amagqabi ekupheleni kosuku kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, sebenzisa uthuli lwesulfure olugunyazisiweyo kulimo oluphilayo..
Phakathi kwezinambuzane, iintwala kunye nezinambuzane zesigcawu zezona zityekele kakhulu. Uhlaselo lwentwala olungephi lunokulawulwa ngamanzi anoxinzelelo; ukuba iyaqhubeka, sebenzisa unyango oluthile. Okukhona isityalo sinamandla kwaye singena kakuhle umoya, kokukhona siya kuba nomtsalane kwizinambuzane ezitshabalalisayo..
Ukujonga rhoqo sesona sixhobo sakho silungileyo: qaphela kwangoko, yenza ngobunono, kwaye unyuke kuphela xa imeko ifuna oko. Susa kwaye utshabalalise iindawo ezichaphazeleke kakhulu ukuphula umjikelo wengxaki. Isityalo esicocekileyo nesikhathalelwe kakuhle siphila ngcono ebusika..
Kutheni i-verbena isifa kunye nendlela yokukhusela
Ezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo zokungaphumeleli kukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo, ukukhupha amanzi amdaka, nokungabikho kokukhanya, kunye neqabaka eqatha kunye nohlaselo lomngundo. Kukho neempazamo zolawulo: ukuthenwa okungqongqo ngexesha elingalunganga okanye ukubeka umthi kwiidrafti ezibandayo. Chonga oyena nobangela kwaye uwulungise njengento ephambili: ngokuqhelekileyo kukho iqela elinoxanduva elicacileyo.
Iresiphi yokunciphisa imingcipheko yasebusika ilula: amanzi amancinci, ilanga elininzi, i-substrate elula, kunye nokukhuselwa ngexesha lemozulu ebanda kakhulu. Ukuba uyazinyamekela ezi ntsika zine, enye into yokulungelelanisa kakuhle iinkcukacha. I-verbena engena ebusika isempilweni kwaye ihlangene iphuma ebusika ilangazelela ukuqhakaza..
Ukusetyenziswa kunye neempawu zeverbena (Igadi eSebenzayo)
Ukongeza kwixabiso layo lokuhombisa, i-verbena iye yacatshulwa ngokwembali yokusetyenziswa kwayo kwendabuko. Nangona kunjalo, ngeenjongo zokulima, kubalulekile ukugxila kulawulo olululo lwezolimo.
Impumelelo ye-verbena ayixhomekeke "ekuvuseleleni" izichumisi okanye ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithiseleyo, kodwa ekugcineni ibhalansi rhoqo: Ulawulo olunengqiqo noluthe gqolo lunika iziphumo ezingcono kunongenelelo oluqatha nolwenziwa manqaphanqapha. Isitshixo kubomi bayo kukukhupha, ukukhanya kunye nokukhusela okwaneleyo.
Ukuba uyenzile le kude, ngoku unalo lonke ulwazi oludingayo ukunika i-verbena yakho yonke inkathalo kunye nothando oluyidingayo, ngakumbi ebusika. Ngokuqinisekileyo, iya kukuvuza ngawo wonke umbala kunye nomlingo owuzisayo kwigadi yakho.