Ukuba uke wabanika i-succulents yakho "i-sip" eyongezelelweyo yamanzi ngemini eshushu okanye uyibeke elangeni elitshisayo ucinga ukuba ubenzela inceba, oku kungenxa yakho. Ehlabathini le-succulents, ubuncinci bungaphezuluUkululama kakhulu kudla ngokukhokelela kwiingcambu ezifuthanisiweyo, amagqabi atshileyo, okanye izityalo ezoluliweyo eziphulukana nokumila kwazo.
Ngezantsi isikhokelo esicacileyo nesithe ngqo sokuphepha iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo, ngokugxilwa ngokukhethekileyo kwi i-substrate drainage kunye nokulungelelanisa i ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo ebusikaSiqokelele iingcebiso eziphambili: njani amanzi nzulu Kwaye ngokukhuselekileyo, yintoni umxube we-substrate onokukhetha kuyo, kutheni iimbiza ezinemingxuma yamanzi zibalulekile, zingakanani ukukhanya ezifunekayo, kwaye nini ukuchumisa ngaphandle kokugqithisa.
1. Ukunkcenkceshela okucwangcisiweyo kakubi: ikhalenda iyakhohlisa
I-Succulents igcina amanzi kumagqabi kunye neziqu, ngoko ayifuni ukunkcenkceshelwa rhoqo. Kwiimozulu ezomileyo, nokuba umhlaba uziva womile emva kweentsuku ezimbini, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uwankcenkceshele. nyamezela ubuncinane iintsuku ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-8 phambi kokunkcenkceshela kwakhona. Kwiindawo ezifumileyo, sebenzisa uvavanyo lwentonga yomthi okanye ufake umnwe: ukuba kusapholile, linda iintsuku ezimbalwa; izityalo zakho aziyi kufa ngenxa yokuswela amanzi ngokukhawuleza, kwaye Ukugqithisa kuyingozi kakhulu..
Eyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo kukunkcenkceshela okunzulu: cwilisa umhlaba ngokucokisekileyo de amanzi aphume emingxunyeni, uze uvumele umxube wome ngokupheleleyo. Le nkqubo ilinganisa ukuna kwemvula ngamaxesha athile. Indawo yokuhlala yendalo kwaye inceda iingcambu ukuba zomelele. Ukuba imbiza ayinamngxuma wokukhupha amanzi, manzisa kancinci kwaye sebenzisa i-substrate ene-porous kakhulu (ilitye le-perlite okanye i-pumice ngomlinganiselo ophezulu), kuba Naliphi na i-puddle emiyo inokubola isiseko.
Ngexesha lasebusika, i-succulents ezininzi zinciphisa umsebenzi wazo (ixesha lokulala). Ngokunyuka komphunga omncinci kunye nokukhula okuncinci, iimfuno zabo zamanzi ziyehla. Ukunkcenkceshela kuhlehliswe de umhlaba wome ngokupheleleyo, kananjalo Yongeza umda wokulinda owongezelelweyo phambi kokunkcenkceshela kwakhona. Esi silumkiso singundoqo xa kubanda kwaye kukho ukufuma okuphezulu.
Iimpawu zokunkcenkceshela: amagqabi athambileyo, aguquguqukayo, atyheli ngequbuliso, iziseko ezimnyama, okanye ukuhla kwamagqabi okungachazwanga. Iimpawu zokungena ngaphantsi kwamanzi: amagqabi ashwabeneyo, inkangeleko ethobileyo, kunye nokukhula okudodobala. Phakathi kwezi zinto zimbini zigqithisayo, umthetho wegolide uyasebenza: Kungcono ukwenza impazamo kwicala lokulumkisa kunokuba ugqithise.. Ukubuyisela amanzi emanzini kulula; hlangula ingcambu ebolileyo, hayi.
- Ingcebiso ekhawulezayo: Phakamisa imbiza; ukuba ilula kwaye umhlaba ukhululekile, mhlawumbi ufuna ukunkcenkceshelwa. Ukuba inzima kwaye umhlaba uyabanda, linda.
- I-Flexible frequency: Ngexesha lokukhula okusebenzayo baya kufuna amanzi amancinci; ngexesha lokuphumla, ukukhupha amanzi kuthintela iintlekele.
2. Ukukhutshwa kwamanzi kunye ne-substrate: i-duo egcina iingcambu
Ukukhetha imbiza elungileyo kunye nomxube wokubumba yi-50% yomlo. Iingqayi ezinemingxuma yokuhambisa amanzi ziyimfuneko kwi-succulents: ngaphandle kokuhamba kwamanzi afanelekileyo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ibhodwe lihle kangakanani, udlala i-roulette yaseRashiya kunye neengcambu. Ukuba usebenzisa ikhava evaliweyo ngenxa yezizathu zobuhle, faka imbiza enemingxuma yokuhambisa amanzi ngaphakathi kwaye Susa amanzi amaninzi ngokukhawuleza emva kokunkcenkceshela ukuphepha ukugcwala kwamanzi.
Ukuba awunayo enye indlela ngaphandle kokutyala kwisikhongozelo esingenawo amanzi, sisebenza kuphela nge-ultra-aerated substrate (ipumice eninzi okanye iperlite, negrabile yentaba-mlilo) kunye nokunkcenkceshela okonga kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ayifanelekanga. Ekuqhubekeni, ukuqokelelana kweetyuwa nokufuma Ekugqibeleni, ithatha ubunzima bayo.
I-substrate kufuneka ibe khaphukhaphu kwaye ibe namasuntswana arhabaxa avumela amanzi kunye nomoya ukuba kudlule. Cinga ngomahluko phakathi komhlaba wodongwe kunye nomxube wesanti erhabaxa, ifayibha yekhokhonathi, amaxolo, kunye namalungu adumbileyo: ngaphambili, iigranuli ezincinci ziyadibana kwaye zigcine amanzi; ekugqibeleni, Kukho izikhewu ezivumela umoya ukuba ujikeleze. Kwaye amanzi akami. Kungenxa yoko le nto i-substrates etyebileyo kwi-peat ayilona khetho lungcono kwii-succulents.
Isiseko esisebenzayo: umxube we-cactus + isanti yesilika okanye igrabile entle + iperlite okanye ipumice. Okukhona imozulu yakho ifumile, kokukhona uya kufuna imathiriyeli engasebenziyo kunye nenerhashalala. Abavelisi abaninzi bahluza imixube yabo ukuze basuse amasuntswana amahle anokuthi avale iipores; ukuba ubona uthuli, zihluze ngokwakho phambi kokuba uyisebenzise.
Ubungakanani bembiza bubalulekile. I-succulent encinci ebhodweni elikhulu iqokelela i-substrate eninzi kunokuba iingcambu zayo zinokuhlola, zigcina umswakama ongeyomfuneko. Khetha izikhongozeli ezihambelana nomthamo weengcambu kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe wandise ubungakanani ngokuphinda kuphindwe. Oku kuya kuthintela isityalo ukuba "singaseli kakhulu" rhoqo xa usinkcenkceshela. Uya kunciphisa umngcipheko wokubola..
Kuphephe ukushiya iisosi zamanzi phantsi kweembiza zakho: loo puddle engabonakaliyo idala umphumo wembiza ngaphandle kokukhupha amanzi. Ukuba usebenzisa isosari, yikhuphe kwimizuzu embalwa emva kokunkcenkceshela. Kwaye ukuba imbiza yakho inemingxuma emincinci yokuhambisa amanzi, ungoyiki ukuyandisa (i-drill for ceramic, hot soldering iron for plastic). Ukukhupha amanzi kakuhle kuqala ngokuphuma kwesisa..
Unokwazi njani ukuba umxube wakho wokubumba awusebenzi? Ukuba i-substrate ithatha ngonaphakade ukuba yome emva kokunkcenkceshela, okanye ukuba ubona iphunga le-musty eliqhubekayo, lixesha lokujonga iresiphi. Imozulu nayo idlala indima: ebusika obubandayo, obumanzi basemantla, umxube kufuneka uvulwe ngakumbi kuneendawo ezifudumeleyo, ezipholileyo, apho. Iimbiza zeentyatyambo zoma ngokukhawuleza..
- Amalungu alungele ukuthuthwa kwamanzi: ilitye le-pumice, i-perlite, isanti ye-silica, i-volcanic gravel, i-pine bark, i-coconut fiber.
- Amacandelo ukumodareyitha okanye ukuphepha: I-peat entle kakhulu, umhlaba onzima oxineneyo.
3. Ukukhanya: hayi ilanga elibukhali okanye ubumnyama
Ukukhanya sisibaso kwi-succulents yakho. Abaninzi bafuna ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo phakathi kweeyure ezi-4 nezi-6, ilanga lakusasa elipholileyo kunelanga lasemva kwemini. Ukukhanya okungonelanga kubangela izityalo ezinemilenze emilenze kunye nemibala engacacanga; ilanga elithe ngqo kakhulu ngaphandle kokuqhelana ngokufanelekileyo kunokukhokelela ekugqatseni. Lungisa indawo yabo ngokufanelekileyo. Ayizizo zonke iintlobo zezilwanyana ezinyamezela izinto ezifanayo..
Imizekelo eluncedo: Echeveria, Sedum kunye ialoe vera Ngokuqhelekileyo baxabisa iiyure ezininzi zokukhanya kwelanga, ngelixa i-Haworthia ikhetha ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo kodwa okuhluziweyo. Ukuba unokubanika ilanga lasemva kwemini kuphela, jonga indawo enembonakalo engaphelelanga okanye umthunzi okhanyayo ngexesha lezona ndawo zishushu emini; Le ndlela uphepha isiphumo seglasi yokukhulisa oko kutshisa amagqabi.
Impazamo yakudala lutshintsho olukhawulezileyo ekutyhilekeni. Ukusuka kwindawo enomthunzi wangaphakathi ukuya kwilanga eligcweleyo ngosuku olunye yindlela yokutshisa ilanga. Yandisa kancinci kancinci: yongeza malunga neyure yokukhanya kwelanga ngqo ngeveki kwaye ujonge. Oku kuqhubela phambili kuvumela isityalo ukuba silungelelanise i-photosynthesis yayo kwaye sivelise i-pigments ekhuselayo (i-anthocyanins) esebenza njenge "sunscreen." Kwiiveki nje ezimbalwa, Ukunyamezela kuyanda ngaphandle kokwenzakala.
Qwalasela ubunzulu belanga obusekelwe kwisibanzi nakwixesha lonyaka. Ilanga lasebusika elipholileyo emzantsi lisenokunyamezeleka emini emaqanda; elalanga linye ehlotyeni, emantla, linokutshisa ngemizuzu. Xa usiva iingcebiso kwimidiya yoluntu, zilungelelanise nemozulu yakho. Umxholo kunye nomgaqo woqwalaselo.
Iimpawu ezilumkisayo: Ukuba i-succulent yakho iphulukana nokumila kwayo okukuko kwaye iyolula ikhangela ukukhanya (etiolation), ifuna ukukhanya okungakumbi. Kwelinye icala, amachokoza omileyo, amdaka ngebala kumagqabi angaphandle abonisa ukutshiswa lilanga. Lungisa indawo yayo kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, sebenzisa umthunzi oyingxenye ngexesha lokufudumala kwamaza ukukhusela. gcina umbala kunye ne-turgor.
4. Ukuphatha kunye nokugcinwa: ukutshintshwa, ukulungelelanisa kunye nobushushu
Emva kokuba ezithengile, zinike iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuze zilungelelanise ngobunono. Kuphephe ukunkcenkceshela kwangoko xa ufika, ulibazise ukukhanya kwelanga, kwaye ujonge naziphi na izitshabalalisi ezifihlakeleyo. Eli xesha lifutshane "lokuvalelwa" linciphisa izinto ezimangalisayo kwaye linceda isityalo ukuba sibuyele. ukuziqhelanisa nendawo yakho entsha noxinzelelo oluncinci.
Ukubuyisela kwakhona enye ingongoma ebalulekileyo. Intwasahlobo idla ngokuba lelona xesha lilungileyo lokuhlaziya umxube wembiza kunye nokwandisa ubungakanani bembiza ngesiqingatha sobungakanani ukuba kuyimfuneko. Phatha iingcambu ngononophelo, susa naziphi na iindawo ezibolileyo, kwaye ugweme ukudibanisa umxube wokubumba kakhulu: ingcamango kukushiya izithuba zomoya. Ukuba kuye kwafuneka ukuba uchebe iingcambu okanye ususe naziphi na izigawuli njengenyathelo lokhuseleko, vumela amanxeba ome ngaphambi kokuba unkcenkceshelwe ukuthintela usulelo. Ukunkcenkceshela kokuqala emva kokutshintshwa kufuneka kube yimodareyitha..
Ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwanowona mxube ubalaseleyo wokugada uyawohloka. Isithethe sohlaziyo sonyaka sigcina umoya ukwimeko entle kwaye ukhusela amasuntswana amahle ekuvaleni imingxunya. Cwangcisa ukujonga imbiza yasentwasahlobo: hlaziya umxube, ujonge iingcambu, kwaye ukuba amanzi amdaka, Thatha eli thuba ukuyila ngokutsha inkonkxa.
Lumkela utshintsho olukhawulezileyo lobushushu. Iisucculents ziyasokola xa zisuka kwindawo efudumeleyo ziye kwingqele eqhaqhazelisa amazinyo ngequbuliso. Ziphephe iidrafti zomkhenkce, zikhusele kwiqabaka, kwaye ungazibeki kufutshane neeradiyetha. Izothuso zobushushu zicinezela isityalo, zicothisa ukukhula kwaso, kwaye zenza buthathaka ukhuseleko lwaso; isityalo esinoxinzelelo kunokwenzeka ukuba sife. i-fungi kunye ne-mealybugs.
Kwaye ingongoma abaninzi abayijongiyo: yazi ukuba luhlobo luni lwe-succulent onalo. Uhlobo ngalunye lunemfuno ezithile zokunkcenkceshela, ukukhanya, kunye nobushushu. Ngokuchongwa okusisiseko (i-genus kwaye, ukuba kuyenzeka, iintlobo), uya kukwazi ukwenza ngcono ngakumbi ukhathalelo lwayo kunye Uya kuziphepha izikhokelo zamayeza enziwe afana nalawo aveliswe ngabenzi angangeni..
5. Isondlo kunye nempilo: izichumisi kunye nezitshabalalisi ziphantsi kolawulo
Xa kuthethwa ngokuchumisa, ukumodareyitha ngundoqo. Ishedyuli elungeleleneyo ngexesha lokukhula (intwasahlobo nehlobo), ukufaka isichumiso rhoqo kwiiveki ezi-4-6 kunye ne-cactus kunye ne-succulent formula exutywe emanzini, yenza imimangaliso. Gcina isichumisi ngexesha lokulala okanye kwimozulu ebandayo. Ukongeza izondlo xa zingakhuli akunamveliso.
Ukuba uchumisa kakhulu, uya kufumana izikhondo eziqhwalelayo, ukukhula okungalinganiyo, kunye nokwakhiwa kwetyuwa kwi-substrate. Ngaphaya koko, initrogen egqithisileyo yenza incindi ibe nomtsalane ngakumbi kwizitshabalalisi ezifana neentwala kunye ne-mealybugs. Izilungiso ezingaboli kakuhle zikwakhuthaza ukukhula komngundo kunye neembuzane zomngundo eziqhelekileyo. Kule meko, "kungcono ngakumbi" isiluleko esibi. Ingcono kancinci kwaye isasazwe kakuhle.
Kwelinye icala, ukungaze ukuchumisa kunokusishiya isityalo siluthuthu, singasebenzi, kwaye sidubula kancinci. Ukuba i-substrate yakho ine-inert kakhulu kwaye unkcenkceshela ngayo amanzi aphantsi amamineraliIbandakanya isondlo esithambileyo kunye nesihambelanayo ngexesha lexesha elisebenzayo. Ukufumana ukuba ukulinganisela kunceda ukugcina i-rosettes edibeneyo, imibala eqaqambileyo, kunye iingcambu ngamandla.
Izinambuzane eziqhelekileyo: i-mealybugs (zombini isikali kunye ne-shelled scale), i-aphids, kunye ne-opportunistic fungi. Jonga i-axils yeqabunga kunye ne-undersides rhoqo, ngakumbi emva kokuthenga okanye ukufuduswa. Kwi-infestation yokuqala, hlambulula ngesandla kwaye usebenzise isepha ye-potassium; kwi-mealybugs yendawo, i-cotton swab ene-isopropyl alcohol isebenza kakuhle. Ukuhlaselwa okukhulu, sebenzisa i-oyile ye-neem okanye unyango oluthile, rhoqo ukuphepha ukukhanya kwelanga kunye nokuqinisekisa ukungena komoya okulungileyo. amagqabi oma ngokukhawuleza.
Uthintelo lungundoqo: kunqande ukugcwala kwamanzi, qinisekisa ukujikeleza komoya, gcina izityalo ziqelelene, kwaye ugweme ukumanzisa irosette ekupheleni kosuku kwimozulu ebandayo. Inkqubo yeengcambu esempilweni, kwi-substrate ene-aerated kakuhle kunye nokunkcenkceshela okunengqiqo, iyaxhathisa kakhulu kwiintsholongwane kwaye ziphephe isiphumo domino yokubola.
Ekugqibeleni, konke kuhla ekuphulaphuleni: ukukhutshwa kwamanzi okufanelekileyo, ukunkcenkceshela okuchanekileyo, ukondla okunengqondo. Ngokuqwalaselwa okuncinci, intlungu yengcambu iyancibilika. Kwaye luxolo lwangaphakathi, laa mpilo ifihliweyo, ezibonakalisa kuwo onke amagqabi. I-succulent yakho iba ngumboniso ogqibeleleyo wendlela oyikhathalele ngayo. Konwabele oko kukhanya!
