Ukuthena ngomnye wemisebenzi isisiseko kukhathalelo lwamahlahla erozi, nokuba unazo egadini okanye ezimbizeni. Ukwenza ngokuchanekileyo kubalulekile ukugcina impilo, amandla, kunye nobuhle besityalo, ngoko ke ukufumana iintyatyambo ezininzi nezinkulu ixesha emva kwexesha. Kwelinye icala, ukuthenwa ngendlela engafanelekanga kunokuwenza buthathaka irosebush, kuyiyeke ibe sesichengeni sokugula, kuze kunciphise kakhulu iintyatyambo.
Kweli nqaku libanzi uya kufunda Nini kwaye njani ukuthena amahlahla erose, zeziphi izixhobo kunye nezixhobo ozidingayo, iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezixhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-rose, kunye nendlela yokusebenzisa inkunkuma yokuthena. Siza kubonelela ngezona ngcebiso zihlaziyiweyo kunye nezibanzi malunga nokuthenwa kwerose, ukuze ukwazi ukuwenza lo msebenzi ngokuzithemba kwaye ufezekise ezona ziphumo zibalaseleyo.
Kutheni le nto kubaluleke kangaka ukuthena amahlahla erozi?
Ukuthena amahlahla erozi a eyona nkqubo iphambili yokwenza ubomi nokuntshula kwesityaloUkususa amasebe afileyo, anesifo, awela, okanye abuthathaka kukhuthaza ukujikeleza komoya, ukungena ukukhanya, kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko we-fungi kunye nezinambuzane. Ngaphaya koko, ukuthenwa okufanelekileyo kukhuthaza ukuvela kwamahlumelo amatsha kwaye kulawula ukukhula kwesihlahla, ukubumba ubume baso ngokwendawo ekhoyo.
Ukuba awuyi kuthena iirozi zakho, uya kugqiba ngesihlahla esixubileyo esinamahlumela abuthathaka kunye neentyatyambo ezincinci. Isityalo siya kuchitha amandla aso sigcina amasebe angavelisi mveliso endaweni yokugxila ekuveliseni iintyatyambo ezinkulu nezisempilweni. Ngoko ke, ukuthena kubaluleke ngokufanayo njengokunkcenkceshela, ukufaka isichumisi, kunye nokutshiswa lilanga.
Kufuneka zithenwe nini iirozi? Imihla ecetyiswayo kunye nezithintelo
Khetha i ixesha elifanelekileyo lokuthena rosebush Ukuthena kubalulekile ukuthintela umonakalo kunye nokukhuthaza ukudubula kweentyatyambo. Elona xesha lifanelekileyo liyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimozulu, iqabaka, kunye nodidi lwerozi. Imithetho jikelele yile:
- Ukuthenwa okungundoqo (ukwenziwa okanye ukuvuselela): Yenziwe ekupheleni kobusika okanye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kanye xa iiqabaka eziqatha zigqithile kwaye phambi kokuba isityalo siqale ukuhluma okusebenzayoNgale ndlela, irosebush inokunikela ngawo onke amandla ayo ekukhuleni okutsha okuqinileyo, okuzaliswe ziintyatyambo.
- Ukuthena kwiindawo ezinemozulu epholileyo: Ukuba ubusika buncinci, ukuthenwa kunokwenziwa phakathi ebusika, kusetyenziswe ithuba lokulala, elinciphisa uxinzelelo kwisityalo.
- Ukuthena kwiindawo ezinobusika obubandayo: Kwiindawo ezineqhwa elide, kungcono ukulinda kude kube sekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, xa kungekho mngcipheko wokulimala okubandayo.
- Ukuthena emva kokudubula kweentyatyambo: Iirozi ezininzi zale mihla eziphinda zidubule ziyakuxabisa ukuthenwa kakuhle. nje ukuba iintyatyambo eziphambili ziphelile (ngokuqhelekileyo ekupheleni kwehlobo kwaye kwakhona ekwindla), ukuvuselela iliza lesibini leentyatyambo kunye nokugcina isityalo sihlangene.
Kwiiroses ezindala okanye i-rose-flowering roses, ukuthenwa ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwa emva kweentyatyambo, ekubeni ezi ndidi zityatyamba kumasebe onyaka ophelileyo. Ukuba zithenwa ebusika, amathupha aza kutyatyamba kwintlakohlaza elandelayo aya kususwa.
Ukuthenwa kwesondlo: isitshixo kwimpilo yonyaka wonke
Ukongeza kwi-pruning enzima yonyaka, i-rose bush ixabisa ungenelelo lolondolozo oluncinci kulo lonke ixesha lokukhula:
- Ukususa iintyatyambo ezibunile: Ukususa iirozi ezifileyo kanye xa ziqala ukuthotywa kukhuthaza ukuveliswa kweentyatyambo ezintsha ze kuthintele ukuvela kweziqhamo (rosehips), eziphelisa amandla esi sityalo. Ukusikwa kufuneka kwenziwe ngentla kwegqabi elipheleleyo elinamagqatyana amahlanu okanye ngaphezulu kweqhuma langaphandle, kwi-engile emalunga nama-5° ukuququzelela ukukhupha amanzi.
- Ukususwa kwamasebe omileyo, awonakeleyo okanye anesifo: Ezi kufuneka zisuswe nanini na xa zibhaqiwe, nangaphandle kwexesha elingundoqo lokuthena, ukunqanda ukwanda komngundo okanye izitshabalalisi.
- Ukususwa kweSucker: Iisuckers zingamasebe anamandla, akholisa ukubukeka okwahlukileyo (anameva kunye namagqabi ahlukeneyo), ahluma ukusuka kwisiseko se-rootstock. Kubalulekile ukuzisusa ngokuzisika kufutshane nesiphunzi, njengoko zikhuphisana ngezondlo kwaye zinokusenza buthathaka isityalo.
Izinto ezibalulekileyo kunye nezixhobo zokuthena iirozi
Bala kuye izinto ezifanelekileyo Ayenzi nje ukuthena kube lula, kodwa ikwaphucula ukuchaneka kunye nokhuseleko:
- Izikere zokuthena ii-anvil: Ifanelekile kumasebe ukuya kwi-2,5 cm ubukhulu kunye nokunqunyulwa okuchanekileyo; baqinisekisa ukusikwa okucocekileyo kwaye banqande ukukrazula.
- Izikere zokuthena nge-Bypass: Kunconywa ukusika okuluhlaza kunye nokuthenwa ukucoca okanye ukususa iintyatyambo.
- Izikere zeTelescopic: Iluncedo kakhulu kwiirozi ezinkulu okanye ezinyukayo ezifuna ukufikelela okukhulu.
- Iiglavu ezishinyeneyo: Ilungele ukuphepha iipunctures ezivela emeveni, kunye nokukhusela ekusikeni okunokwenzeka.
- Imikhono emide kunye neeglasi zokhuseleko: Kucetyiswa ukuba uthintele ukusikeka kwaye ukhusele ulusu kunye namehlo kumasebe anokuthi axhume ngokungalindelekanga.
- Unama unama: Kucetyiswa kakhulu ukutywina amanxeba angqingqwa kunye nokuthintela usulelo lomngundo.
- Utywala kwikhemesti: Ukubulala iintsholongwane kuzo zonke izixhobo ngaphambi nasemva kokuthena, ngakumbi ukuba izifo ziyarhanelwa.
Indlela yokuthena iirozi inyathelo ngenyathelo: ubuchule kunye neengcebiso ezisebenzayo
1. Ukulungiswa kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane kwezixhobo
- Ukubulala iintsholongwane kuzo zonke izikere zakho, isarha kunye nezinye izixhobo ngotywala kwaye uqiniseke ukuba zibukhali.
- Nxiba iiglavu ezomeleleyo kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, imikhono emide kunye nezibuko.
2. Ukuchongwa kwamasebe aza kupheliswa
- Mfutshane onke amasebe afileyo, anesifo okanye awonakeleyo isezantsi kangangoko, ngokukhethekayo ngaphezu kweqhina elisempilweni, elijonge ngaphandle.
- Susa anqamlezileyo, abuthathaka okanye amasebe akhula ukuya kumbindi wesityalo ukukhuthaza a isakhiwo esivulekileyo nesingena umoya, okunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo.
- Susa iisuckers, ngakumbi kwiirozi ezigxunyekiweyo, ukuphepha ukhuphiswano namasebe afunekayo.
3. Ukwenza ezona ndlela ziphambili zokuthenwa
- Kumasebe aphambili asempilweni, yenza amanxeba ngaphezulu nje kwehlumela elijonge ngaphandle, kwi-angle ye-45 °, ishiya phakathi kwe-3 kunye ne-5 i-buds ukuba isebe linamandla, kwaye ubuncinane i-2-3 kuncinci.
- Musa ukushiya izikhondo okanye amasebe aphukileyo, njengoko anokuba yindawo yokungena kwi-fungi.
- Susa amasebe amadala kakhulu, ubeke endaweni yawo ngamahlumelo amancinci anamandla.
4. Ukusetyenziswa kwentlama yokuphilisa kunye nokucoca okokugqibela
- Khusela amanxeba angqindilili ngentlama ephilisayo ukuvala amanxeba kwaye uthintele usulelo.
- Coca kwaye ugcine izixhobo emva kokuthena.
Ukuthena iintyatyambo ezibunileyo
Ukugcina intyatyambo kunye nempilo ye-rose bush, yinqumle iintyatyambo ezomileyo ecaleni kwesiqu esizixhasayo. Ukuba ufuna ukunciphisa ubude besebe kwaye ukhuthaze amahlumelo amatsha, sebenzisa izikere ze-anvil kwaye zibulale iintsholongwane phambi nasemva kokusetyenziswa ngakunye.
Umahluko ekutheneni ngokohlobo lwe-rose bush
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeerozi, kwaye iqela ngalinye linokufuna indlela ethile yokuthena ukuze kwandiswe impilo kunye neentyatyambo.
Ukuthena iirozi zangoku (iti ye-hybrid, i-floribunda, i-polyantha)
- Ukuthenwa okuphambili kufuneka kwenziwe ekupheleni kobusika, xa amathupha eqala ukudumba kodwa engekaveli. Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe, bona Indlela yokuthena iirozi zeti eyihybrid.
- Imixube yeti: Shiya phakathi kweziqu ezi-3 kunye ne-6 eziphambili, kunye ne-3 ukuya kwi-5 ye-buds nganye, ususa iziqu ezindala okanye ezibuthathaka.
- Floribunda, polyantha, multiflora: Khuthaza ukuvuselela ngokususa zonke iziqu ezindala kwisiseko kwaye uchebe ezintsha ukuya kwisibini kwisithathu sobude bazo, ushiye phakathi kwe-6 kunye ne-8 buds.
- Kwimeko yeentlobo ezomeleleyo (ezifana nezinye iirozi ze'La Sevillana'), ungazishiya izikhondo ezitsha ziphantse zakhula ukuze ufumane inani elikhulu leentyatyambo.
Ukuthena iirozi ezindala kunye nezityalo
- Ezi zihlahla zerozi zihlala zidubula iinkuni ezindala, oko kukuthi, ukukhula ukusuka kunyaka ophelileyo. Ngoko ke, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uwathene kuphela ukususa amasebe awomileyo, anesifo, okanye aphitheneyo nje emva kwexesha leentyantyambo eziphambili. Ulwazi oluninzi ku ixesha lokuthena iirozi ezindala.
- Kwezo zinentyatyambo enye (kanye ngonyaka), kuphephe ukuthena kakhulu ekupheleni kobusika.
- Ukuba ubunzima beentyatyambo bulinganisa amasebe, nciphisa emva kwekota ukuya kwisahlulo sesithathu ukukhuthaza isakhiwo esincinci.
Ukuthena iirozi ezincinci okanye kwipatio
- Ezi roses zincinci zihlala zifuna enye kuphela ukucoca izihlahla emva kokutyatyamba okanye xa amathupha okuqala eqala ukudumba ekupheleni kobusika.
- Qwalasela ukusabela kwesityalo emva kokuthena kwaye ulungelelanise ukuqina ngokokuqina kwaso.
Ukuthena iirozi ezinyukayo
- Los iirozi zangoku zokukhwela Zifuna ukuthenwa kwesondlo emva kweentyantyambo zokuqala entlakohlaza kunye noqeqesho lwamasebe aphambili phambi kokuba abe lignified. Ngobuchule obuthile, jongana Isikhokelo esipheleleyo sokukhwela iirozi.
- Ramblers: Zityatyamba kumaplanga amadala, ngoko ke zifuna ukuthenwa kuphela emva kweentyantyambo kunye nokususa amasebe aphitheneyo ukuba kuyimfuneko.
- Kubalulekile ukususa iintyatyambo ezibunileyo kunye namasebe angavelisi mveliso ukukhuthaza ukudubula kwakhona kunye nokuthintela izifo.
Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo zokuphepha xa usika iirozi
- Ukuthena kwangoko kakhulu: Ukuba uyathena phambi kokuba umngcipheko weqabaka udlule, amathupha amatsha angonakala kwaye unokuphulukana nentyatyambo yalo nyaka.
- Ukuthena okugqithisileyo okanye okulula kakhulu: Ukuthena ngokugqithisileyo kuya kuvelisa amahlumela anamandla kakhulu kodwa aqhame kancinci; ukuthenwa kancinci kunokusishiya isityalo siphithene kwaye sibuthathaka. Lungisa ukuqina ngokokuqina kunye nobudala berozi.
- Musa ukucoca okanye ukubulala iintsholongwane izixhobo: Oku kunokukhokelela ekusasazweni kwezifo phakathi kwezityalo.
- Musa ukususa iisuckers: Ukuwuvumela ukuba ukhule kunokusenza buthathaka kakhulu isityalo kwaye kubangele ukuba isiphunzi sengcambu sihlasele irozi egxunyelelweyo.
- Ukwenza amanxeba angachanekanga: Ngalo lonke ixesha usike ngaphezu kweqhuma elijonge ngaphandle kwaye kwi-engile ethintela amanzi ukuba angafumba phezu kwenxeba.
Ngaba inkunkuma yokuthena ingasetyenziswa? Ukusasazwa ngokusikwa
Ewe, izikhondo eziphilileyo ezifunyenwe ekutheneni zingasetyenziselwa ukusasaza iirozi ngokusika. Khetha icandelo lesiqu esincinci kodwa esele silungile, susa amagqabi asezantsi kwaye untywilisele isiphelo kuwo iihomoni ze-rooting ezinomgubo. Tyala ukusika ebhodweni kunye nomhlaba omanzi, ococekileyo, ugcine ukhuselekile de uphuhlise iingcambu (ngokuqhelekileyo kwiiveki ezi-2-3). Kungcono ukushiya ukusika kwesi sikhongozelo kwisithuba esishiyekileyo sonyaka ukuvumela inkqubo yeengcambu ukuba idibanise phambi kokuba itshintshelwe kwindawo yayo yokugqibela.
Iingcebiso ezongezelelweyo zokuthena kunye nokunyamekela iirozi
- Pruna ngeentsuku ezomileyo, ezinelanga ukunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo lomngundo.
- Zama ukushiya isakhiwo sokugqibela se-rose bush evulekile embindini, kunye namasebe aphambili ajonge ngaphandle, ukukhuthaza umoya wokuphefumla.
- Chuba kwaye unkcenkceshele ngokufanelekileyo emva kokuthena okuphambili, njengoko amahlumela amatsha aya kufuna izondlo ezininzi kunye namanzi ukukhula.
- Ukuba uneentlobo ezahlukeneyo zerozi (ukunyuka, i-miniature, i-antique, yanamhlanje), sebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo okanye uchithe iintsholongwane ngokucokisekileyo phakathi kwesityalo ngasinye ukukhusela ukusasazeka kwezifo.
Ukuthena iirozi bubugcisa obudibanisa ubuchule, ukujonga, kunye nothando lwezityalo. Ukulandela ezi ngcebiso kuya kukunceda ufezekise iirozi ezisempilweni, zomelele, kwaye ziqhakaze ngesisa. Undoqo kukudibanisa ixesha elifanelekileyo, ubuchule obuchanekileyo, kunye nokujongwa ngononophelo kokusebenza kwerosebush emva kokuthenwa ngakunye. Ngale ndlela, ixesha ngalinye lonyaka igadi yakho okanye ithala liya kuqhayisa iirozi zomelele, zintle ngakumbi, kwaye zihlala ixesha elide, ukwenza ukhathalelo lwerozi lube ngomnye wemisebenzi enomvuzo kwihlabathi legadi.
