Uhlobo lweRuscus Iqela lezihlahla ezihlala ziluhlaza ezaziwa ngobuhle bazo, ukuqina, kunye nokulula kokulinywa, izizathu zokuba kutheni bezimise njengokhetho olukhethiweyo lwegadi kunye neendawo ezingaphandle, kunye nokukhula kwiimbiza kunye nezityalo. Ukongeza kwixabiso labo lokuhombisa, i-Ruscus ivelele kwiimpawu zayo zonyango eziphawulekayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwendabuko, okwandisa ukufaneleka kwayo kwigadi kunye nezinye iindawo. Apha ngezantsi, siya kukuxelela nzulu yonke into oyifunayo ukuyazi malunga neempawu zabo, iintlobo, ukusetyenziswa, ukwanda, kunye nokhathalelo ukuze ukonwabele ezi zityalo zisebenza ngeendlela ezininzi kwikhaya lakho okanye egadini.
Yintoni uRuscus? Imvelaphi kunye neempawu eziphambili
URuscus Luhlobo losapho lwe-Asparagaceae, inzalelwane ikakhulu entshona nakumazantsi eYurophu, ummandla weMeditera, iMacaronesia, emantla ntshona Afrika, kunye nenxalenye yempuma yeCaucasus. Kukho iintlobo ezintandathu ezamkelweyo phakathi kolu didi, ngalunye luneempawu ezizivumelayo ukuba zikhule kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo, ukusuka kumahlathi afumileyo nanomthunzi ukuya kwiindawo ezinamatye nomhlaba owomileyo.
I-Ruscus zizihlahla ze-rhizomatous kunye ne-evergreen ezithi kwiintlobo ezininzi zifikelele phakathi kwe-0,4 kunye ne-1,2 yeemitha ukuphakama. Zibonakaliswa ngokuphuhlisa izikhondo zemithi ezikhupha amasebe kwisiseko kunye nemveliso cladodes o iiphyllodes, ezisicaba, izakhiwo eziqinileyo ezinemilo kunye nomsebenzi wamagqabi. Ngokuchaseneyo nenkangeleko, la "magqabi" ngokwenene aguqulwe iziqu ezenza iphotosynthesis; amagqabi okwenyaniso aseRuscus mancinci kakhulu, afana nesikali, kwaye ahlala engabonakali.
Las Iintyatyambo zeRuscus Azibonakali, zincinci, kwaye ziza kwi-shades ukusuka eluhlaza-mhlophe ukuya kwi-violet. Ngokuqhelekileyo azinasini (indoda okanye ibhinqa) ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo, njengoko ezininzi ziyi-dioecious. Emva kokuthunyelwa kwe-pollination, bavelisa iziqhamo ezibonakalayo: amaqunube eglobose anombala obomvu ngokumangalisayo Zivuthwa ngokubanzi ukusuka ekupheleni kwehlobo kude kube kusebusika. La maqunube, nangona ehombise, ayityhefu xa etyiswe kwaye kufuneka agcinwe kude nabantwana kunye nezilwanyana zasekhaya.
Iintlobo kunye neentlobo zeRuscus
Kukho iintlobo ezintandathu ezaziwayo phakathi kohlobo lwe-Ruscus, ukongeza kwezinye iihybrids zendalo. Nganye ibalasele ngeempawu zayo ezincinci ze-morphological kunye ne-adaptive:
I-Ruscus aculeatus (Umtshayelo kaButcher, iRusco, iHolly encinci)
Yeyona ntlobo idumileyo nexhaphakileyo, izalelwa kumahlathi afumileyo nacwengileyo kumbindi weYurophu, kwiMeditera, nakuMntla Afrika. Ihlala ibhidaniswa ne-holly ngenxa yamaqunube ayo abomvu kunye namagqabi aqinile, nangona ezi ziyi-cladodes. Inokukhula phakathi kwama-30 kunye nama-80 eesentimitha, kunqabile ukuba ibe ngaphezu kwemitha enye. Iziqhamo zayo ngamajikijolo abomvu 1-1 cm ububanzi, ixabiseke kakhulu kwimihlobiso yeKrisimesi. Imelana nengqele kakuhle, imelana namaqondo obushushu ukuya kutsho kwi -15ºC.
IRuscus colchicus
Inzalelwane yaseCaucasus, esi sihlahla sihlala siluhlaza sikhula malunga ne-50 cm ubude. I-elliptical cladodes yayo, ukuya kwi-12 cm ubude, kunye neziqhamo ezibomvu ezimile njengequnube ziyenza ibe mnandi kakhulu. Iyaqina ukuya kuthi ga kwi -12°C.
I-Ruscus hypoglossum (ichweba laseAlexandria)
Isasazwe kumbindi nakumazantsi eYurophu, sisihlahla esinebranched, esizalelwa kwimozulu epholileyo kunye nefumileyo, enokufikelela phakathi kwe-50 cm kunye ne-1 yemitha ukuphakama. I-cladodes inkulu kwaye i-lanceolate, iintyatyambo ziluhlaza, kunye namajikijolo abomvu, aqhelekileyo entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni. Ikwanyamezela iqabaka esezantsi ukuya kwi -12°C.
URuscus hypophyllum (uLaureola)
Isityalo esihlala kwi-Peninsula yase-Iberia kunye noMntla Afrika. Ikhula ibe yimitha ubude, ineecladode eziluhlaza, iintyatyambo zobuduna nemazi, kunye namaqunube abomvu. Idla ngokukhetha semi-isithunzi kwaye ukumelana kwayo nokubanda kusezantsi noko, inyamezela ukuya kuthi ga kwi -7ºC.
URuscus x microglossum
Umxube we URuscus hypoglossum y URuscus hypophyllum, ephantsi kakhulu (40 cm ubuninzi), kunye ne-lanceolate green cladodes. E-France nase-Croatia idweliswe njengeentlobo ezihlaselayo. Inyamezela kakuhle ukuya kutsho kwi -12ºC.
URuscus streptophyllus
Ihlala kwiSiqithi saseMadeira, ayifane ikhule ibe mde kuneesentimitha ezingama-40. Iingceba zayo ziluhlaza bumnyama kwaye ivelisa iintyatyambo ezimfusa. Imelana namaqondo obushushu ukuya kutsho kwi-5ºC kwaye ayixhathisi yiqabaka, kwaye kufuneka ikhuselwe ebusika ukuba imozulu iyabanda.
Ukusetyenziswa kokuhombisa, ukuhlobisa kunye nokunyanga kweRuscus
El URuscus Ayixatyiswa ngokubanzi kungekuphela nje ngeempawu zayo zokuhombisa, kodwa nangokusetyenziswa kwayo kumayeza esintu kunye nesityalo esisebenzayo:
- Imihlobiso yeKrisimesi kunye nokulungiswa kweentyatyambo: Ngenxa yokuqina kwayo okuluhlaza kunye namaqunube abomvu, umtshayelo webhula usetyenziswa kakhulu ekuhombiseni iindawo eziphambili, izithupha, nezidanga zeKrismesi, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yenye yezityalo ezigqwesileyo ngeli xesha leholide.
- Ukulima ngaphakathi nangaphandle: Ubungakanani bayo obubambeneyo buyenza ibe yinto efanelekileyo njengesityalo somda, kwiithango eziphantsi, ezigquma iindawo ezinomthunzi, okanye njengomzekelo omnye kwiimbiza kunye nezityalo.
- Iimpawu zonyango: Iingcambu kunye ne-rhizomes yezinye iintlobo, ngakumbi URuscus aculeatus, zizityebi kwi-saponins, i-flavonoids kunye namafutha abalulekileyo. Ngenxa yesenzo sabo vasoprotective, anti-inflammatory kunye ne-diuretic Zisetyenziselwa ukulungiselela ukukhulula iingxaki zokujikeleza (ukungabikho kwe-venous, i-varicose veins, i-hemorrhoids, i-phlebitis, i-edema, njl.). Ukusetyenziswa komlomo okanye ukusetyenziswa okungalawulwayo kwezicatshulwa kufuneka kugwenywe ngaphandle kweliso lonyango ngenxa yetyhefu enokubakho yamajikijolo kunye neengxaki zokugaya ukutya.
- Usetyenziso lwemveli: Amahlumelo amancinci omtshayelo webhula, anxulumene ne-asparagus, aye atyiwa njengemifuno kwezinye iingingqi, kwaye i-cladodes yayisetyenziselwa ukwenza imitshayelo okanye njengesithintelo sendalo kwiimpuku kwi-pantries ngenxa yameva azo.
Indlela yokunyamekela uRuscus? Isikhokelo senyathelo ngenyathelo
- Ubicación: I-Ruscus iguquguquka kakhulu ngokwemiqathango yokuvezwa, kodwa ikhetha i-semi-shade okanye umthunzi okhanyayo, ilungele phantsi komthi okanye kwiindawo ezinokukhanya okuhluziweyo. Ngelixa iyakwazi ukunyamezela ukukhanya kwelanga, inokubonisa ukukhula okuncinci kunye nombala ongaphantsi kwi-cladodes. Kwiindawo ezibandayo kakhulu, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kukhuselwe iintlobo ezixhathisayo, ezifana URuscus streptophyllus, kwindlu eluhlaza okanye ngaphakathi.
- Inkqutyana: Inyamezela umhlaba wecalcareous, clayey okanye acidic kakuhle, nangona ikhetha iindawo ichumile, ikhululekile kwaye ichithwe kakuhle kunye nomxholo ophezulu wezinto eziphilayo. I-mulch, i-worm castings, okanye i-substrate ecebileyo yezondlo yendalo yonke ifanelekile ukuba ikhuliswe embizeni. Kuphephe ukugcwala kwamanzi: Amanzi amaninzi anokubangela ukubola kweengcambu.
- Unkcenkceshelo: Ukunkcenkceshela kufuneka phakathi kwaye rhoqoKungcono ukugcina i-substrate ifumile, unkcenkceshela rhoqo iintsuku ezi-3-4 ehlotyeni kwaye ubeka indawo yokunkcenkceshela ebusika de umphezulu womile. Kubalulekile ukuphepha zombini imbalela ixesha elide kunye nokugqithisa kwamanzi. Izityalo zabantu abadala zinyamezela ukungabikho kwamanzi, ngelixa izityalo ezincinci zifuna ukuqwalaselwa ngakumbi.
- Ukuchumisa: Ngexesha lasentwasahlobo nasehlotyeni, chumisa iRuscus rhoqo kwiiveki ezi-6-8 nge isichumiso esiphilayo (umgquba, ukugalelwa kweentshulube) egadini, okanye ngezichumiso ezingamanzi zezityalo eziluhlaza eziphothiweyo. Oku kukhuthaza ukukhula ngamandla kunye nemveliso yeziqhamo neentyatyambo.
- UkuthenaNangona iyakumela ukuthenwa, kufuneka ibe khaphukhaphu kwaye ingaze ibe ngqongqo. Susa izikhondo ezindala okanye ezonakalisiweyo ekupheleni kobusika, emva kokuba isiqhamo siwile. Ukuthena kakhulu kunokusenza buthathaka isityalo kwaye kuchaphazele ukuhluma kwaso.
- Iindyikitya zokufa nezifo: URusco nguye ukumelana kakhulu nezinambuzane kunye nezifo izityalo zegadi eziqhelekileyo. Ayifane ihlaselwe, nangona ukufuma okugqithisileyo kunokukhuthaza ukukhula kwefungi kwinkqubo yeengcambu.
- Ukuphindaphinda: Ungaphinda uvelise iRusco nge iinqumle zesemi-wood entwasahlobo okanye ehlotyeni, okanye ekupheleni Ukwahlulahlula i-clumps okanye i-rhizomes Ekupheleni kwebusika okanye ekwindla. Ukuhlwayela imbewu kunokwenzeka, kodwa inkqubo icotha kakhulu; imbewu kufuneka ihlulwe kwaye ingantshuli kude kube yintlakohlaza elandelayo. Ukutyala izityalo ezibini zesini esahlukileyo kuqinisekisa ukuveliswa kwamaqunube.
- UkutshintshwaUkuba ikhulile ebhodweni, yibuyisele malunga nayo yonke iminyaka emithathu okanye xa iingcambu zidlula ngaphaya kwesitya. Yenza oku phakathi entwasahlobo, xa amaqondo obushushu ephakathi.
Izilumkiso ezibalulekileyo kunye neengqwalasela
- Ubungozi: I Amaqunube eRuscus anetyhefu ebantwini nakwizilwanyana. Ukuginya kunokubangela ukugabha, urhudo, okanye ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukutya, ngoko ke abantwana kunye nezilwanyana zasekhaya kufuneka bathintelwe ekufikeleleni kwezi ndawo zesityalo.
- Ulondolozo: Ezinye iintlobo, ezifana URuscus aculeatus, baye babona abantu babo bendalo bephela ngenxa yokuvunwa okungakhethiyo kwimihombiso yeKrismesi. Kubalulekile ukuba uhlale uzilima kwizityalo ezifunyenwe ngokusemthethweni kwaye uphephe ukuvuna imizekelo yasendle.
- Ulawulo olunoxanduva: Ngenxa yobunzima kunye nobukhali be-cladodes, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uphathe isityalo ngeeglavu xa usika okanye utshintshe.
Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo malunga neRuscus
- Leliphi elona xesha lilungileyo lokutyala okanye ukusasaza umtshayelo kanosilarha? Ukwahlula kunye nokutshintshwa kwe-rhizomes kunokwenziwa ngasekupheleni kwebusika okanye entwasahlobo. Ukusasazwa ngokusikwa kwakhona kuphumelele entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni. Ukuhlwayela imbewu kucetyiswa ekwindla, emva kwenkqubo yohlulo.
- URuscus uhlala ixesha elingakanani egadini? Zizityalo ezihlala ixesha elide, ezikwazi ukuhlala iminyaka emininzi kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo, kunye nokugcinwa okuncinci.
- Kutheni umtshayelo webhula yam ungavelisi amaqunube? I-Ruscus i-dioecious, ngoko ke izityalo eziziinkunzi kunye nezasetyhini ziyafuneka kwimveliso yeziqhamo. Qinisekisa ukuba unesinye isini ngasinye ukuba ufuna uphawu amaqunube abomvu.
- Ngaba ikhona inxalenye yeRuscus enokutyiwa? Nangona amaqunube anetyhefu kwaye akufuneki atyiwe, amahlumela athambileyo angatyiwa xa sele ephekiwe, afana ne-asparagus. Nangona kunjalo, kusoloko kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuchongwa okufanelekileyo kunye nokulungiselela ngaphambi kokutya.
- Usetyenziswa njani umtshayelo kumayeza endalo? Iingcambu ezomileyo kunye ne-rhizomes zisetyenziswa ngokuyinhloko kwi-infusions kunye namalungiselelo e-topical ukuphucula ukujikeleza kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu ezinxulumene nokungaphumeleli kwe-venous, kodwa rhoqo phantsi kweliso lengcali ngenxa yokwakheka kweekhemikhali.
El URuscus Kungaphezulu kwesihlahla esilula sokuhombisa. Ngenxa yokomelela kwayo, ukuguquguquka, kunye nobuhle, yongeza ixabiso kuzo zombini iigadi kunye nokuhombisa iintyatyambo zangaphakathi. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kumayeza esintu, kunye nezicelo ezinomdla zembali, yenza isityalo esikhethekileyo esifanelwe yindawo ekhethekileyo kuyo nayiphi na indawo eluhlaza. Ngokhathalelo olulula kunye nengqalelo esisiseko, uya kuyonwabela uhlaza lwalo kunye namaqunube abomvu anomtsalane kwigadi yakho okanye kwithala lakho iminyaka.
