El bonsai Kungaphezulu kwesityalo esilula: simele ubugcisa bamandulo bokukhula kwemithi emincinci, ukugcina ukuhambelana, ukulinganisela kunye nobuhle bendalo kwinqanaba elincinci. Ibhonsai nganye ibonisa umonde, ukuzinikela kunye nolwazi, njengoko lufuna ukhathalelo oluchanekileyo ukugcina impilo yakho kunye nobuhle iminyaka emininzi. Ngezantsi, sinikezela a Isikhokelo esineenkcukacha malunga nokhathalelo oluyimfuneko olufunwa yibhonsai ukuze ukwazi ukonwabela obu bugcisa ngempumelelo.
Yintoni ibhonsai kwaye ifanekisela ntoni?
Bonsai Ligama lemvelaphi yaseJapan elithetha ngokuthe ngqo "umthi wetreyi," nangona umkhuba wavela eChina ngaphambi kokuba usasazeke eJapan nakwihlabathi lonke. Ayilohlobo oluthile, kodwa kunoko a nawuphi na umthi okanye isihlahla apho ubuchule busetyenziselwa ukulawula ukukhula kwayo, njengokuthena iingcambu kunye namasebe, i-wiring kunye nokukhula kwiimbiza ezincinci. Ukongeza kumsebenzi wabo wokuhombisa, i-bonsai idibene nayo ithamsanqa, ukunyamezela kunye nobulumko, kwaye ubukho bayo ekhaya bufanekisela ukulinganisela kunye nokudibanisa nendalo.
Ukubekwa ngokufanelekileyo: Ungayibeka phi ibhonsai yakho?
Enye yezona zinto zibaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yebhonsai yakho indawo. Uninzi lwebhonsai lukhetha ukuhlala kwindawo ngaphandle, kumthunzi ophakathi, apho banokuzuza khona ekukhanyeni kwendalo, ukufuma kunye nokutshintsha kweqondo lokushisa.
- Ibhonsai yangaphandle: Yonke imithi evuthulukayo (efana nemaple, i-elm, nerharnati) kunye ne-conifers (umpayini, umjunipha) ifuna imijikelo yamaxesha onyaka. Zibeke ngaphandle, ukuphepha ukukhanya kwelanga ngexesha elishushu kakhulu kwaye uzikhusele kwimimoya enamandla.
- Ibhonsai yangaphakathi: Iintlobo zeTropiki kunye nezityalo, ezifana UFicus, serissa phoetida, UCarmona o i-sageretia, inokugcinwa ngaphakathi, kodwa ifuna ukukhanya okuninzi kwendalo, ukufuma okuphezulu, kunye namaqondo obushushu azinzileyo. Zibeke kufuphi nefestile ejonge emazantsi kwaye kude nedrafti.
Ukuba imeko yangaphakathi yomile, beka iitreyi zamanzi kufutshane nebhonsai okanye ugqume amagqabi ngezitshizi ukwandisa ukufuma.
Ukunkcenkceshela: Nini kwaye njani ukunkcenkceshela ibhonsai?
El ukunkcenkceshela Yenye yezona nkalo zibuthathaka. Akukho maza aqhelekileyo, njengoko kuxhomekeke kwiintlobo, imozulu, i-substrate, kunye nendawo. Undoqo kukubeka iliso kwisiqulatho sokufuma kwe-substrate:
- Jonga umhlaba ngomnwe wakho okanye i-toothpick: ukuba yomile kubunzulu obumalunga ne-2 cm, lixesha lokusela amanzi.
- Ngaphandle: Ehlotyeni, kunokuba yimfuneko ukunkcenkceshela zonke iintsuku ezi-1-2; ebusika, ngakumbi kancinci (malunga neentsuku ezi-4-6).
- Ngaphakathi: Gada ukoma kokusingqongileyo kunye namanzi nanini na xa i-substrate iphantse yomile, ukuthintela ukukhukuliseka kwamanzi.
Soloko unkcenkceshela ukusuka phezulu, uqinisekise ukuba umhlaba ufumile ngokucokisekileyo de amanzi aphume emingxunyeni yokuhambisa amanzi. Ehlotyeni, unokunkcenkceshela ngokuntywiliselwa, untywilisele imbiza malunga nemizuzu engama-30.
Ukuchumisa: Isondlo esibalulekileyo kwibhonsai
Ukuchumisa ngundoqo ekukhuleni nakwimpilo yebhonsai, ekubeni i Iimbiza ezincinci zinciphisa inani lezondlo ezikhoyo.
- Amaxesha onyaka acetyiswayo: Ukususela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ukuya ekupheleni kwehlobo lelona xesha lilungileyo lokuchumisa. Sebenzisa rhoqo izichumisi ezithile for bonsai, kukhethwa ulwelo olulungele ukuhanjiswa.
- Umthamo kunye nobuninzi: Ngalo lonke ixesha ulandela imiyalelo yomenzi kwaye ungaze uchumise kwisubstrate eyomileyo ukuthintela ukutsha kweengcambu.
Khumbula ukuba ngexesha lesigaba sokulala (ekwindla kade kunye nobusika), ininzi yebhonsai ayifuni isichumisi.
Ukutshintshwa kunye ne-substrate utshintsho
El ukufakelwa Kuyimfuneko ukuhlaziya i-substrate kunye nokuthintela iingcambu ekuhlanganiseni, ezinokuchaphazela kakhulu ukuphuhliswa kwebhonsai.
- Ufakelo lokuqala lwenziwa emva konyaka wokuqala. Emva koko, phinda emva kweminyaka emi-2 kwimithi emincinci kwaye rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-3 okanye ngaphezulu kwisampulu yabantu abadala.
- Elona xesha lilungileyo ngu ebusika, ngaphambi nje kokuba i-spring buds iqale ukuqhakaza, xa i-buds ingavuvukalanga. Ngolwazi oluthe kratya, unokujonga inqaku ixesha lokutshintshela ibhonsai.
- Sika ubuninzi be-30% yeengcambu kwaye usebenzise i-substrate ikhupha amanzi kunye ne-aerated (i-akadama, igravel yentaba-mlilo, i-peat, njl.).
Ukuthena kunye nokuqeqeshwa kwebhonsai
La ukuthena Kubalulekile ukugcina imilo kunye nobukhulu bebhonsai yakho, kunye nokukhuthaza ukukhula kwamasebe amatsha kunye namagqabi. Ukuqonda okunzulu kobuchule, ndwendwela icandelo lethu Uyithena njani iAcer palmatum bonsai.
- Uqeqesho lokuthena: lwenziwa ukuchaza isimbo somthi (uthe nkqo, uthambekele, ucasa, njl.njl.).
- Ukuthenwa kwesondlo: susa amagqabi, amagqabi kunye namasebe ephambukayo kuyilo olumiselweyo. Yenza oku kancinci kancinci kwaye ungaze uthene ngaphezulu kwe-30% yecanopy okanye iingcambu ngexesha.
- Sebenzisa izixhobo ezicocekileyo, ezibukhali, kunye nezibulala iintsholongwane.
- I-Pinching (ukunciphisa amahlumela amathenda) kunceda ukujiya amagqabi kunye nokugcina i-silhouette.
Imbiza efanelekileyo kunye nezitayela zebhonsai
La imbiza yeentyatyambo Indawo yebhonsai kufuneka ihambelane nobukhulu bomthi kunye nesimbo. Iingcali zincoma ukuba ububanzi bembiza bube malunga isibini esithathwini sobude womthi, kwaye ubude buphinda-phinda kabini ubukhulu besiqu kwisiseko. Ukongeza, kukho izitayile ezininzi (ezithe tye, ezityibilikayo, ezityibilikayo, umtshayelo, ihlathi, phakathi kwezinye) kunye nobukhulu (ukusuka kuncinci. shito ukuya kuthi ga kwi-8 cm ukuya kwi-imperial enye engaphezulu kwe-130 cm).
Ukuchongwa kweengxaki kunye nezisombululo
Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo kwi-bonsai ziquka:
- Amagqabi awayo: Ngokuqhelekileyo, ngenxa yokunkcenkceshela okungonelanga okanye utshintsho olukhawulezileyo lobushushu.
- Amagqabi amthubi: Ngokuqhelekileyo ibonisa ukunkcenkceshela, ukungabikho kokukhanya okanye ukungabikho kwezondlo ezibalulekileyo.
- Ukoma: Ukuba umhlaba woma ngokukhawuleza, jonga amanzi kwaye ulawule ukukhanya kwelanga.
Ukuba kukho naziphi na iimpawu ezibonakalayo, lungisa ukunkcenkceshela kunye nendawo, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, khangela imeko yeengcambu kunye ne-substrate.
Ukunyamekela ibhonsai ngamava atyebisayo abandakanya ukujonga, ukufunda, nokuziqhelanisa neemfuno ezithile zomzekelo ngamnye. Ngolwazi oluchanekileyo kunye nokuzinikela, nawuphi na umntu onomdla unokunandipha imvisiswano, umonde, kunye ulwaneliseko olunikezelwa ngubugcisa bebhonsai.
Ngaba uyafuna ukufunda ngakumbi malunga nokhathalelo lwebhonsai? Cofa apha ukufumana iingcebiso ezininzi kunye nezixhobo.