I-Perilla njengesityalo sokuhlobisa kunye neyeza: imvelaphi kunye neempawu
IQhuba, ngokwenzululwazi eyaziwa njenge Iifilimu zePerilla, yimifuno evela e-Asiya, ngokukodwa kwimimandla yeentaba yase-China, e-Indiya nakwi-Japan, apho ifumana amagama ahlukeneyo afana I-Black Nettle, i-Shiso, i-Purple Mint, i-Beefsteak Plant, i-Basil yaseJapan kunye nabanye. Yeyosapho ILamiaceae, efanayo rosemary kunye basil, kwaye ibandakanya emhlabeni 20 iintlobo, kuquka Perilla nankinensis, Perilla shimadae, Perilla citriodora kunye nabanye. Ulwakhiwo lwaso seso sityalo se-herbaceous perennial, simile kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo asidluli kwimitha enye ubude, nangona phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo sinokukhula ngakumbi.
Eyona nto inomdla kakhulu kwi UPerilla ngamagqabi ayo a-oval naxandiweyo anokwamkela iithowuni ezisuka kuzo ubumfusa obunzulu ukuya kuluhlaza omnyama kwaye nokuba mnyama, ezinombala oluhlaza, omfusa, ogobileyo, okanye ogudileyo wamagqabi akhoyo. La magqabi anevumba elimnandi kwaye ahombise kakhulu.
Isityalo siyavelisa iintyatyambo ezincinci ezimhlophe okanye ezipinki idityaniswe kwiispikes, nangona ixabiso layo lokuhombisa lilele ikakhulu kumagqabi awo. Iyinxalenye yenkcubeko yokuhombisa yase-Asiya kwaye, kangangeenkulungwane, inkcubeko yaseNtshona ngokunjalo, kunye nexabiso layo elifunyenwe kwiigadi, iibhedi zeentyatyambo, imida, iirockeries, kunye nesityalo esifakwe kwiibhalkhoni kunye neepatio. I-Shiso eyaziwayo yaseJapan, umzekelo, yindlela exabiswa kakhulu yePerilla kwaye isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kuzo zombini ukuhlobisa kunye ne-Eastern cuisine.
Ukukhula kunye nokukhathalela iPerilla frutescens
El Ukulima kwePerila Kulula ukuhamba kwaye ifuna ukukhathalelwa okuncinci, iyenza ibe lukhetho olukhulu kwabo baqala ukusebenza egadini, kunye nakwabo banomdla wokuzilibazisa abafuna isityalo esomeleleyo, esihombisayo. Ukwenzela i Iifilimu zePerilla ikhazimle kubo bonke ubuqaqawuli bayo kubalulekile ukukhathalela imiba ethile ephambili:
- Umboniso: Ifuna ilanga eligcweleyo, eliphucula ubunzulu bombala yamagqabi awo. Nangona ikwazi ukumelana nomthunzi, kwindawo enomthunzi kakhulu iphulukana nokungcangcazela kwamagqabi.
- Ubushushu: Khetha Imozulu eziphakathi, ngamaqondo obushushu aphakathi kwe-15 nama-25 ºC. Yi uvakalelo kwingqele kwaye, kwiindawo apho iqabaka ixhaphake khona, iziphatha njengesityalo sonyaka.
- Umhlaba: Umxube weendawo ezilinganayo zomhlaba wegadi, i-peat, kunye nesanti erhabaxa iyacetyiswa ukuqinisekisa ukukhupha amanzi. Umhlaba kufuneka uchume kwaye ube nobutyebi izinto eziphilayoUkuba ungathanda ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nokukhula kwezityalo zonyango kunye nokuhombisa, sincoma ukuba undwendwele Konke malunga ne-goatee, ukusetyenziswa kunye nezinto ezinomdla.
- Unkcenkceshelo: Ifuna i- Ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo ukugcina i-substrate ihlala ifumile kancinci, ukuphepha ukugcwala kwamanzi. Kwihlobo elishushu kakhulu okanye elomileyo, ukuphindaphinda kunokunyuswa, ngakumbi kwiimbiza.
- Umbhalisi: Kucetyiswa ukuba ungeze umgquba ekupheleni kobusika ukuze utyebise i-substrate kunye ne-mineral fertilizer rhoqo kwiiveki ezimbini entwasahlobo.
- Ukuprintwa: Ayifuni ukuthenwa rhoqo, kodwa kuyacetyiswa ukuba ucinezele iingcebiso zeziqu ukuvuselela ukukhula okuhlangeneyo kunye ne-branched.
- Usasazeko: La ukuhlwayela ngembewu Le yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo. Kufuneka zityalwe entwasahlobo, kumaqondo obushushu aphakathi (malunga ne-18-22 ° C). Zingatyalwa kwindawo yazo yokugqibela xa izithole zomelele ngokwaneleyo.
Kwimozulu epholileyo, iqhelekile into yokuba isityalo sizisasaze ngokwaso kwaye sihlume kwimbewu yaso ngonyaka. Ngokufanelekileyo ukuntshulaKucetyiswa ukuba ungagubungeli imbewu, njengoko ifuna ukukhanya okuthe ngqo, kwaye igcine ibanda ngaphambi kokutyala ukuququzelela inkqubo, kwaye ungasebenzisa ifriji.
La UPerilla Ibonisa ukuchasana okuphawulekayo kwizinambuzane eziqhelekileyo zegadi kunye nezifo, yingakho kuthathwa njengeentlobo ezifanelekileyo kakhulu zokulima eziphilayo kunye nenxalenye yokudibanisa okunenzuzo kwi-flowerbeds kunye nemifuno.
Izibonelelo zonyango kunye neempawu zonyango zePerilla
Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, Iifilimu zePerilla ixabiseke kakhulu kwi iyeza lemveli lasempumalanga njengaseNtshona. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwezonyango kugubungela uluhlu olubanzi lwezigulo, ngakumbi ezo zinxulumene iimeko zokuphefumla, iingxaki zokugaya ukutya, i-allergies kunye neyongezelelo lokomeleza umzimba ngokubanzi.
Phakathi kweekhompawundi ezifanelekileyo ze-bioactive zezi:
- Iasidi yeRosmarinic: Inamandla i-anti-inflammatory kunye ne-anti-allergies, ithathwa njengoxanduva lwezicelo ezininzi zonyango, ngakumbi kwi umkhuhlane, isifuba, ibronchitis kunye nokwaliwa ngamaxesha athile.
- Iiasidi ezinamafutha abalulekileyo: Ioli yayo ityebile kakhulu i-omega 3 (i-alpha-linolenic acid), ngomlinganiselo ophezulu kunezinye iimbewu ezifana neflakisi, i-chia okanye i-hemp.
- Iioli eziyimfuneko kunye ne-flavonoids: Iqulethe iikhompawundi ezifana iluteolin, apigenin, skullcap, quercetin kunye nezinye iipolyphenols nge i-antioxidant, i-antitumor, i-antidepressant properties kunye nabakhuseli benkqubo ye-cardiovascular system.
En Amayeza emveli amaTshayina Omabini amagqabi kunye nembewu (“Zi Su Ye” kunye “noZi Su Zi”) zisetyenziselwa:
- Ukunyanga ityhefu ekutyeni, ngakumbi ngokusetyenziswa kwentlanzi kunye ne-shellfish.
- Nciphisa iimeko zokuphefumla ezifana nokhohlokhohlo, isifuba, ibronchitis, imikhuhlane kunye nokuxinana kwemiphunga.
- Ukusasaza i Qi, lawula isisu kunye ne-spleen, kwaye uncede kwiingxaki zokugaya ukutya ezifana nesicaphucaphu, ukugabha kunye norhudo.
- Lawula iziqendu ze ukwaliwa kakhulu kunye neempendulo ze-anaphylactic.
Ukongeza, izifundo zanamhlanje ziyayixhasa i-antioxidant, i-anti-inflammatory, i-anticancer, i-antibacterial properties kunye nemiphumo emihle kwi-cardiovascular system, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo njenge i-antidepressant kunye nokuthintela ukugqithisa kunye nokulahleka kweenwele ngokudibanisa nezinye izityalo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwePerilla Culinary: iiresiphi kunye nezithethe
IQhuba Yimifuno esisiseko kwi-Asian cuisine, ngakumbi kwi IJapan, iChina, iKorea, iNepal kunye nenxalenye yeIndiya. Babo amagqabi kunye nembewu Zisetyenziswa njenge-condiment, ukunxiba okanye isithako esiphambili kwiitya ezahlukeneyo, zombini eziphekiweyo nezikrwada.
Ezinye izinto ezithandwayo zokupheka kunye neendlela zokupheka ziquka:
- Amagqabi amatsha ukukhapha okanye ukusonga iintlanzi kunye nokutya kwaselwandle, ngakumbi kwi I-sashimi yaseJapanEJapan, i ishiso emfusa Kubalulekile ukulungiselela umeboshi (iiplum ezipickled) kunye nezinye iipickles.
- El ioli yembewu yeperila Kuyathakazelelwa kokubili ekuphekeni nasekuveliseni ioli yokumisa i-varnishes. Le oyile ibonakaliswa yiyo iphezulu kwi-omega 3 kunye nokukwazi kwayo ukugcina kunye nokutshabalalisa ukutya.
- En eNepal naseIndiya iisosi zilungiswa enongwe imbewu ephekiweyo, itshilisi kunye netumata.
Iresiphi yentlanzi esongelwe ngephepha: Beka ibhedi yamagqabi e-perilla kwi-aluminium foil, phezulu nge-fillet yentlanzi, yongeza i-anyanisi, i-garlic, i-ginger, okanye i-pepper, kunye netyuwa ukunambitha. Gubungela ngamagqabi amaninzi e-perilla, tywina iphakheji, kunye nomphunga.
I-Mushroom kunye ne-perilla leaf tempura: Xuba umgubo (irayisi okanye ingqolowa), amanzi abandayo, ityuwa, kunye nesafron ukwenza intlama. Yongeza amakhowa kunye namagqabi e-perilla, gazinga kwioli eshushu, kwaye ukhuphe amanqatha amaninzi kwiphepha elifunxayo. Khonza ngeelokhwe ezithambileyo.
I-Perilla ayinakonwatyiswa kuphela ekuphekeni kwesintu kuphela, kodwa inokongezwa kwi-infusions, i-stews, i-stir-fries, i-woks, okanye isuphu, kwaye inokudityaniswa neziqholo ezifana nejinja, i-cloves, i-orenji, okanye i-sinamon ukudala ukutya, ukuvumba, kunye nokuxhamla okunempilo.
Ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali kunye nexabiso lesondlo sePerilla frutescens
El iprofayili yemichiza yePerilla Yahluke kakhulu, kunye iikhompawundi ezininzi eziluncedo eyempilo:
- Imbewu: Ziqulethe phakathi kwe-40-50% ye-lipids, malunga ne-17% yeeprotheni kunye ne-30% yeeoli eziguquguqukayo.
- Iiasidi ezinamafutha abalulekileyo: Ngokumalunga ne-54-64% ye-alpha-linolenic acid (i-omega-3), i-11-16% ye-linoleic acid (i-omega-6), i-14-23% i-oleic acid (i-omega-9) kunye nexabiso elincinci le-fatty acids (6-8%).
- Iivithamini kunye neeminerali: Zizityebi kwi-vitamin B1 kunye neemaminerali ezibalulekileyo, kunye ne-polyphenols kunye ne-flavonoids ezifana ne-rosmarinic acid, i-apigenin, i-luteolin, i-chrysoeriol, i-quercetin, i-palmitic acid, i-stearic acid, i-limonene kunye ne-shikonin.
- Ii-oyile ezibalulekileyo: Kukho ezahlukileyo iikhemotypes I-Perilla ngokuxhomekeke kwi-predominance yeekhompawundi ezifana ne-perilla aldehyde, i-perilacetone, i-phenylpropanoids, i-elsholtzia ketone, i-perilin, kunye nabanye. I-chemotype nganye ichaphazela ivumba lesityalo, incasa, kunye nesenzo sonyango.
- Ii-amino acid: Iquka i-arginine, i-histidine, i-leucine, i-isoleucine, i-lysine, i-methionine, i-phenylalanine, i-threonine, kunye ne-valine.
Iioli ezibalulekileyo nazo ziqulathe iikhompawundi ezinamandla ezinevumba elimnandi kwaye kwezinye iimeko izinto ezithathwa njenge-psychoactive (ezifana ne-myristicin kunye ne-elemicin kwii-chemotypes ezithile), kungoko kwiidosi ezinkulu zinokuba yityhefu kwizilwanyana zasekhaya.
I-Perilla kwinkcubeko yemveli kwaye namhlanje
IQhuba Likhonkco phakathi kwebhotani, umhombiso, ukupheka, kunye nempilo. Ukulinywa kwayo kususela kwiifama ezincinci zentsapho ukuya kwimveliso enkulu e-Asia, apho imbewu isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukufumana i-oyile yemveliso kunye neyokutya kunye nolunye unyango. Ikwasisityalo ethwele ubusi isivuno esikhulu, esixatyiswa kakhulu ngabafuyi beenyosi.
Kwiinkqubo ze amayeza emveli Japanese kunye ChineseI-Perilla licandelo lee-herbal complexes zokuthintela kunye nokunyangwa kwe-asthma, ukukhohlela, ukudakumba, ukugula okuhambayo, i-bronchitis, i-dyspepsia, kunye nokukhusela umntwana ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Idityaniswe namanye amayeza afana nejinja, iginseng, i-magnolia, ipinellia, kunye ne-licorice ukukhulisa ukusebenza kwayo.
Sebenzisa kwi infusions Le yenye yeendlela eziqhelekileyo zokuzuza kwiipropati zayo. I-dosage ephakanyisiweyo yi-5-10 grams yamagqabi omisiweyo ngokufakela (i-steep for 10-15 imizuzu, ubuninzi beekomityi ezi-2-3 imihla ngemihla). Ukusetyenziswa kwangaphandle, inokutyunyuzwa kwaye isetyenziswe njenge-poultice ye-warts okanye ezinye iimeko ze-dermatological, ukuyishiya imizuzu eyi-10-15 ngamaxesha amaninzi ngosuku.
Imbewu inokutshizwa kwaye isetyenziswe kwi-decoctions, kwaye kukho amalungiselelo athile okuphelisa iintsholongwane zamathumbu emathunjini okanye ukuqinisa imiphunga, phantsi kweliso lobuchule.
La Iifilimu zePerilla Ingaphezulu kwesityalo sokuhombisa. Ukuqina kwayo, ukukhululeka kokulinywa, ukubukeka okubonakalayo, kunye nokuguquguquka kumayeza esintu, i-gastronomy, kunye nezitiya zendalo ziyenza ibe lukhetho olubaluleke kakhulu kuyo nayiphi na imeko yendalo okanye yasekhaya.